Sci-Hub

1781177330

Roles of cytotoxic lymphocytes and MIC/LILR families in pathophysiology of Takayasu arteritis

Inflamm Regener, 2020

Abstract Takayasu arteritis (TAK) affects the aorta and its primary branches, mainly in young women. In its advanced stages, it can cause severe complications, such as cerebral infarction, impaired vision, and valvular heart diseases. In the aortic tissue of TAK, there is increased infiltration of cytotoxic lymphocytes, such as natural killer (NK) cells and CD8 + T cells, and enhanced expression of accessory molecules, such as major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and MHC class I chain-related gene (MIC) family. Genome-wide association studies on TAK have identified susceptibility genes, such as IL-12p40, MICA, MICB, leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor A3 (LILRA3), and LILRB3. Other studies have also shown their involvement in the pathophysiology of TAK....

1781177330

CARROT, ONION, CELERY AND LETTUCE CROP SUCCESSION STUDIES ON AN ORGANIC SOIL

Can. J. Plant Sci., 1976

Crop successions involving carrot (Daucus carota L.), onion (Allium cepa L.) celery (Apium graveolens L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) were organized to study the effect of each crop on the yield of the subsequent crops when grown on an organic soil. Crop sequences affected yields significantly. Carrot yields were significantly greater when they followed celery or lettuce than when they followed carrot or onion. Onion yields were greatest after celery or lettuce, less after onion, least after carrot. Celery yields were greatest after celery or lettuce, less after onion, least after carrot. Lettuce yields were greater after lettuce or celery than after onion or carrot. The nematode species occurring in the largest numbers after continuous growing of carrot...

1781177330

Gaze direction determination in schizophrenia

Schizophrenia Research, 2002

It has been proposed that an impairment in gaze determination is responsible for the paranoid symptoms reported in schizophrenia. To address this, we examined the gaze discrimination system in schizophrenia. Thirty-two patients suffering from schizophrenia (20 patients with persecutory delusions and 12 patients without such delusions) were compared to 32 control subjects on two specific tasks. In the first task, the subjects had to determine whether 130 portraits were looking right or left. In the second task the subjects were asked to determine whether or not 130 portraits were looking at them. The absolute threshold of difference used to investigate the influence of instruction on gaze discrimination did not show any difference between patients with schizo...

1781177330

Study and Analysis of a Multi-Mode Power Split Hybrid Transmission

WEVJ, 2020

A two-motor power-split dedicated hybrid transmission (DHT) with two planetary gears is proposed for the applications of a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and plug-in HEV (PHEV). The proposed DHT can provide electronically controlled continuous variable transmission (eCVT) with two different gear ratios. One of two electric motors is employed to act as a speeder for splitting the input power of internal combustion engine (ICE) and the other acts as a torquer to assist ICE for boosting. Assisted by an electric motor, ICE can always be enhanced to operate at its efficient area for the benefits of fuel economy improvement. The maximum ICE torque is viable to be mechanically transmitted to vehicle wheels from standstill with two different gear ratios. This feature...

1781177330

A high-performance VLSI architecture for the histogram peak-climbing data clustering algorithm

IEEE Trans. VLSI Syst., 2006

Image feature separation is a crucial step for image segmentation in computer vision systems. One efficient and powerful approach is the unsupervised clustering of the resulting data set; however, it is a very computationally intensive task. This paper presents a high-performance architecture for unsupervised data clustering. This architecture is suitable for VLSI implementations. It exploits paradigms of massive connectivity like those inspired by neural networks, and parallelism and functionality integration that can be afforded by emerging nanometer semiconductor technologies. By utilizing a "global-quasi-systolic, local-hyper-connected" architectural approach, the hardware can process real-time DVD-quality video at the highest rate allowed by the MPEG-2 ...

1781177330

Finding symmetry? Archaeology, Objects, and Posthumanism

CAJ, 2021

Well before the turn of the century, it had become clear that archaeology's aspiration to study the past was, true to the modern project, a pretext for a deeper desire to fabricate its objects. Material culture, materiality, the material past, material residues, heritage—the objects of interpretive (post-processual) archaeology could only be characterized as a continuation of this modern project. While finding symmetry was tied to an upheaval from this mode of disciplinary production, it may now be characterized as one cue among others in more agile archaeological theory. After briefly contrasting archaeological thought before and after the turn of the century, this article sketches out some of the core features of an object-oriented approach to things, in...

1781177330

Degrees of Cooperativity between Triiodothyronine and Hydrocortisone in Their Regulation of the Expression of Myelin Basic Protein and Proteolipid Protein during Brain Development

Dev Neurosci, 1991

Cultures of cells dissociated from embryonic mouse cerebra were used to demonstrate: (1) that the developmental expression of the mRNA of proteolipid protein is dependent on thyroid hormone; (2) that the expression of the mRNA of proteolipid protein is stimulated not only by triiodothyronine but also by hydrocortisone, which achieve their respective stimulations by an additive and uncompetitive mechanism; (3) the stimulation of the net accumulation of the mRNA of myelin basic protein by hydrocortisone and triiodothyronine is also cooperative, additive, and uncompetitive, and (4) the stimulation of the net accumulation of myelin basic protein, during development by hydrocortisone, is completely dependent on the presence of thyroid hormone. These results sugge...

1781177330

High-Pressure Vapor−Liquid Equilibrium Data for Systems Involving Carbon Dioxide + Organic Solvent + β-Carotene

J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2007

This work reports experimental phase equilibrium (transition points) data for the systems CO2 + ethyl acetate, CO2 + ethyl acetate + β-carotene, and CO2 + ethanol + β-carotene at different concentrations of β-carotene in the organic (liquid) solvents. For this purpose, the static synthetic method, using a variable-volume view cell, was employed for obtaining the experimental data in the temperature range from (303 to 343) K and pressures up to 12 MPa. Vapor−liquid phase transitions were observed as bubble and dew points for all overall compositions investigated. In a general sense, it was experimentally observed that the addition of β-carotene leads to negligible changes in pressure transition values compared to CO2 + solvent systems. The Peng−Robins...

1781177330

Performance of Biodrying Process based on Temperature Profile and Cumulation

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., 2020

The biodrying process of solid waste is an approach to the use of biomass energy, where solid waste is dried using the heat generated from aerobic degradation of organic matter. Temperature profile and cumulation of the solid waste biodrying process are the success factors in drying solid waste. The reactor used is made of plywood with dimensions of (30 × 30 × 100) cm equipped with a heat sink using Thermoshield Universal to minimize heat loss. Aeration discharge at the biodrying process reactor is 0.023 m3/kg/h. The results showed a maximum temperature of 61°C produced from the bottom layer of the biodrying reactor (addition of 6 l / min air flow) on the first day at 10:00 pm. Cumulation temperature in the bottom layer of the biodrying reactor for 21 day...

1781177330

Development of automatic fault point locating and sectional isolating system for power distribution line

Electrical Engineering Japan, 1995

This paper describes the development of the Automatic Fault Point Locating and Sectional Isolating System. This system locates a single-line-to-ground fault point at each pole by using ground-current sensors, and isolates the faulted section by controlling pole switches with no outage of unfaulted sections. The ground-current sensor is connected to the line between allied ground terminals of pole devices and grounded conductor. It detects a ground fault current of more than 0.64 amperes that is determined so as to avoid an unexpected operation by stray current, but to detect the fault current accurately, and sends out an emergency signal with time delay of 0.1 s. Sectional isolation starts when both the emergency signal from the sensor and relay operation si...

1781177330

Intrinsic ferroelastic transition from a piezoelectric paraelastic phase

Ferroelectrics, 1982

“Intrinsic (proper) ferroelastic transition” is defined as the transition of which the primary order parameter is the homogeneous strain. When a given crystal happens to have piezoelectric couplings in the paraelastic phase, the condition that should be satisfied in order for the crystal to be an intrinsic ferroelastic crystal is proposed on the basis of the Landau theory.The LiNH4C4H4O6·H2O (abbreviated as LAT) crystal does in fact satisfy the above condition, and thus, is called an intrinsic ferroelastics. The 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl Piperidino Oxy (Tanane) crystal satisfies also the above condition, thus presumably is an intrinsic ferroelastic crystal.The above idea is extended to all the cases where piezoelectric couplings exist in the paraelastic phase...

1781177330

Commemorating the deadly other side of externalized borders through “migrant-martyrs”, sacrifices and politizations of (irregular) migration on the international migrants' day in Mali

CMS, 2020

Abstract This article explores the different memorial strategies of the civil society associations and the public authorities in Mali through various practices and discourses of the International Migrant Day around the stinging reality of migrants’ shipwrecks in the Mediterranean. Against the backdrop of the progressive externalization of European borders, the Libyan coast has become a hecatomb for young Malian migrant ‘adventurers’. In 2015, around 360 young people from the region of Kayes, in the Southwest of Mali, lost their lives. Under the pressure of civil society associations, the government of Mali decreed days of National Mourning in memory of the shipwrecked. Simultaneously the transnational network Afrique-Europe-Interact in collaboration wi...

1781177330

ANALISIS SISTEM PENGADAAN PROYEK KONSTRUKSI TERHADAP PENYERAPAN ANGGARAN PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN BADUNG

spektran, 1970

Abstract : The rate of absorption of a government budget, especially on the construction projects, determine whether or not the optimal development of a region. The faster the budget absorption of the construction projects, the faster the perceived benefits. The purpose of the study was to determine the rate of the budget absorption, to find out the factors in the construction project procurement systems that affect the slow budget absorption of the Local Government of the Badung Regency as well as the efforts to minimize such delays. The data were obtained from the parties involved in the procurement of the construction projects through questionnaires as the research instruments. In addition, the data were also obtained through interviews, observations and ...

1781177330

Function of a Cell Adhesion Molecule, Plexin, in Neuron Network Formation

Dev Neurosci, 1997

Plexin is a type I membrane protein which was identified in Xenopus nervous system by hybridoma technique. Molecular cloning studies demonstrated that the extracellular segment of the plexin protein possesses three internal repeats of cysteine cluster which are homologous to the cysteine-rich domain of the omet proto-oncogene protein product. A cell aggregation test revealed that the plexin protein mediated cell adhesion via a homophilic binding mechanism, in the presence of calcium ions. Plexin was expressed in the neuronal elements composing particular neuron circuits in Xenopus CNS and PNS. These findings indicate that plexin is a new member of the Ca2+-dependent cell adhesion molecules, and suggest that the molecule plays an important role in neuronal ce...

1781177330

MEP1A allele for meprin A metalloprotease is a susceptibility gene for inflammatory bowel disease

Mucosal Immunology, 2009

The MEP1A gene, located on human chromosome 6p (mouse chromosome 17) in a susceptibility region for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encodes the α-subunit of metalloproteinase meprin A, which is expressed in the intestinal epithelium. This study shows a genetic association of MEP1A with IBD in a cohort of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. There were four single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding region (P=0.0012–0.04), and one in the 3′-untranslated region (P=2 × 10−7) that displayed associations with UC. Moreover, meprin-α mRNA was decreased in inflamed mucosa of IBD patients. Meprin-α knockout mice exhibited a more severe intestinal injury and inflammation than their wild-type counterparts following oral administration of dextran sulfate sod...

1781177330

Conservation as disturbance: Upheaval and livelihood diversification near Tarangire National Park, northern Tanzania

Global Environmental Change, 2013

Recent studies have identified poverty reduction near parks and protected areas, findings that challenge an extensive literature on the social burdens associated with protected areas. These studies move the discussion on the social dynamics of conservation forward, however, they do not offer insight into the underlying mechanisms that shape household-level outcomes such as income and wealth. By focusing on protected areas as centers of uncertainty, upheaval, and disturbance, this study examines the character and incidence of livelihood diversification within communities near Tarangire National Park in northern Tanzania compared to communities far from the park. Livelihood diversification is well understood as a coping and/or risk mitigation strategy pursued ...

1781177330

Immunochemical and Morphological Difference between the Immature and Mature Glomerular Basement Membrane in the Rat

Kidney Blood Press Res, 1979

Glomerular basement membranes (GBM) were isolated from the kidneys of adult and newborn Sprague-Dawley rats. The isolated GBM were degraded by trypsin and the degradation products were characterized by immunoelectrophoresis applying an anti-rat GBM serum from the rabbit. GBM of the adult rat showed two precipitation lines, GBM from the newborn rat presented a single line in immunoelectrophoretical characterization. GBM of 6 adult and 6 newborn rats were measured on electron microscopy revealing significant differences of thickness. The mean thickness of the adult rat GBM was 2,060 A (2.06 × 10-7 m), the SD was ± 83 A; of the newborn rat mean GBM was 1,500 A (1.5 × 10-7 m), the SD was ± 71 A. Our results indicate that the immature GBM differs from the mat...

1781177330

A Regulated Pulse Current Driving Technique in Green Laser Synthesis With Electrical to Optical Conversion Efficiency Improvement for Mobile Projectors

J. Display Technol., 2013

In this paper, we propose a regulated pulse current laser driver with the frequency double approach to synthesize green laser. Experiment results show that green laser synthesis conducted with the regulated pulse current driving (RPCD) technique has an electrical to optical conversion efficiency improvement of up to 78%, as compared to the DC driving technique with mean driving current of 250 mA at room temperature. This driver was fabricated with a 0.5 μm CMOS process and has a modulation frequency range of 300 kHz-700 kHz, a wide range of peak pulse current between 120 mA-900 mA with the average current range between 0 mA-280 mA. This paper not only demonstrated the synthesize procedure of green laser but also proposed driver with the RPCD technique enhan...

1781177330

Wildebeest migration drives tourism demand in the Serengeti

Biological Conservation, 2020

We examine tourism demand for an iconic ecological resource – the migration of ~1.3 million wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) in the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem. The wildebeest migration generates economic benefits through ecotourism, which we investigated by combining quantitative tools from spatial ecology and environmental economics with wildebeest GPS collar data and lodge use data from Serengeti National Park. We used GLMMs and random utility models to quantify the effect of the distance from lodges to wildebeest hotspots on two important aspects of demand: the number of tourists visiting lodges in the park (participation); and the tourists' choice of where to stay during their visit (site choice). We find that longer distances between lodges and wildeb...

1781177330

Fabrication and Characterization of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes-Alumina Hybrid Compound: Comparison of Various Supported Catalyst

KEM, 2013

Hybrid compounds of multiwalled carbon nanotubes-alumina (MWCNT-Al 2 O 3 ) were grown by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method of methane. The catalyst effect and growth of the synthesis of the multiwalled carbon nanotubes-alumina (MWCNT-Al 2 O 3 ) hybrid compound in three different supported catalysts (Ni, Co and Fe nitrates) were being compared. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) were employed for the characterization of the hybrid compound. The results revealed that the Ni nitrates catalysts showed a better growth rate performance than Co Nitrates and Fe Nitrates. With respect to the diameter of the MWCNT-Al 2 O 3, the Fe nitrate showed lengthens in diameter compared to Co Nitrates and Ni Nitrates catalyst. T...

1781177330

SOCIETY FOR PEDIATRIC RESEARCH

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 1954

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology ...

1781177330

Two-Layer Mutiple Trapping Model for Universal Current Transients in Molecularly Doped Polymers

J. Phys. Chem. C, 2010

The mechanism of charge transport in molecularly doped polymers has been the subject of much discussion over the years. In this paper, data obtained from a new experimental variant of the time-of-flight (TOF) technique, called TOF1a, are compared to the predictions of a two-layer multiple trapping model (MTM) with an exponential distribution of traps. In the recently introduced TOF1a experimental variant, the charge generation depth is varied continuously, from surface generation to bulk generation, by varying the energy of the electron-beam excitation source. This produces systematic changes in the shape of the current transient that can be compared to predictions of the two-layer MTM. In the model, one additional assumption is added to the homogeneous MTM,...

1781177330

Use of Market Data to Assess Bushmeat Hunting Sustainability in Equatorial Guinea

Conservation Biology, 2011

Finding an adequate measure of hunting sustainability for tropical forests has proved difficult. Many researchers have used urban bushmeat market surveys as indicators of hunting volumes and composition, but no analysis has been done of the reliability of market data in reflecting village offtake. We used data from urban markets and the villages that supply these markets to examine changes in the volume and composition of traded bushmeat between the village and the market (trade filters) in Equatorial Guinea. We collected data with market surveys and hunter offtake diaries. The trade filters varied depending on village remoteness and the monopoly power of traders. In a village with limited market access, species that maximized trader profits were most likely...

1781177330

Hardware Engine for Supporting Gray-Tone Paintbrush Function on Electrophoretic Papers

J. Display Technol., 2014

The electrophoretic display (EPD) has been widely applied on electronic readers (E-Readers) for displaying image/text contents. With a touch panel, the user can put annotations on the contents at will. However, none of the available E-Readers support the function of paintbrush, which allows the user to plot gray tone figures. This is because the EPD is a bistable display whose driving method is quite complicated. In this paper, we first discuss the issues of realizing paintbrush function on the EPD display controller and then propose a new signal processing engine for the paintbrush function. The engine contains four stages: 1) screening the detected pixel coordinates; 2) interpolating pixels; 3) performing image halftoning to generate more visual gray level...

1781177330

Discrete element model (DEM) simulations of cone penetration test (CPT) measurements and soil classification

Can. Geotech. J., 2020

This paper presents a study on the simulation of cone penetration tests (CPTs) using the discrete element model (DEM) method. This study’s main objective is to investigate the effect of different modeling parameters and simulation configurations on the ability of three-dimensional DEM simulations to replicate realistic CPT tip resistance (q c ) and friction sleeve shear stress (f s ) measurements. The CPT tests were simulated in virtual calibration chambers (VCCs) containing particles calibrated to model the behavior of sand. The parameters investigated included the granular assembly properties, interparticle contact parameters, particle–probe interface characteristics, and simulation configuration. Results indicate that the interparticle contact paramet...

1781177330

Use of dual rf systems to accelerate large longitudinal emittance intense beam in a synchrotron

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams, 2007

Preserving the beam brightness and emittance during acceleration for high energy collider operation is a long-standing challenge for synchrotron injectors. Radio-frequency manipulation schemes used to produce bright bunches in these synchrotrons are often responsible for both beam loss and for the emittance dilution; the impact of such effects becomes the main obstacle to improve the collider luminosity. We have developed a scheme for acceleration of intense beam bunches of large longitudinal emittance using two rf systems. The development of such a method primarily came about to improve the overall injection to extraction efficiency of the antiproton beam in the Main Injector used for the proton-antiproton collider operation of the Tevatron at Fermilab. Thi...

1781177330

From spears to automatic rifles: The shift in hunting techniques as a mammal depletion driver during the Angolan civil war

Biological Conservation, 2020

Access to sophisticated hunting strategies increases in some political and economic contexts, such as during civil war episodes in Angola (Central Africa) in which there was a widespread distribution of automatic rifles to citizens. This facility favours the local people to slaughter larger animals, mainly during conflict gaps and in the post-war period. Herein, we conducted interviews with hunters to identify the hunting techniques used before, during and after the Angolan civil war in two different landscapes - savannah and forest. We collected information on techniques used by the hunter to approach, pursue and capture game species. Through a network approach and regression models we found that rifles introduced by the Angolan civil war magnify the spectr...

1781177330

Microbial biomass response to different quantities and sources of organic matter in Brazilian coastal sediments

Marine Ecology, 2014

This study investigates the benthic microbial responses to organic matter (OM) variations in quantity and sources in two shallow water bays (Fortaleza and Ubatuba Bays) on the SE coast of Brazil on six occasions during the year. The pelagic and benthic compartments of the bays were evaluated by: (i) nutrients and chlorophyll a (Chl a) in the water column; (ii) quantity and sources of OM in the sediment (Chl a, total organic carbon and total nitrogen and lipid biomarker composition); and (iii) microbial biomass in sediments as an indicator of active benthic response. Although there were changes in water-column nutrients during the year, Chl a was fairly constant, suggesting a regular supply of microalgae-derived OM to the sea bottom. Based on the composition ...

1781177330

Analysis of Water Waves Passing Over a Submerged Rectangular Dike

J. Eng. Mech., 2003

The analytic solutions of inviscid and viscous water waves passing over a submerged rectangular dike are investigated. Owing to the fact that the orthogonality of eigenfunctions is invalid for viscous wave problem, two newly developed orthogonal inner products are applied to reduce the mathematical difficulty of viscous wave problem. Both inviscid and viscous water wave solutions are obtained under the assumption of linear water wave without separation. It shows that two solutions have no significant kinematic difference but the viscous contribution of dynamic effect is not negligible. Beside giving a better theoretical approach, which reduces the error of the conventional minimal squares method, the result of the present analytical solution can be used to q...

1781177330

An identification of the soft polyelectrolyte gel-like layer on silica colloids using atomic force and electron microscopy

Ultramicroscopy, 2017

A procedure is introduced for measuring the radius of spherical colloid particles from the curvature of upper parts of their central cross-sectional profiles obtained by atomic force microscopy (AFM). To minimize the possible compression and displacement of the spheres, AFM is operated in a mode rendering a constant ultralow pN force on the tip. The procedure allows us to evaluate the mean radius of nearly monodisperse submicrometer spheres of silica in their natively hydrated state in aqueous electrolyte solutions, irrespective of whether they are coagulated or not. A variation in the volume (swelling degree) of layers delimited by the AFM mean radii of these spheres in KCl solutions and their invariable mean radius in vacuum is obtained that follows a scal...

1781177329

Classically scale invariant inflation, supermassive WIMPs, and adimensional gravity

Phys. Rev. D, 2016

We introduce a minimal and yet comprehensive framework with $CP$ and classical scale symmetries in order to simultaneously address the hierarchy problem, neutrino masses, dark matter, and inflation. One complex gauge singlet scalar and three flavors of the right-handed Majorana neutrinos are added to the standard model content, facilitating the see-saw mechanism, among others. An adimensional theory of gravity (Agravity) is employed, allowing for the trans-Planckian field excursions. The weak and Planck scales are induced by the Higgs portal and the scalar nonminimal couplings, respectively, once a Coleman-Weinberg dynamically generated vacuum expectation value for the singlet scalar is obtained. All scales are free from any mutual quadratic destabilization....

1781177329

Comparison of freezing tolerance in cultured plant cells and their respective protoplasts

Cryobiology, 1987

The possibility that the plant cell wall influences the severity of freezing injury was examined by comparing the freeze stress response of intact cells and protoplasts from four different suspension cultures. In no case did the intact cells suffer more injury than the respective wall-less protoplasts, showing that mechanical strain imposed by the cell wall during freeze-thaw stress is not a major determinant of injury. For three of the four species studied, cells from which the wall was removed showed significantly greater freezing injury, indicating that the plant cell wall may have a protective role. Other researchers have suggested that cell wall rigidity may minimize freezing injury by slowing freeze-induced loss of cell water. We found that decreased e...

1781177329

Immersive Virtual Reality Mirror Therapy for Upper Limb Recovery After Stroke

Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 2019

Objective This study was designed to examine the feasibility of immersive virtual reality mirror therapy for upper limb paresis after stroke using a head-mounted display and provide preliminary evidence of efficacy. Design Ten outpatients with chronic stroke, upper limb hemiparesis, and a low predisposition for motion sickness completed a 12-session program of 30 mins each of immersive virtual reality mirror therapy. The virtual reality system provided the illusion of movement in the hemiparetic upper limb while suppressing the visual representation of the nonparetic side. Feasibility was assessed via patient compliance, adverse event tracking, the System Usability Scale, and the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire. Preliminary efficacy was evaluated using the ...

1781177329

Ambient Electrosynthesis toward Single‐Atom Sites for Electrocatalytic Green Hydrogen Cycling

Advanced Materials, 2023

AbstractWith the ultimate atomic utilization, well‐defined configuration of active sites and unique electronic properties, catalysts with single‐atom sites (SASs) exhibit appealing performance for electrocatalytic green hydrogen generation from water splitting and further utilization via hydrogen–oxygen fuel cells, such that a vast majority of synthetic strategies toward SAS‐based catalysts (SASCs) are exploited. In particular, room‐temperature electrosynthesis under atmospheric pressure offers a novel, safe, and effective route to access SASs. Herein, the recent progress in ambient electrosynthesis toward SASs for electrocatalytic sustainable hydrogen generation and utilization, and future opportunities are discuss...

1781177329

Dye adsorption for dye-sensitized solar cell

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2012

Abstract Homogeneous dye adsorption and deep penetration into a titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin film of the negative electrode in a dye-sensitized solar cell were the main factors to obtain high performance. A dye is typically adsorbed by soaking the TiO2 film in a dye solution. A long immersion time is needed to adsorb the dye and it is also difficult to adsorb the dye to the depth of the TiO2 thin film in a short time. In this study, electrophoresis was used to solve these problems. A dye solution of water or ethanol in which Eosin Y dissolves behaves like a colloid. The adsorption time needed to adsorb a specified amount of dye was shortened by the electrophoresis compared to immersion. An optimum concentration, current density and electrophoresis time exist...

1781177329

A stable and optimally convergent LaTIn‐CutFEM algorithm for multiple unilateral contact problems

Numerical Meth Engineering, 2017

In this paper, we propose a novel unfitted finite element method for the simulation of multiple body contact. The computational mesh is generated independently of the geometry of the interacting solids, which can be arbitrarily complex. The key novelty of the approach is the combination of elements of the CutFEM technology, namely, the enrichment of the solution field via the definition of overlapping fictitious domains with a dedicated penalty-type regularisation of discrete operators and the LaTIn hybrid-mixed formulation of complex interface conditions. Furthermore, the novel P1-P1 discretisation scheme that we propose for the unfitted LaTIn solver is shown to be stable, robust, and optimally convergent with mesh refinement. Finally, the paper introduces ...

1781177329

Sarcoglycanopathies are responsible for 68% of severe autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy in the Brazilian population

Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 1999

Sarcoglycanopathies (SGPs) constitute a subgroup of limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD), where the primary defect in one sarcoglycan (SG) glycoprotein (alpha-SG, beta-SG, gamma-SG or delta-SG) results in a deficiency of the whole complex. Four genes, at 17q, 4q, 13q and 5q, encode the four glycoproteins, and mutations in these genes cause diseases called LGMD2D, 2E, 2C and 2F. To estimate the prevalence, relative proportions and clinical features of SGPs, we have studied the SG proteins in muscle biopsies of 140 patients (from 115 unrelated Brazilian families) with a clinical diagnosis of LGMD. Alpha-SG immunofluorescence analysis showed a positive staining pattern in 70% (80/115) of the families, a patchy pattern in 14% (16/115) and a negative pattern i...

1781177329

Perovskite-like catalysts for the catalytic flameless combustion of methane

Catal. Ind., 2012

Modified LaCoO3 and LaMnO3 were investigated as catalysts for low tvemperature flameless combustion of methane. Modifications were carried out by the substitution part of La for Sr2+ and Ce4+, by the addition of 0.5% of Pt or Pd and by the substitution with Ag, which have limited solubility in the perovskite structure and may exist as intraframework Ag+ and extraframework metallic silver. Catalysts were synthesized by flame pyrolysis, which lead to a significant increase of both surface area and thermal resistance in comparison with the catalysts prepared by traditional sol-gel method. Samples were mainly characterized by XRD, BET and TPR techniques. Catalytic activity for the flameless combustion of methane was investigated by means of bench scale continuou...

1781177329

Returns to education: updates for Malaysia

Applied Economics Letters, 2003

This article provides updated returns to education estimates for Malaysia. Current returns as presented in international updates are 32.6 and 34.5 for the secondary and higher education levels. New estimates were obtained using data from the Malaysian Household Income Survey 1997, a nationally represented survey. The findings show that returns to education remain high and positive, in particular, the returns to the higher educational level, encompassing the pre-university qualification and higher education qualifications. Results also display marginal gross returns of 14.1 for those completing the upper secondary education level and 16.4 for those completing the higher education level for the overall sample. By gender, the marginal gross returns for males ar...

1781177329

Encapsulation of Lactobacillus in Low-Methoxyl Pectin-Based Microcapsules Stimulates Biofilm Formation: Enhanced Resistances to Heat Shock and Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion

J. Agric. Food Chem., 2021

Encapsulation is a common approach to improve the bacterial survival of probiotics. In this study, two new low-methoxyl pectins (CMP-6 and CMP-8) were used as coating materials to produce microcapsules (MCs) for the encapsulation of Lactobacillus acidophilus LMG9433T, Lactobacillus casei LMG6904T, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus LMG25859. A fermentation test showed that encapsulation did not influence the fermentation ability of lactobacilli. The biofilm formation of encapsulated lactobacilli was stimulated when an in situ cultivation was conducted on MCs, which was verified by cryo-SEM observation. The resultant biofilm-forming MCs (BMCs) contained high-density bacterial cells (∼1010 CFU/mL). Compared to planktonic lactobacilli, pectin-based MCs showed signif...

1781177329

Toward a new understanding of the links between poverty and illegal wildlife hunting

Conservation Biology, 2015

Abstract Conservation organizations have increasingly raised concerns about escalating rates of illegal hunting and trade in wildlife. Previous studies have concluded that people hunt illegally because they are financially poor or lack alternative livelihood strategies. However, there has been little attempt to develop a richer understanding of the motivations behind contemporary illegal wildlife hunting. As a first step, we reviewed the academic and policy literatures on poaching and illegal wildlife use and considered the meanings of poverty and the relative importance of structure and individual agency. We placed motivations for illegal wildlife hunting within the context of the complex history of how wildlife laws were initially designed and enforced to ...

1781177329

What are the sensitivity and specificity of endoscopic photographs in determining completion of colonoscopy? Results from an online questionnaire

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 2008

Objectives There is no consensus as to the optimal method for documenting colonoscopy completion. For endoscopic photographs to be useful for documentation, reviewers must be able to distinguish between photographs taken from incomplete and complete colonoscopy. The primary aim of this study was to calculate the diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of a pair of photographs in confirming complete colonoscopy. The secondary aim was to assess current methods of documenting colonoscopy completion. Methods Eighty pairs of photographs were taken from completed colonoscopies. Two photographs, including at least one view of the ileo–caecal valve, were taken of caecal landmarks and/or the terminal ileum. Colonoscopy completion was independently validated using vi...

1781177329

Effect of different WC particle shapes on laser-exposed microstructures during the directed energy deposition

Powder Metallurgy, 2021

Tungsten carbide (WC) in Ni-based powders is a promising candidate for laser-based additive manufacturing because WC is an extremely hard material, whereas Ni is tough and weldable. However, WC particles that are directly exposed to a laser beam can be degraded or disintegrated into tungsten and carbon as a result of excess energy. In contrast, particles in the melt pool are relatively stable. In this study, the direct energy deposition method was used with irregular and spherical WC particles in metal powder. Irregular WC particles were found to be more directly affected by laser irradiation. To explain the effects of WC particle shapes on direct laser damage, a finitepoint calculation was performed to estimate the sinking time in the melt pool. The rectang...

1781177329

Aligning conservation efforts with resource use around protected areas

Ambio, 2018

A large number of economically disadvantaged people live around protected areas. Conservation efforts that focus on poverty alleviation, work on the premise that an increase in household wealth decreases use of forest resources. We surveyed 1222 households across four tiger reserves to test the paradigm that an increase in assets leads to reduced forest use and we also assess the effects of other socio-economic factors. We find that increase in assets may reduce Non-timber Forest Product (NTFP) collection, but may not necessarily reduce livestock numbers or use of wood as a cooking fuel. Households that faced more economic setbacks were more likely to state that they wanted more livestock in the future. Education is positively associated with choosing Liquef...

1781177329

Competing Challengers and Contested Outcomes to State Breakdown: The Velvet Revolution in Czechoslovakia

Social Forces, 1999

Why do some social movement challenges lead to revolution, others to reform, and others to repression? Current theory has overemphasized the impact of state breakdown on outcomes and has been limited by studies of single movements against the state. This article highlights multiple possible outcomes, explaining the eventual outcome by competition among challengers seeking to mobilize public support on their behalf. To develop this claim, I compare successful challengers with real and potential competitors in the velvet revolution in Czechoslovakia in 1989. I demonstrate that the democratic outcome was not given by the breakdown of the Leninist state; rather, it was the result of successful mobilization by the civic movements that linked their demands with st...

1781177329

Inattention and Hyperactivity-Impulsivity: Their Detrimental Effect on Romantic Relationship Maintenance

J Atten Disord, 2017

The aim of this study is to understand how ADHD symptoms correlate with romantic relationship maintenance and test theoretical pathways by which symptoms of ADHD lead to relationship difficulties.This study involved two phases of data collection, which were identical except for the population. Phase 1 ( n = 172) was a nonclinical sample of romantically involved young adults. Phase 2 ( n = 39) was a clinical sample of romantically involved young adults with ADHD. Participants in both phases reported on their levels of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, their relationship maintenance activities, and their relationship quality.ADHD symptoms were associated with greater relationship difficulties. In both samples, inattentive symptoms were associated with...

1781177329

A bioeconomic analysis of bushmeat hunting

Proc. R. Soc. B., 2005

Unsustainable bushmeat hunting is a major threat to mammal species, particularly in West/Central Africa. We developed a multispecies dynamic simulation model of hunter behaviour, parameterized using data from the Ashanti region, Ghana. The model distinguishes between two hunting techniques, snaring and gun hunting. We analyse the impact of key economic parameters on off–takes. Economic incentives determine the effort devoted to hunting, the choice of hunting technique, and the species that are consumed domestically or traded in markets. These factors, together with the growth rates and catchabilities of hunted species, determine the ecological impact of hunting. The results suggest that increased bushmeat prices are likely to lead to a switch from snaring,...

1781177329

Near UV excited SrAl 2 O 4 :Dy 3+ phosphors for white LED applications

Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2018

Abstract Strontium aluminate phosphors containing different concentrations of Dy3+ ions (SrAl2O4:Dy3+) were prepared by solid state reaction method by sintering at 1100 °C for 3 h. These phosphors were crystallized into monoclinic structure and well consistent with the JCPDS No. 34−0379. All these phosphors exhibit the characteristic emission transitions such as 4F9/2 → 6H15/2, 4F9/2 → 6H13/2 and 4F9/2 → 6H11/2 corresponding to blue (∼480 nm), yellow (∼572 nm) and red (∼663 nm) regions when excited at 350 nm near UV wavelength. Beyond 1.0 mol% concentration of Dy3+ ions, a luminescence quenching was noticed and it has been assigned to the energy transfer through dipole-dipole interactions at higher concentrations. Due...

1781177329

Gas-Induced Segregation in Pt-Rh Alloy Nanoparticles Observed byIn SituBragg Coherent Diffraction Imaging

Phys. Rev. Lett., 2019

Bimetallic catalysts can undergo segregation or redistribution of the metals driven by oxidizing and reducing environments. Bragg coherent diffraction imaging (BCDI) was used to relate displacement fields to compositional distributions in crystalline Pt-Rh alloy nanoparticles. 3D images of internal composition showed that the radial distribution of compositions reverses partially between the surface shell and the core when gas flow changes between O2 and H2. Our observation suggests that the elemental segregation of nanoparticle catalysts should be highly active during heterogeneous catalysis and can be a controlling factor in synthesis of electrocatalysts. In addition, our study exemplifies applications of BCDI for in situ 3D imaging of internal equilibrium...

1781177329

Enhanced spectrofluorimetric determination of hypochlorite based on the catalytic oxidation of thiamine to thiochrome in the presence of trace ferrocyanide

RSC Adv., 2014

An enhanced spectrofluorimetric method for highly selective and sensitive determination of nmol L−1 of hypochlorite has been performed. In alkaline medium, ferrocyanide was specifically oxidized by hypochlorite to form ferricyanide, which further reacted with non-fluorescent thiamine, resulting in the formation of blue fluorescent thiochrome. Notably, the fluorescence intensities were positively correlated with the concentration of hypochlorite over the range of 0.02–12.5 μmol L−1. The detection limit was 6.1 nmol L−1, which was lower than for most of the recently published methods. The experimental conditions were optimized and effects of coexisting substances were evaluated and the results showed excellent priority since a certain amount of other ...

1781177329

Consortium diversity of a sulfate‐reducing biofilm developed at acidic pH influent conditions in a down‐flow fluidized bed reactor

Engineering in Life Sciences, 2013

Sulfate reduction is an appropriate approach for the treatment of effluents with sulfate and dissolved metals. In sulfate-reducing reactors, acetate may largely contribute to the residual organic matter, because not all sulfate reducers are able to couple the oxidation of acetate to the reduction of sulfate, limiting the treatment efficiency. In this study, we investigated the diversity of a bacterial community in the biofilm of a laboratory scale down-flow fluidized bed reactor, which was developed under sulfidogenic conditions at an influent pH between 4 and 6. The sequence analysis of the microbial community showed that the 16S rRNA gene sequence of almost 50% of the clones had a high similarity with Anaerolineaceae. At second place, 33% of the 16S rRNA p...

1781177329

Experimental determination of resolution function parameters from small-angle neutron scattering data of a colloidal SiO₂dispersion

J Appl Crystallogr, 2010

A dilute dispersion of charge-stabilized, monodisperse silica nanoparticles has been used to determine the instrumental resolution function parameters of a conventional small-angle neutron scattering instrument in pinhole geometry over the entire accessible range of momentum transfer q . Independent determination of the structure parameters of the colloidal silica dispersion by small-angle X-ray scattering enables refinement of both the q -independent geometric and the q -dependent (wavelength spread or polychromaticity of the neutron beam) contributions to the resolution function. The procedure described is appropriate if no further instrumental characterization is available. It is demonstrated that the sample used for refining the resolution function param...

1781177329

Early versus late dexamethasone treatment in preterm infants at risk for chronic lung disease: a randomized pilot study

Eur J Pediatr, 1999

The purpose of this controlled, prospective pilot study was to compare the short-and long-term efficacy of early versus late treatment with dexamethasone (Dex) in preterm infants at risk for chronic lung disease (CLD). Thirty ventilated premature infants with a birth weight ≤ 1250 g were randomized to receive Dex either from day 7 or from day 14. Dex was administered over 16 days tapering from 0.5 mg/kg per day to 0.1 mg/kg per day. The infants of the early treatment group could be weaned significantly earlier from the ventilator – after 14 days (median; range 9–24) versus 24 days (median; range 8–44) in the late treatment group. The need for supplemental oxygen was shorter if Dex was started early – 24 days (median; range 10–57) versus 40 days (...

1781177329

Industry Clockspeed and the Pace of New Product Development

Production and Operations Management, 2005

Recent empirical literature describes an industry's clockspeed as a measure of the evolutionary life cycle, which captures the dynamic nature of the industry. Among other factors, the rate of new product development is found to be associated with an industry's clockspeed. Yet the notion of an industry clockspeed and the essential factors driving suitable decision making in this area have remained relatively unexplored. We develop a simple definition and a corresponding analytic model which explains the interdependent relationship between a firm's own new product development activities and an industry clockspeed. Results from the single firm model show the conditions under which particular firms have an incentive to accelerate their new product development ac...

1781177329

Review: Postchaperonin Tubulin Folding Cofactors and Their Role in Microtubule Dynamics

Journal of Structural Biology, 2001

The microtubule cytoskeleton consists of a highly organized network of microtubule polymers bound to their accessory proteins: microtubule-associated proteins, molecular motors, and microtubule-organizing proteins. The microtubule subunits are heterodimers composed of one α-tubulin polypeptide and one β-tubulin polypeptide that should undergo a complex folding processing before they achieve a quaternary structure that will allow their incorporation into the polymer. Due to the extremely high protein concentration that exists at the cell cytoplasm, there are α- and β-tubulin interacting proteins that prevent the unwanted interaction of these polypeptides with the surrounding protein pool during folding, thus allowing microtubule dynamics. Several years ag...

1781177329

Surface modification of polyimide film by coupling reaction for copper metallization

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2009

Abstract In this study, Upilex-S [poly(biphenyl dianhydride- p -phenylene diamine)], one of polyimide films, was modified by coupling reactions with N,N-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) to increase adhesion to copper for flexible copper clad laminate (FCCL). Imidazole groups show strong interaction with copper metal to make charge transfer complexes. Because polyimide film did not have active site with coupling agent, the film surfaces were modified by aqueous KOH solutions and reacted with dilute HCl solutions. Surface modified Upilex-S was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to examine the surface chemical composition and film morphology and investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Changes in the wettabi...

1781177329

Disentangling economic, cultural, and nutritional motives to identify entry points for regulating a wildlife commodity chain

Biological Conservation, 2019

Development of reduction policies for products risking the health or the environment usually begins with the question of whether the most promising entry point is reducing production, distribution or consumption. We aim to answer this crucial question for bushmeat, a wildlife product whose unsustainable harvest threatens biodiversity and food security. We collected one of the largest data sets available on bushmeat commodity chains by interviewing 348 hunters, 202 bushmeat traders, 190 restaurant owners, and 985 consumers in 47 urban and rural settlements around Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire. We examined 1) structural traits by network analyses and 2) disentangled the underlying economic, cultural, and nutritional motives for bushmeat utilization at the...

1781177329

THE ANGIOGRAPHIC DIAGNOSIS OF EXTRADURAL HEMATOMA OF THE POSTERIOR FOSSA

American Journal of Roentgenology, 1971

Although extradural hematomas that involve the posterior fossa are relatively rare, they are amenable to surgical treatment. The clinical presentation is usually typical, but frequently a long delay precedes the diagnosis. Associated injuries frequently confuse the clinical appraisal. In a review of the literature, Reigh and O’Connell15 reported concomitant supratentorial lesions in more than 20 per cent of patients with extradural hematoma of the posterior fossa. Carotid arteriography is often performed on patients with acute injuries of the head. The discovery of a supratentorial subdural, extradural, or intracerebral hematoma may discourage further investigation, even when cerebellar signs are present. Extradural hematomas that involved the posterior fo...

1781177329

LDR Image to HDR Image Mapping with Overexposure Preprocessing

IEICE Trans. Fundamentals, 2013

Due to the growing popularity of High Dynamic Range (HDR) images and HDR displays, a large amount of existing Low Dynamic Range (LDR) images are required to be converted to HDR format to benefit HDR advantages, which give rise to some LDR to HDR algorithms. Most of these algorithms especially tackle overexposed areas during expanding, which is the potential to make the image quality worse than that before processing and introduces artifacts. To dispel these problems, we present a new LDR to HDR approach, unlike the existing techniques, it focuses on avoiding sophisticated treatment to overexposed areas in dynamic range expansion step. Based on a separating principle, firstly, according to the familiar types of overexposure, the overexposed areas are classifi...

1781177329

Electrocatalytic oxidation of nitrite at an aluminum electrode modified by a chemically deposited palladium pentacyanonitrosylferrate film

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 2004

Abstract A simple electroless dipping method has been used for the deposition of the palladium pentacyanonitrosylferrate (PdPCNF) film on the aluminum electrode surface. This aluminum-based modified electrode (PdPCNF/Al) exhibits one pair of well-defined voltammetric peaks, which is ascribed to the redox process of the Fe center in the PdPCNF complex structure. The PdPCNF/Al modified electrode shows electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of nitrite in 0.5 M ammonium nitrate solution (pH ≈ 5) and exhibits a good reproducibility and stability. The catalytic peak current was found to be linear with the nitrite concentration in the range 0.5–100 mM, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9998, using linear sweep voltammetry. The mechanism and kinetics of t...

1781177329

Conclusive identification of quantum channels via monogamy of quantum correlations

Physics Letters A, 2016

We investigate the action of local and global noise on monogamy of quantum correlations, when monogamy scores are considered as observables, and three-qubit systems are subjected to global noise and various local noisy channels, namely, amplitude-damping, phase-damping, and depolarizing channels. We show that the dynamics of monogamy scores corresponding to negativity and quantum discord, in the case of generalized W states, as inputs to the noisy channels, can exhibit non-monotonic dynamics with respect to increasing noise parameter, which is in contrast to the monotonic decay of monogamy scores when generalized Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states are exposed to noise. We quantify the persistence of monogamy against noise via a characteristic value of the no...

1781177329

A Sensation Model for Color Images’ Cognition

AMM, 2013

It’s a new idea to make computers be able to obtain “sensations” from a color image through some unsupervised ways. To let the idea come into true, a granule-based model, based on granular computing(GrC) which is a new way to simulate human thinking to help solve complicated problems in the field of computational intelligence, is proposed for color image processing. First, this paper deems data a hypercube, defines two new concepts, attribute granules(AtG) and connected granules(CoG), and presents the definitions of the granule-based model. Then, in order to fulfill the granule-based model, this paper designs a single attribute analyser(SAA), defines some theorems and lemmas related to decomposition, and describes the processing of extracting all attib...

1781177329

Sediment organic matter source estimation and ecological classification in the semi-enclosed Batan Bay Estuary, Philippines

International Journal of Sediment Research, 2021

Abstract The large organic matter flow in tropical coastal areas is recognized as an important process in the global carbon (C) cycle. However, the nature of organic matter flow in semi-enclosed tropical estuaries remains unclear due to the various environmental processes (tidal change, river flow, waves from the sea, and internal circulation) and organic matter sources therein. Thus, sediment organic matter (SOM) sources, and their distribution pattern, are key to understanding ecosystem material flow. Our research in the Batan Bay Estuary, Philippines, a semi-enclosed estuary under large mangrove deforestation, was conducted to determine ecosystem properties through analysis of C and nitrogen stable isotope ratios and environmental factors. First, we deter...

1781177329

AIR-BORNE POLLEN SURVEYS IN EASTERN CANADA

Can. J. Plant Sci., 1969

Practically no air-borne pollen was collected until the first of May at any of the seven sites established in eastern Quebec and the Atlantic Provinces. Trees and shrubs such as the alders, birches, pines and spruces produced the greater part of the pollen from May to June. Peak grass pollen periods occurred at most of the stations in the latter part of June and July. Ragweed pollen was collected only m small amounts at all the sites except Ste. Anne de la Pocatière, Quebec. Pollen from other plants known to cause hay fever were recorded in very small amounts. Pollen grains from poplars, birches, pines, spruces, balsam far, hemlocks, juinpers and ragweeds were collected on Sable Island, approximately 175 miles east of Halifax, yet none of these plants is kn...

1781177329

Food supply and poaching limit giraffe abundance in the Serengeti

Population Ecology, 2015

The iconic giraffe, an ecologically important browser, has shown a substantial decline in numbers across Africa since the 1990s. In Serengeti National Park, Tanzania, giraffes reached densities of 1.5–2.6 individuals km−2 in the 1970s coincident with a pulse of Acacia tree recruitment. However, despite continued increases in woody cover between the 1980s and the 2000s, giraffe recruitment and survival rates have declined and density has dropped to only 0.3–0.4 giraffes km−2. We used a decision table to investigate how four extrinsic factors may have contributed to these declines: food supply, predation, parasites, and poaching, which have all been previously shown to limit Serengeti ungulate populations. Lower recruitment likely resulted from a reduc...

1781177329

Synthesis of photoluminescent colloidal silicon nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation in liquids

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., 2007

We performed pulsed laser ablation (PLA) of a silicon target in liquid environment to prepare a silicon colloid solution. The nanoparticles were observed by SEM and TEM measurements. The result of Raman scattering indicates that this particle is mainly composed of silicon nanocrystallites. The optical gap energies of the colloid solutions varied by changing the solvents; 2.9 and 3.5 eV for colloids prepared in water and hexane, respectively. These colloid solutions showed efficient PL intensity. Since Si-(CH3)n related bonds were observed for the specimen prepared in hexane, surface effects other than the quantum confinement effect should be taken into account for the origin of the PL. Our results indicate that new kinds of Sibased colloid solutions can be p...

1781177329

Risikostratifizierung und (Sekundär-)Prävention der Atherothrombose bei Gefäßpatienten - Screening auf PAVK signalisiert kardio- und zerebrovaskuläres Risiko

Notfall & Hausarztmedizin, 2007

Die generalisiert auftretende und zunächst asymptomatische Atherosklerose wird bei Ruptur atherosklerotischer Plaques in die überwiegend symptomatische Atherothrombose überführt. Mit ihren Manifestationsformen, wie Herz- und Hirninfarkt sowie vaskulärer Tod, führt die Atherothrombose die Morbiditäts- und Mortalitätsstatistiken an. Risikopersonen sollten daher vom Hausarzt oder Kliniker gescreent werden. Dies betrifft vorwiegend Patienten im höheren Lebensalter und insbesondere solche mit bereits bekannten (kardio-) vaskulären Risikofaktoren. Der Nachweis einer Atherosklerose in einer Gefäßregion sagt Ereignisse auch in anderen Gefäßgebieten voraus. Wichtig ist daher auch die Erfassung asymptomatischer Patienten. Jeder Patient mit einer bereits ...

1781177329

A novel HBsAg-based model for predicting significant liver fibrosis among Chinese patients with immune-tolerant phase chronic hepatitis B: a multicenter retrospective study

Therap Adv Gastroenterol, 2021

Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in the immune-tolerant (IT) phase is significantly associated with high risk for hepatocellular carcinoma, suggesting requirement for antiviral therapy, particularly for those with histological liver injury. This study aimed to establish a non-invasive panel to assess significant liver fibrosis in IT chronic hepatitis B.One hundred and thirteen IT-phase CHB patients were retrospectively recruited and divided into two histopathological groups according to their histological profiles: necroinflammatory score

1781177329

Occurrence of Dechlorane series flame retardants in sediments from the Pearl River Delta, South China

Environmental Pollution, 2021

Dechlorane series flame retardants (DECs), e.g. Dechlorane plus (DP), have reportedly showed an increase in consumption since the phase-out of traditional brominated flame retardants (BFRs). Here we investigated DP and 7 structural analogues, as well as its 2 dechlorinated products in 76 surficial sediments from the Pearl River Delta (PRD), one of the three important manufacturing bases of China. The concentration of Σ8DECs varied from 28.1 to 38,000 pg g−1 dw in the PRD sediments, dominated by DP and Mirex. Spatially, sedimental DP concentrations were significantly and positively correlated with the municipal gross domestic product (GDP), population and sewage discharge of the PRD cities, but were insignificantly related to their industrial outputs. This...

1781177329

CCC/PEC/APE

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open, 2015

INTRODUCTION The Clinical Competency Committee (CCC) comprises a minimum of 3 faculty members who meet semiannually and compile milestone-based evaluations of each resident. They make recommendations to the program director regarding resident promotion, remediation, and dismissal. The Program Evaluation Committee (PEC) requires a minimum of 2 faculty members and 1 resident who oversee the educational side of the program and review it annually in the form of the Annual Program Evaluation (APE).1 METHODS We reviewed these new committees and their recent work at the University of North Carolina’s Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery’s residency program, which became integrated in July 2014. CCC and PEC committees were developed in January 2014 and met officia...

1781177329

The Deterrence-Versus-Restraint Dilemma in Extended Deterrence: Explaining British Policy in 1914

Int Studies Review, 2006

This essay explores the deterrence-versus-restraint dilemma in extended deterrence in the context of the Tripartite Crisis Game under incomplete information. This model was developed specifically to capture the mixed motives and contradictory impulses that oftentimes frame extended deterrence encounters. To focus the analysis and to gain tractability, we make specific assumptions about the utilities of the players: Challenger, Defender, and Protege. Our most significant simplification concerns Defender's type. In particular, we assume that Defender, although not heavily invested in the issues in dispute, is known to prefer conflict to the breakup of its strategic relationship with Protege. One important result concerns unequivocal commitments. We find that s...

1781177329

FE thermo-mechanical simulation of welding residual stresses and distortion in Ti-containing TWIP steel through GTAW process

Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2020

Abstract The effect of residual stresses can be beneficial or harmful depending on their magnitude, type and distribution. This research work applied the isotropic and kinematic hardening models with different strain rates (0.001-100 s−1) to simulate the non-linear mechanical behavior of Twinning Induced Plasticity (TWIP) steel microalloyed with titanium. A finite element (FE) thermo-mechanical model was employed to analyze the welding thermal cycle in the TWIP-Ti steel. The numerical prediction of residual stress was validated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements in welding critical regions. Furthermore, a residual stress critical zone (SCZ) was defined as a function of the maximum tensile residual stress and hardness in the fusion zone (FZ) and heat a...

1781177329

Single Immunization of Newborn Mice with Heterologous Type-II Collagen Induces Arthritic Disease

Autoimmunity, 2003

Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) is a widely accepted model of autoimmune disease with significant similarities to rheumatoid arthritis in humans. CIA is provoked in susceptible strains upon immunization of adult mice with native type-II collagen in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Neonatal exposure to antigen is supposed to result in T cell clone deletion and induction of tolerance. Here we report that the neonatal injection of bovine type-II collagen (bCII) to ICR (CD-2) mice triggers the development of autoimmune chronic joint inflammation. Compared with standard CIA significant joint swelling was not observed and anti-collagen antibodies were not detected if the second challenge with the antigen was not supplied. Histopathologic examination of the joint...

1781177329

Push‐pull‐Butadiene. VI. Darstellung von substituierten Nicotinonitrilen

J. Prakt. Chem., 1986

Push-pull-Butadienes. VI. Synthesis of Substituted Nicotinonitriles 2-Aryl-4,4-bis(methylthio)-1,3-butadiene-1,1-dicarbonitriles 1 react with N-bromosuccinimide or sulphuryl chloride to give 3-bromo- and 3-chloro-butadienedicarbonitriles 3, respectively. Compounds 1 or 3 can be converted with methanethiol in alkaline solution to 4-aryl-2,6-bis(methylthio)nicotinonitriles 2. Butadienedicarbonitriles 3 and sodium alkoxide yield alkoxynicotinonitriles 5. 4-Aryl-2,6-dibromo- and 2-bromo-5-chloro-nicotinonitriles 8, respectively, are prepared by treating 1 or 3 with bromine. Nicotinonitriles 8 react with hydrazine hydrate to yield pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines 12. Treatment of butadienedicarbonitriles 3 with sulphuryl chloride gives 2-aryl-3-bromo- and 3-chloro-4-chlo...

1781177329

Organic Behavior Disorder

AMA Am J Dis Child, 1956

The subject of this study is the clinical investigation of a state which is known variously as organic brain disease (Bender1), organic drivenness (Kahn and Cohen2), brain injury (Strauss3), organic state Silver4), and minimal cerebral injury (Gesell5). The definition of Strauss and Lehtinen is most apt in its specificity and inclusiveness for delineating the subject of this investigation. These authors define a brain-damaged child as one who before, during, or after birth has received an injury to or an infection of the brain. As a result of such organic impairment, defects of the neuromotor system may be present or absent; however, such a child may show disturbances in perception, thinking, and emotional behavior, either separately or in combination. The d...

1781177329

PALLIATIVE GASTRECTOMY IN ADVANCED GASTRIC CANCER: IS IT WORTHWHILE?

ANZ Journal of Surgery, 2006

Gastric cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Many patients present late, and therefore, resections are often palliative in nature. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of resectional operation and the survival advantage of surgical resection in advanced gastric cancer. The effectiveness of palliation and the quality of life following operation for gastric cancer were assessed.One hundred and fifty-one patients who underwent operation for gastric cancer at a tertiary centre in South India during a 5-year period between 1999 and 2003, were included in this study. Four sites of tumour spread were used as indicators of incurability in these patients. These were unresectable primary tumour or macroscopic residual prima...

1781177329

Does Initial Temperature in the Emergency Department Predict Outcomes in Patients Admitted for Sepsis?

The Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2018

Background Sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Prompt recognition and early treatment has been shown to improve mortality. Both low and high temperature are among the four elements of systemic inflammatory response required for the diagnosis of sepsis. We hypothesized that initial temperature has an effect on the identification, treatment, and outcomes of septic patients. Objective Our aim was to determine the prognostic and diagnostic utility of the initial recorded body temperature in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with sepsis. Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted in the ED of a single facility during the study period of January 1, 2014 through December 31, 2014. Inclusion cr...

1781177329

THE FIRST GALAXIES: CHEMICAL ENRICHMENT, MIXING, AND STAR FORMATION

ApJ, 2010

Using three-dimensional cosmological simulations, we study the assembly process of one of the first galaxies, with a total mass of 10^8 M_sun, collapsing at z = 10. Our main goal is to trace the transport of the heavy chemical elements produced and dispersed by a pair-instability supernova exploding in one of the minihalo progenitors. To this extent, we incorporate an efficient algorithm into our smoothed particle hydrodynamics code which approximately models turbulent mixing as a diffusion process. We study this mixing with and without the radiative feedback from Population III stars that subsequently form in neighboring minihalos. Our simulations allow us to constrain the initial conditions for second-generation star formation, within the first galaxy itse...

1781177329

Catalytic hydrogenation of aromatic nitriles and dinitriles with nickel compounds

Applied Catalysis A: General, 2009

Nickel(0) catalysts of the type, [(dippe)Ni(η2–NC–R)] (R = –Ph, –PhCN) prepared in situ from the nickel(I) dimmer, [(dippe)Ni(μ-H)]2 (1) in the presence of benzonitrile or the benzodinitriles (1,2-, 1,3- or 1,4-dicyanobenzenes) were used to hydrogenate these substrates. In the case of benzonitrile, 100% conversion was achieved after 72 h at 140 °C while pressurizing a reactor vessel with 60 psi of H2. N-Benzyl-benzylimine was obtained in 97% yield, accompanied by a small amount of dibenzylamine (2%). Hydrogenation of dicyanobenzenes was found to require more forceful conditions. In the case of 1,4-dicyanobenzene a 62% conversion of the substrate was achieved at 180 °C and 60 psi of H2 after 72 h. Hydrogenation of 1,3-dicyanobenzene yielded only a...

1781177329

Immediate and persistent effects of Salvinorin A on the kappa opioid receptor in rodents, monitored in vivo with pet

Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2015

Monitoring changes in opioid receptor binding with positron emission tomography (PET) could lead to a better understanding of tolerance and addiction because altered opioid receptor dynamics following agonist exposure has been linked to tolerance mechanisms. We have studied changes in kappa opioid receptor (KOR) binding availability in vivo with PET following kappa opioid agonist administration. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=31) were anesthetized and treated with the (KOR) agonist salvinorin A (0.01-1.8 mg/kg, i.v.) before administration of the KOR selective radiotracer [(11)C]GR103545. When salvinorin A was administered 1 min prior to injection of the radiotracer, [(11)C]GR103545 binding potential (BPND) was decreased in a dose-dependent manner, indicating re...

1781177329

Is it even worth it? The effect of loss prospects in the outcome distribution of a public goods dilemma

Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 2010

Contributions to public goods are premised on the expectation that the collective will realize benefit in excess of the value of required contributions. However, past research has focused on public goods of fixed and known value, for which the added value of the produced public good is obvious. Research has largely ignored public goods whose eventual value is uncertain at the time contribution decisions are made. Two studies explored the effects of outcome variance on individuals’ contributions to a public good and their reasons for contributing. Contributions were negatively affected by loss prospects in the distribution of possible outcomes. Further, loss prospects directly discouraged contributions because of loss aversion, and indirectly discouraged co...

Where do I get new articles?

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Where do I get new articles?

database