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Northern Star (1837-1852), 22nd July 1843, Edition 2 of 4, Page 7

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      EMIGRATION , OBSERVATIONS CO 2 TNECTED WTTS MB . -3 » J 3 EBTHLTr S TOTJB . ( ConHxaeSJTBm oxr last toeeJc ' s paper . ) ESIBUCIIOBSl-iKD CAiaiOSS TO EK 1 GKANTS . There can be no objections , to persons of weakconsfci tatioiis going out , as many lave thereby been restored jo health , who had been long in a lingering itate -when at borne ; and dd persons ofteff feel themselvBt improved ; as to those -whoare asthmatics ! the _ rarity of the iir in Sis States Tex ; often effects a complete

      Seeing nohettamode , 3 will begin at home ; and , ji iATerpool is the principal port from -which emigrants proceed , I wfll confine my observations to that portalone —f srhile they , fei a great measure , -will apply to every post in the United Kingdom }— -JLrrerpaol being nest cpntigncma toXancaahire , Cheshire , Wales , Salop , StAffr ** , Tirait j ^ xnAJfotawgtm . TTig ^ TTR | Blnn"yyf »« iTTipTi » tTSrl wnrt Cumberland ; and many traTel to that port from all otha partsof England , and also from Scotland and Ireland , ilthon ^ b -ressela sail to Kew York , Boston , Philadelphia , sod other ports in America , from London , Bristol , Fiymonth , Soil , and Newcastle , in England ; leith sad Glasgow , in Scotland ; and Cork , Dublin , Belfast , and other ports in Ireland .

      Asamatterof course , every one -will make the most of everything before lesving home , reserving only such article * as may be of the greatest use to them on the T&ya ? e , or after landing ; and-it -would be well to place any ctauddHrablfi BTnm rf money In Ihe Vr-p ^ m © f gome lepntable merchant -who may have an agent at OfaB port "whree it -is intended to land , taking an order to receive it on arrival : or if any bank would give an order at small charge , it would serve equally velL I only feai that too few * w 31 have xmch to spare alter paying i&eir passage and having a little Id meet unavoidable expencea on landing After placing yon luggage in the hands of some rejmtakle carrier , always "bargain and pay the carriage . This "win be found the cheapest tray .

      Arnfflgements bang completed at home , yon proceed to Manchester , take the river boat from New Bailey bridge , . the charge being 2 a . for each adult ( children half price } to iiTerpool , where private lodgings and meals may be procured economically in seaie of the streets adjoining the IPrinoer ' s or Waterloo docks . Ko time should be lost in obtaining an advertising newspaper , from -which takes list of all the ships bound , Jor the port to-which you intend to sail ; and sometimes it may be -well to take those for Boston or Philadelphia , as yen might find it -advantageous to go to a neighbouring port , as the chip may be less crowded , or of » superior tlasa , and at a lover fare , as -was the case -with myself Installing for Boston instead of New York . Whenyou hare got your list completed of all the ships ,

      -yWl -white ifaej- axe lying in -theserexa ] docks , bartfn to Tint every tjbb or ihtm by going -oj » LoaxtL , and -aakiug such question s » you deemseeessary ; and should any ¦ pxssengers be ou hoard you must ascertain the amount tbeyiaTe paid as fare , -which 'win be a guide for you &t tfce office . After taking the round in this iprhtibt , you having the agent ' s name for each ship , proceed to every ' office and make the necessary enquiries as to fares , and everything else ; -when you have done this , reflect and consult , and return to that office -which 1 b nearest your -wishes , and try to make as favourable a bargain as you can , fearing so one , asd pushing about in 3 bold and business-like manner , sever forgetting that you are surrounded by land-sharks in the shape of men , and sometimes boys , and « ven females , some of whom-will tell you that they are just come in from

      aach and such a place , ana are on the same errand s * yourself , -while their aole object iB plunder . Some Trill profess to be agents for certain companies or ships ; and &ej -will ieH yon the ; can -procure yen the cheapest passage in the best ship—they -can find you the . cheapest and best lodging—and your provisions they-can-supply mush better and cheaper than any one else . The persons on board the ships yon TMt , and all along the docks and -streets , and even the persons -where you lodge , -will try lo pluck you of some extras , by introducing you to a provision dealer ; or others , and then they have as handsome allowance out of yeur money . Ton must -watch every one of those ,-and others , whom toattemptto describe is in vain . Hear -what they say , bat rely on nothing . Shake off tie vultures , and look out for yourselves at the head of every establishment , and at jio other place .

      What are called the liners , or packet ships , are generally the fastest sailers ; and having read my tour , you ¦ will have learned-what treatment you may expect from beginning to end , even when you hare used the best passible means and the greatest caution . Do not , on any -accounts pay your fare until some per-» on 4 bgTBlu » - Tt&Tneaiiaput itdowB ) goes with you from &B office io tiie aiup , and ias your i > erttf * ' £ x © d « B » and your initialw ' put ypon it ; and pay the fare no 'where but at the agenfsoffica ; after you have had the printed form filled up -with- the number oi thB berth , asd the zam paid . Shoald jou sot be able to see this correctly dose yourself , jet some person , in -whom you have confidence , to < Io it for you ; and in case insult or violence be shewn towards you ( as -was done towards Mrs . Bradley , in the ease I published along -with my introductory letter , ) give the person in charge ofa policeman ; and go to Lieutenant Henry , or-such person as may fill the office

      of government agent for the protection of emigrants at the port , to whom any policeman-can direct yon ; and he -w 31 assist you in bringing the culprit to justice . Ton mnst be as canning as a fox and as bold as a lion . When you have obtained your receipt , and seen it to be perfectly correct , you mast inform the agent that you are resolved to keep it until you reach your destination ; and , indeed , that it is as much yours as the money 'which , you have ~ pal < i is Mi . I say tins , because it ia lbs practice as soon as the ship goes oat of port , to collect all the receipts from He passengeraj and then you axe defenceless—you are open to insult from any one—your quantity of -water , "which is specified in the receipt , may be reduced , and many other advantages taken-with impunity ; but if you have the terms of engagement , you can , on landing , have the Captain brought before the authorities -and obtain xedxe&s . Mark this well , as it is important

      Tour nest easiness is to go and hire a donkey cart , cr some other conveyance , and have your goods taken from the carriers to the ship . Have a person with yon -when yon mate yonr t&rgain , -wfclch siast lea positrr © " , or they -will by some twist make yon pay three times Ihfi-Him bargained lot Stand firm , and theyurust obey lei no one lay their hand on a single article belonging to you , or they "will make yon pay too dear for your ¦ whistle . I saw a man allow three fellows to carry his baggage from off a donkey cart to the hold of the ship , a distance of about twenty yards , and they -charged him the moderate sum of three shillings each—tvily sine shillinrpl and the simple feUoir paid them seven and sixpence . Thisis a fair sample ef the sack ; so that if you permit any of the leeches to touch , they are sure to suck

      the vary last-drop of blood from you if they can . Remember always that the nine-shillings -were charged and the seven and sixpence paid for a Jew minutes work ; anS keep in your mind's eye that those people live by plundering the unfortunate and unsuspecting emigrants , and consider themifaii game j and so-caDons-hearted are theneaos that -were they to drain their victims of the last farthing they -would only rgoiee in their success , ¦ while thB poor flseced creatures are fired for means to carry them forward , or to enable them toTetorn homB ; Bad yon may rest assure * that many of those plunderers are in connection with , and harboured and encouraged by , "whit are termed the « sp « rfaMe offices for engaging pasasesfor enngrstttt ; so ttatyouire jibtei Bale bnt in yonr-awn watcBfulness and reaolution .

      When you have got youi goods on board yon may be able to sleep there , and thus save the expense of lodgings ^ and it is needful that you should do so , as gangs are , under pretence of looking for berths , ready to commit robbery ; therefore you must have every moveable thing locked up and also keep a strict -watch . A friead of mine had his best cost stolen from on board , although he had left it in charge of a Mend -who remained on board . If you do sot takes bed 'with you , yon ess buy one ia any shop along the docks , for one person for Zs . They are covered -with a thin cotton tick , asd filled ¦ wnn cotton flocks , and a pillow of the same material . One for two persons can be bought for 4 s . 6 d-

      Since I crossed the Atlantic the New Emigrant ' s Act has come into force , -which compels the Giptain to supply every passenger , daily , -with one pound of bread Of bread itngg ; that is , one poand of solid food every dayj but Ithaie heard flat it 3 s often of very «* rse and olhersn » e inferior quality ? and it is supplied wiBKJut wt regard to the disordered and sickly temaerj « f persons en the 5 r first Toyage , -who fraqueutiy naa it difficult to eat any-description of food , even of the most delicate kind . I vonld therefore recommend that for every adult the following be taken : — Hour , fibs . Oatmeal , 61 b * ., particularly for gruel , -which can be taken -when nothing else can , and -wh £ J > sweetened witti a little sugar is excellent Biee , € lbe . Eraih " ^ leaten bread , G ' iba . This to be got just before ftfBgoa beard .

      Bjnbie baked bread , Bibs . Thia is done in thefoliowmg maaner . Cat a loaf into slices , of about an kwfc in-thickness , and put -them ante the oven , or toast a « a well beTpre the lire , and they -wiU keep as well as *• biscuit , and aremnchmore agreeable both to the taste * && « ionuui ; -when jmt into tea , or otber liquid , S becomes as soft , ^* nd tastes as -well as if only done ttfcdsj hefore . < J * t . or haver cake , 31 bs . This is for persons who bivebteninthehabit of nsiDgit , audit must be well iried . Taa Irith , Scotch , and others , who use what they call os £ cs £ e , take it in tbe same manner as they " ° » e It , always giving it as maeb bakein ^ as it can t * ar . If it is soft , it is sure to mould at asa . Treade caJte , eommonly called " parkin , " Slbs . 33 ns is -made of oatmeal and treacle , with a few caraway seeds , aadperhsos a little ginger . It keeps wdl and is pleasant to tbe taste , and txceUeat for the bowels , being both ' medicine asd food .

      Bisenite , xwo or 3 ibs . < M title bestiind , or what *» ealled AberneUry . Potatoes , -SOlbs . Those can be obtained most fresh » ad ebsp from the boats which are always to be found " ¦ aflrck « oi « EiBg Sxe dsreocs doci- Pisreids a bag *^ f iheir before leaving tovne . a » ai jj . bii , pickix ^ be- f or perk 4 ib «; hnag be ?? , 1 g- «> j red herrings , 31 bs- ; bmtter , 2 ite- ; cheese ,

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      Slbs . ; beef suet , SIbs . This should have the skins taken out , and put into a jar with a little flour , and * kept covered . lard , 2 Ib&j eggs , two down , robbed with batter and packed in salt ; -white boiling peas , Slbs . or Slbs . ; sugar , Slbs . ; treacle , -ilba . ; raisins , lib . ; currants , lib . ; coffee , | Ib . ; tea , | lb . ; ginger , 2 c& ; pepper ^ 2 ot ; oranges , one dozen ; lemons , half-a-dosen ; apples , one dozen ; onions , 21 bs . ; vinegar , on * bottle ; porter , one or two dozsn ; a box or two ef opening pOls ; two dozen of powders ; a bottle of castor oil ; a bottle of peppermint ; a little salts and senna ; Peruvian bark , a quarter of an ounce ; a little mercurial ointment soap Slbs . ; candles , lib . ; a tin lanthorn , as the candle must be kept enclosed when lighted to prevent accidents by fire ; which i « very proper . \ A few lucifer matches , which mnst be well secured from air and damp , or they will soon become useless at sea . A lash and small tooth-comb .

      Let the wlfa take her best china with her , as it win be worth double , when landed , to what it la iiere . ; A number of the articles above enumerated may seem unnecessary . Some of my fellow passengers told me , before we got across , that they considered I wished them to waste their monsy on trifles at Liverpool Their minds had , however , changed , and they were very thankful for my advice ; and not one in a thousand will refuse me the same , however light they ma ; beat ' the matter when on shore . -

      Arrange so as to have as little cooking as possible , the accommodatien being exceedingly bad , arid the passenger is often Ql-ntted to do any cooking , } especially when Qie -weather is rough ; indeed many cannot attend to it at alL It ought to be observed that the only place lor second cabin and steerage passengers to cook is at a large grate placed upon the deck of the ship , and generally you have a considerable distance to walk or scramble to it , often on a wet suppery * deck , with the vessel heaving and laid much ou one side , so as to render it dangerous to go along without anything ; 4 ben imagine how much more so it will be when carry ing a boUing kettle , or other utensil , full of Cooked -victuals : and very frequently ao many are waiting for their iurn ; and being really , or imagining themselves wronged , brawls and fights often ensue . I have seen the most deadly weapons used ,-and serious injury done in those easts . .

      - Ship ' s cooks are sometimes allowed to cook for pas sengers ; -when it is so , the charge is from 12 s . to 18 s . for each individual . Whatever engagement is made in this case take care sot to pay till near landing . ' The open grates for cooking are always fixed near the bows of the ship , and very often breakers ! swell over asd drench the whole of the cooks , and sometimes " spoil the broth . " Ham , meal , flour , sugar , tea , and such things as are not convenient to be prepared at home , may be procured

      in Liverpool , as well as any where , by looking round and finding the proper places ; and thus the carriage and trouble -will be sayed . Flour , oatmeal , brtad , anti biscuits , of the best quality , are kept at a warehouse in the first turning to the right after passing through Oesvelasd-sqsare , from the Port-office . This la the beat place in Liverpool . There you can also obtain American flour barrels at sevenpence or eightpence each , and with a small lock , which may be purchased for sixpence , will be found the cheapest and best way to pnt up your provisions .

      . Kext comes the necessary implements for cooking with , Teasels for water , * & You will ascertain when you take your fare what is the daily allowance of water ; and you must provide a vessel , or vessels , to contain that quantity for each person ; also a tin wash-hand basir , a quart tin boiler , a tin plate or two , two pint tin cans , teapot , asd covered chamber pot See that those are well made , and strong . What are generally bought in Liverpool are of the wont tnntffrial and ¦ tack together in the most temporary manner , j They are like Trader * * razors , made to sail ; but when put to

      use they ko to pieces ; the haniles not unfrequeutly coming off while emptying them into the sea , when they eisk to rise no more , whereby great inconveniences arise . It is therefore necessary to have them of good material and well made . A respectable man who would keep a good article and might be relied on , would succeed well in Liverpool , as a tinner . You will require an ironjpso , tinned within , and likewise a frying pan ; you eught also to take two or three pint basons and jugs . Much crockery is apt to be broken by the heaving of the ship . Take also a knife and fork , and a table and tea spoon or two .

      Where a few are going out together they can have five pounds of tea , the same quantity of coffee , and fifty-six pounds of tugar , duty frte , or at half the usual price , which is ef some consequence . Five gallons ot brandy can be purchased for three shillings and sixpence or three shillings and nine-pence put gallon ; a little of which is very useful in tea niriknwuL j Every cue ought to have a few changes of lines , and a few coarse towels ; and females ought to fee furnished with drawers , as they sometimes sleep in upper berths , and might be otberwise . exposed . Clothing to be worn on board ought to be clean , but unfit for wear any where else , as no place can be mare destructive to good clothes . . ' '

      The person , the clothing , the rH fffrpw , the floor , the berths , and every comer and crevice ought to be kept perfectly dean . Nothing is more essential to health -and comfort than pure air ; and should vermin of any kind be discovered on man , woman , or child , mercurial ointment eught to be instantly applied for their extermination ; asd should the itch be discovered on board , prompt means must be taken to prevent its spread . Erery male ought to furnish himself with a cap , as a hat is very inconvenient at sea , and apt to be blown off . The clean appearance and healthy condition of the passengers on their arriTal in port is of great consequence ; for if they » ppesr filthy and are diseased , they are detained until all is dean and healthy , or according to law for fourteen days ; while , if they are clean and healthy , they are landed immediately , which ia a great relief .

      It often happens that fares are lower to St . John ' s , Sew ErunBwick ; St . John ' s , Newfoundland ; Quebec , and Montreal ; but unless the passenger intends to settle in the British possessions , or in the vicinity of those parts , the espeoce of travelling by the cheapest and best route to the Far West , 1 b often greater than the difference to 2 Vew York . The ships which are sent to those ports being generally engaged to take home timber are often very il- - > w , and not nnfreqaently CTIZJ old bulks ; and to the St . Lawrence , in particular , the passage is more dangerous . :

      To New Orleans is a longer passage , but it is often made , by tfcs aid of trade -winds , in about a week more than to New York . Emigrants bound for Lonisania , Arkansas , Georgia , Albania , Missouria , Iowa , or the Western part of Tenessee , and the Southern and : Western parts of Illinois and Wisconsin , may find this the cheapest , and , perhaps , the most pleasant way , as luggage is taken off the ship and carried on a boat to the steamer at New Orlesns ; frith the passengers , and proceesds up the river to the nearest point of their destination ; and the fare for 1 , 500 miles , or more , in the steerage ( Without board ) is only about five dollars , or one pound . When a number of mariners ; have joined asd chartered a ship , I am informed that they Jja-ve been taken from Liverpool to the city of Nauvoo , the citv of the prophet , Joe Smith , about 1600 miles up

      the Mississippi , for fifteen shillings each , which appears scarcely credible . Sometimes two pounds has been saved by taking this route . However , no one can be safe to land in those swamps , crowded with snakes and crocodiles , and tiie climate being exeessiTeSy hot , before the end of October . Shonld their means be liinited , there is almost a certainty that employment lor mechanics , arti ' zras , and Labourers can be obtained here , Ruling the winter months , at sigh wages ; asd provisions being low , they will be able to recruit their resources , and tra prepared to move northward is the spring , and before the hot weather sots in , and thus keep moving towards a colder climate . At this time the best vessels begin to ply , -while the fares are generally reduced in consequence of the opposition , which is always the greatest at thin season-

      On landing , the Emigrant feelB himself at a loss is what manner to proceed against the captain , the owners , or agents for the redress of any wrong that may have been done him on tbe passage ; and this difficulty is aggravated by the rule of the agents at Liverpool taking the receipts and terms of agreement from the passengers after getting out of the dock , -which leaves them without any written evidence to show upon what terms they { the agents ) bind themselves to convey the pas-BEDgera aercss . It i » therefore gwntfal to the end * of justice that the nefarious practice of dispossessing the emigrants , after being on board , of their papers must be stayed . I wfll here give a copy or a receipt which was in the possession of a gentleman , named therein , on board the ship Sonth America , on his return to England , in order to show the nature of the receipt and also to show that the shippers at the port of London from whence he sailed , have sot resorted to this trick : —

      { COPT . ) " London and New York Packet Office . ¦ St . Catherine ' s Dock , " August € , 1 S 42 . " Captain Bibbert , of the ship Quebec , will please furnuh Mr . Thos . Hitchcock with oneiberth , fuel , and water in the steerage for the present voyage . " All luggage at the risk of its owners , and so money returned . « Berth , So . " Signed , " 1 m TEXBOit . " * ' Phillips and Tiplady , sworn Broken , ; 3 , George-yard Lombard-street London . "

      The above ought to hare specified the daily quantity of -water to bs tupplied ; and to this every passenger ought to pay particular attention , as it is often reduced to so small a qnantity as lo cause great privations and sometimes disease . The berth osght also to be num . bered , and the receipt filled np witt the number , The broker's signature is a guarantee for the fulfilment of the contract . The passenger ought to see that the terms are properly specified upon the paper before payment of the fare iB made ; and when they have receiTed it , it is , as before observed , as much their property a 8 the money Is the property of thoBe to whom it has been paid ; and I hope that no one wiU deliver it lack , but retail it as their written agreement ; and should the terms not be fulfilled , it -will be received aa evidence , sbonlti it be loond necessary to apply ier redress of amy grievance before the magistrates at the port woera they may laiid .

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      It will be found difficult to procure cheap and good lodgings . 1 -would therefore suggest , by way of remedy , thai an association be formed for the protection of emigrants , having an ] agent appointed at the varions ports who should be under their controul , and that publication be made in this country that to such agent emigrants must apply for instructions in all things necessary on landing ; i and should the agent no appointed neglect bis duty , or betray his trust , let it be also puBlisheoSand another appointed . The mode of remuneration to be decided by the association . Of course the power of the association would depend upon the degree of confidence which the pnblio reposed in the

      members-Conld this object be effected , the swindling which would be prevented , land the benefits resulting therefrom would be i calculable . The emigrants would then step on shore in confidence , as if to meet a friend ; now they are surrounded before they get from on board by crowds of land Bhaiki , ready to devour one another in order that they may onlntennptedly prBy upon their victims . To prove which , I here give the following letters from two of the most reputable conveyance amenta in the City of New York , and one from Mr . RewcasUe , of 17 , FrontHstreet , in the same city , who keeps a boarding-house , and has therefore constantly before his eyes the conduct of the plundering crews : —

      No . 1 . New York , September 30 , 1842 . Mk . Pitkethlt ., SiK , —I take great pleasure in complying with your request to give yon my vietra on thfiBnbject of " Passage Runners , " and assure you of my hearty co-operation in anything which will tend to break np and destroy ; the gang who infest our city to prey upon the poor unwary emigrant . The surest way , in my opinion , for the emigrant to avoid imposition ia to pay his passage at Liverpool ; for instance , for Buffalo , if that is his destination ; taking care to pay none but responsible men . The consequence is , on his arrival here , the Runners ascertain that the passage is paid , and give themselves , or him , no farther trouble . On the contrary , his neighbour , who paid only to New York , is pulled and hauled about , perhaps robbed ; at any rate , made to pay much more than the regular fare .

      Those Runneia make from two dollars to six dollars per head on the passengers , besides charging them enormous prices for centage , fee ., fcc We cany the passengers to Buffalo for two dollars fifty cents each The ^ Runners charge them six dollars , sometimes more . They pay us our price , and pocket the difference . Agents should be appointed at London and Liverpool to state tutae facts , and be > authorized to collect the passage money , \ which would save emigrants thousands of pounds in the course of the year ; or if that cannot conveniently be done , ascertain the name of the most responsible liner , and let the emigrant , when he arrives here , go to the office himself and make a bargain .

      Volumes might be written on this subject ; and in * numerable cases of fraud and imposition cited , had 1 time ; and take my word for it ,, the evil can only be corrected by pursuing some such course in the old country as I have suggested . Very respectfully , yours , fcc , > Thomas P . Waters . . Commercial Transportation Co . by Steam on the Lakes and Rivers . T . P . Waters and JE . F . Norton , agents , 23 , Water-street , corner of Broad-street , New York . J . I . Carter and Co ., proprietors , Albany .

      A 8 ENTS AND REFERENCES . J . I . Carter and Co ., Albany , H . H . Treat , Buffalo , 6 . A . French , Dunkirk , Chard , "White . Jand Co ., Cleveland , O ., J . Bowe and Co ., Portsmouth , O ., J . Flseharty asd Co ., Huron , O ., Peekham and Co ., Toledo , O ., M . Wilson , Detroit , Mich ., Bristol and Porter , Chicago , I 1 L , Sleight and Gould , Mich . City , Ia . Mark Goods ' Care C . T . Co ., ' and ship by Scbuyler ' a Line , Pier No . 3 , near the foot of Broad-street , daily , at five , p-m . ™

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      Sn « £ * ™ P'f * do » aw , » nd even more , to Bnffilo ; r . Kfc&i ? UtUe m ^ thau two , aometimesless ! £ !?*« ^' tlnw" nothing at all , aud they hand the S « 5 * J ^ Pt wW * i » not worth a fartbin * A gang of swindlers too at Liverpool act in the same way . j ¦ . 1 J ? llTZ ? ° > ' \ - a & * ¦ PMtaout la Pkto ™« . SKSLI £ tht h 0 < H > rriea toe Passengers considerably cheaper than Mr . Waters . ¦ T B ° 5 al . ° ; i » bon ' ' - « 90 miles ) one dollar and fifty is understood that an English halfpenny passes for , and is the tone U value as a centarid that a dollar is

      , equal to 100 cent * ., there will be littledjfficulty to read and understand the table in this letter . It will be understood that the figures 1 , 00 is for fare ; SO for tbe luggage , meaning solbs . weight This is necessary to ^ fi mS ??* ? noticed ; ** the CQar R wwrttant for all extra loggage wfaen the fare in ho low ; the emigrant mmt therefore take especial care when making the bargaia to include all his luggage , of every kind , before towvanijim It Included in his fare , or he may find his fare doubled , or perhaps trebled . This would not be excessive for so great a distance , but it is the duty of even one to go for as little as possible . See to this whether you travel by water or by railway . With a deal / of luggage it is best to by boat

      go . Wgntrre ) ght implies passage boat , in contradistincion to heavy luggage boats . I felt it m ^ duty to look out for information . I obtained much , j but consider these two letters sufficient guides on tbe [ passage to the intermediate towns and to Buffalo , which is the greatline by which nineteen-twentieths of the emi grants travel to the ! west From Buffalo to Milkwalkey , Racine , Southport , or Chicago , the fare by the best steamirs is , for the cabin , with provision * , fifteen dollars ; in the steerage , without provisions , eight dollars . Provisions can be taken

      on board at starting , and can be bought very low at most of the Waoding stations . F 4 rea to any of the ports between Buffalo and the places just named sue charged according to the distance . ' . Fares may j be taken fr » m Boston , or New York , direct to Chicago , or any of the ports on the lakes west of Buffalo ; but it ip necessary to know that the steamers from Buffalo go the extreme distance of 1 , 050 miles in four aud half days ; aa some of those by which they would be probably forwarded en the lakes might occupy double that tithe or more . The time , and the expence of provisions must therefore be taken into account

      My kind friend , Mr . James Spenoer , of Buffalo , would be glad to furnish all with the best information , and also with ! good bread and groceries , at bu baking and grocery store , in Lloyd-street , Buffalo ; and be would enable the emigrant to avoid the land sharks which have commenced their knavery there as at New York . : Tbe following statement is from Mr . John Rewcastle , formerly of Nfewcastle-upon-Tyne , who for a number of years has kept the Boarding House , No . 17 , Frontatreefc , New York : —

      After leaving Liverpool in disgust , from the manifold impositions of their own countrymen , expecting better treatment where man ' s equality 1 b acknowledged as the gwundjof their institutions , Eraigraata find themselves woefully mistaken immediately on their arrival in America ; but men of prudence and proper caution might easily Wold the manifold snares Bet to entrap them . As a duty to my fellow men , I describe those that beset them in New York . First , between tbe months of April and October , all vessels bringing passengers from any foreign port stop to ride quarantine at a place called Staten Island , situated about seven miles below New York , and between which places a regular hourly communication is kept up , by steam * boats , charging one York shilling , ( . about an EogliBh

      sixpence each ) where sometimes a few of tbe paasengers are allowed to go on shore for the purpose of procuring fresh provisions , Ace . They will generally find at this place a host of individuals ready to accost them ; some are pretended agentu for tbe lines of boats proceeding to the Western States , but with which they have no connection , but are a portion of a set of men banded together like a crew of pirates , to rob every man who is I unfortunate enough to listen to their tales about tiie respectability of their lines , dec ., fcc The day after , or perhaps two days or more , according to the health of the passengers or cleanliness of the * hip sod inmates , they are with their baggage transferred to a lighter or schooner , their baggage examined on a block * by the Custom House officers , and then set

      sail for New [ York . The captain of these schooners are generally ; ( in fact always ) bought by these officekaepeis to land them at a place convenient to their office , and use all his Influence on board on their way from quarantine to induce them to takfl their tickets for Buffalo , Pittsburgh , or any of the Western States ; and from his apparent candour and impartiality the people seldom suspect him to be interested , although the writer has known many of them to receive the sum of thirty dollars for one boat load . Then they are thus imposed on by paying five or six dollars to Buffalo in the tew boaU * f from York , in the most miserable manner , on tbe canal boats from Albany , while tbe actual fare from New York to Buffalo has not exceeded two dollars the whole season . The sum may appear small for the distance , but it is moro than the amount generally paid by the runners or pretended ageuts . If they take passengers at all , which they frequently do not ,

      and the sufferers are told by the captain of tbe canal boats , their tickets are of no use ,: they know nothing of the signing parties ; and of course the fare must be ru-paid . It is also a common practice to bribe one of the emigrants themselves to take the parties to some boarding house , aud from there to one of the offices in question . The only way to avoid the villains ia to look out for the cheapest steamer or tow boat to Albany , and when there to take the beat and cheapest canal boat they cab find to any part between Albany and Buffalo , finding their own provisions . Another great evil and fraud ia with some of the boarding houses using similar means to obtain customers ; and telling them they will board them at one price , and then charging double the amount stipulated for . The stranger has no means ; of escape without a tedious civil suit for the recovery of his baggage , which they will hold till the amount is pal J .

      JOHN JKEWCASTLE . Mr . Rjwcastle recommends that passengers should look out for the cheapest steam beat to Albany ; but acting on that advice exposes every' one to the suareB of the plunderers—they not knowing where to apply and who to believe . I am convinced more and more of the necessity of a responsibly agent , as before mentioned , and could wish 1 that some means could be adopted in erder that this desideratum might be Bupplied . ( To be continued . ) * A block iiifl a sort of quay , or pier where the vessel lays to . : t Tow-boafcs are heavy vessels which convey merchandise , and two , three , or four of them are fastened to one steamer of limited power , atijA are thus cowed up the Hudson river to Albany , their progress being necessarily very slow , occupying more than double the time of the paesenger steamers . Those boats generally go on to Troy to meet the canal boats . "

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      THE NATIONAL BENEFIT SOCIETY . OUR ADVANCED , AND ADVANCING POSITION . TO THE CHABTIST PUBLIC . FELLOW LABOURERS —If We have gathered together the scattered forces of democracy—the Paineites , Huntites , CobbetUtes , the Radicals of every shade . —and concentrated the heterogenus mass into one great homogeneous bodyjunder the title of Chartists , i . e ., adherents to , and advocates of , the document entitled the People's Charter ; in doing this we have well begun the work for political equality ; and the labour of five years , with all its trials , ] troubles , and expense , hath been well spent ia rearing the legion of liberty , whose onward march mast ultimately destroy the Hydra of corruption with its army ) of oppression .

      Yet it must be borne in mind the work is bnt begun ! We havo gained a position In the political world ; we have te defend that position , maintain it , and advance it I Ab O'Connor has often said : " We cannot retreat , we must go forward . " Brothers , the labour thickens before us ! the wilderness has to' be cleared ! , Svery day brings with it increased demands for our exertions . Ever ; calamity brings with it sew imposts , increased claims on our sympathy and scanty means . ;

      When we started onr Working Men ' s Associations , we had little else to do than devise means for publishing our principles and increasing our ranks . Still even then did several of our members think with myself , that a Bsnefit Society ; was necessary to provide against the poverty that might accrue to some of us from the advocacy of those principles . The subject was mooted in more than one Society , but the majority of our members were too much absorbed in political questions at attend to this most Important one of " providing for the body . " Their IftngOage seemed to be " provide not for tbe morrow '" : but anrely the poverty and troubles that have overtaken our Association , and the toiling class generally , hath taught : us that we should have made such previsions in 1839 . Again the question ; with a plan / was submitted to the members of one

      township : bat their minds were so pinch occupied with the subject of self-defence against the proclamationattacks , and other expfctedj attacks , of the Reform Government , that it was impossible to ' calmly consider the better tvorlc ' Since then , we have been so thoroughly occupied with the numerous trials and victims , as to be unable to demote any time to any other subject' than those immediately connected therewith . Bat row , that we are emerging from the eecond crusade against our party and fellow slaves , we can eainoly look back upon the scene through which we have passed , and , recounting our toil , trials , and troubles , our sacrifices and costs , see what it is , that" we have left undone that we should have done ; " and what it is " we have dene that we should bare left undone' *; and insteaJ of repining for the errors of the paac , look upon them as landmarks for the fattire . ! 4

      fe-Who that jwill enter into the consideration of the subject , bnt will perceive what a powerful helpmate in every stage of our past ptogrtaa , a Benefit Society would have * bdev ; and that it is therefore one of the things that . we " should hnvt » - < ii nsjbut which we have left undone ; " and teuing thutait m ao , there is boob too

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      much time to spare before we commence ibis necessary assistant of Chartism . | With a National Benefit Society , let as calculate what would be the advantages to be gained in its first stage of about one year's duration , —the time I propose each member shall subscribe before he is entitled to relief . To pat tbe thing at jthe lowest , for the sake of safe argument , we will suppose that we get ten towns with one hundred and twenty-five members , at twopence each per week . That will bring ia twenty shillings and tenpence per jweelc for each towu ; ot £ 54 3 s . 4 d . per year ; being for the ten towns the sum of £ 541 138 . 4 d . per year . ( Could we not take a farm and stock it with this sum ? [ and put several members on It to work it up to the highest state of cnitivatinn

      the land would bear T And could we not get twenty or thirty of tbe small towns aud villages to make up another £ 541 13 s . 4 d . per jyear among ( hem , which would make the sum of £ 1083 6 s . 8 d . Then we could take a larger form , and stock it with this sum . Aye , we could purchase a small estate , as the Sociaists have done ; paying £ 500 towards the purchase money , and the remainder by annual instalments ; and we could purchase stock with the remaining £ 583 6 s . 8 d . But would not some of our large towns and oities produce more than one hundred and twenty-fiv « j members to such a society ? Would not five hundred or pne thonsand be nearer the complement ? One town with five hundred members would produce £ 218 13 s . 4 d . Who will say that this

      would not be a good round sum to commence operations on tbe laud with ? and what artzin or labourer in employ , when he contemplates what great Rood may he done by the aggregate of those Twopences ; what provision may be thuBf effected ] against a " rainy day" for himself or family ; but will readily stint himself of Twopence weekly to procure it ?!! Let us put the chief sums I have set down ( together , and ponder over their total j—From tfjjjiiBty or thirty small towns and villaSe 8 .. J £ 548 13 4 , From ten large towns of 125 members each . j 541 13 i From ton cities and largejtowns of 500 members each j . 2166 13 4 Annual Total £ 3250 0 0

      Now , brother Chartists !| would not this be a grand sum to place in the hands jof Feargus O . Connor , » nd T . Duncombe , Esq ., M . P ., and Shorman Crawford , Esq M . P ., wherewith to purchase land for us , as our stewards ? Who would THEN dare to call ua " beggarly Chartists '' , or " jack straws " , or " tagrag " , or any other of the refined terms from tbe college vocabulary of the sprigs of wealth that are now so freely lavished upon us ? Above all , consider how man ; of our starving members we could employ by the judicious management of this sum on the land , or other raw material ] If we see clearly that so great & sum ,

      or half of it , eould be raised ] by our stinted pence , is it not worth a struggle to accomplish the task ? Once raised it would make happy homes for many of our brethren ; and , by their labour be annually increased to a considerable amount ; and when we bad succeeded in getting the chief part of our brother workies who are in employ into such a society , we should be able to employ all our members that from time to time might come upon the funds , besides drawing off a great quantity of the present unemployed that throng the labour market , and depreciate the price and value of all labour .

      It is our duty to start such a society for the purpose of giving employ to the hundreds ot our brother Chartists who have been thrown upon the wide , -world to starve by prejudiced employers for their adherence and advocacy of the cause of Chartism . Shall we continue to injure our cause by our neglect of the army of Chartiat martyrs r j It behoves as aa Christiana , patriots , and philanthropists , to establish such a society for tbe purpose of opening a field wherein to give employment and a comfortable home to the thousands of our fellow countrymen who are now perishing in wretched hovels , garrets , cellars , and in our streets , j We must do this , seeing that we have the power , or be content to wear the badge and bear the title of hypocrites .

      We are bound as mortals , by all the better fettling of our nature , to start such a society , for the purpose of providing on asylum for the law-made widows and fatherless children of our camp ; the widows , wives , and orphans of those noble , virtuous , and brave soldiers who have offered up their liberties and lives upon the altar of liberty for their Chatter aud our country ' s sake . Yes , my fellows , the necessities of the times apptal to all our natural aud national virtues ; to all that is good within ua ; to awaken bur mightiest energies , and seek by a union of all the power of our command to remove tbe cup of bitterness , which avarice , tyranny , and oppression is now ma&ing our order drink to the very dregs !

      The Land it Is evident is the only means of escape from the dire scourge that , now hangs as a noisome pestilence over our once happy country . The Golden Plague , the iron Plague , the Fire Plague , hath overtaken ua in the world jof trade!—the Plague of Faction hath filled the Senate house , the judgmentseat , and tbe justice-hall ; [ from this combination of Plagues , nature's broad fields la the only help

      viachtna are fast overwhelming you ; go to the laud" ! We , of the Old World reply . » ' tbe fire machines have overwhelmed us ; wewant | the land . " Out nutiriog friend , O Connor , saith " the Land is the kemedy , " and sheTsyoa " how to get the land ; " and your humble fellow labourer hath , in "these letters , sought , by bis poor pcopeof language , to point out "the road to tbe land , " and to rouse your energies to commence the journey ! Th . 9 Socialists , many of them , have gotten on tbe

      land ; a body of men much smaller than tbe Chartists , and nut a tittle richer ; and what is to prevent a targe and important body , ancb as Wd are , from getting land ? Surely , nothing but perversness ; and surely we shall not be perverse !! What ! shall the Socialists be "Landed Squires" and we be " Landless Knights " ( mites )!! Common sense forbid it ! t > hai ! e of Couhett ! scaro us from such foolishness ! Hunt , arise and teach us how to live ! and until wu have thus learned , may hope support Your anxious brother , i GRACCHC 8 .

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      HOME COLONIZATION " . LETTER XIX . TO THE EDITOR OFJTHE NORTHERN STAR . Sir—The subject of my letter for this wetk ia an important one : " The abolition of all existing taxes and monopolies" ; but it must give way a little whilst I refer to what is of still greater moment at the present crisis , aud which occupies tbe chief portion of your paper of to-day , namely , a sound Organization of the people . I have already written so ] fully respecting this subject , that I should not make any remarks on it at piesent , but for the comments of Mr . Macpherson , of Aberdeen , whlsh indicate that I have failed to make myself clearly understood by him , I fear this may have been the case with many others . Mr . M . says , " That no extensive support can be got to any scheme which is net | under the effective control of the Immediate supporters ; or In other wordB , that the expensive machinery necessary for conducting a centralize 1 national movement will not be supported , and more especially if such centralized machinery be placed under tbe direction of an irrespon . sible bead , " f

      Ia this sentence there are two important misconceptions of my meaning . First . —That I wish torejiove the effective control of the movement , from its immediate supporters . Second . —That the President , by being placed at tbe head , would be irresponsible . With regard to the first . Whenever & sound Organization shall be formed on truly correct principles , in which the leading parties shall be actuated solely by the desire to promote the universal good , and these leaders shall have gained the experience which enables men to distinguish between theory and practice , talk and action ; when they shall have had their beings elevated to an equality with their desires and hopes for their fellowmen , then will they Bo : n be enabled to lay before the public such p \ aos as shall , by their general benefit , and easy practicability . attract the confidence and early support of all . !

      It is ot such an association only that I have written ; and whenever tbe people Bball be sufficiently alive to the union of the selfish with the universal interest of man , they will not fail immediately to seeb the latter , as they will find that it is much easier to obtain the universal than any fragmentary portion . This however , can only be sought after in proportion as men ' s minds can be elevated from tbe low and depressed condition in which all have hitherto been placed ; and although at present an Organisation different from that which I may most strongly desire may be adopted , bo one can rejoice more than 1 do ab the progress we are all making towards the right end . j it will be remembered that I placed too selection er election of the president , treasurer , and auditors , locally and generally , in the hands ] of the members ; and proposed that they should be at all tlraea free to change any or all of these officers whenever their conduct appear to require it . j

      With respect to the president of such a society being irresponsible ; when tbe subject shall be viewed practically , nothing wi 1 be found to be more erroneous . Tbe responsibility that will be fixed npon him will be , that of carrying out the principles on which the association shall be formed . It is true that up to this period in numberless instances , leaders have been found inadequate to the position thejj have sought ; . Many have when power has been centered in them , forgotten the objects for which they have associated . But these thlnirs canuofc be productive of much evil if the main body are It is far better

      intelligent . to allow the powers and faculties of any man who becomes sufficiently consDi cuous to obtain such a position , to be fully developed than that he shoald be thwarted and counteracted bv thosa around him ; or that bfsball be allowed , in case of failure to throw off hia responsibility upon others and say that but for them he sho ' uld have acted diffexentlv An enlightened people , —knd none others will seek such objects as I propose .-Wu ssoa diseero wh £ the * affairs are being ri « htl ^ conducted ; * £$ ?* Si'lf L . 2 ? enei 0 P sly Whilat it is necessity ; they will not think of impeding or frustrating the views

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      of the president for the purpose of exhibiting their own self-importance ; they will try by every suggestive and other mode they can adopt to support and strengthen him for the attainment of their mutual object : bat if these things fail , they will then in a spirit of kindness and love toll him that be is inadequate to his task , and must give way to some one who ia better qualified for the position . The time has passed when even in the irrational manner in which the affairs of men are now conducted , any person can long retain a leadership for which he is unqualified . Public opinion is now too far advanced for an evasive policy to serve any cause . Men l ; ve the truth ; aud if it can be proved to be cotisistent witb their self-interest it will soon be supported and Hiade triumphant . Let the Association then be based on the three great truths : —

      x—That the character of man is improved or otherwise by the circumstances by which be ia aurreunded . 2—Tb&t he has not the power to believe or disbelieve at his pleasure . 3—That he mnst love or hate according to tbe impressions made upon him . Let the object bought be the well-being and happiness of every individual of the human race ; and let sou d practical means to obtain this , object be placed bef « re the public at the present crisis , and a power shall be immediately evoked that will soon silence all the personal pretensions of individuals to retain the presidency of such an Association unless they are the most fitted that can be procured . I find that I am pursuing this sutject at greater Iesgth than I intended , for which I offer as an apology

      its extreme importance ; but as many opportunities will yet occur for my agaiu reverting to it before the Or ^ animtion will be formed , and aa I am mil aware that we had much better tike one even less complete , if more adapted to the public taste , I shall not press tbia matter further , bnt leave it by saying that I am extremely gratified at seeing the attention it is receiving in your columns , —aa I am confident the day is fast approaching when the people must be » prepared to adopt the advice given them by Sir Robert Peel , and " take thei * affairs into their own hands , " or they will find that the increased powers and inventions uhich are t- ! aily being brought fortbSand placed ic cotnpetitition with them , will renae * the lot of man miseraUle beyond conception .

      To revert then to the foutth point of the Preliminary Chiirter , the abolition of all existing taxes and monopolies . What can be more rational than such a course , and what more easy of attainment 7 We may sea what can be done by a tiuali body of men , the Anti-Corn Law Leage , whose abject is to remove one single inipuat , which impost is the supposed main stay and support of the majority of the members of both Houses of Parliament Hut for the indifference ¦ with -which this movement ib looked upon by the peopk * . at > -i the dislike they have for the promoters of the nmasuie , the Corn Laws could not be held even through the present session . What then can ever be long withheld from

      the united voice of the luajestic people , seeking the welfare and happiness of all ranks , classes , sects , and parties , and ready to support that peace and order which will soon be beyond all value , to those poor beings who have hitherto been taught to consider themselves the great ones of the earth ? Where is the opposition to come from that will be enabled to resist , of that will attempt to resist , the abolition of all existing taxes and monopolies after a property tax shall have been agreed to be substituted ? The measure may appear large and startling at first ; bui it will soon be found to be so easy , practical , and advantageous , that all will good wonder how any other system could ever have been supported .

      Look at the present complicated and enormously expensive manner in which the revenue of this country is raised . It would really appear as though £ very inventive faculty of man had been brought into requisition to torture and annoy himself and to prevent peace or happiness being found in society . Instead of developing tbe immense resources which are continually being found to exist for promoting the general happiness , every impediment that can possibly be thought of is thrown in the way of producing wealth ; and when production does really take place in spite of every obstacle , then all the power that society can raise is brought together to prevent an equitable distribution .

      Take , for instance , the great leading ai tides of consumption in this country . Tea , coffee , sugar , spirits , malt , and tobacco , which are all hemmed in by most fearful and terrific imposts ; aud the expences which are necessarily incurred to provide for tbe continuance of these imposts are beyond all estimate ii money value . The most fearful and disorganising passions are excited by the attempt made to smuggle and . to repress smuggling ; whilst the frauds caused by desiring to evade duties , are sufficient to ruin every individual who has anything like the moral sense of desiring to act in accordance with that which he is obliged to declare it is honourable to perform .

      Toe delinquencies which are daily being brought to light of the manner in which some frauds are committed bear no proportion whatever to thusa which still avoid detection . Could the people once be fairly rousad to a sense of the manner in which many who are called honourable men aro obliged to act to retain their positions , they would soon take care these things should no longer bo . By the abolition of all existing taxes and monopolies , an immense number of persons who are uuproductively employed , and are consequently living by the exertions of others , would be enabled to give their attention to the producing of those things necessary for the general good ,- ' and your readers will have to remember that in the system I am treating of there will be plenty of

      labour to perform . We shall have ail too lauds not only in this country , but in due and progressive order , of all the habitable globe , to survey , map-out , and cultivate to the very highest point which the daily increasing intelligence of the science of agriculture will permit —we shall have to well drain those lands , and to direct tbe water courses from the source of each river , through the whole of its extent , in such a manner that it shall irrigate , fartilfea , and ornament the land to the highest point of utility and beauty that our finest minds in this department will be enabled to suggest ;—we shall have bare to carry horticulture , botany , and general garden * Ing to the highest point of perfection , to supply superior fruits , flowers , and vegetables in abundance , aud to give to every individual those refined tastes which will

      assist him in advancing to that superior state , of existence which the daily increasing inventions of the age uow shew may be easily attained by all , when the being of man shall be cultivated as it ought to be , and would be under rational arrangements . We shall have to find the localities of all the various metals , earths , coals and other requisites for general use , and the manner in which they can be supplied with the greatest economy of time , labour , and capital , that they may be placed abundantly within the reach of all . We shall have to lay out and make a system of roads best adapted to promote the most rapid and friendly intercourse among all people ; and we shall have to erect superior dwellings for all , on the plana best adapted to suit their governing intelligence and taste .

      It would be easy and pleasant to go on enumerating many other things that will require our attention when the present rude and irrational manner of performing tbe affairs of life shall be superseded ! but I see my usual apace is filled . There is one thing however we must never forget , which is , that this business may immediately be commenced if the psople will it in unity . . Unity will never ba obtained until the psople determine oa placing their individual wills into the hands of the person who may be found the most competent to carry forward the movement , ; nor until they are themselves sufficiently enlightened by experience to discern when those in whom they may confide shall deviate from the principles on which tbe Association shall be formed ; as those alone will render it possible to obtain tue object that is to be sought

      We may , however , rejoice and be exceedingly glad at the ' p ' rogress which is now making . Each uay , each hour , -teems with events of great importance to the human race ; not a moment should be lost ia preparing ourselves for the great and mighty struggle which is to arise , when the individual and selfish nature of man shall give way to bis desire to promote the universal good . I am , Sir , your obedient aeivant , William Galpiit . Concordiam , Hani Common , JSurrey , July 15 , 1843 .

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      RoBBEBY os a RaIlway . —Information was given on Wednesday week at the Leic ^ cr station , ota robbery that had been committed unonaJady whi st travelling along the London and Biroiin ^ ham Kailway . The lady in question , was returning to Leicester , tvhen she fonnd , upon feeling for her tioket , that 8 he had been robbed of £ 40 . An engine was immediately despatched to Rugby , whera it was ascertained that the party suspected had tak * na noises

      ipr Hampton , and thence to Derby , at which station he took another ticket for Rugby again . JJie engine continued its coarse , and oatao up with tfle tram at Lctughborough , following it to Leicester ; where an examination of the passengers took place , and toe lady identified one of them as her late- fellow traveller , ; whereupon he was searched , and the whole otthe missing property waa found upon him . The laoy coDjeotarea the robbery was effected in Kilsby tunnel . -

      Isthhos 0 * PiNAHA . —Al a late meeting of tbe Acadamy of Sciences at Paris , M . Arago mado a communication of the steps that have been taken towards the great work of cutting through the isth mus of Panama , which ha * been so long talked of , bat which many persons have regarded as chimerical . According to this communication , a contract has been entered into by Messrs . Baring and Co ., of London , with the republic of New Grenada , in virtue of which the republic is to cede to th ^ m the line required for the projected canal , with 80 . 000 acres of land on the two banks , and 400 , 800 acrei fn the interior of the country . Messrs . Bariog aai Co . had , it is said , in the first instance , fixed the amount of toll for the navigation t > f the canal at the exorbitant price of 28 f . per ton , but they havo reduced it to 8 f . The work , npos which from 4 , 0 uU to 5 . D ; : 0 tnea are to be engaged , is to be completed in fi \ v years " . '

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      _ THE NORTHERN STAR - t 7

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      Commercial Transportation Co . ' a General Passage Office . Three Boats leave Albany daily . Passengers forwarded , without delay , to TJOca , . Cleveland , O ., Rochester , Detroit , Mich ., Iiockport , Chicago , 111 ., Buffalo , Toronto , U . C . O « wego , Pittsburgh , And all parts of the Western Country . Waters and Norton , agents , 23 , Water , Coiner Broad * street , New York . " No . 2 . New York , Sept SO , 1842 .

      Mb . Pitkethlt , Sir , —Ia the few words I had with you this morning , relative to tbe impositions practised on emigrants that arrive at this port from foreign countries , by a gang of known thieves , pickpockets , gamblers , and the lowest class of mankind called runners , I promised . you an account ) ef a trick play « d on a passenger Who paid his fare in this office , to go by the line I represent in this city—the Rail-road Express Line , The facts are simply these : —The man got his receipt In the morning ; and before evening , some of the runners had persuaded him that there was no such line , and

      that lie must have another receipt from them , as theirs was the true office . Well , he thought to make sure of & passage , so bought the second ticket by a eanal line as he supposed ; and in doing so they robbed kirn « f the ticket he had from me ; and I saw him at Albany , next morning , required to see hia receipt , in order to give bim rail-road tickets , when to my surprise , and his cost , he told me the-runners had taken it from him . This is only & single case ont of thousands ; and tbia man was one of the migrating Yankees from one of the Eastern States . :

      I am happy to contribute anything that may have & tendency to put down tbe evil and fraud practised on strangers by the runners , as 1 havo reputation in common with the agenta of the different forwarding lines in this city . I am most glad to see the , good work so vigorously commenced by yourself . As for the passage prices , they have been as follows , through the greater part of this season : —One dollar from Albany to Buffalo , for each passenger : this low price is in consequence of opposition ; the regular fare is one cent per mile , on tbe canal , and no board , or two cents , per mile ] with board ; though many are taken for one and a half cents- per mile , board included ; and I will carry all I can get at this low rate , this season , and there are'otber good lines that do the same thing . CANAL PRICES PROM ALBANY .

      Rales of ; Passage as they are . To Buffalo , 1 dollar 00 cents . Luggage , OOlbs . To Rochester , 75 do . Do . 70 de . To Jess distance , 75 do . Do . 70 do . The above you will readily see are prices by which every line must lose money by , for they pay on each passenger to the State 33 cents , as a duty cr tolL

      Raits as they should bs . To Buffalo , 3 dollars SO cents . Luggage , 75 cents . To Rochester , 2 do . f 50 do . Do . 60 do . To Syracuse , 2 do . 00 do . Do . 50 do . This is the fair living price , and in no instance have I taken more from any passenger , either this of any preceding season . Now I will give yon the prices and route of the line I represent , and the advantages over the canal lines ; from New York to Albany , by regular passage steamboats ; from Albany to Schenectada , by rail-road ; from

      Scbenectada to Syracuse , by light freight packet ; from Syracuse to Rochester , by rail-road ; again from thence to Buffalo , by railroad or canal , as the party going may chose . Yon see at » glance that I get my passengers to Rochester in three days' ; this being in leaa time than they generally get to SchenectaUa ; and the reason iB , they go in tow-boats from New York to Albany , and from Albany io Scbenectada , round a distance of twenty-nine miles , with twenty-Dine locks to pass the greatest number on any part of the canal . This is no fiction , as you know , having travelled the road yourself .

      I will give yon & list « f prices , by my Use , with the time from each place to the next . Time . Cabin . Dack . hours . doL ' cts . cts . From New York to Albany , ... 10 l 50 50 From Albany to Schec rail-road 1 0 50 From Scbenectida to Syracuse canal ... 46 2 50 From Syracuse to Rochester railroad ... 6 2 00 F . om Rochester to Buffalo canal 26 1 00 Detention to shift at the different — — points , one hour each , .. 4 7 CO 650

      103 Here you have all I could get on this sheet , which your friends may rely on as being the true statement . Respectfully yoms , John P . Speer , Agent Railroad Express Line , via steamboat , railroad , and eanal , for TJtica , Syracuse , Rochester , and Buffalo , and to all ports in Upper Canada , saving six days through , in time , asd tbe cheapest and most pleasant route , at canal fare , j fly Qo * d Accommodations for passengers , aud light freights carried . Apply on board the steamboat "WasVihgten , foot of Robinson-street , or to J . P . Speer , and KeUogg and Blasaon , 100 Broadstreet

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      I number those letters for the purpose of reference . No . 1 speaks plainly for itself respecting the cormorants which tbe emigrant must expect to meat on the otber side ; but 1 confess that a difficulty exists in ny mind with respect to carrying out the proposition of the writer of paying the fare not only to New York but to the Far West . Jt certainly would prevent the valtures from preying upon them at the landing place , but without new arrangements among the shippers it could not be done ; while the propoaition I have before-meBtioned of having an accredited agent at the port would be much better . The suggestion of naving protecting ar .. * . ii » dij . ^ -enTA tit London , Liverpool , and other v « - i <¦•¦ . i > agree !•¦; an > l ftel assured that ineal-CBlit . ' - : >• V . 3 wi . uj-t )>> the ! f-: « n ! f .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), July 22, 1843, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct491/page/7/