Drylands are an essential component of the Earth System and are among the most vulnerable
to climate change. In this Review, we synthesize observational and modelling evidence to …

Plant phenology, the annually recurring sequence of plant developmental stages, is important
for plant functioning and ecosystem services and their biophysical and biogeochemical …

Vegetation greenness has been increasing globally since at least 1981, when satellite
technology enabled large-scale vegetation monitoring. The greening phenomenon, together with …

The surface air temperature response to vegetation changes has been studied for the extreme
case of land-cover change 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ; yet, it has never been quantified for the slow but …

The ratio of plant transpiration to total terrestrial evapotranspiration (T/ET) captures the role
of vegetation in surface–atmosphere interactions. However, its magnitude remains highly …

Surface-water availability, defined as precipitation minus evapotranspiration, can be
affected by changes in vegetation. These impacts can be local, due to the modification of …

Earlier vegetation greening under climate change raises evapotranspiration and thus lowers
spring soil moisture, yet the extent and magnitude of this water deficit persistence into the …

Global environmental change is rapidly altering the dynamics of terrestrial vegetation, with
consequences for the functioning of the Earth system and provision of ecosystem services 1 , …

The seasonal greening of Northern Hemisphere (NH) ecosystems, due to extended growing
periods and enhanced photosynthetic activity, could modify near-surface warming by …

This paper proposes a new transformer-based framework to learn class-specific object
localization maps as pseudo labels for weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS). …