Mashonaland
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yankin taswira da colony (en) | |||||
| Bayanai | |||||
| Nahiya | Afirka | ||||
| Ƙasa | Zimbabwe da Daular Biritaniya | ||||
| Wuri | |||||
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Samfuri:Infobox Bantu name Mashonaland yanki ne da ke arewacin Zimbabwe. Gida ce ga kusan rabin al'ummar Zimbabwe. Yawancin mutanen Mashonaland sun fito ne daga kabilar Shona yayin da yaren Zezuru da Korekore suka fi yawa. Harare shi ne birni mafi girma sai Chitungwiza.[1]
A halin yanzu, Mashonaland ta kasu kashi huɗu,
- Mashonaland West
- Mashonaland Central
- Mashonaland Gabas
- Harare
Babban birnin Zimbabwe na Harare, lardin da kansa, ya ta'allaka ne gaba ɗaya a cikin Mashonaland.
Tarihin lardi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Asalin daya ne daga cikin yankunan da aka raba kasar zuwa bayan mamayar da Pioneer Column ya yi a shekarar 1890 kuma ya ayyana iyakar yankin da ke karkashin jagorancin Kamfanin Burtaniya na Afirka ta Kudu wanda ya bambanta da sauran yankin da ke karkashin kulawar kai tsaye. Sarkin Matabele, Lobengula, wanda ake kira Matabeleland lokacin da aka mamaye shi a cikin shekarar 1893. Su biyun suna da gwamnatoci daban-daban na wani yanki na lokacin mulkin mallaka na Kamfanin BSA.
Tawaye ya barke a kan Kamfanin Burtaniya na Afirka ta Kudu a cikin shekarar 1896, karkashin jagorancin firistoci na addinin Mwari. Turawan Ingila sun yi galaba, sun kashe wasu shugabanni, sun yi kokarin gyara tsarin. [2]
A cikin shekarar 1923, yankin ya zama wani yanki na mulkin mallaka na Kudancin Rhodesia kuma Mashonaland ta zama ɗaya daga cikin larduna biyar. A cikin shekarar 1970, sake fasalin gudanarwa ya haifar da raba Mashonaland zuwa rabin arewa da kudu. Kwanan nan, a cikin shekarar 1983, an raba shi zuwa sassa uku na yanzu kuma an ba babban birnin Harare matsayin lardin shi ma. Tun bayan gyaran kundin tsarin mulkin da ya fara aiki a shekarar 1988, kowanne gwamna da shugaban kasa ya naɗa ne ke tafiyar da shi. [3]
Siffofin yanki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yankin ya ƙunshi wani fili mai faɗi da ke gangarowa a hankali zuwa arewa da arewa maso yamma. Ƙasa mafi ƙasƙanci tana kan iyakarta ta arewa, wadda kogin Zambezi ya kafa, tare da Zambia bayan.[4] Wani ɗan ƙaramin yanki ya ratsa filin tudu a gefen kudu maso gabas kuma a nan ƙasar ta shiga cikin Kogin Ajiye amma sauran Mashonaland wani yanki ne na magudanar ruwa na Zambezi. A kudu, Kogin Munyati yana kan iyaka da lardin Midlands na yanzu da na baya. Kogin Nyangadzi ya kafa iyaka da Manicaland zuwa gabas.[5]
Yawancin tsarin ƙasa yana mirgina ƙananan tuddai waɗanda kwarin kogi suka raba. Kusan rabin ƙasar ya haura 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) tsawo da tsakiyar ruwa a kudu da tsakiya yana a 1,500–1,650 metres (4,920–5,410 ft) . Duwatsu kaɗan ne kaɗai da kashin bayan Range na Umvukwes a yamma ke hawa sama. Matsayi mafi girma yana cikin tsaunin Wedza a kudu maso gabas a 1,789 metres (5,869 ft)
Tattalin Arziki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tattalin arzikin yankin ya kunshi ma'adanai, noma da kuma sana'ar hidima. Kayan aikinta na yawon bude ido, filaye masu albarka da yankuna cike da ma'adinai irin su Bindura na iya inganta tattalin arziki, amma saboda rashin shugabanci da tsare-tsare, tattalin arzikin ya koma baya.[6] ] Yawancin 'yan Mashonaland manoma ne, kuma suna samun tushen samun kudin shiga daga noma.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Haberland, Eike (May 3, 1974). Perspectives Des Études Africaines Contemporaines: Rapport Final D'un Symposium International . Deutsche UNESCO-Kommission. ISBN 9783794052257 – via Google Books.
- ↑ Ranger 1967.
- ↑ Bridger 1973.
- ↑ Knight-Bruce, G. W. H. (1892). Journals of the Mashonaland Mission 1888 to 1892 . Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts – via Project Canterbury .
- ↑ Ranger, Terence O. (1967). Revolt in Southern Rhodesia, 1896-7: A Study in African Resistance . Northwestern University Press.
- ↑ Bent, James Theodore (1891). The ruined cities of Mashonaland : Being a record of excavation and exploration in 1891 by J. Theodore Bent ... With a chapter on the orientation and mensuration of the temples by R.M.W. Swan . London: Longmans, Green, and Co.