Hysteresis
Ever wondered why some materials remain magnetised even after the external magnetic field is removed? That’s hysteresis! It refers to the lag between magnetisation (M) and the magnetising field (H) in ferromagnetic materials. Visualised through the B-H curve, hysteresis explains key concepts like retentivity, coercivity, and energy loss in a magnetic cycle. Perfect for understanding the magnetic behavior of materials, transformers, and core design—this concept reveals the memory effect in magnetism.
First Law of Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics is the study of the relations between heat, work, temperature, and energy. The laws of thermodynamics describe how the energy in a system changes and whether the system can perform useful work on its surroundings. 1st Law of Thermodynamics - Energy cannot be created or destroyed. 2nd Law of Thermodynamics - For a spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe increases. 3rd Law of Thermodynamics - A perfect crystal at zero Kelvin has zero entropy.
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