The cell envelope of gram-negative bacteria is a 3-layered structure consisting of a bilayer-based
plasma membrane, a periplasm of soluble proteins, peptidoglycan mesh, and …

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. The
current standard therapy for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) consists of a combination of pegylated …

… The strain used in this study, BL425 (BL21 ΔsecG::kan), did not manifest any growth
defect at 20C unless the unc genes coding for the F 1 F 0 ‐ATPase were also deleted. The …

Background & Aims Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is an important risk factor for
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite effective antiviral therapies, the risk for HCC is …

Background & Aims : To establish a chronic infection, hepatitis C virus (HCV) has to evade
the host defense. Expression of HCV proteins in cultured cells and in hepatocytes of …

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The host immune response during the chronic phase of hepatitis C
virus infection varies among individuals; some patients have a no interferon (IFN) response …

Approximately 3% of the world population is chronically infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV),
with potential development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite the …

… prepared as described (Douville et al., 1995; Duong and Wickner, 1997). To render the IMVs
proton‐permeable, the F 1 subunit of the F 0 ‐F 1 ATPase was removed in 6 M urea (30 min…

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry is dependent on coreceptor complex formation between the
tetraspanin superfamily member CD81 and the tight junction protein claudin-1 (CLDN1) on the …

… 5B to F ). It is interesting in this context that USP18 mRNA expression, but not SOCS1 … (F)
SOCS1 protein expression was determined by Western blotting with whole-cell extracts …