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    SES ^^^ S ^ OKSTBATION . -. .. ^ f ? ?? oifr owt-Beggrler . ) ¦ 3 H ^» 2 a *> eeB : said ^ boot the . Great Demon-,,, - rii - ^ ^^" t ^""* ¦""" ' «* » 6 th ult , and much } & ? && § egsSe& every true Radical , still more will , g ^^ K ^ . i © . said . J about- the Demonstration on ^ ^ gaSi ^ L' ^ :. |> londa Vlast , aodInfinitely more i iMtrt ViBjfrVfTi-ry TTuin wlw leels kninterest eithe r ^ aito ^^ iw ^^ wlftbonriDg classes in -particular , ¦ M ^ fer ^ efic ^^ fnift ^ atlfity ^ a ^ pnwpferiiy of the ngCHBftaal ^^ M ^ ^ 3 ch ' tf SmninghazD Demonstration ^ araaBsatfMcbjfcfWj-jtfiafe ever was witneftjedin xtasseca ^ v - 'S ^ . MtuichJriteE Demonstration has TfTTT-rfrfiVnT-i ^ iit' nf-fiirmiiig t' ° * TV aait was pos adSb # c » B » - * aift » ejWeea wither . - « ; , * * 9 « jBSM »«* ffo »«; -te » re ibeen used J » th by the ~ && 3 B * i& ' 'Sse ? mfo . ^ 3 ^^ &t ^ toaQty t » = render the tuan it

    2 s *»« ste 3 y * ¥ g * SVtf ffiift r ^ AlW fiecetfsaruj ^ oS ^ &ifc- * SS » 'iabsk " ah 3 il'by'tri < : k 8 , ' snbtfrfteeg , and ^ SBJ ^ fclteJ ^ Tfeen hl ^ recoTirse to for this par * •^ if ^ ^ Sic . ' h ^ t-iw ^ ti-cprAable wrre cirCTlaf ed to ~ « ig * Wf rfTi iTfTTiMJlii fir a » d MBongitothtreit was i tMiiTfnpli' -Yrrjy jiT the raft t&r ? quartered in thi > iWlTT Ti inTH ti&e place tra Kersa \ -mobr { the place 1 £ ^ lur * . . f ^ aa tho \ J- It was thought . that this I f ¦ '" "jiM ^ iHji ^ iiifTr YTir report that the soldi ers t ^ jwieeSfc ^ fcHt sRJj [ $ d ; C ! gS . to" jheni . & quantity of ball-—nilj i . Ttriiil ill tnr Miaftrs . from attending the

    win ^ iT-rni also stated that an * , parties who iTifctiTiif- •^¦" tVTtf ¦ fnnil rhrfnitonV iV-tfrrirh they jHjl ' in'Ur . j ' fTfrir fhe ^ ntpvfe-ofatten&ixfff Ah emeet-S ^ t ^ Swfe'&r ^ instantJt y discharged . All these at-« raf £ r ,,. S 3 » s « w , have iw ^ a ^ rnstratpd— -the meeting 23 K 43 tei »( B « 4 * to . oe a . de * noii > tration of the "feelsicad&iiBrjwpJe of the north . The following _ . JtOaaejvq ^ i ^)^ bas been rpgAU'hed »^ throughout the < awiij ja&j&aily oootradjcted the Whig rumours ^ tanSrw » jpjfea"A tu ; -and as positively proved that ^ afcasateetots-exprHtsed et the meeting were r * * ^ u i'i & »« ag&atotianal assembly : — '

    ' r ^ FALS ^ ALARM J *** 5 SS £ aHS > sple of Mancbetferand thp surround-¦ * ¦ 2 ^ * S «* BSj Hamlets , and Village *! : sfS > fi ^ Jb «; 3 t * and onTonnded rnmnnrs having been « n % 62 i £ - ] i' ^ ate to the Uxva t Radical Denionstra-3 BS 3 iSss 4 J-at > Jaie p lace «* Rersal Mo « r on the 24 th rass ^_ -sw a& * 3 JBippy in beiiyg sible to lay before rhe ^ na £ Sp-ie *> 2 knrin « facw : —The Marshals , Messrs . "g g ^^ gWwAi pnfl $ R . Richardson , having been rage-kg * Ve ibe " authorities to wait upon them ¦^ ia asss-5 * ib * above mi-etiug . Mr . E . Nightingale , SKsabc ^ i ^ dljj Mr . J . JWriie . ( Mr . R . beiug absent isafe ^ Sjftai . Riwilcitl Meeting iu London . ) did , in ^ r-a « % Bt e .- ^ girh . snch wisli , attend npon t ' . 'em this 2 as »! £ K £ -a 3 sSe-Toirn-haJl , and were received in the r 3 ^ Ka > = rt » vrEsiEauDer , and obcai&ed from them the r 2 £ fc * £ for * e ? : <» ct that no intrntion had evrr vxistt-d 2 »* ft > is «* 5 »!? to interrupt th ^ peaceable-and legal ZZf 3 rsrTzrm . 5-v £ xbe nweriiig . Knowing as we do that

    saassfc ^ jasaSLCtaainiuiitif * * pme evil-disposed persons Ta& 9 x ^ v « 3 > t ? Jo pike advantage of tne unguardei . 'StewKaas ^ ^* of il ; nicbester , atthe earnestsulicitatJtawSri ^/ irpQtatii'n , huv < - , iu lhemost handsome SBC 5 . < s ^? w » aljrtr with thr-ir wi > h , and have con--ajstoi » J ?< K ^*' . T a nani !; t > r of the Manchester police-« Sfe-- ^ i i ^ t iXf iD rr * iue- < s upon the g < "i » uudr . not that t ^ x ^ 3 e ?^^ 5 i -hen-i \ f of a breach of ihat tranquillity ^ CaEttSsfe-SfHis fnundation peace , law , order , by the -3 K 3 ress » £ i » , bat tu npprthrtid any thieve * or . vag .-iiS 3 s : se *«^ i * izr 3 y ce itrU-ctrd follovciug thtdt un lawful I 5 EEas 3 rsi Seitel ihiaiti&necessary romatethi > ^ B ^ aostsef ^ in order , to alhiy the . frnrs of the xsaK ^ . s siJ Mctj'jnteract the mischiet that may arise T 0 sasi-skc ^ ar : o : i of Tiafeiundeil reports , ln ' con-5-ae > a 5 S 3 i 6 . » e-vaJiiesd _ v reqnest all well-disposed per-. ^ BPrf& » sL-t ih * offict-rs in the discharge of their ¦ 3 » SSB ?» iiSfci a » i dtuinTing . bnt that sucn call will ^ as ^ JtcafQciysjaiided 10 br ail RadicalRjeformern .

    " ^^ 2 £ a aB ?\ IGnTIXGiLE , " *^ JL _ ilK-HARDsds ( having returned ) , "' * ' " ¦ ' ¦ Miirsoals . ^ ^ K ? & ^* >? , S . 'pt . l 9 , 1838 . " ¦ ' A-fewgp-fc Jie many iucendv ? a- to the people of - ^ oBtSsa * - Jo exhibit their political opinions on ^ Stts ^ ssssaasa , aa adcrtiss from the Ij <» ndbn Wurking i ^ icaiif ^ itdy * ia . e »» . was wiuely circulated iu the -raea ^ i ss 5 i ; yi cunsi . irrable elfect in can si ug the Sa& »»« £ - 13 , jbe tijvru , -its nt-ighlinurhbod . nnd ^ a ^ astoa-tS ^ acnsh-rf , u > he clnsetf—Wh : g ; s Torief , £ a ^ ei : * & £ « iL s * iie owners of factories , have been ** a ^ 5 ^ J =-Sv i ? gu ; - iliem . up fur the day—Ihc people - ~* B 3 esr ; =- ' svS 5 a » ijMid that this shnuld " be . so . ' This , 3 jss-iz ^ it-a ^ nther circtiiisiance , pn » ve positivel y . ^ WKSS / viiijjet . vcrtitbe . opfraQve and the master as ^ a » - ^ Siar . > Tsi ? rij earfly " brttlcen by t ; .-e former-than ^ 3 fc- ^ i * s ^ scid zh&t thf . p eople , by passive re .-istano ? , aBS ^ -Ji * a * j jj « ni .:. d the po ^ er of rectifying aad " - ^ aa si f . i > -irii-nrn srievaiiCfS .

    - £ ir-. ^ RSsaJn' js oi die Manchpster Union met isfcjw . ^ vsi'S u ' clocl , in Smithtield , fur the purpose ^^( . w- wjisi to ah ^ . jrrouud . and the following is 3 iAsSr . 3 . y . a yjucss . i- on " taken by them , and by the 5 * sjyt&a-i £ "iitiarroiiuduig districts , the order of the « . - ?« 2 &i-ssi&vsa some of widch we have beea but ; v «^ aS ^ .. tiaiilt'ii to \ earn , many of them havfnsf ^ st * at ii . tbf ground wuholit tne order in which : asfcfc ! zts > -jasrsaaUed haiing been aniiouncad . " '

    saDia of procession . 'y 3 r > Tnnspefe » rs on horsebaclr . l ^ r 5 ^ E ~ 54 i ? s < ry . >? Lghriugale and Ricbnrdson . ^ Zz £ &z * z-z £ -Lu » it > --A bbiirfle of R . » ds ried together . 3 l 2 uchesier Concert Baud . Is ^ ti" 5 iii BiniEf r of the Union , ~ -i ?^ E » c > n © rj 5-. v :- } e afi ^ cre . of Jo ^ tici * , holdins in ^ ss 6 auK-.-i .-iHi « -. i-iiiv , sappuried by the Britiph Lion , iiswsd ^ Kas ^ Wisd oinr Fuity . Peace , and Strength , . * SBXvS 5 cr <« Kv rv Briu-h Siainiard , with the motto , ^ : ^ 5 ka * _ \ a *\ Order . " - lnscripti » - > D— "Manchester ^ r ^ sriJ ifsi-jn . " Hewrs *— " Univer > - » 1 Suffrage , - ^ Eaat . 5 ij £ Sa 35 eEtf , and . Vote by Ballot . " ' / Ss ? . « 5 £ *> 35 f « t . President . Vice-Prpsident . St&x&f&Lz ^ U-jonier— ' Rep ' t-aloftiie NewP ^ ior Law , "StessaKv-r . Secretary . Treasurer . l % t ^ £ > -x * L Bauiirr " . Banner . ZZ £ z £ * zL a >^ c ? Er ^ aiid , Harp of Erin , Thistle of

    tSvOtian-J . . "• ¦ ^ eS ^ GKn . ^ U . Rr ^ eu drgold . ^ Tii'e&gold . T&i'i v-ii- ^ s iLe C ^ mjuiilee fi > nr abreast . _ p irz ?^ i > is from the conn try fonr nbreast . ~ Ti £ * & . 5 = iex . Unio , Jack . ^^ i ^ .:- ~ u ^ - £ x 2 . T ± ner-of the Universal Saffnige ^\» od ; itiou . ~ isr ! fe- ? gj ^ jft-77 ca oi ; : ! J weal ? I ;—Liberty tt Equality Stisiv-iil . t ? ii' . i * . » liiic : tl Union foor abte-it . ~ "Co . i . District Marshals . ' 2 i ^ . ^< . Forf ^ t ^ rs' BnssBand . Uiiioii Baimtr .

    T ^ 3 r ! fTss -j-wted on a roc ^ , mropling on the -. ' : * £ s * -i ^ 4 a . >^> : isin , lu .-Liing in her n ^ ht h-ind the :. 't 4 ' st ^* 'C-J ^ -jxuiii ' , ; = i : n ; : u : ] n ; fd by a cap of liberty , r-staiaC ^ i-v . W . id the ^ People ' s Cbarujr , " while ¦^ sa sSKR ^ ib- * - ! roiiM-s 10 mninunn the Charter ; - the % 3 fe 3 isn « . T ^ j > : f ^ iu a ^ t -micirt-le owr her head , — ¦¦^ jx& r . ; wi-a *¦> b-f irr ^ , " us sufficient that she - « iJx . ' -c ? 5 s-= « v *^ - 7 Enelaii'l . expects every man , this

    • 2 s * s ^ - ^*> hii ticiy . ^ ' sasfr s ^ . ^ i-nra-f . coLl- letters shaded , cap of ^ ii 3 S ^_ - > ir u ^ r ? , " Universal Suffrage , " w Vole b y . liall » r . " - ^ iJe 2 i _ J > t-rs " cf ibf Union . ^ fe ^ r J 5 k ?^< 7 . —5 i : ? cripii » in—^ -iSiret-s- ^ ? i ? t > icn ^ n ' -iit to make taxes , we are too £ jCi- ? £ 5 Sii 2 la ^ ny tbeia . . - *!? 6- ^* r ^ s ^ r . -i-. j -: io . -j Tjc to make " lawS i we are too rxarxxi ; io (>! ii » v ! li-m . " "

    - ; - ^ &sv<—rur . i- ; . vri ! portrait of Henry Hunt , Esq . JS&ss&t-z — _~' il : e janu ^ bo nevt-r drtierted the ^ s * Ax- ¦ S 4 ss s waut-oi man—chief bond of our ^ aSty- ^ sfis ^ i 3 ? ijfi-h .-r * of the Association , four abreast . _ Tfe&jt?—L 5 .-r ; ui-r Arms , of the Trade . —Mot'o , &V ) - ^ , j n , ;; riu ja > nce . '—Members Jo :: r abreast / Z § z £ 52- ± z , ~ £ r ~ . —> i : iin .-hoter Boroagh Band . —Ban-: " 3 eetffe ! B .-& : » t iLh Tr ade , inscription . Steam-ei : gihe ists- > -fed-Sr . I ^ jr . ikfrs' Friaiulj Socinty . Motto , "ffet- ^ --tai .-. " i : as ;; rig ' . ' . wo one \ "oteintne choice ol ^ ai 3 f »» -v ^;! ju v—i t belou ^ s to-him in his right of _ 5 « s-a *> ..-, : ~ sU his person is his title-deed . '—5 lem-^ vfefc aci aJ .-isr-, ^*

    ^» = * a * . o Fakkieiis . —Banner of the Trade . — ^" ^^ ss , >> _ r iibrea- ;! , Wr-aringcew white leather 7 j ^ - ' ^ ^ a-. us : « j : bl . ' = ms of riie trade . -pas s ^ - .-sw V . '^ EnnrRiGHT ^ . —Eanner , * Whee 'ssiR ^ p . » xl Uiar ? k Kniihs' Society . ' Reverse , * Loya 3 ¦ ^ ^ a ^ - ' - ^ sorit-ty on the o ' rder of charityi ' - ^ - ujSsxs 4 » r >> lsiui aDK-ast ; : ¦ ¦ '¦*¦'¦ _ Jtes »; SHiinriis . —^ fars ' ^ John Franlclin . ^ ssw . - ^ . ^ - ' ^^ ff age , -Anxinul Parliaments , ^ a ^ 5 -W- ; » t » No Pru pmy . QaaEficatiouV atfd i ^ S ?*^ l % * * - "* fi' *? i ? fir tbar s ^» ' Reverse , _ ^ St ^ K " U > Cicty of Fastaiii-sljearers . Members ^ Ssaas&o * : ^ -i : vi > Joi . Nrr . s . —Nf .-. rsbaly , Messrs TS ^ ia 3- iir-i-- "' i " ' Banner of the trade . " * Mem-2 * a ^ Si ? ti-JeZiU

    .. ^ S 3 s . 5- ' } &-l >> wr and Shoemakers . —Enaapr , bear- ' ~ -zs £ &u > &-2 * . i-zu-i orijer iiiii ^ nui uf the trade . Alottp , * % iSi ^ i' » - ipa iiilaln oar rights imiilate ; pro . * - >^ w ^ a-i ! llirjuitno- ^ s of our cause . ' Rerer * e . ' Se&i .-as-SLUv li ^ LKutiou of Boot aud Shoemake rs . ' ¦ 28 ^ s&tf >* £ sjriii -reasC ' " _ 3 «^ 3 i ^ ^• -fcrMAsrRS—Banner of the trade , with 2 ® £ 3 tt < 2 * 5 ii *« ' iibrrait . . " ^^^¦^ wei . It . —Marshal , Mr . Birtwistle ; ^ JOaeawSig ^ i Branch of the Northe rn Union ; Sgg ^ Sis i ' wpWs Charter , ' encircled withxo ^ e , ygyty r MtQ as .-iinrock . ¦ ^ f ^ . ^ " - ~ MaishaJ 3 f " Mr . 5 ^ ameS ¦ agVt j Joie P ; . Ta «; two bands of iflu 4 c . ^^^* V ^ . J - f' ^ Hights of Man ; ' 2 , 'wLfte ig ^ HHiBicrsjl inffrage , ATiauaParJiamemi , aaJ ^ . ader ^ B « i iot ; ' Tue blood-stained fla ^ d ^ fefe >^ . £ ^ 0 i ffe know oar ri ght ^ - aadwe

    Untitled Article

    will have them ; ' 4 , green and . white , . Rememtier the ; factory chillren ; taxation Without representa ^ ti ' on is nnjust ; ' 5 , green , * The jights of the I people f 4 For- a nation to be free , it is enough that * he wills it ;* 6 , green , The voice of the people cannot be withstood ; ' * Taylor , the unflinching friend of the people ;' r . 7 , green , * Those who will be free , knock of your chain *; ' ' United we stand , divided we fall ; ' 8 , white , ' The Rochdale district of the National Convention . ' : Prestwich . —FlagK . Marshal , Mr . Dickenson . -The Band . The followine banners were algo exhibiled : — w"May Erigland ' g sons be firm and united , " And never relax iu their exertions unril the last o i their 6 ppres « 6 ns and slavery ' j * last chain are the last

    tyrant » grave shall be " riven in twain ; " reverxe , *• Prestwich and Pilkington Union , " motto , " The lbosdng . bf the discontented spirits of the age . " Two Iricolourfings . - - -Middletow . —** Labonr shall . be represented . " M They that be slain ; with the sword are better than they that be slain with hunger * for these pure iaway stricken ; throngh for want oj . thefruiu of the . {{ eld . ' ** Mav we legislate for ourselves , diat oar ^ chiMren bereafter may bless o « . " "Tbe prosperity- of a nation depend * on ihe excellency pf ^ ts govcrnnient and : legiuiadoh . " ? Libertt and fifaterninp , unity and Vtrength . " —( A flag ^ hat was at Feterloo , ) " Middhftda Working Meh * s Association ; Equal righto and equalOaws ? " Middleton Wbodj UuiversalSuBrajje , Annual PaTliaments Vote by

    Ballot .- " To legislate' we will bt > gin T oar-country s birthright tp wiu—Mflgha . Charts and : the Bili ot Rights . " " Annual Parliwnents , Univeroal Suffrage , Vote by Ballot , and No Property Qualification for Members of Pnrhament . Come letns be united together in brotherly love , our righto and liberty to gain . " ' . " .- - . The morning was a lowering one , but netwiths tan ding this crowds of persons began to assemble in thw streetB shortly after day-break , and mauy of the processions from the country had arrived by uinn o ' clock . The various trades of Manchester assemblrnl in Smitiifield , and , previous to their marching for Kersal-mooT , presented a formidable appearance in respect to numbers . The Moor is nearly four miles distant from Manchester , and tbe ground tijceJ fur the meetiiig is that upon which the Manchester rawH take pbvee . The hustings were erected near

    the Stamf-liDUee , and iu such a posiiion that tbev were surround »* d by an amphitheatre of at least fifteen acres , every person upon any portion of the ground , being enahl ^ d . to see all that pa . * si * d . All along the line of road from Manchester the footpatws were thronged to excess , and iu theerea before tbe old collegiate church , which overlooked the line of pr . fcessiou , there were many thousands of femal e * Wsembled . By twelve o'clock one half the ground was occupied , and the immense multitude even at thdt t ime presented a truly awtul appearance . Before oiifi 9 'clock , however , tne groond was completely ocenpied , and the iceeting then was certaiulj the largest that" has eve . rtak » -n place in the liriiish empire—not Ihss than 300 , 000 persons could hi « ve then bem present . As the vanou » speakers arrived uuon . the twstiugs they were loud . y cheered .

    At about ten minutes to one o'clock , the proceedings cjmm need . John Fieloen , Esq . M . P . for Oldham , was unanimously cnlleu to the cnair , amid very loud and enthusiastic cheering , ami when the hands were held up in approbation of the motion the sight was tme of the inost spien « iid we * ver wiiuessed . He sai .-l they w-iv a >* e : u : ; led there in large nuinbew to per'orm a pubh' c du : y , It had been tne practice ol Ilia yeOf iia of £ u tflauJ ) nmi time iinTDeiiioriji ] f < j meet iu large numbers to make kuowu their grievances to the Tulers of th ? people iiud demand redres < , and ne . tru-ted th-tt" practice-wi > ul . i never cwish ; to prevail until they had obuiiued Uniwrsul Suffraee . X Loud cheers . ) Bat rhe practice of

    meeting in large numbers extended lar beyond the History of lhe people of England . In tbe days of old them was one whhjw ] Hrhemixh , vtjio , vcheu thti p * H ) pie were- oppressed with tuxes , ruid under a tyramncal guverumeu , raised up a large assembly ag . dust the nuLle * of tlie land , and demanded the redress of their grievance * ,- ( cheers)—and that they should ceise to exact usury from them . Might heaven grant that our nobles and rulers might be as wist > as they were in the ' -days of" Nehemiah , and deliVi-r the people from that , - ** rions loa < i of taxation under which they laboured . ( Loud cheers . ) They W : th all : ! ware that la ge meetings had taken place at Birmingham , Newcastle , Ediubro ' , Glu > goiv , and London , unving the prwmotiou of the same objects

    iu view lor which they wrre mel , that was , express ing lo tbe nobles and rulers of the . laud , by petition , that they insisted on every man of them who had arrived at the age of twenty-one years , aud were untainted by crime , having a voice iu tlie choo . "ii : g i >; t ! io * e by . whom they were to begoverued . ( Cheers . j Nothing <" ould be more reasonable tha-.: this demand-, aud if tbey would ouly conduct themselves as they had hitherto done , ai . d continue to persevere iu their demands for this just aud " neressary right , ihey would , he was persuaded , prevail in securing it . ( Cheers . ) But as the pre « « if the two iVictions had both uuited lor tUH purpose of showing that the pt-ople were nnfit to halve a voice in the choo-iug of theirrepresentatives , alow moments might iw i

    lie misspent iu . ansvreriug one or two ohjections which were nrged alike byi » oth th « Whiir ^ aud Tory Factions . TLe Editor of the Murning ( JJironicle bail said that tbepeople yet Were both pour n . ud iguorauL That they were poor he was quite willing to admit , but that they were ignorant he denied . ( Hear , hear . ) The working men of England were not only the must wise m their day and generation , but th » y were aiso the most clever , part ot the community to be fotmdiu the . island of lireat Britain . ( Cheer * ) But ttiis WluV scribe ? aid that because they were poor they had mo right to vote . ( Shame . ) Now , it iiovercy incapaciiafed men From o . » iiif £ the elective fr mch : se there , might be some truth in the argument ; but unless that scr ibe could show that becaus-e they

    were poor they were incapable of judging of tlieir reprejei « tHtive . < , then poverty was not a sufficient jiisrificatjon for withholding from them t e elective franchise , ( l . oud chi-ers . ) The Editor of the Muniing tViroiu ' had said -that property alone should be reurr- * eiiit ; d ; aud until the people could seenre tlie aD ' rtrtions of the possessors of property , until tbny ilid this they were not entitled to representation . Now . without representation they had nointere > tm th « j : Government . ( Hear , hear . ) He was one ol those that thought that tbe protection of life and h ' mbs and the promotion aud . pre . servation of happiiies ? , onglit to be stnoied by those who represent id the accumuliited propei ty . ( rieirr , hear . ) He was not robe secured in preference to any securirv of any

    people , ' anc the sale possesMon oi these things ought tbe only man iu England who thought to . The wisest mpu that perhaps ever ex i sted in the worldihefoanders of the ^ American Repnbh ' c -stated these thins ? . [ Mr . F . here quoted tru * authority . ] There vnrs not one single word about property in nil he had read . ( Hear , hear . ) The grew totajt-cl of government w ; is staled to bd tbe protection of property . Bat propeitv wns uot money at all : but the security of life and limb , and tbe promotiou of happiness were tbe three great concerns which those whu gmvru should endeavour to secure . ( Cheers . ) Tiie irgnment that because they had not property , they were di . « qnalined to vo e was unsound . " it was the most mischievous doctrine . The poor , h » wevrr . stood

    in ' greater need of tbe elective ¦ lraiicidse , because ' property was power , Jind they who piwsessed property did tint require n vote t » protect them , because tiivy tiad an admtiouaVpower tocomuiejice with , ( Hear . ) If-therefore votes were withheld ln > m « ny party rather than another , it slmnld lie from the rich aim not from the pour . ( Cheers . ) Hull we . bad a reformed Honse cf Commons , it would have taxed tbeTicb , and carried out that protection to the poor fur wtich they have'been praying so lon «—had tiie House nf Commons done tliw . ' Uiey would have been s * aved the trouble of meeting th-re ' ou that occasion ( Cheers . ) For these reasons tlien he was of opinion that the poverty - ' of r people was no reason why tht-y should ; be deprived of the franchise . But then they

    talkedofisnomuce . Now when they talked ofitniorance he should like to contrast all the working ineu ot England-with all their representatives . ( Ctieers . ) if ' wffrking men were at the head of affairs , they would n . > t , after passing a Re ' orrn Bill fir England , iminediately . pHSs a Coercion Bill lor Ireland , or a PoorLsw Bill for Ei » gl » n' } , —( load cheers)—at least not without having secured to the poor such wages as enabled them to live by hoin > sllabour . It we had a House of Commons constituted ot workinjrmen . it would not have voted £ 60 . U 00 a year to the London police , and then determine ihat " they might be w-ni nbour to every partof the counny . ( Chrvra- ) They knew what was meaijt by a rept alof the Com Laws . : Cheer . O He insisted then tiiatnomore shoulu be

    said about their povert )'; and as to their ianorauce he would compare it with the ignorauceof their f bvejners , and their months would > oo » be > -ileh < -ed y tie intelligence of working men . ( Ch « c-rs . ) Thwr poyerty had been brought upou them by au nijpriuciptecTsystem of taxation . ( Cheers . ) They all kn >* w of rbi 'war "which was waged ' -agains t the French for a gi eat number of years when the French people were end-avouring to reform their governmenr . To ptit dpvru the Kbiirty of France an immense ¦ Vebt was accuinhlaredj and thus a degree of taxation was raided in the country which could not have been suj ported-put for the tampering ' s that were made witu theirio - ney system . W lien the war hadf-rminated then set in all the horrors and suffering aiid affliction

    which OBght to have been endured during tbe war . ( Hear . ) What did the Government do wueu at the close of the war—tbosn who possessed property wer « only fit to vote for members of the House oi Commons ? In 1815 they enacted a Corn Bill to make bread dear , and took away the property tax which was paid by tbe rich . ( Shame . ) Those weiv two Measures passed in that very y « ar , and tne poor pe 6 plevas they were called , could not and would not have . "done " bo nuVcbievoui a thine si $ this . i The rich >** $ ? $ Dayenbwgotthro nghthewaf ^ ithbiiit ^ ijfferitig t ^ PR ^ wP ' tbe warj and now tUat weihavepeacii wKViU throw ; the- whole burden brtnti warnpoii th ^ e wpriing-patt of posterity by obtaining froui ^ he CUsjains all we Xtxatnecessary for c « ryiujj onthe

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    Goverument ot the couutry ; ( Hear , iieaK ) Notliiiijtr vad more absurd . They ought ~ lb have ^ continued the property tasL before all other taxes . ? Tnkwar had been Ciirried en Tor'the protection of- prop e rty * and the duty ought to have been paid by those whose Srotection it was designed to , accdrnplish . (¦ C / heers . ) [ o w , let those who Hke , gofor the Corn r ^ aws instead of Universal Suffrage ' ; he said , let the Hous . a of Commons enact a pvopertyt ^ and repeal the Corn Laws , and they might remove the taxes which press so heavify upon . ( he working man altogether . ( Cheers . ) Bat there were those who wished w divide them' and qnieteH them , for the purpose of deceiving them . ( Hear , hear . ) For six years the Whigs might have repealed the Corn £ avs : and the

    only reason why they now began to agitate the question , was because they saw the people intent upon a movement w . bich wenldjgopn . have put them in po * - session of the pow ? r by ^ which they could repeal the Corn Laws themselves / ( Loud cheers . ) Let them , then , be just and consistent . ( Cheer * . ) Let not thtS people be diverted from their . object ; : go a-headfor the safl&age—( loud cheers ;)—ia . the suffrage was their great enre , and without the suffrage be would aotpromise £ heip any cure ., ( Hear , hear . ) But if they went on -vithvhim for tie suffrage- —if they would not be top Jiisty ,, and would conduct themselves peaceably an ^ act in obedience to thpsiewho wished them veHr ^ if th ' ey-w 6 uld > only do this and persevere , ' they should have the Bunraee . (

    Tremendous cheers , and cr ies of " We'wilU' ^) They were indebted to the Birmingham menfor this , mo vemeht . Thte two Member * of that town : had with him ( Mr . Fieldeu ) beea doing all they could during , the last « x , 8 Rs « ons of Parliament , to open the eyes of those who were rviung them , . but aU their , efforts had been in = vain . But tier bad takeu the right course . Nothing could have been . better said'than the answer given by Mr . Aftwdbd to Lord Melbourne , when he presentecl their memorial . ' Lord Melbourne had said that Birmingham wairnot all England ; v'" No , " replied Mr . Attwood , " but all England is with us . "But the House of . Commons is againstiyou , " said Lord Melbourne . > ' Oh , we will mend rfie House of Common * , " « aid Mr . Attwood . ( Lond cheers . ) Now

    are we all united in meudiug the House of Commons ? ( Tremendous cheering . ) Then , if , they would all persevere— -if they woultl be true to themselw *—if they would act as if the whol » s depeaded upon each individual —( loud cheers)—if they would ] t » on demanding the . whole ot the five poiut . s iu ' ithe Birmiugham petition , they should have the House < A Comnious uieuded : ( Very loud cht-enng . ) But he must give them a few words of advice . All niauu ^ r of deuces would be re- sorted to to sow division amongst them . ( Hear , hear . ) ' . One would promiw them a Factory Bill , another the repeal of the Pi « ir Lnw , a third the repeal of the Com Laws , a fourth would promise a minimum of wages for the baud-loom weaver— ( laughter)—aud a fifth wonlu

    tell them that they should have all that tbey wanted if they only would not ask for the Suffrage . ( Loud laughter and cheers . ) But he saD , disregard all the apjJicatibus to divm them from that object . . Ke--p to tliis point . (" We will . " ) This was what the people ol England had never done yet ; they were now on the pomtof trying it , and as sure as they cwuducled tiiemselve * peaceably , aud continued to persfvere , as shrely would ihey obtain the Suflra ^ f . ( Cheers . ; It might require many tsessions of Parliament to do it ; but if they were true to thi in-3 .-lves . they would get it iu » rne-fourth of the time that they suould get it in if they suffered tbetnsel \ v > to become a divided people . ( Cheers ) He told them utter the lleport of the Poor l . aw Coinmittee

    was brought up—a report which was a di > gruce to tlie li . iusK of Commons , and equall } ' a di . ^ racrf to the country—be told them thac this wuuld be the ut-xt mow ihe people would take , and in that move ne would back th m . ( Cheers . ) li was unnecessary for him to take up their titne any longer , -as thuie were many other speukers to address them . Ue had suffered considerably in his henlth in consequence of the duties imposed upon him as Member »/ Parliament ; but he Lad had the f « iUa < iit'tioii ut havuitf proved all he had said before he w » v < a member to be true to the very letter . But of all the fruits ol his labour lor the last six years , h « had seen none that equalled tbe fruits which he saw at that meeting . ( Cheers . ) There was another part of the piys > which bad put forth its falsehoods upon the nui > jeci <> f lladicalitm . The Times of hist week came , out with an article in two comiueuts on the Palace

    Yaid meeting , that bespokeularm at head quarters . ( Ctieers . ; It suid that the Hou .-e of Ctnumon .-would be willing to grant the people every thing that could be expected . That the extension of the Suffrage could do uo goud , for nothing could bedoue lor the people but to raise their wagi-s , and thiu , be C 0 iitrn 0 cd , wa 8 impossible . ( Laughter . ) The other ide of the factious wrre telling them tuat they were willing to do all they could tor lhe people , but they could not give them lUe power to choo * e their representatives . Was tliere auy ignorance like unto this ? ( Cheers . ) Could the working people have the power ; ( " ¦ Ye * . ") He might , too , as . he passed , make a single remark ou the economy of the Whits . La . it year the taxes amounted tofiity-iour millions ; in . 8 : i 3 , ouly to titty millions , and t ! ds whs the doing ot a Reformed House . ( Hear . ) They had increased ihe taxation in a few sessions not less than four

    iml'iuns a year . Now , a parhameut coiisvitute . i ot working men would Mot suffer this - > Ute of thitt"s to go ou ; they would take oil' tlie Excise Laws and the Corn Laws , aud would at once remove the taxe . » from articles of every day con .-unvptioii , and put oh a property tax . That was all that was necessary for them to d () to correct the evils that bef ' el the labouring people , to an extent almost unparalleled in the . history of any country . When he w . is reading this articlein the Times , he thoughtit mnde one ul the best nrguments he had ever heard for sh-Tteuinj ; the hours of labour in factories —( hear , hear)—mi object for which he had laboured lor twenty-five years , but iu which he had not succeeded , because the people were unrepresented . . ( Hear , bear , )

    Now nil that working men would do it they hau possession of the House of Commons would be to be just both to the possessors of property aud to those who had no property . ( Chet-rs . ) On the partol the poi > r , they would guard their lives and ttieir limbs : md uromote their happiness . That ou tlie part of thu rich , they would protect their propHru with that just protection which is due to property , and more ou ^ bt not to be required . ( Cheer .-. ) They would repeal the New Poor Law —( Clieen- ) do away with all plurality of votes and offices ; th < -y would as working men , take the greatrst interest in the preservation of peace and order , and would uo nothing that could render the security of lite orpropertv le > s . ( Lotid cheers . ) The Suffrage being

    extended to all ol twenty-one years ol Hge . and the other lour points forming part ut the chart embodied in the People ' s Charter , the first step would be . to raise a property tax , and thus would thi y make the poor aud the labourer as coinfu table and happy us they could expert to be in this life . ( Loud cheers . ) Having those riews , h « need hardly tell them , that lie was a decidied advocate of Universal Suffrage , Annual PdrLanients , Vote by Ballot , No Property ^ ualiKcatiou , and \ Vii » es fur Members . ( Treiiien anus clierring , ) Filially , then , he would assure th < -m that , if they would only be true to themselves , they might rely upon all the assistance which it was in bis powtr to render them , both in anu out' ol Parliament . ( Mr . Fieldeu concluded amidst th « uiost enthusiastic chtering . ) i

    Mr . Hodget 8 was called upon to move the urst resolution . Alu * r addresMng the menting as M i » ii ot Miiivnlie ^ er , Oldham . Stalybridge , Bolton ^ Bury , Uochdale , Midulelon , die . < fec , he said tie congrAttilatfd them most sincerely on comii . g forth iu tlie largest mass that evt-r before met in England to demand Uuitersal Suffrage . ( Cheers . ) Their last petitidu that they evt-r met to sijru—^^ the last time that they ever mul together , —tliH lust time that they ever congn gated the whole of South Lancashirewas upou the blood-stained field of Peterloo . ( Tremendous cheering . ) Then they were sabred b ^ ' the military , and driven from the field . ( Hear , ln-ar . ) , But mark the difference now . Behold the banners uf all their neighbouring towns : b « told

    the banners of nil their Trades' Uiii > n > , thnt never belore cuiue forth into the arena : pf poliiiciil strife . ( Loud cheers . ) They bad met fo adopt the liirtniiigham Petition , and the words of that petition began with **/ We oeuiaud . " ( Ch- ers , « ud Biavo . ") He would not enter into the question of Uiaverrfui Suffrage . with . them j ( iod . knewit ha « l been entered mio olteii enough , and their presence there proved th-u Jhey knew it was their right , and that they ; aere deu ^ nuined to ltaintain . it . ( Loud cheer . > . / Twenty yiars ago , they were told that they had no tiuch right , and , wvr ' u cut down aud shot at lor demauaiiig . it . ( Hear , hear , bear . ) Now they were told .-it was their abstract right , but they were not-sufficiently educated : but when they bad acquired sufficient education , they should have it . Now , if education meant ' auythiug ,. it meant the acquirement of kuowled ge . lie appealed to them as men , and asked whetUer toey did not think thuy had asmnchkuowledge as the £ 10 suffrage men .. ( "Yes , yes . " ) Had they not jis much knowledge as the old boroughtnouuering ; Parliament , who , whtn guineas were selling for 27 s ., declared that a . i"l note aud a . shillmg were worth a guiuea ? ( Lanabter . ) Had . they not as much knowledge as that PaiUiimeut which d ec lared , that the uegroes would be better off with free labour than wiih slave labour , and yet gave the planters twenty

    millions of money to purchase thtdr irdWdom , whicu was at last ouly conceded to the firm and unanimous deinaudof the people ? ( Cheers . ) \ V as it possible for them to do wp ^ e ibau that ? ( "No , no ; " ) li they w « ns . t > p iults to elect their represeiitatives , and were to take by chance 658 persons from that asseiiir bly ,, could they have done worse ?> - ( ' * -No , no . " ) But what other objeclious did they raise against ttie extension of the . suffrage ? Tut » y said that th « people watite 4-tot . destroy property . ( Hear , hear . W as that likely . ? - Would they destroy the works oi ^ Ufirovrn birnds ? for ¦ tUer . e was no property but that which legitimately vbolonged | 6 tt « P « ople - Had they been bnildiug houses , Rud , was it likely they would pull them down , ? < Had | they . beau ploughiug their , iitflds and xowiug them with gpiuiuud was n

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    iikVlV that they were going to trnujpie it under their Bet r * ThFideiBrirar goi Tironstrotw : that-no man ol common sense : could entertain , it for a . moinent . * rbis , ¦ beWeyer , showed completely into what a miserable corner the enemies of the people were driven . ( Gbeers . ) They said besides that the pebple wanted to dostrey the . Constitution ; but who created tbe Constitution ' Was it not tbe working men of England that created it , ( Hear ^ hewr . ) Had they not buckled on their armour and , shed their blood for it , and was it likely ^ that they Voqld pull down their own . protective Constitution ; > ' . No , no . }} The fact was their enemies were afraid they would rebuild the Copstitution . .. ^ Tljiey ; were > afraid they , would restore the prerbgatives ; of the ; monarch and the people , which were the proudest ^^ boast of Englandy Constitutaon . ( Cheers . ) Mr . Fielden had advised them : to- allow nbthiMr t © lead ithwu

    away From ^ this ' p 6 inti ' He would advise them to go oh' with their unions aud nothiag ^ woold ever be able < -U > pr « vont them from obtaminjr ; their irighj : of Universal Suffrages He would give way now to others- There : were , there some men , from Birmingham who would tell them what theBirmjugham men were ^ dQing-r ( loud ; ch , eers ) --and there ' wis tnere the indefatigable G'C 6 nnor ^ - ( Continued cheering)—^ who would tell them what ithei men of yorkehire were doing . lTiere was their old iriend Mr ; Whittle . ; aad deptoes | row all , the /? neigbbburing ^ pwy * and from every part of England . L This . \ yas , indeed , a ; dayihat . would ever be remembered , not by M an-^ hystei 1 " ¦ ' ilbjbe , boit'bjr the people of the " United Kingdpnt , aid he hoped , that the resolutions which would be passed this day would not be allowed to be pnssed as a dead letter , but would be acted upon so as to convince their enemies that they were in earnest . ( Continued cheering . ) v

    The Flev . J . R . Stephens was then called upon to second the resolution , and was received with enthusiastic cheering , which was prolonged for a considerable time . ¦ After addressing the chairman , he faid , that that meeting should , be his ouly speech , aud , that people his only and hia all-sufficient argiirni'nt . ; ,. ' - . He ^ ^ . asked why ^ . such a sight before hima sight , the like cf which the world had never yet beheld—he asked whatit was that made this mighty movement of the masses of the people of England ? ( Hear , hear . ) He asked wB ' at it wad that seemed to shuke England to her < 3 entre , and brought her Kbris together in such a mighty assembly ? Therft must be something greatly wrong , why " those hundreds of thousands had come there to right or see rightel < or them , ere they quitted the field iuto

    which they had turned out in their mighty strength , $ tnd where they were determuied to stand and nght . the battle until victory sat upon their bauners , and peace and plenty yras found reposing upon their bearthrt . ( Cheers . ) They were to tell all t : ose who had bit ; erto withstood them , and trifled with them and affected to despise and scorn them—they were there to tell their toes through the land that they were mighty , because , they knew their rights , and had the power its weir as the will to <» br . am them . tCheiTs . ) The principle of t r e Resolution , therelore , which he had risen to speak to , was a principle which every man was obliged to acknowledge in argument , though he affected to disr . gard it , *—the principle which acknowledged the right of every 11 , an that breathed God's tree air and trod ( io . r . s

    free earth , to have his hoine and hid hearth , and h s wife and his ch lJren , aa securely guanmteed to liini as of any other man whom the Aristocracy hao created . ( "Cheers ) This question of U 111 vers . il Suffrage was a kiufe and fork question att . r all ; Ihi « question was abfead and cheese q . uestiiui , not-Vvithsianding all that had been said aaainstit ; and if nny man asked him what he meant by Univtr-al Suffrage , he would answer , that every working man in the land had a right to have a go d coat to hiii back , a . Oinfortable abode iu which to shelter himsflf and his family , a good dinner upon his table ., and 110 more work than was ¦ ¦ necessary for keeping him in h altb , and as much w . iges for that work as would keep him in plenty , aud afford ; . im

    the uiijoynu'ut of all the . ' biasings of lile which a reasonable man could desire . ( TrvmenJous cheers . ) The question of Universal Suffrage presupposed another question . The iirst point in all governments was not so much a question by wh « m ttie laws were to be made , as it was the kind of laws which were made by those , be they who they may , t « whom the milking of those laws was entrusted , ' lhere could be in * doubt whatever that evi-ry man iu Englind of full age , cf right mind and of uubkmi . shed life , bad the same right to coine where his neighbour ?! came , to speak where his neighbours spoke , to hold up his hand for the same things for ahich his neighbours held up their hands , and being a portion eitlier of the-majority , or the minority—it

    i » f the majority , to decide and determine , and if of the uiiuority , to acquiesce peacnnbl y and loyally in the decision . There could be no other principle ot government or law . If any other principle \ wre Mipposed , the people were at once released from their wllrtgiciii c ^ , which they only a wear to pay on condition of ' . heir being fairly represented and ri > fht-ousl y governed —[ loud cheers]—and by those laws penimted to live iii seenrity mm peace . Jt had oeeii said that there were men that \ yould wish to disract their minds and lead them off from the acc-oinplishin ^ nt of this ) . mighty object . If there were i > uch men in the land , he knew them not , but if there were , they wete not men with whom he hold any Mlowdhip . [ Cheers . ] The principle of

    Universal Suffrage was one which teus ot thousands k new bad ever been dear to his heart , and one which lie would continue to advocate and disseminate to the utnipst ot his power . [ Cheers . ] The repeal of the New Poor Law would be far from hindering this movement ; on the contrary , it would greatly accelerate its progress . ' [ Continued cheering . ] The people of Laucashire and of Yorkshire , and of England , would n ^ ver allow their feelings for the repeal of the New Poor Law to step in between their race with the rest of their countrymen , which they were running there 011 that occasion , but they wsr « determined to come in at once to the goal , and ot'tiiiti that power which , when ouce possessed , would enable them immediately to repeal it , and

    every other bad law in existence . He wondered thwt any man should dream of the repeal of the New Poor Law being the means of retarding the movement which the people were now so unanimously making . ( Hear , hear . ) The people of England had made up their minds that whether Parliament repealed the New Poor Law or not , it should be repealed dejicclu , and the Parliament should be left , it they liked it , to repeal it dejure ^ aud if they liked it lipt , the people would repeal it themselves . ( Loud cheers ;) They had acted nobly at Oldham , find at . Aslitoii ; they had made up their minds , and he repealed it there that there might be no possibility of mistake , whether thv . v had the suffrage or notwhether they could Obtain it or not , they had it in

    their power to repeal tlie New Poor Law , because they ; could prevent it from corning into operation at all . ' ( Loud cheers . ^ He stood Before them as thft apoKth' of an armed resistance—as a man who had ilv . iught it his duty , without wishing to implicate any other man , —as a man who had told them that the same right by which they ought to possess the suffrage , gave them also the right of . being in possession of arms ' "Tor ' -their , self-defence . ( Loud cheers . ) He should nothave mentioned this but for one circtiHiHtance . He was speaking to hundreds of thousands of men , three out of every four of whom had left tbtrir arms at home . But had they left ' -them because , thry were alraid and too cowardly ? No . Why had they left their arms at home ? To his

    Knowledge , many hundreds of them—yea , thotisands of them , had douo so , and the only reason why they had left them athbme , wastlVat the Boroughreeve and CiJiistablept Manchester had declared to the stewards that ihfv reposed thelhostunlimited Confidenceiti the pent-viii / le andl «» y , al character of the people . ( Loud cheers . ) They had declared that when the men of Lancashire caine together , they needed no troop * , for every man was a warrior . ( Cheers . ) There were no policemen on that ground on that occasion , save what . had been thought needful to pre .-erve the pockets of any gentleman that might have anything tospare , and that they might think it Was right for them to appropriate to their own use . ( Cheers and liiacliter . ) It gave the lie to all the trash , aud

    ribiilury , aad abuse , which had been heaped by the Loudon preifs upon Richardson , for telling the meeting at Vhat place that there would be three hundred thousand people on the M anchester Ilac « Course on tltat day , two hundred thousand of whom would be fit Ip bear arms . It gave the lie to all the aburiti that hud been heaped upon himself and Oastler , and-O'Connpr , for in the very hot-bed ol their physical furce agitation , the magistrates had declared that there ( was uo need for policemen , iut ' autry , cavaliy , or artillery , for « ve y man ' s puwj was hi * | j 6 lictfttiau , ' and every man's jacket was his lock-up . ... !;( Clnjers and laughter . ) It was clear , however , that the searching time was at hand ; as froui the tone of the London press , it was plain

    ihat they were already begiuniug to fear the coui-equeiices of their folly . Because he aud Oaslleihad shown tlie New Poor Law to be no law at all , aud because he had shown Parliamenri iu consequence of parsing that law , to be a dei ' uuct Parliament , and the people to be released from their allegiance , in consequence of attempts made to force a law upon them , because they had taught those holy truths aud those constitutional doctrines ' from tne highest legal authprides England containedb , cau .-e they had continued steudfist and unfiiiichiiig , lie fonud from a . pnrt of the press t \\ nz tbere was to be a conspiracy , and a union of the influence

    aud power of all parties was to be effected to put dovvii- Oastler , atid Stephens , aud O'Connor , and Attwood , and Fielden ^ and every mnn who dare d to tell the people that they ouglit to be free , and that they should be free , or that they would go to the battle held with them , and t > at there they would tight it but . ( Tremendous cheers . ) If the boroughree . ve aud constable , qf Manchester had hot made that declaration whica ~ they had made , if the roagistratea and legar authorities of that district had not given the police iuto the command of the marshalls of that meeting , an < l assnred theta / that iio dempnstra « tion : of auy antagonistic kind should have been made on that occasion , he would have come him >« jlt armed

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    to tiiat meeung , and would have brought ten thousand- armed meu with rhim ; and ^ iad there bewnany resistance , he would there have moved an adjournment of . the peppl « : ofSouth , Lancashire to that day month , and would have exhorted £ y , ery man capable of using arms 16 flock to bis standard , and figntthe battle of the ; coustitut'on . ^ Tremendous cheeriug . ) He begged they ; would not mistake , him . He was not a man of war y he Was ^ or . peace ; he proclaimud peace oh earth , and endearoured to promote H ; he proclaimeS good will arhbiig nlenj , and he eudKavpured to increase it . Bu ^ . he did say that the men , arid woiuen , and children of Ettglapid had a ri ^ ht to livefreely . at their pwii hoiiseyand / without hanng to walk under a lock and kW , andbright to

    have it in their power if they chose to cdme . to that meeting . ( Hear , hear , and long-continued cheers . ) Their meeting would have been twice , as numerous as it : ff 8 ts an 1 imcqus tremendous : for its ^ display o ^ , moral , power ftud j > hysical force , had not the cotton interest in thaV districts ^^ iconspired to fi ; great extent ; with , the , masters pi ' ^^ the ^; trades to prevent . their workmen , from being there ; / 'Yea , ' . yesi tSat's true , " [ rtim f > ev ( jral voices . ) Now * the Universal Saffrage wf iiicU . he wanted waa that knowledge ji ' theVmind , t $ at principle in the heart , thrtt power in the ponscieuct'i aud that stalwart strength in the right arm , that would enable the working mail to meet : his master , and stand boldly , and upiight upon his feet , without the brand-mark of a bondsman . uuon his

    brow ., and without the blush of shame and of slavery upon hiii cheek . . 1 Tremelidpus pheerri . ) Hewanfed to see the working map as free in the . mill as Jn the wilderness —( hear , and , loud cueers ) -- - ^ free spoken wihen , he goes . to take his wages frpm his employer as when he gws to . spend a partof them witu h ^ s companions . [ Loiid c lWers . ] He wanted to see every man ' so free that he would say what he thought and do what he knew to be' right , in so doing taking care that he injured no one else , and deteriorates the propertyV ' . of no one . else . [ Loud cheets . ] He should uot much further occupy their time as they wer ^ doubtless waiting with tne most lerwnt anxi . ety to hear , the , pther 'gentlemen who . wern about to address them . He doubted not

    that they were waitiug with a thrill of anxiety to hear , mark , lesirii , and digest the knowledge , the wisdom , and the 'fervid eloquence which would be Kiven them by the succeeding speakers . [ Loud cries of go on , go on . ] Me would * go on at another time . In beholding that mighty mass of living , moving , ethereal sprri : —in beholding that sea of heads , and that ocean of intellect—in . beholding that _ patriotism of religious tietermination- ^ -in be- , holding that great gathering of the . mauhood , womanhood , and chihiliood of Laucashire , the cltairman held in hishaud the fulcrum , —no it was the leverage , by which to moVeall the monsters of oppression and i ) ppositioh which ha < i hitherto stood between them itnd their object . [ Loud cheers . ]

    The people of England were not a disaffected people . They were not gone mad to day with a visionary dreaui . or some impracticable object which no one t uows how it came or lor what purpose it is to be used . Tlu-y had n « t come to speculate , or to speak , or to hear speeches . This was the South Lancashire denion . stration j ever / man was a speech ; every town was an eloquent harrrinjruej the whole inass was an irresistible argument ; lor where there wa * truth in the mind nuu courage m tbe . heart , where , there wera so many patriotic followers in the cause of liberty , they i a f aa earnest of the coming realization ; the people had taken the first

    ste .. . m the onward march . » f liberty , and that march would only be terminated in the ample enjoyment of victory . ( Liiud cliei rs . ) fcug . lishm . eu ' -were * notdisloya , but < ht-y \ vould Jjhvv ti / fir own hearth and home to themselves , and peace nnd plenty when they arrived there . iCmimined cheers . ) He thanked fhtui for having li > teued to hiiu so patiently , and si-rouded the ri'soliuion which they had entrusted to his charge assuring them that he would do so with lu « art and » oul aud arm , —( cheers)—as far as he c > mld , and as far as they could with , turn , if they did . ¦«» , and they would mthnntdy carry the People ' s Charter . Mr . Stephens concluded amidst deafening cheer .- ! .

    Mr . O Connor was then introduced to the meeting and was received with a tr mendous burstof applause which was frequently repeated , the immense multitude waving ttieir hats and afterwards clapping their lninds for a , considerable tim « . H « addressed the meeting in an effective spnech , which was loudly cheered . He said that the man who could stand upon that spot without being excited , ought not to be an Irishman . ( Laughter . ) He stood there as the representative of tliatto * n , wher « rt > yaltyusually resides . It . was uot yet forty-eight hours Mnce'he was addtvssiii }; the Radicals ot Brighton , under the very nose of the Queen , and he did not discover in those Radicals any hostility to that Queen , or any desire to limit the prerogatives of that Queen , but to remove

    all the corrupt influence that stooi iu the way of the peopln and the monarch . ( Cheers . ) He had been deputed by those mun to represent them at that meeting , and if he felt > o much pleasure at meeting so many huntlreja of thousands , what must be his delight when he saw tlie best of patriots presiding over that meeting , and giving utterance to those delightful sentiments which he had heard that day . ( H « ar , hear . ) When he saw one of the largest manufacturers of Rutland endeavouring to divert the attention of tlie people from Uih clap traps of the day to the greatest of all important political questions , and more especially Irom that of the speculating money Aristocracy by which they led the people to suppose they would have cheap bread that they

    might have cheap labour also—( cheers)—he experienced a degree ol pleasure which was inexpressible . ( Hear . ) When he looked around him and saw the hundreds of thousands that were congregated on that spot to demand tlieir common rights , he could not avoid consoling himself with the consideration that he had not toiled for nothing . It-w * s Universal Suffrage , which , while others weieeitherabsentfromthem or squabbling about mere matters of form ^ had been his dreams by night and his thoughtsby day . He had stood by Universal Suffrage and why ? VV as it because hi > was a man of blood r No ; but because he looked upon Universal Suffrage m the only principle that could stop the effusion of blood * ... Air . ' Fielden had told them that immediately alter the peace , all the

    discord and confusion that occurred throughout the land was the consequence of the want of that representation , which deuriyvd the people of the power , of arresting the progress of tho .-e lake , meastires of political eeononiy , which were the more immediate causes of all the distress and < ii > satisfactiou which afterwards followed . By the war , au amazing debt was incurred , and at iis close , the aristocracy must needs set about devising some , plan whereby to remove the burthen from their own shoulders , and- place it upon the shoulders of the people . This they effected in the first instance for the landlord in the Corn Bill , because they were enfranchised , and ' the case ol the moneyinougers was not allowed to go on long without beinK duly entertained ; Theuthey got Peel ' s

    Bill in J 819 for nheriug the currency ; bat the people , instead of being ab : e to appval to the House of Commons with that degree of conh ' dent expectation which tlieir importance in society might naturally lead them to -indulge , were obliged to / bow submissively to two or three nincompoop handloom weaving commissioners —( cheers)—or place-hunters of the same cla-s . Their cause , however , was the cause of millions , who made the manufacturers , and the landlords rich by their toil , whilsthey were not able to consume one fourth of what they ought to consume of their o « n produce . ( Hear , Jiear . ) But their cause was not yet ripe , fcr heariu ' g . Were they represented in the present House of Commons ? No . Fhey naver would be repre » eut « d until every man

    was entrusted with that which nature imprinted upon the breast of every nian ^ th « power of selifisefence ; That power was reposed in the Vote oi every individual , and , while h « counselled them against any demonstration of phy « ical jorce , there was a moral power existing in the people , which , if attempted to be resisted , would bn turned iii spite of all that lie and all th « frieuds of peaceful agitation could say , into physical force ;> because the people knew that they had " borne , oppr « ssiou too long : and too tamely . ( Cheers . ) What did they seek to attain by Universal Suffrage ? Wa * it to rob tlie rich ihat they mi ^ ht hand Over tti ei r possessions . to t ] . ' . epoor ? Was it to render li ! e and property'less secure than it was under the present systeih of

    middle class representation ; ? ( Heitr , hear , and loud cheers . ) No ; n was to render life arid property more secure -than it had .-hitherto , been , and still more seenre than it was possible for it to be under the present system of ihisgovernmeht . What wa-s it , he asked , tbat they sought to accomplish by Universal Suffrage I Wax it not protection against the ignorance of" those who were seat there to represent ttie wants and wishes of the natiou , and who were yeconly the represeutatives of bricks aud mortar . The Members of the House of CotuinoiiS j as at present constituted , were a Set of knight-errauts returned by rdason of notions of fauta > tic chivaby 'which were re-echoed throngh the kingdom by the cry of . '' The Queen and Uelorm . " Tlie last contest was liferally a contest of the Queen against the I ^ iike of ' Cumberlaud . But were the people ; to obtains House of Commouson the priuciple of UniveTsal . Represeuta tion , wliat would they do with it ? They would

    take care that all the taxes should fall , and then he would engage that they would 'all Very lightly upon the Anstociacy 01 the country ; and that taxation , iu whatever l ' orin it might be ; imposed , should only be commensurate with the exigeucies of the ^ state . Wiieumen taked 6 tiierKthey- ' wiregeneralIy ; ' . b ' puntiv tul ; but if the people taxed themselyesj instead of having , as now , fiolargeau army iu time * of peace , a wallowing up tlieir resources , only to keep them m more firm subjection , every inau would become a soldier , and would Be ready to spend higjastenergies for the defeuce of his couutry . j instead of having , as how : a State Church wallowing in dorruptionj and ^ ttfehipiug at the shrine of MaoimOh , tee shbuld have evei'y mau contributing by the voluritary pr ^ n ^; ciple to the maibtenaricij of those religious ptir ^ cles which might be mont accordant [ with ^ the teachings of his own cons < aence .. ^ Sachjwere some of rhe things which Universal Suffrage would : pro , cure for the people . There were aome that would

    Untitled Article

    divert their stUmtion ; ftom the . ^ irestfaTof ^ Suurage to a TO ™?*? other auesfidiw ftar . ^ regarded asimportaat tomjetote SamSlot ** am ' ^ W- direct their attention to the % & of tree Trade- Dr . Bownrig had saiaSffi ^? great shame that men should not be ^ allowed V& chase ^ gooda wherever tbey Uked * This SSfc him of the cdebrated obsefption of Honjft who ,, when about tP be , pirt Bp 6 n Ins trial , , ^ Jft J hat wt-of a jury of 48 , persons , he migtii : Cm « l the usual number which ^ thelaw allowed IS was «* My Lord , there i s ^ yery ^ little use ia atteS to pick sound oranges out of a basket foil tuat ^ f all rotten . " ( Cheers and laughter . ) TBoP «? frade gentlemen seemed not tote aware that li «! Spnng Rice , the great shopkeeper of England % the great pet of the Whigs , firstput the sS ' ofl fiXfllSA nnnn nvonr orfiVia nf fn-rairm -- ^ - ^^^? ¦ * t excise arjacle Pf forei

    upon every gn commerce * the tax-eaters pnt another upon it afterws ^ ( Hear , hear , and cheers . ) ' Thosltheories S 3 fine , and sometimes very useful in 'Woi ? a gentleman to obtain a seatfe the ; . House of pS mons ; but before , we consented to fee amusad « J the clap ^ trapxry of " Free Trade , " let us conSS mth free , trade at home ; . let us separate fhe' chnK from the 8 tatej " and ' - " wheh on 6 ethe ; people of JK land made ,, one ^^ constitutional family , ther vt ^ thenfeel the greatest interest iri . the preservation a the state , and would rush to thecry of "TEestaJ m danger ^ ' with more sflacrity ¦ tod reaflineis th 2 any of . the !; mercenary heroes ^ hb-B ght forBi ( Loud cheewO ' lit had been said that ffie ' unionl the wPrking classes wfia never- so * cbmplete a « I present ; He did riot yet think tiiat their uniohJ perfects for hw countm ' was still a ^ a ^ o ^

    England ' s door , ^^ and"it was a country that ^ as gl in subjection ta state . parsons . ( Hear ;) Tfe were _ still without the co-operation of . those br and independent Irishmeu ,. whose ancestors fi waded to the knees in blood for the defence of tS religion and their ¦; God . **¦¦ : They mugt have thev they must deliver them from the lion ' s den J leave Daniel in the den alone . ( Loud cheers ! Z laughten ) They must no longer have their Trad ^ Unions suppressed , without giving them an eania . lent . ( Cheers . ) Why . did he see the banners of & Trades' Unions there ?¦ An attempt was iiow be * made to breakup the unions of Jr ^ iind ; Mik th % could befno donpt that when successful , as I it % , doubtefflv' would be ; the rule would be' amiJii

    to England also . ( A voice , " we won't have if ) This , however , only proved to him thafc na would be satisfied -with any thing reasonable- ^( hte hear , hear)—^ without the trouble of looking ^ politics for their protection . ( Cheers . ) Mr . Field * had related to them , something of the press , aj more , particularl y of the Chronicle iini the 'iVn He would give thein thesentiments of the Stdiidai That paper claimed to itself thejpower of ju 3 gin » rf the amount of a meeting . The Editor had said tia he was the first to estabh ' sh that five persons cotlj stand upon a square yard . Now he woui $ coma them by his proportion and they would see wig would be the aggregate of their numberas tW

    , were when he came down to the hustings fnll eigtitr acres of full grown men and women ; ( CheerM What did the 8 ia > ida >> d say ? H he was Joo 4 ? for an argument on which to base the right of I ' m . versal Suffrage , he would take up the Standard ^ Tuesday last , and would ' say that he ( the Editor of the Standard ) had accomplished ^ more than he ( Jfe O'Connor . ) with all his agitation , had been abb to accomplish for the people . ( Cheers . ) In smt statistics published in the Standard , it was stated that there were in London , 100 , 000 perm who , when they rose from their beds ; in tb morning , did not know ; where they were to get tiar breakfast , or where they should again repose tW

    salves at evening ! [ Shame , shame . ] Was that j state of things for a country like this ? [ No , nD , ] Gibbon Wakefield had subsequently stated that 051 of that number not less than 50 , 000 lived by pickfcj pockets . [ Hear , hear . ] But what made tS pick pockets ? ( Hear , bear , and loud cheen ^ , j Was it not because the rich had picked their pocfea firdt ? ( Continned cheers . ) Ought they nor , tiai , to unite themselves together not only to sate fa selves , but also to save from perdition both da factions ,, who were thus leading the people into crime . [ Cheers . ] To accomplish this , they msst have the Irish people with them to aman . [ Hear , ] What was it that proved their present , movemet !

    was a great movement ? Simply that O'Connnl was obliged to dread it . ( Cheers . ) He had saidto the psople of Ireland , "We will not have tfe English Radicals with us . " He dreaded the Engik Radicals , because they would circumvent him in & object ; and for that reason hehad declared themto be opposed to the demands of the people of Irelaai It was all very well for a man who was recmiig £ 20 , 0 ; i 0 a-year from the pennies of the stanij Irish , to declaim against the payment of Meiuba of Parliament . ( Cheers . ) But the people of Ire land were with them to a man . They were onli curbed by the same infernal power that had corbed the people of England—the press ;—( cbeersi-al

    if there was one power more to ; be dreaded and cmdemaed for rhis powerful agitation which was nor going forward , it was that press which had witlieU the voice of the people from the ear of M sovereign . ( Loud cheers . ) It was not the people who were to blame . ( Hear , hear . ) What to ? they asking for ? And what had the Whigfte to prevent this agitation ? The people of 'Birmin * - bam had taken the Whigs at their word to forte the interests of the nation ; the people had to affc tion for the Whigs , but those very Whigsjhad era since lived upon Tory hatred and neglect of tie people's . rights . ( Hear and cheers . ) Theypassii the Coercion Bill for Ireland , for which he

    "hadsworn eternal hatred to them . ( Cheers . ) ' It appeared to him that men who , for seven years , had acted corruptly , would not think it a breach of dtir to do so again . ( Hear . ) : They had not passed n act which the people ought not to view with smpicion and disgust . ( Very loud cheers . ) He had travelled 280 miles to attend that meeting —( cheer . ' } and he could say with truth , that the sight of that assembly amply repaid him for all his exertion anl anxiety , ( Cheers . ) As he had constituted tie great meeting , at Birmingham a \ irtuons j ? 7 for the trial of the Whig . * , so would he do , with the meeting of that day . He would ask everymarifto believed the Whigs ' guilty of treason against d » people for the last seven . yeaH > to , hold up his M ( Loud cheerj ? , and every liahd was held upi prtsa ^

    ing a scene which waij hterally . beyoHQ description Perhaps never , on any occasion , was there soc splendid exhibition . ) He not only ; represented tie meeting at Brighton , but be also represeDted the Democratic Association of . London . He . wasli « representative , too ,, pf theeputh . - ' . pf , England , and of many thousands -pi ., the men of the nertb . ( Ch&r <) In the north , they , w . ere . united as one man , andji they stopped short now ; of obtaining their , politiai rights , it would be their own faults . ( Cheer * . ) X man could have heard the speeches which " hadfej delivered on those hustings without being convinc " that success was within their reach . ( CueerX ) ; . W them , tb «? n ,, go on with their moral force , detenu u ^ to use it to the . last , and the result would Mf accordancft with the declaration which vtsP ^

    by Sir Johu Cam liobliouse , when he ff&j whig ; put of power , but looking for po * ef . : ^ John'Hobhouse '" then said respecting ' . 'Ireland-1 » --they might let the grievances or" which the p « F of Ireland complained continue , provided they't a hangman witha halter , or a . soldier withbisbapa- at the back , of eVerylrishmaii ; but the whole an& « of- Europe would not be sufficient to place SB ? with a baypnet-behind the back of everj rau » Lancashire , who was determined "to ' have a redrfc-j of the grievances of the peopled [ Verylond ? a « iH Let them recollect that they were BO ^ flie ^^ goverhori ? of " the conntry- ^ - [ cheers ] -for uvJ 1 ?' elective influence had broken down the a 8 sump »

    of power of the present H ouse of Commaus ?}? was returned by no more than 27 , 000 of a maj * of the' Whigs . jTery loud ; cheers , ] ' Ther # re , j was they who governed , the Whigs and Ton « i ^ the world that wai in arm ' s against them ; [ v" " " ! They cared notfor the Ifhigs . for if tb *? y ^ muster ail the forces against them that it ^¦' r sible for them to muster , they could not cover jMJi--littleb-lli [ Mr ^ G'Gennorpbihtiiig toahai ^] ^ then had nothing to fear with ^ ^^ respect to ^^ % ( ' for their' strength was in their Uhion > their po ' was in their v . piceV-and their success -wasi . in' '' persevnrance . ' [ Loud cheers . ] If any man & ., right iol )^ proad of that meeting , it was b * rir . d tor he bad spent thousands of pounds and ^ hundreds' of thousands of mites in their « " - ' , UUUU 1 CU 5 VI UlUUSiUJU ! Ul iUliCI ^ f * '¦ 1 1

    , J |! U [ very loud . cheersi and cries of you bate J ""^ , ^ to-morrow "he was to leave this ; life , he vroulu m ^ that ; tlie loss of one man ^ o ' uld now scarcely ^ , in a : canse , to promote which , there was ; p 0 » , ^ a general determination , aided by the iucteai' - ' , _ ever increa « ug ihtelligeiice and power of lie ?* r [ Much cheering ;] He thanked them . for . W * * tion with which they had heard him . ; . He tno ^ they would not be . diverted , from ^ their great o ^ v by the agitatioii o ' i the Corn Laws , or byany ^ tion of . detail ; they should' utrenudusly ^ rZi selves to achieve their " great object ; and ; &r " commenced the battle for freedp ; m ; with'UM * i B iJ ^ were the force > y ith ; which he "¦ wpiild . fi ghttliaf-w ., if necessary , to-the' deathY ' [ The ^ peecU oi ^ O'Copnpr was responded to by the most eDtn n ^* jcheering ^ waving of hats , ' and clapping of 'W- *>

    JDr . FiTToif-, of Roy ton , moved the ' ^^ { Sir lution . j He . remar / ted- that the siubject ol \ » meeting was one with which all wore s ? - . ^' acquainted and upon which so much nad beefl- ^ that it wag'Tinnecessary . for him to ttesp ^ upon their attention . He congratulated tbe ^^ the unparalleled assembled and deep ly « P . $ that ever thevi should- have i had occasion'to » t ^^ the purpose ibr ; which they were met that day- . ^ had been a mostrdecided failure "! <> ^ P ^ nJatm Whigs in carrying out the principle of Q& . " 5 $ Bil } . >; ( Hear , hear . )^ They had : been tried ^ yearsn and r 4 : hev- result was > that ^ he ^ P ^ tt upon which tiiev last came mto office . ft »" ., in abandoned , and that so as to destroy ewry «^ d ¦ the way of hoping even against hope . He co ^ 0 , he said -this more in sorrow than uvangeri ¦

    Untitled Article

    « - THE ypBTHEBN STAR . September 29 , 1838 .

• Citation
  • Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 29, 1838, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct530/page/6/