… read operations preempt long latency write operations. These techniques reduce the effective
read latency of MLC PCM… the read latency of MLC PCM by converting one MLC PCM page …

… Due to the non-determinism of MLC PCM write latency, we adopt the universal memory …
the read latency asymmetry. Although the durability is one of the most important PCM concerns, …

… High access latency is a major issue in MLC PCM. Therefore… between MLC PCM access
latency and DRAM access latency. … primary goal is to reduce the access latency of PCMs. The …

… targets high read latency problem in MLC PCM and introduces … fact that reading different bits
from an MLC cell takes different … Our results indicate that HL-PCM reduces cycles for read in …

… PCM, a recently proposed MLC PCM read optimization strategy, with 12.5% latency reduction
… words in the first half of a cache line at MSBs of MLC cells to reduce PCM read latency. …

… 4LC PCM, the latency overhead by BCH decoding is approximately 11ns and this is more
than 9% of the MLC read latency of … MLC PCM would suffer from reduced reliability due to the …

… This way, HLPCM reduces effective read latency from MLC PCM memory if the processor …
HL-PCM works compared to the baseline MLC PCM memory. We assume that PCM memory …

… In this section, we demonstrate how an MLC PCM array can … -based devices used today
have lower capacity utilization (eg … as 4 to form the MLC write latency. The rounded values are …

… In MLC PCM, there exists a trade-off between write latency and retention time. That is, we
can reduce the latency of MLC PCM write operations by adopting fewer SET iterations within …

… in MLC PCM, in this paper we propose task scheduling and write modes selection algorithms
to minimize unfriendly “heavy writes” to MLC PCM … and for the latency of accessing PCM …