JMIR mHealth and uHealth

Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) serves as the foundational intervention in the clinical management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) management. However, inadequate supportive care often hinders patients’ ability to sustain dietary modifications and self-management behaviors, particularly for complex regimens. Flexible online interventions are thus gaining interest as adjuncts to clinical care, with the potential to improve the outcomes of GDM self-management.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is widely performed in patients with advanced Parkinson disease (PD). Recent advances in technology have facilitated remote programming of DBS devices, reflecting an emerging trend in neuromodulation approaches, and offering a potential framework for patient-centered care. These online sessions for patients with PD who underwent de novo implantation of DBS devices have been reported to be safe and effective, similar to in-clinic sessions. Currently, evidence for patients with chronically implanted DBS devices remains limited.

Anxiety and mood disorders, characterized by elevated negative affect (NA) and cognitive impairments, are highly prevalent among college students. Within-person (WP) NA variability, which captures moment-to-moment fluctuations in NA, provides unique insights into emotional processes that are not reflected in mean NA levels. Cognitive variability, particularly reaction time (RT) inconsistency, is increasingly recognized as a sensitive marker of cognitive health and functional integrity. Although prior research links NA to cognitive variability, the short-term dynamics of these associations in naturalistic settings remain understudied. College students provide an ideal population for examining these dynamics using ecological momentary assessment (EMA).

Falls among older adults are a growing and costly public health problem that often leads to mobility decline and loss of independence. Although clinical frameworks such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, and Injuries (STEADI) initiative recommend multifactor screening (gait, balance, strength, fear of falling, and fall history), most wearable fall risk assessment systems rely on a small set of risk factors (typically gait), which creates a gap between clinical practice and automated wearable assessment.

The effectiveness of a digital training (DT) system in which patients receive individually tailored physiotherapeutic elbow-specific training (PEST) delivered via a digital platform remains unclear.

Mobile health (mHealth) technologies are increasingly promoted as tools for chronic disease management and healthy aging, yet adoption remains persistently uneven across demographic groups. Japan, where 29.1% of the population is 65 years or older—the highest proportion globally—exemplifies the challenges of mHealth promotion in super-aging societies. Despite high smartphone penetration (90.1%) and active national digital transformation initiatives, only 21.6% of Japanese adults report regular mHealth app use, with marked disparities by age and sex.

Meditation apps are increasingly popular but face significant engagement challenges. Most research does not meaningfully capture real-world engagement or associated user characteristics. Engagement patterns and reasons for engaging or disengaging remain relatively unexplored.

Mobile health (mHealth) interventions are growing in popularity, but less research has focused on low-income families, particularly interventions integrating wearable devices with automated personalized messages.

Exposure to circadian entrainers, such as sunlight, positively impacts sleep architecture, while exposure before bedtime to circadian disruptors, such as artificial light and smartphone use, can negatively affect sleep. However, real-world evidence from longitudinal observational studies that simultaneously capture these factors alongside electroencephalography-derived sleep stages remains limited.

Interhospital transfer delays remain a major barrier to timely reperfusion therapy and are associated with worse functional outcomes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS), particularly in rural regions.

Mobile health (mHealth) technologies, including smartphone health apps and wearable trackers, are increasingly used to promote health behaviors. However, their impact on physical and mental well-being remains complex, with both benefits and potential unintended negative consequences.

Screening for, detecting, and managing pregnancy hypertension is a core function of antenatal care. To reduce both training requirements and the risks of measurement error in blood pressure (BP) values, automated and semiautomated BP devices have been validated in pregnant women with normal BP and pregnant women with hypertension and introduced for serial antenatal measurement of BP.