Current:

Northern Star (1837-1852), 7th September 1850, Edition 3 of 3, Page 3

Page 3
Page 3
3 of 8

On this page

  • Departments (4)
    • ->anrtv„ _toen_
    • _»nnnD0.
    • Mtmm
    • ?wn?«?I CAIj BISQUALIFICATIOiNS, GENERATIVE INCAPACITY , AND, IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE. : !. l 5i* T w l'8t e *? ition . iUustrated with Twenty-Six Anatomi ! »-w^k"" 1 -*8 2? StC(!' * enlarged to WS pages, price hi'^Ziy p . ' direct ftom tho Establishment, 3s. 6d. la-postage stamps.
  • Adverts (2)
  • Text (10)
  • Transcript

    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

      Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

      Blood? Orhkethedewon The: Mown Palladium...

      i September 7 , 1850 . THE _JSTORTHERN ST _^ R _. — — " ~— _^ ~ i . _itjj l ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦¦ " ¦ _., _"

      -≫Anrtv„ _Toen_

      - > _anrtv „ _ _toen _

      Usisscribed Tomb Of Emmet. (From Tbe Dub...

      _USISSCRIBED TOMB OF EMMET . ( From tbe Dublin Comet . ) 'let my tomb remain nninscribea , and my memory m oblivion , until otber times and other men candojustice to jay character . ' «« Pray tell me , " I said to an old man who _**^ r _« » Drooping over the graves which his own hands « Pra _^ _teKVe name of the tenant who sleeps _^ _SHonder lone shade where the sad willow ¦ _ErerySfis engraved with the name of the dead . _J $ ut vcr black slab declares not whose spirit is

      fled . " In silence he bowed , then beckoned me nigh , Jill we stood o ' er the grave—then he said Tfith a sigh , . . « ycs thev dare not to trace e en a word pa this stone , To the memory of him _ttiio sleeps coldly alone ; He told them—commanded the lines o ' er his grave , Should never be traced by the hands of a slave . " "H e bade them tq shade e ' en , his name in the gloom Jill the morning of freedom shonld shine on his tomb , < When the flag of my country at liberty flies , Then—then let my name and my monument rise . ' Ton see they obeyed him : 'tis forty-six years , And tbey still come to moisten Ms grave with their

      • tears . "He was young , like yourself , and aspired to o ' erthrow The tyrants who filled his loved island with -woe j They crushed his bold spirit : this earth was cOnfined , Too scant for the range of his luminous mind . " He paused , and the old man went slowly away , And . l felt , as he left me , an impulse to pray . _4 _Jrant Heaven I may see , ere my Own days are . done , A monument rise o ' er my country ' s lost son . And , oh , proudest task , be it mine to indite Tbe long-delayed tribute a freeman must write , Till then shall its theme in my breast deeply dwell So peace to thy slumber , dear shade , fare thee well .

      _»Nnnd0.

      _» _nnnD 0 .

      Alloa Locke, Tailor And Foetj An Autobio...

      Alloa Locke , Tailor and Foetj an Autobio graphy . Two Vols . Chapman and Hall , London , 18-50 . We understand the author of this remarkable and admirable exposition of ihe _rotteness of ddt political and social system is a clergyman cf the Established Church . Itis thoroughly and sensibly in earnest , and is one of the finest , deepest , and most eloquent invectives against society ever issued from the press . The intimate knowledge of the actual condition and hardships of the working classes , exhibited by the writer , is perfectly marvellous for a person occupying his position ; and in

      these days , when so many ofthe class to which he belongs are devoting the whole of their energies to the restoration of the ancient despotism of the clerical order , it is gratifying to think that so powerful a counterblast should have been sounded from the same quarter . The author avows himself a Chartist , the principles of which party he boldly and forcibly upholds . He shows himself fully aware of the miseries of our so-called civilisation . Much and often as we "have heard of the foul black stains npon this gilded metropolis of ours , their foulness and blackness has seldom been so eloquently , never so vividly , described . To a true and touching sincerity of purpose , the author adds a felicity of description and expression rarely surpassed in modern

      literature . One object of Alton Locke is to depict the sufferings of the town and country poor , arising , in the city , from the cupidity of capitalists and the pressure of competition—in the country , from tlie want of capital and of spirit among the farmers . Another is to exhibitthe character and feelings of the citizen , self-edncated enough to speculate upon what is passing around bim , to be -wounded by -what he undergoes , and to look for social amelioration through political change . In the concrete , the work is evidently intended to uphold the principles of the Charter , and to advocate the adoption of a refined Communism , "with a democratic Christianity for its basis . The form into which the author has cast his

      matter is that ofthe autobiographical fiction . Alton Locke , the hero , is the son of a small tradesman , -whose brother has risen in life in proportion as himself has sunk . After a struggle , the poor man dies " of bad debts and a broken heart ; " leaving Alton in charge of his mother , a rigid and sour Calvinist . His dreamy boyhood in a mean suburban street , his occasional glimpses of London and the country , his natural notions of God in contrast _Tvith those of his mother and the "

      ministers" "who sponge npon her , poor as she is , are very ably done . In his early teens , Alton Locke , by means of his uncle , is placed with a "West-end tailor ; and the account of his selfeducation , through the instrumentality of an old Scotch bookseller , -with the low humours of a tailor's workshop , occupies some space . On a quarrel originating in his reading Milton and TirgiL his mother turns him ont of doors .. He takes up his abode with Sandy Mackaye , the bookseller ; joins a friend resisting a reduction for wages ; turns Chartist ; gets a living by -writing for Chartist newspapers and cheap publications ; and publishes a volume of poems -with some success . Doubts , however , having

      been thrown upon his honesty , in a rage he undertakes a country mission ; the rustics are too obtuse to understand his politics—instead of agitating for the Charter , they plunder a farm-yard , setting fire to what they cannot carry off ; and Alton Locke is condemned for riot , & c ., and sentenced to three years' imprisonment . On his release he joins the abortive plot of the 10 th of April , catches a fever , through accompanying an old fellow workman to one of the dens iri which poverty shelters ; and on his recovery is converted to the Christianity we spoke of , by a charitable lady , and , in company -with a brother Chartist , departs for Texafe , bnt dies in sight of land .

      Such is the machinery , in connexion -with a love plot , the author has chosen for -working out the objects we have enumerated . A few _ ctracts will serve to indicate his manner , and the variety of his style . Here is a description and a defence of the intellectual poor : — Ay , respectable gentlemen and ladies , I will confess all to you—you shall have , if you enjoy it , a fresh opportunity for indulging that supreme pleasure which the press daily affords you , of insulting the classes whose powers most of you know as little as you do their sufferings . Tes ; the Chartist poet is vain , conceited , ambitions , uneducated , shallowinexperiencedenvious _^ ferocious ,

      scur-, , _rilous , seditions , traitorous . "Is your charitable vocabulary exhausted f ' Then ask yourselves , how -often have yon yourself honestly resisted ' and _conjured the temptation to any one of these sins , when it ha 3 come across yon just once in a way , ' and . not as they came to me ' , as they come to thousands of the working men , daily and hourly , " till'their torments do , by length of time , become their _elements ? mat ! are we covetous too ? ' Yes ! Aud if those who have , like you , still covet more , what wonder rf those who have nothing covet something ? Profligate top ? _^? e 1 , though that imputation as a generality is utterly calumnious , ' though your amount of respectable animal enioyment _ner

      annum 13 a Hundred times as great as that ofthe most self-indulgent artisan ; yet , it you had ever felt what it is to want , not only every liixurv of the senses , but even bread tb eat ' , you would think more mercifnllyof the man who makes up hy " rare excesses , and those only bf the limited kinds possible to hini-, for long intervals of dull privation and says in his madness , "Let us eat and drink for _to- morrow-we die ! " "We have onr sins , and ybu have yours . OurBraay be the more ' gross and _barfcaric , but yours are none the less damnable ; perhaps allthe more so , - for being the sleek , subtle reliious sins

      respectable , g they are . , Ton are frantic enough If our part of the press calls you hard names , but you cannot see that your part ofthe press repays It back tons with interest . ' IF * see those insults ; and feet them ' bitterly enough-and do not forget them / alas ! soon- enough , whOe they pass unheeded by your delicate eyes * as trivial truisms , . Horrible , unprincipled , villanouB , _sediitiora _, frantic ,, _bliwpbemoas , are epithets of course when applied to—to now large a portion ' of tnefEng hsh . people , 7 ou will some'da _^ _diswreT to your astonishment . ' " When ' will ' that'day Wme , and how ? « thunder , and storm , and garments rolled in

      Alloa Locke, Tailor And Foetj An Autobio...

      blood ? _orhkethedewon the : mown grass , and the clear shining of the sunlight after April rain ? One of the most graphic passages in the book is the description of his introduction to the tailors workshop , and of its inmates , upon whom the combined influences of physical and moral deterioration had surely and sadly , done their work . I stumbled after Mr . Jone 3 np a dark , narrow , iron staircase , till we emerged through a trap-door into a garret at the top of the house . I recoiled with disgust at the scene before me ; and here I was to work—perhaps _throush life ! A low lean-to hlood ? or hkethedewi on the : _mnm „ _-. _ . _„„

      -room , stifling me with the combined odours of human breath and perspiration , stale beer , tho sweet sickly smell of gin , and the sour and hardly less disgusting one of new cloth . . On the floor , thick with dust and dirt , scraps of stuff and ends of thread , sat down some haggard , untidy , shoeless men , with a mingled look of care and recklessness that made me shudder . The windows , were tight closed to keep out the cold winter air ; and the condensed breath ran in streams down the panes , chequering tho dreary out look of chimney tops and smoke . The conductor handed me over to one of tbem , "

      A burst of chatter rose as the foreman vanished , and a tall , bloated , sharpnosed young man next me bawled in my ear , — " What do you mean ?" "'Ainthe just green ?—Down with the stumpya tizzy for a pot of half-and-half . ' ' " 1 never drink beer . " . " Then never do , " whispered the man at my side ; " as sure as hell ' s hell , it ' s your only chance . " There was a fierce , deep earnestness in the tone which made me look up at the speaker , but the other instantly chimed in , — " Oh , yer don ' t , don't yer , my young Father Mathy ? then yer'll soon learn it here if yer want to keep yer victuals down . " " And I bave promised to take my wages home to my mother . "

      " 0 criminy ! hark to that my coves ! here's a chap as is going to take the blunt home to his mammy . " ' "T ' aint much of it the old ' un see , " said another . " Yen yer pockets it at the Cock and Bottle , my kiddy , yer won't find much of it left o' Sunday mornings . " " I say , young'un , do you know why we ' re nearer heaven here tban our neighbours ?" I shouldn't have thought so , " answered I with a naivete which raised a laugh , and dashed the tall man for a moment . "

      " Ter don't ? then Til tell yer . A cause we ' re a top of the Louse in the first place , and next place yer'll die here six months sooner nor if yer worked In the room below . 'Aint that logic and science , Orato ? " appealing to Crosthwaite . "Why ? " asked I . "A cause you get all the other floor stinks * up here as well as yonr own . Concentrated essence of man ' s flesh , is this here as you ' re a breathing . Cellar . workrooms we calls Rheumatic Ward , because ofthe damp . Ground-floor ' s Fever Ward—them as

      don't get typhus gets dysentery , and them as don ' t getdysente _' ry gets typhus—your nose'd tell yer why if you opened the back windy . First floor ' s Ashmy Ward—don ' t you hear ' um now through the cracks in the boards , a puffing away like a ne 3 t of young locomotives ? And this here most august and upper-crust cockloft is the Conscrumptive Hospital . First you begins to cough , then you proceeds to expectorate—spittoons , as you see , perwided free gracious for nothing—fined a kivarteu if you spits on the floor . "

      This is a true specimen of the actual thing . Tet it is the abode , not of ignorance or inexperience , but the work-room of a first-class tailor , a man of wealth , and , as he is afterwards described , an excellent specimen of his class , and a far better man than his successor , who takes up the " sweating system , " and deprives the workmen of half the wages earned in this pestilential atmosphere . Here is a forcible censure upon the government for its complicity in this infernal system of robbery .

      Government—government ? Tou a tailor , and not know that government are the very authors of this system ? 25 ot to know that they first set the example , by getting the 2 rmy and navy clothes made by contractors , and taking the lowest tenders ? Hot to knew tbat tbe piltce clothes , tbe postman's clothes , the convicts' clothes , are all contracted for on the same infernal . plan , by sweaters , and sweater ' s sweaters ; and sweater ' s sweater ' s sweaters till government work is just the very last , lowest resource to whieh a poor starred-out wretch betakes himself to keep body and soul together ? Why , the government prices , in almost every department , are half , and less than half , the very lowest living

      price . I tell you , the careless iniquity of government about these things will come out some day . It will be known , tbe whole abomination , and future generations will class it with the tyrannies of the Roman emperors and the Kormon barons . Why , it ' s a fact , that the colonels of the regiments—noblemen , most of them—make their own vile profit out of us tailors—out ofthe pauperism of the men . the slavery of the children , the prostitution ofthe women . They get so much a uniform allowed them by government to clothe the men with ; ahd thenthen , they let out the jobs to the contractors at less than half what government gives them , and pocket the difference . And then you talk of appealing to

      government . One quality of the author is the power of _bringing rapidly together the real or apparent falaciesof the time that pass for arguments , in snch a manner as to seem to expose their emptiness . . This attack upon the modern system of business is a specimen . Well , one day our employer died . He had been one ofthe old sort of _fasionable West-end tailors in the fast decreasing honourable trade ; keeping a modest shop , hardly to be distinguished from a dwelling house , except by his name on the window-blinds . He paid good prices for his work , though not as good , of course , as he had given twenty years before , and nrided himself upon having all his work done at

      home . His work-rooms , as I have said , were no elysiums ; but still as good , alas ! as those of three tailors out of four . He was proud , luxurious , foppish ; but he was honest and kindly enough , and did many a generous thing by men who had been long in his employ . At all events , his journeymen could live on what he paid them . But his son , succeeding to the business , determined , like Rehohoam of old , to go a-head with the times . Fired with the great spirit of the nineteenth century—at least with that one which is vulgarly considered its especial glory—he resolved to make haste to be rich . His father had made money very slowlv of late ; while dozens , who had begun business long after him , had now retired to luxurious

      ease and suburban villas . Why should he remain in the minority ? Why should he not get rich as fast as he could f Why should he stick to the old , slow-going , honourable trade ? Out of some four hundred and fifty West-end tailors , there were not one hundred left who were old-fashioned and stupid cnonghto go on keeping down their own profits by having all their work done at home and at first hand . Ridiculous scruples ! The government knew none such . Where not the army clothes , the Post Office clothes , the policemen's clothes , furnished by contractors and sweaters , wbo hired the work at low prices , and let it out again to journeymen at still lower oneB ? Why should he pay his men two shillings where the government paid them one ?

      Were there not cheap houses even at the West-end , which had saved s everal thousands a year merely by reducing their workmen's wages ? And if tho workmen choose to take lower wages , he was not bound actually to make them a present of more than they asked for ! They would go to the cheapest market for anything they wanted , and so must he . Be _* _-ides , wages had really heen quite exorbitant ; Half his men threw each of them as much money away in gin and beer yearly as would pay two workmen at -a cheap houBe . "Why was he to be robbing his family of comforts to pay for their extravagance ? and charging his customers , too ,

      unnecessarily high prices?—it was really robbing the public ! Sucb , I suppose , were some of the arguments which led to an official announcement , one Saturday night , that our young employer intended to enlarge his establishment , for the purpose of commencing business iii the " show trade ; " and ' that , emulous of Messrs . Aaron , Levi , and the rest of that class , magnificent- alterations were to take place in the premises ; to make room for which , our work-rooms were to be demolished ; and that for that reason _** for of ' course it was only for that' reason—all work would in'future be given out , to be made up at the men ' s own homes .

      TVe might have extracted numerous highly wrought dramatic pictures of real life , but our space warns us to conclude with the following unanswerable argument for granting the Charter , as far as the working classes are concerned . Why , didn't they tell us , before the Reform Bill , that extension of tbe suffrage was to cure everything ? And how can you have too much ofa good thing ? -We ' ve only taken them at their word , we Chartists .: -Haven't all politicians been preaching for years that England ' s national greatness was all owing ,, to her political institutions- _^ to Magna ynarta , and the Bill of Rights , and representative _pwbamenfe ; ' and all that ? It' was but' the other _^• tfu _^^ : 0 _* 80 me Tory paper , that talked _aboutf * _htfEuglM h ; constitution _^ nd the . balance , of i _yaeea , _ _sros , and Commons , as tha " _TaUsmanio

      Alloa Locke, Tailor And Foetj An Autobio...

      Palladium of the country . 'Gad , we'll see if a move onward in the same line won ' t better the matter . ir the balance" of classes is such a blessed thing , the sooner we get the balance equal , the better ; fer its rather lopsided just now , no one can deny . So , representative institutions- are tbe talismanic palladium of the nation , aro they ? The palladium of the classes that have them , I dare say ; and that ' s the very best reason why the classes that haven ' t got ' em should look out for the same palladium for themselves , What ' s sauce / or the gander is sauce for the goose , isn't it ? We'll trywe'll see whether the talisman they talk of bas lost its . power all of a sudden since ' 32—whether we can ' t rub the magic ring a little for ourselves , and call up genii to help us out ' of the mire , as the shopkeepers and the gentlemen have done . . u .: ... _« _,

      Pictures Of The First French Revolution....

      Pictures of the First French Revolution . By M . Lamartine . Darnley . By _G-. P . B . James . Vols . XLV . and XL VI . of the " Parlour Library . '' Simms and M'Intyre , London . These two volumes worthily sustain tho character and excellence of this excellent and popular series of volumes , -which bring the productions of the best writers within the reach of the poor man , and enable him , at tbe cost of a shilling , to place on his book shelves as his own , works which a short time since he would have had to pay as much to a circulating library for liberty to read . The Pictures of the First French Revolution are selected from

      Lamartine ' s larger and well-known work , The JBistory ofthe Girondists , andpourtray vividly and powerfully many of the most exciting passages of the astounding and most thrilling of dramas that ever was acted on tho stage ofthe world . Comrnencing with a brief summary of causes which led to the revolution and its first outbreak , the volume presents , in succession , the leading incidents in the life of Louis XVI ., from the flight to Varennes to his execution by the gullotine , in what waB then the Place de la Revolution , now the Place de la Concorde , in front of the Tuileries . As specimens ofthe spirit in which the ex-member of the Provisional Government , formed by the third revolutionary crisis , treats the subject , we take the following : —

      TITE SENTENCE . The aspect of the town was menacing , the aspect ofthe Convention ominous . The passages and interior of tbe hall ofthe Convention seemed arranged for an execution rather than for the pronouncing of judgment . The hour , the place , the narrow avenues and sombre arches of . tbis gloomy monastery , the dim light of the few lamps that struggled with the shadows ofa winter ' s night , and threw a pallid shade upon every face ; the clash and glitter of arms at all the doors ; the pieces of cannon at the principal gates , by which the gunners stood match in hand , less to intimidate the people than to be ready to turn their pieces against the hall , if the fatal sentence was not pronounced ; the hoarse roar of the innumerable crowd filling up every adjacent street and pressing against the walls of the building , as if to catch the first murmur of the verdict : the

      movements of the patrols dashing aside the ocean of men to make way for the passage of some of the representatives who were late in arriving ; tbe costumes , the countenances , the bonnets rouges , the carmagnoles , the lowering brows , hoarse voices , and atrocious and significant gestures—all seemed calculated to make the inexorable fiat , already pronounced by the people , enter by every avenue of sense into the minds of the judges , "His death or thine ! " was the single sentence muttered in a low voice , but with an imperative accent , in the ear of each deputy as he threaded the groups to take up his position . Persons accustomed to attend the sittings of the Convention , and who knew each member by sight , were placed at stated distances , and these spies of the people named the deputies in a loud voice as they _parsed , pointing out the doubtful , threatening the timid , insulting the lenient , and applauding the inflexible .

      At the names of Marat , Danton , Robespierre , Collot d'Herbois , and Camille Desmoulins , the crowd parted with respect , to give passage to these men who represented the wrath of the people ; but when Yergniaud , Brissot , Lanjuinais , and Boissy d'Anglas passed , frowning brows , clenched hands , and pikes and sabres brandished over their heads , showed clearly that the people would be obeyed or revenged . The interior of the hall was dimly and unequally lighted ; the lustre which bung from the ceiling , and the lamps on the table , diffused a brilliant light through some portions of the hall , and along the vaulted roof , but throw the remainder into yet deeper obscurity . Tbe public tribunes which ascended gradually , as in an amphitheatre , till they met and blended with the elevated benches of the Mountain , were crammed with spectators as

      in a Roman circus ; and , as in these ancient spectacles , the front rows were crowded with women , their youthful faces adorned with tri-coloured ribbons , who sat chatting and laughing among themselves , exchanging bows and smiles , and only assuming a look of seriousness and . attention when reckoning the votes , and pricking them on a card with a pin as they were announced from tho tribune . Servants belonging to the hall moved about amongst the different benches , carrying trays loaded with ices , oranges , and other refreshments , which they distributed to these women . On the very highest grades of the circle were ranged the men of the people , in their ordinary working-day dross , eager and attentive , repeating in loud voices to one another the name and vote of the deputy who had been just called , and greeting him with applause or murmurs as he returned to bis seat . The lowest of

      tho public tribunes were occupied by butchers' apprentices , their blood-stained aprons tucked up at one side in _. their belts , and the handles of their long knives ostentatiously projecting from the folds of cloth that ; served them as a sheath . The open space in the centre of the hall was filled with a mingled crowd of spectators and deputies , surging and agitated like the waves of ocean , dividing every moment , to give passage to the voters _, as they were summoned to the tribune , or returned to their places , and closing again as they passed ; The first votes heard by the Assembly left all minds in uncertainty . Death and banishment resounded alternately , as if equally balanced . The king ' s fate rested evidently on the first vote given

      by a leader of the Girondists ; for this vote would no doubt determine those of his entire party , and from thoir numbers , if unanimous , the Girondists were certain of irrevocably deciding the majority . Thus life and deatb , in some degree , hung upon thc lips of Vergniaud , their leader . The voters were summoned according to the alphabetical order of tbeir departments , consequently every one watched with anxiety for the arrival of the letter G , which would summon to the tribune the deputies of the Gironde , and Vergniaud the first . As it was called , all conversation ceased , all eyes were turned upon him alone . He slowly mounted the steps ofthe tribune , collected himself for a moment , with his eyes bent on the ground like a man who reflects for the

      last time before acting , then in a low voice , as if struggling with the feelings which still appealed within him , he pronounced the word " _Deatli . The silence of astonishment seemed to have suppressed the very breathing in the hall . Robespierre ' s lip curled with an almost imperceptible smile ; Danton shrugged his shoulders , and whispered to Brissot , ' * Boast of your orators now : sublime words—coward acts ! What can be done with such men ? Speak to me no more of them ! Their party is lost . " Hope died away in the hearts of the few friends of the king who were concealed in the hall and amongst the tribunes . They felt that the victim was surrendered by the hand of Vergniaud , The voting continued . All the Girondists , Buzot ,

      Barbaroux , Pethion , Isnarn , Lasource , Salles , Brissot , Rebecqui ,. voted with Vergniaud for death . The greater number ' added , the condition of suspension of execution . The Mountflin , ' > lmost . without exception , voted for death . Robespierre , condensing in a few words the substance of his first discourse , attempted to reconcile his horror of the punishment ofdeath withthe condemnation that fell from his lips . He accomplished it by asserting that tyrants were an exception to humanity , and by declaring that his tenderness "for the oppressed prevailed in his heart over pity for the oppressor . The Duke of Orleans was summoned , the last . A profound silence followed his name . _Silleryj'his friend and confidant , had _votedagainst death ; . and every one expected claim

      that the pjirice would act like his friend , or exemption from voting in the name of nature ana kindred . Even the Jacobins considered him exempted , but he would not admit the plea himself . Slowly and . without emotion he ascended the tribune , unfolded a paper whieh he held in his hand , and read with a stoical demeanour the following words : — " Solely occupied with my duty , convinced that all those who ' havo attempted , or may attempt in future , to maintain a sovereignty over the people , merit death , I vote for death ! " These words were received in silence and astonishment , even by the to

      very party to whom the Duke of Orleans seemea offerthemas a pledge . No look , no gesture , no . voice rose even from the Mountain to applaud him ; a shudder ran along the benches and tribunes of the Assembly , and tbe Duke of Orleans descended from the tribune confused and doubtful from these first symptoms' of the effect of the act hehad committed . The examination of the votes was tedious and lull of doubt ' and anxiety . Death and life , as in a struggle , were alternately in the ascendant , accor ding as chance Had grouped the suffrages inthe' lists -drawn by ' the secretaries ' ., '' . . ';; . . ' __ "';; : " . _; Z ' _ ,. '< Vergniaud read the result / of the scrutiny . ¦ " » _cxmventf on ' consisted ef 727 Voters : of these m

      Pictures Of The First French Revolution....

      -Wh fid _-i-aWbpen- S or imprisonment ; 387 foi ZiS _^ P en » wn ' of the execution . The votes SSha : J < le < l ( , ? _\ thefwt - _-six ™ > _^ r J , ™ ' ? s _««» tion , there remained only an cientto SS ?* - br _? e Y 0 tes would have been 8 « ffitwelve oJ _« _£ J *™* - _» was therefore the flnn < r ? h » _rf « ' _- en ch _- f the Gironde who had iMenw _^ _% _^? I - * intftthe balance * Death _- the _^ GiSS W 18 h 0 fthe JaC ° bins Wa 8 tLe act ° _* The parting of the King -with his family , previous to _^ _his execution , is powerfully _descnoea . Ihe commissioners did not dare to allow the interview to be private .

      They deliberated , therefore , how best torecon-?* _£ l _» _w mten _^ n ° , f the decre _«' _* _t-he _rLour of _shouldtUS _^^ _. r _^* that _«» e _fe ting _nniutated bv lCe i , n ? d ™ nJ- ™ m , which _com-KTh . ; yaga ? sdoor with another apartment elves th _l n ommiss _*<>«* ers agreed to station themselves _, -the door was to remain closed upon the hnvf ? h - hl 8 faa _£ _K but the _commissionerfwould have their eyes fixed on them through the glass . By this means if their attitudes , _festures , and ItT'ZZ * Pr _° faned _» y the _glanced strangers " then * words at loast would be inviolable . A short time before tbe princesses descended , the king left the turret , enjoining his confessor not to aopear _, least the presence of a priest might recal the thought of death too vividly to tho mind of the queen . He then passed into the dinim ? -room to

      prepare the space necessary for the interview . Bring a glass and some water , " said he to his servant , ciery Bhowed him a carafe of iced water already on tbe . table . " Bring somo water that is not iced , said the king ; » for if the queen drank of that it might make her ill . " At length the door opened , and the queen , holding her son by the hand , was tbe first to enter . She sprang into tlio arms of the king , and ' mado a rapid movement as if to lead him into his own chamber , out of si _<* -ht of the •¦

      spectators . No no , " said the king in a low voice , pressing his wife to his heart , and drawing her back into the dining-room , ' " I can only see you here . " Madame Elizabeth followed withthe princess royal , and Clery closed the door on them . The king gently forced Marie Antoinette into a chair at his right hand , and placed Madame Elizabeth on his left , while he took his place between them . The chairs were so close that tho two princesses , as they bent over him , encircled his neck with their arms , and laid their heads upon his breast

      . Tbe princess royal , with her head supported upon his knees , and her long hair falling around her , seemed half prostrated before him . The dauphin was seated on his father ' s knee , with one arm passed round his neck . These five persons , thus grouped by the instinct of tenderness , and convulsively pressed in eachother ' _s arms , with their faces hidden oh the breast of the king , formed to the eye ofthe spectators butone palpitating mass of human agony , from whence issued murmurs , sobs , and sometimes shrieks of grief , as if the despair of five souls had been blended into one to burst forth or die in a single embrace . During more than half an hour no word passed their lips . It was a passion

      of grief in which the voices of father , women , chiL dren , were lost and commingled in tears and groans . Sobs answered sobs , and sometimes a cry would arise so sharp and agonising that it pierced the doors , the windows , the very walls of tho tower , and was heard even in the _neighbouring quarters . But at last exhaustion of strength lulled the expression ' s of grief , their tears dried upon their eyelids , and a conversation began in low whispers , mingled with kisses and caresses , wliich lasted for two hours . No one without heard these final confidences of the dying to tho survivors . The tomb or the prison stifled them in every heart a tew months later . The princess royal alone preserved the record in her memory . Nothing was heard by those without except a tender and confused murmur of voices , but the commissioners from time to timo glanced furtively through the glass door as if to warn the king that

      time was passing . When at last the sufferers were exhausted with tenderness , tears , and lamentations , the king rose , and pressed them all to his bosom in one long embrace . The queen throw herself at his feet , and conjured him to permit them to remain with bim that last night , but he refused out of tenderness for those whose affection might have been fatal to themselves ; alleging , as a pretext , the necessity he felt for afew hours of seclusion and trantranquillity , in order to prepare all his strength for the morrow . Bui he promised his family to have them summoned to him tbe next morning at eight . "Why not at seven ? " asked the queen . "Well then , at seven , " replied the king . " You promise that _?*' they all'cried . "I promise , " repeated the king . They crossed the ante-chamber , tho queen's arm encircling his neck , the princess royal and . Madame Elizabeth clinging to bim at the other side , while the dauphin , holding tbe queen ' s hand in one of his and the king ' s in the other , gazed up earnestly into his father ' s face .

      But as they advanced towards the stairs , their lamentations redoubled . They tore themselves from his arms , and then again fell upon his breast in all the renewed agony of lovo and grief . At last the king retreated a few stops , nnd stretching out his arms towards the queen , "Adieu . ' adieu ! " ho exclaimed , with a gesture , a look , and a voice in which were concentrated a whole world of past tenderness of present anguish , and of future separation , yet in which might be distinguished an accent of serenity and religious joy that indicated tbe vague yet confident hope of a re-union in a better world . At this adieu , the young princess royal glided fainting from the arms of Madame Elizabeth , and fell senseless at her father ' s feet . Clery , her aunt , and the queen , rushed towardsher to raise her up and Eustain her to the staircase .

      During this movement the king retired to his room , his face covered with his hands , but when he reached the threshold he turned for tbe last time and uttered the final adieu in a voice broken with sobs . As to Darnley , it is well known to be one of the most interesting that has proceeded from the prolific pen of the veteran novelist , and , at this time of day , needs no recommendation from us .

      Tlie Future: An Advocate Of Social And D...

      Tlie Future : an advocate of Social and Democratic Progress . No II . Collins , 113 , _Fleet'Street , London . This is the first number we have seen of a new monthly periodical intended to herald a better future for the Proletarians , to be the advocate of social and democratic progress , aud the register and supporter of all movements calculated to elevate the condition ofthe people . Judging from the contents , we have no hesitation in saying , that the writers are thoroughly and honestly in earnest ; and this

      new addition to the democratic press deserves - —as we hope it will receive—cordial and substantial support . It professes to be the property of working men , is printed by the Working Printers' Association , and pledges itself to be the earnest advocate of the working men . These ought , of themselves , to constitute sufficient claims on the support of the industrious classes ; but we have to add , fthat The Future is varied in'its contents , and written with considerable ability . Of the spirit in which it is conducted , bur readers may judge from the following extract : —

      UNION . Reformers at home having tho Bamo end in view , but who have hitherto disagreed as to means , arc now coming together to adjust or inquire into those differences which have hitherto kept them apart , fighting single ' -hahded against the hydra-headed evils of society , and are now seeking common ground on which they can stand , shoulder to shoulder , and with their combined energy and strength do battle against ignorance and oppression . ' . Two parties who havo long been in the holy crusade have already met for the above specific purpose —they are the Social Reformers and the Political Reformers , ¦ otherwise' . Chartists and Socialists .

      Both havo for years laboured assiduously in their own way—sometimes quarrelling with each other _^ and both have done much good , but expect to do much' more in a less space of time than heretofore when this common ground which they seek can be found . God grant that it / may ! If we come to sift tho why and the wherefore of the long separation of these two bodies , I think we might discover it to be very trivial , or at least not sufficient to warrant' a division among tho army of the people . . The great difforehco between thorn is -one believes redemption can be attained best through the re-organization of the sooial arrangements of society by tho peoplo themselves without the necessity for legislative interference ; the other ,

      letting alone social questions fov tlio present , argue the impossibility of reform of any pernancy or extent unless supported , backed , proteoted by parliament ; for , say they , government constituted as it is of those who deem the rights and privileges we , the working classes seek , inimical with their own ; will never ( having the power and will to prevent ) permit us to have them ; and , therefore , all our endeavours are of no avail , ' seeing that they can be annihilated , wheaever those individuals choose , and that will be , of course , when we are bettering bur condition at the expepse ' _. of a little of their superfluities . Again , the ' Sooial Reformers ' assert , the people , . as yetj would , be no better with the Charter than they are now * without it , _beoause they understand not what their sooial position

      Tlie Future: An Advocate Of Social And D...

      should be .. The classes now in possession oi power _,, legislatorial and social , make a lamentable use * of it . Arid why ? Because in the majority of cases they know no better . Supp ly their places with others equally misinformed , and you will only reap the same harvest of disappointed hopes and suffering , # This , then , being the views of the two parties , it is evident the first and greatest duty to be accomplished by each body in order to the attainment of their end is the awakening of the great mas 1 the people from the dark deep ignorance in whioh they are now steeped , to a knowledge of the misery , injustice , and degradation heaped upon them in conse quence . For it is too true , whatever may be said to , the contrary , that all but

      governments are reflexes of the people they govern ; aye , even , though not one-hundredth part of the people are what is termed represented therein—they are ever and always represented . therein I How so ? Thus : Suppose twenty men ruled by one — if that one be ignorant , selfish , brutish , must not tho twenty be much' more so , not to feel their position and see his errors . Thus is the ignorance of the governed represented in that of the governor . So is it with nations—so is it with this country at present ; the great mass of its people are more ignorant than their rulers , and the task . of the enlightened few must be to enlighten the many ; and when that is accomplished , the one man unaided could no more hold out against the twenty than could an aristocracy against a people .

      Here , it is evident , can be found a common ground for action , and as it should be and is the first that ought to be taken , inasmuch as there must be shown evils and wrongs to exist before persuasion to adopt other arrangements can be consistently used . Another common ground upon which it is pretty certain our Social and Political friends can unite is the advocacy of Land Common Property , which , though in other words , ; is a declaration tbat all men are equal ; and what affirmation other than that is more likely to make men think of each other as brethren ; and induce them to inquire after and acquiesce in all arrangements likely to make them live in lovo . together . And who for

      a moment doubts they can work , hand and heart , with each other for freedom of thought and expression—to destroy a forced Godworship , upheld by devilish means for diabolical ends ? None ! These three courses , forming , as they undoubtedly do , the grand , broad outline of Radical Reform , may , with a little bearing and forbearing on each side , be accepted as mutual ground for a common causo , and rest assured tho other subordinate strokes or touches requisite for the completion and harmony of the glorious picture of Salvation and harmony will , as usual , be discovered and given while in its progressive state , till tho glorious task be finished and rendered f "A thing of beauty , and ajoy for ever .- "

      Mtmm

      _Mtmm

      A Mionqscono Dividend.—Iu Tho Matter Of ...

      A Mionqscono Dividend . —Iu tho matter of Bowles , Og ' , and Wyndham , * of Shaftesbury and Salisbury , bankers , who were bankrupts in 1810 , a final dividend of one-eighth part of a penny in the pound has been declared . A Large Ordkr . —A young woman went the other day into the shop of a butcher in the upper part of Richmond Row , and with rather a pompous air , ordered , a quarter of a pound of gravy beef ! The butcher , who is a clever wag , looked at her in amazement , and stepping up to her said , " Pray , ma ' am is all for one establishment ?"

      Female Pkize Shooters . —A Mrs ; Simmonds , who , it appears , can be heard of at the Crown Inn , Salford , challenges Mrs . Wilkinson , or any other female in England , to , a match at rifle , pistol , or pigeon shooting , for 100 guineas . The expressions of Mrs . Simmonds are very startling : she says she " is open to shoot Mrs . Wilkinson or any otber female in England . " _CuniosiTV . —A gentleman dining with a friend one day , was struck by the earnestness with which a little girl regarded him , and taking her on his lap

      caressed her . "Please , sir , " said she , "tell me what is in the house next to yon ? I'd like very much to know , and to see it . " "And tell me , my little dear , why you wish to know ? " " Because I heard mamma say , sir , tbat you was next door to a . brute . " Editors and Printers in . California . —Editors receive 6 , 000 dollars a year ; city reporters . 3 , 600 dollars ; marine reporters , 6 , 000 dollars ; foremen , 5 000 dollars ; and compositors , 4 , 000 dollars . These are the actual prices paid by the Pacific Neivs for the daily matter prepared for that paper . The expenses for the year reach 100 , 000 dollars .

      -Why is a kiss like a rumour ? Because it goes from mouth to mouth . . ¦ # Why is a gunsmith ' s shop like a chicken pie ? Becauso they both contain fowl-in-pieces . " Well , Mr . Jackson , " said , a clergyman to his parishioner , " Sunday must be a blessed day to you . You work hard six days , and the seventh youcune to church . " "Yes , " said Mr . Jackson , "I work hard all the week , and thon I comes to church , sits me down , cocks up me legs , and thinks of nothing ! " . *

      A Dear Retort . —A female servant sweeping out a bachelor ' s room , found a fourponny piece on the carpet , which she carried to the owner . "You may keep it for your honesty , " said be , smiling , and chucking her under the chin . A short time after he missed his gold pencil-case , and inquired of the girl if she had seen it . "Yes , sir , " was the reply " And what did you do with it ? " " Kept it for my honesty , sir ! " The old bachelor grinned horribly a ghastly smile , and vanished . The Eye . —Ic is more difficult to make the . eye He than any other organ we are possessed of . To tell what a woman says , pay attention to her tongue . If you Wish to ascertain what Bhe means , pay attention to her eye . To talk in opposition to tlie heart is one of thc easiest things in the world—to look this opposition , however , is more difficult than algebra . The Sterling Value of a Ducal Kiss . —The

      Duke of Marlborough of parsimonious celebrity , superintends personally the produce of his dairy , and not uiifrequently sells the milk to tbe village children with his own hands . Ono morning a pretty girl presented her penny and a pitcher to his grace for ' milk . Pleased with the appearance of the child , hevatted her on the head , and gave her a kiss . "Now , " said he , " my pretty lass , you may toll as long as you live , that you have been kissed by a duke . " " Ah , but , " replied tbe child , ** you took the penny though !"

      Thrm ' s TJm . — " I say , captain , " said a little keeneyed man , as he landed from the steamer Potomac at Natchez , " I say , captain , these here an ' t all . I have left sometbin' on board , that ' s a fact . " " Them ' s all the plunder you brought on board anyhow . " " Well , see now , I grant its OK accordin ' to list—four boxes , three chests , two bandboxes , a portmanty , two hams , one part cut , three ropes of inyans , and a teakettle ; but you see , captain , I ' m dubersome ; I feel there ' s sometbin' short . Though I ' ve counted um over nine times , and never took my eyes off um while on board , there ' s _somethin' not right , _som-how . " "Weil , ' stranger , time's up ; them ' s all I knowon ; so just' fetch your wife and five children out of the cabin , cos I'm off . " . ' " Them ' s

      um ! darn it , them ' s um ! I know I had forgot sometbin' . " —American paper . ' . Thb American papers _s ate that the last scenes ofthe popular branch of this Parliament were not calculated to illustrate the dignity , of constitutional legislatures , but were , on the contrary , of the most disgraceful nature . It is stated that the majority of the Members were drunk , and amused themselves by making paper bullets and flinging them at each other ' s cheeks and noses . One of them , being more drunk than the rest , resented this treatment and threatened to respond by throwing inkstands , but his antagonists appeasedhim , and then pelted bim by stealth , so that he could not tell who to throw at iu turn . Meanwhile the few who were sober , or

      partially so , were passing laws with railroad speed . Old English Sforts as Preservatives of Courage . —It was formerly thought effeminate Hot to hunt Jews ; then not to roast heretics ; . then not to bait bears and bulls ; then not to fight cocks and to throw sticks at them . All these evidences of manhood became gradually looked iipoh as ' no such evidences at all , but things fit only for manhood to renounce ; jet the battle of Waterloo , and Sobraon have been won , and Englishmen are not a jot the less brave all over the world . Probably they are braver , that is to say , more deliberately bravci more serenely valiant ; also more merciful to the helpless , and that is the crown of . valour . —Tlie Autobiography of Leigh Hunt . :,. . ' ¦ . ? .. ¦ A _& _E-W-Zbalander ' s Desire to be Eaten . —

      ' I ' ve been among tho New Zealanders , ' ¦ quoth Jack , " and there they use each other for fresh grub as _regular as boiled duff ih a man-of-war ' s mess . They used to eat their fathers and mothers when they got too old to take care of themselves ; but now they ve got ( tobe more civilised , and so they only eat _jickety children and slaves , and enemies taken m battle . ' " A decided instance of the progress of improvement , and the march of mind , " said I . " Well , " replied Jack , " it ' s a bad thing forthe old folks . They . don ' t take to the new fashion ; they are in favour of the good old custom . I never seed the thing myself ; but Bill Brown , a messmate of minei'bhcotoldme

      that , when he was at the Bay of Islands , he see'd a great many poor souls going about , with tears in their eyes , trying to get somebody to eat _thrhi . One of them came off to : the ship , and told them that he could not find rest in the stomachs of any of his kindred , and wanted to . know if the _, crew could ' nt take him in . The skipper told him he was ou monstrous short allowance , but he couldn ' t aocommodate him . The poor old fellow , Bill said , looked as if his heart would break ; ; 'there were plenty of _sharks round the ship , ahd the skipper advised him to iump overboard , but he couldn ' t bear the idea of being eaten rM . _—Blackyioti , ' _-- .. ' _'"''

      ?Wn?«?I Caij Bisqualificatioins, Generative Incapacity , And, Impediments To Marriage. : !. L 5i* T W L'8t E *? Ition . Iuustrated With Twenty-Six Anatomi ! »-W^K"" 1 -*8 2? Stc(!' * Enlarged To Ws Pages, Price Hi'^Ziy P . ' Direct Ftom Tho Establishment, 3s. 6d. La-Postage Stamps.

      _? wn _?«? _I CAIj _BISQUALIFICATIOiNS , GENERATIVE INCAPACITY , AND , IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE . : ! . 5 _i _* _w ' 8 t e _*? ition . iUustrated with Twenty-Six Anatomi ! _» -w _^ _k" " _- 2 ? StC (!' * enlarged to WS pages , price hi' _^ _Ziy . ' direct ftom tho Establishment , 3 s . 6 d . la-postage stamps .

      Ad00314

      THE _SILENT FEIEND ; n 7 _^ i _^ I , ? ° A _¦^ ' HHtion and physical decay of the- system , produced by excessive indalgenc / , the _cons _„ quence _* of infection , or the _abuae of merc _ y , witl . obse _£ _vatienr _, on the marrned state , and the _^ W _„ tiori * winch prevent , * ; illustrated _oy _twenty-six coloured en graving * , and by the detail of cases . By R . and L PEHRT and Co ., 19 ' , Berners-street , Oxford-street , London . Published by the authors , and sold by Strange , 21 Pater _, noster-rovr ,- Hannay , 63 , and Sanger , 150 , Oxtord-street * Starie , 23 , Ticlihorne-street , Haymarlset ; and Gordon , UZ , Leadenhall-straet , London ; J . and Ji . Raimes and Co ., Letthwalk , Edinburgh ; D . Campbell , _Arayll-street , Glasgow ; J . Priestly , Lord-street , and 7 . Newton , Church _, street , Liverpool-I- * .. Ingram , Market-place , Manchester , Part the First

      Ad00315

      Brother Chartists ! Beware of " Wolves in Sheep ' s Clothing ! . ' " Sufferers are earnestly cautioned against dangerous imitations of these 1 _'ills by youthful , self-styled doctors , who have recourse to various schemes to get money ; such for instance as professing to cure complaints for 10 s . only advertisng in the name of a female , and pretending to give the character of persons trom their writing , and what is equally absurd , promising to produce hair , whiskers , & c , in a few weeks ; but , worst of all , ( as it is playing with the afflictions of their fellows ) , daring to infringe the proprietors' right-by making truthless assertions , and advertising a _Spurious . compound under another , the use of . -which will assuredly bring annoyance and disappointment .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 7, 1850, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_07091850/page/3/