Microglia were first recognized as a distinct cell population in the CNS one century ago. For
a long time, they were primarily considered to be phagocytes responsible for removing …

The diseased brain hosts a heterogeneous population of myeloid cells, including parenchymal
microglia, perivascular cells, meningeal macrophages and blood-borne monocytes. To …

Mononuclear phagocytic cells in the CNS used to be defined according to their anatomical
location and surface marker expression. Recently, this concept has been challenged by the …

… Primary microglia were treated with different concentrations of M-CSF for 48 h. We added
10 μM BrdU for 1 h and the cells were stained for isolectin B4 (green), BrdU (red) and DAPI (…

Microglial research has advanced considerably in recent decades yet has been constrained
by a rolling series of dichotomies such as "resting versus activated" and "M1 versus M2." …

Accurate pathological diagnosis is crucial for optimal management of patients with cancer.
For the approximately 100 known tumour types of the central nervous system, standardization …

The action of type I interferons in the central nervous system (CNS) during autoimmunity is
largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate elevated interferon beta concentrations in the CNS, …

Low-grade inflammation is a hallmark of old age and a central driver of ageing-associated
impairment and disease 1 . Multiple factors can contribute to ageing-associated inflammation …

Background Prominent clinical symptoms of COVID-19 include CNS manifestations. However,
it is unclear whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the …

U-Net is a generic deep-learning solution for frequently occurring quantification tasks such
as cell detection and shape measurements in biomedical image data. We present an ImageJ …