Sci-Hub

1785185161

Hapalotrema (Digenea: Spirorchidae) in the Green Turtle (Chelonia Mydas) in Australia

The Journal of Parasitology, 1998

Hapalotrema mehrai Rao, 1976 and Hapalotrema postorchis Rao, 1976 (Digenea: Spirorchidae) are redescribed from the heart and pulmonary arteries of the green turtle, Chelonia mydas, from Moreton Bay in south-eastern Queensland. Hapalotrema pambanensis Gupta and Mehrotra, 1981 from C. mydas in India is made a synonym of H. mehrai. Hapalotrema dorsopora Dailey, Fast and Balazs, 1993 from C. mydas from Hawaii was described with a dorsally opening uterine pore, but this is found to be the opening of Laurer's canal; therefore H. dorsopora is also made a synonym of H. mehrai. In addition to differences in the numbers of testes and general dimensions, H. mehrai and H. postorchis differ in the development of Laurer's canal and in the absence of a canalicular seminal ...

1785185161

Inhibitors of PDE1 and PDE5 cGMP phosphodiesterases: patents and therapeutic potential

Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 1997

Cyclic 3′5′-guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a key second messenger involved in the processes of intracellular signalling. Steady state levels of cGMP are modulated through a balance between the rates of formation and degradation of the nucleotide. A potential therapeutic approach to manipulation of cGMP is the inhibition of the phosphodiesterases PDE1 and PDE5. PDE5 inhibitors have been targeted by many companies and have resulted in a large number of patents. The disclosed inhibitors cover an eclectic range of polycyclic nitrogen heterocycles. Activities reported show IC50 values in the low nanomolar to subnanomolar range. A wide range of tissue, cellular and in vivo effects are also reported for these PDE5 inhibitors. By contrast, only a very few pat...

1785185161

mHealth for HIV Treatment & Prevention: A Systematic Review of the Literature

TOAIDJ, 2013

This systematic review assesses the published literature to describe the landscape of mobile health technology (mHealth) for HIV/AIDS and the evidence supporting the use of these tools to address the HIV prevention, care, and treatment cascade. The speed of innovation, broad range of initiatives and tools, and heterogeneity in reporting have made it difficult to uncover and synthesize knowledge on how mHealth tools might be effective in addressing the HIV pandemic. To do address this gap, a team of reviewers collected literature on the use of mobile technology for HIV/AIDS among health, engineering, and social science literature databases and analyzed a final set of 62 articles. Articles were systematically coded, assessed for scientific rigor, and sorted fo...

1785185161

Proximity to females alters circulating testosterone concentrations and body weight in male goats

Small Ruminant Research, 2016

To examine the effect of female proximity on circulating testosterone (T) concentrations, male French Alpine goats (Capra hircus; ages 4 to 5 yr old) were housed with visual contact with females (Near bucks, n = 5), or no visual contact with females (Far bucks, n = 5), prior to the onset of the breeding season (Experiment 1). After 10 wk, all males had visual contact with females. In a subsequent study (Experiment 2) Near (n = 10; ages 3 to 6) and Far bucks (n = 10; ages 3 to 6 yr old) remained in prospective housing conditions for the entire breeding season and body weight were measure weekly. To determine how T concentrations affect body weight castrated males (ages 5 yr old) were dosed with either 100 mg (n = 5), 25 mg (n = 5) or vehicle control (CON; n =...

1785185161

The “Parkinsonian Heart”: From Novel Vistas to Advanced Therapeutic Approaches in Parkinsons Disease

CMC, 2007

The present manuscript reviews novel data on the progressive involvement of different regions of the central nervous system as well as peripheral nerves in Parkinson's disease. Most of these regions are involved in the regulation of the autonomic nervous system, and their damage is concomitant with the specific loss of sympathetic cardiac axon terminals. This causes a cardiovascular dysfunction, which occurs solely in Parkinsonian patients. In order to specify the peculiarity of this cardiovascular alteration we coined the term "Parkinsonian Heart". This is characterized by a severe loss of the physiological noradrenergic innervation and a slight impairment of central autonomic control and it is often characterized by drug-induced morpho-functional alteratio...

1785185161

The common hepatic branch of the vagus is not required to mediate the glycemic and food intake suppressive effects of glucagon-like-peptide-1

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 2011

The incretin and food intake suppressive effects of intraperitoneally administered glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) involve activation of GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1R) expressed on vagal afferent fiber terminals. Central nervous system processing of GLP-1R-driven vagal afferents results in satiation signaling and enhanced insulin secretion from pancreatic-projecting vagal efferents. As the vast majority of endogenous GLP-1 is released from intestinal l-cells following ingestion, it stands to reason that paracrine GLP-1 signaling, activating adjacent GLP-1R expressed on vagal afferent fibers of gastrointestinal origin, contributes to glycemic and food intake control. However, systemic GLP-1R-mediated control of glycemia is currently attributed to endocrine action i...

1785185161

Advantages of dietary, exercise-related, and therapeutic interventions to prevent and treat sarcopenia in adult patients: an update

CIA, 2010

Sarcopenia is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with aging. Although the term sarcopenia was first coined in 1989, its etiology is still poorly understood. Moreover, a consensus for defining sarcopenia continues to elude us. Sarcopenic changes in the muscle include losses in muscle fiber quantity and quality, alpha-motor neurons, protein synthesis rates, and anabolic and sex hormone production. Other factors include basal metabolic rate, increased protein dietary requirements, and chronic inflammation secondary to age-related changes in cytokines and oxidative stress. These changes lead to decreased overall physical functioning, increased frailty, falls risk, and ultimately the loss of independent living. Because the intertwining relationships of...

1785185161

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma: abridged Cochrane systematic review and GRADE assessments

Br J Dermatol, 2021

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer affecting white-skinned individuals, and the worldwide incidence is increasing. Although rarely fatal, BCC is associated with significant morbidity and costs.To assess the effects of interventions for primary BCC in immunocompetent adults.We updated our searches of the following databases to November 2019: Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and LILACS. Certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation method. We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane.We included 52 randomized controlled trials with 6990 participants (median age 65 years; range 20-95). Mean study duration was 13 months ...

1785185161

Fault Detection in Photovoltaic Systems Using a Machine Learning Approach

IEEE Access, 2025

Research and development of intelligent fault monitoring in photovoltaic systems are crucial for efficient energy generation. In response to the industry’s demand for innovative solutions to enhance energy output and reduce maintenance costs, this study explores machine-learning approaches for the autonomous detection and classification of faults caused by partial shading and dirt accumulation in photovoltaic modules. The proposed fault detection solutions rely on analyzing different algorithms, including Support Vector Machine, Artificial Neural Network, Random Forest, Decision Tree, and Logistic Regression. The research explored data collected from two real photovoltaic systems, each with distinct module characteristics and power ratings. Data were gathe...

1785185161

The Trade-Off between Female Fertility and Longevity during the Epidemiological Transition in the Netherlands

PLoS ONE, 2015

Several hypotheses have been put forward to explain the relationship between women's fertility and their post-reproductive longevity. In this study, we focus on the disposable soma theory, which posits that a negative relationship between women's fertility and longevity can be understood as an evolutionary trade-off between reproduction and survival. We examine the relationship between fertility and longevity during the epidemiological transition in the Netherlands. This period of rapid decline in mortality from infectious diseases offers a good opportunity to study the relationship between fertility and longevity, using registry data from 6,359 women born in The Netherlands between 1850 and 1910. We hypothesize that an initially negative relationship betwee...

1785185161

Histological and immunohistochemical features suggesting aetiological differences in lymph node and (muco)cutaneous feline tuberculosis lesions

J of Small Animal Practice, 2021

To identify and describe histological and immunohistochemical criteria that may differentiate between skin and lymph node lesions associated with Mycobacterium (M.) bovis and M. microti in a diagnostic pathology setting.Archived skin and lymph node biopsies of tuberculous lesions were stained with haematoxylin and eosin, Ziehl-Neelsen and Masson's Trichrome. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of calprotectin, CD3 and Pax5. Samples were scored for histological parameters (i.e. granulomas with central necrosis versus small granulomas without central necrosis, percentage necrosis and/or multinucleated giant cells), number of acid-fast bacilli (bacterial index) and lesion percentage of fibrosis and positive immunohistochemical staining.T...

1785185161

The role of reading difficulties in the associations between task values, efficacy beliefs, and achievement emotions

Read Writ, 2018

The aim of this study was to examine the situational associations of reading-related task values and efficacy beliefs with achievement emotions, and whether these associations are moderated by reading difficulties (RD). The sample comprised 128 Finnish sixth-grade students (66 with no reading difficulties [No RD], 31 with mild reading difficulties [Mild RD], and 31 with severe reading difficulties [Severe RD]) who were randomized to complete either a non-challenging or challenging reading task. Students reported their reading-related task values (attainment and interest) and efficacy beliefs right before and their achievement emotions both before and after performing the reading task. The results revealed that the associations of task values and efficacy bel...

1785185161

Optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism of substituted mandelic acids

Tetrahedron, 1970

ORD at 25° and CD data (at 25° and −185°) are given for R-mandelic acid and the following substituted R-mandelic acids and R-methyl mandelates: 4-Br, 4Cl, 3Cl, 4F, 3F, 2F, 4OCH3, 3OCH3, 20CH3 For comparison, ORD and CD data are given of S-tropic acid, R-α-methoxy phenylacetic acid and R-β-phenyllactic acid and their methyl esters. The absolute configuration and optical purity were determined by measurement of the NMR spectra of their methyl esters in (+)α(1-naphtyl)ethylamine. It is concluded that the low-wavelength Cotton effect of the aromatic chromophore is negative for the R-mandelic acids and their esters. The 1Lb, Cotton effect of the aromatic chromophore is positive for the unsubstituted and 3-substituted R-mandelic acids and their esters but ...

1785185161

Effect of autonomic nervous system dysfunction on the circadian pattern of myocardial ischemia in diabetes mellitus

Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 1994

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of ambulatory myocardial ischemia in patients with diabetes mellitus and to delineate the relation between the presence and severity of autonomic nervous system dysfunction and the incidence and time of onset of myocardial ischemia.Conflicting data exist with regard to the circadian pattern of myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular events, such as ambulatory ischemia, in diabetes.We performed ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring in 60 patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease. Autonomic nervous system testing was performed in a subgroup of 25 patients with myocardial ischemia after discontinuation of all antianginal medications.Thirty-eight of 60 patients had evi...

1785185161

Histamine deficiency promotes accumulation of immunosuppressive immature myeloid cells and growth of murine gliomas

OncoImmunology, 2015

To elucidate mechanisms underlying epidemiological findings of decreased risk of glioma development in patients with allergies and asthma, gliomas were induced in mice deficient for histidine decarboxylase (HDC), the enzyme responsible for histamine production. These mice exhibited shortened survival and enhanced tumor growth compared to wild-type (WT) mice. Previous studies have shown a pivotal role of HDC in maturation of bone marrow (BM)-derived myeloid cells. In our glioma models, brain-infiltrating leukocytes (BIL) demonstrated an increased frequency of CD11b+Gr1+ immature myeloid cells (IMC; both CD11b+Ly6G+ and CD11b+Ly6C+ subpopulations) as well as diminished CD8+ T cell infiltration and their effector functions in HDC−/− mice compared with WT mi...

1785185160

Environmental regulation, pollution reduction and green innovation: The case of the Chinese Water Ecological Civilization City Pilot policy

Economic Systems, 2021

This paper treats the Water Ecological Civilisation City Pilot (WECCP) policy as a quasi-natural experiment, and integrates environmental regulation, pollution reduction and green innovation into a unified analytical framework. Based on the pollution emission index and green patent data for 283 Chinese cities from 2010 to 2018, we examine the impact of WECCP policy on urban pollution emissions and green innovation by using a difference-in-differences model. The results show that the WECCP policy has significant regional pollution reduction effects, that is, the policy significantly reduces water pollution in the pilot cities, while it has a weak impact on air quality improvement. Also, we find that the WECCP policy significantly promotes the growth of the nu...

1785185160

Enhanced platelet activity and thrombosis in a murine model of type I diabetes are partially insulin-like growth factor 1-dependent and phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 2013

To determine whether dysregulation of platelet signaling mechanisms contributes to the increased risk of thrombosis associated with diabetes, using a type I diabetes mouse model.Type I diabetes was induced in C57Bl6 mice following streptozotocin injection. Arterial thrombosis, platelet signaling and function were assessed 4 weeks later in comparison with non-diabetic control mice. Fifty-seven per cent of diabetic mice (glucose level of > 250 mg dL(-1) ) developed stable occlusive thrombi after FeCl3 injury, as compared with 5% of their non-diabetic counterparts, suggesting that diabetic mice are more sensitive to arterial injury (P ≤ 0.02). Platelets from diabetic mice were more sensitive to protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4) agonist-induced fibrinogen b...

1785185160

Site-selective remote C(sp3)–H heteroarylation of amides via organic photoredox catalysis

Nat Commun, 2019

Abstract Radical translocation processes triggered by nitrogen-centered radicals (NCRs), such as 1,5-hydrogen atom transfers (1,5-HAT), demonstrated by the well-established Hofmann-Löffler-Freytag (HLF) reaction, provide an attractive approach for the controllable and selective functionalization of remote inert C(sp 3 )–H bonds. Here we report an amidyl radical-triggered site-selective remote C(sp 3 )–H heteroarylation of amides under organic photoredox conditions. This approach provides a mild and highly regioselective reaction affording remote C(sp 3 )–H heteroarylated amides at room temperature under transition-metal free, weakly basic, and redox-neutral conditions. Non-prefunctionalized heteroarenes, such as purines, thiazolopyridines, benzoxazole...

1785185160

Defining “Our Theology”

J Reform Theol, 2016

This essay discusses the archetypal/ectypal distinction set forth by Amandus Polanus (1561–1610) within his definition of true theology ( theologia vera ) in his Syntagma theologiae Christianae . In that work, Polanus demonstrates that defining theology is the fundamental task of a theologian. To arrive at his definition of theology, Polanus draws together the in se/in nobis distinction of John Duns Scotus and the archetypal/ectypal distinction of Fransciscus Junius in De verae theologiae . The result is a theology that is communicated from God, by a gracious revelation, to his rational creatures. Through his use of these distinctions, Polanus demonstrates both continuity and discontinuity with contemporary and Medieval scholastic thought on this very impo...

1785185160

On Catch-Effort Methods of Estimating Animal Abundance

Biometrics, 1996

By making a clear distinction between catch and removal, catch-effort methods can be applied in broader circumstances than generally believed. For instance, animals can be added to a population rather than removed, data on animal sightings can be treated as 'catch,' and more than one kind of data (e.g., data on both sightings and kill) can be used jointly to produce population estimates. Models and estimation procedures are presented which illustrate these possibilities. Also, least squares estimation (generally nonlinear) can be used in conjunction with any likelihood model, and we illustrate this procedure in a simulation study involving both natural and catch hazard functions. Properly formulated, least squares estimates appear to be as accurate and preci...

1785185160

Linear Power Flow Calculation of Distribution Networks With Distributed Generation

IEEE Access, 2019

To address the shortcomings of the existing linear power flow calculation methods for distribution networks with low versatility and calculation accuracy, a linear power flow calculation method considering distributed generation (DG) is proposed. According to the characteristics of distribution networks and using the Taylor series expansion technology, the nonlinear terms of the basic power flow equation are linearized. The reactive power generated by the non-PV type DG is simplified to a quadratic function of the voltage amplitude. Then, combined with linear approximation and the simplified DG calculation model, the basic power flow equation is simplified into a linear form. Based on the linear power flow equation, a linear power flow calculation method for...

1785185160

The chemistry of sodium with sulfur in flames

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 1990

An experimental and analytical program of sodium/sulfur chemistry has been conducted in a series of fuel rich and lean H2/O2/N2 flames, with and without added sulfur, and covering a wide range of temperatures and stoichiometries. Fluorescence measurements of OH and Na profiles together with sodium line reversal temperature profiles provided a broad data base for kinetic modeling. Analysis indicated NaSO2 to be the only significant sodium/sulfur product formed in the lean flames. NaOS is dominant in the rich flames, coupled with small contributions from NaSO2, NaSH, NaS and NaS2. A bond dissociation energy of D0(NaSO2) = 197 ± 20 kJ mol−1 is derived. Calculations indicate that the linear or triangular structures for NaOS both co-exist in approximately e...

1785185160

Thomson scattering diagnostic on the ETE tokamak: status and progress

Braz. J. Phys., 2004

In order to measure the plasma temperature and density in the spherical tokamak ETE, a one-channel Thomson scattering system was implemented. During the upgrade of capacitor banks and optimization since the beginning of operation, the plasma pulse duration has increased from 1.5 ms up to 12 ms with plasma currents varying from 10 kA to 60 kA. During this phase, the electron temperature was increased from 20 eV to 160 eV with densities as high as 3.5×10(19) m-3. Presently, the Thomson scattering diagnostic is being upgraded based on the time-delay technique, that consists in usingfi bers of different lengths to transmit the scattered light signals to the same polychromator. This system will allow measurements of electron temperature and density profi les wit...

1785185160

Molecular Crystals Under High Pressure: Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of the Solid–Solid Phase Transitions in [Co₂(CO)₆(XPh₃)₂] (X=P, As)

Chemistry A European J, 2009

Under pressure: The changes occurring in [Co2(CO)6(XPh3)2] species at high pressure and low temperature have been investigated by experimental X-ray diffraction and ab initio periodic calculations. The transformation of the carbonyl conformation (from staggered to eclipsed; see figure) and the compression/expansion of the CoCo bond have been carefully analysed. An accurate analysis of the solid-state structural transformations occurring in species of the general formula [Co2(CO)6(XPh3)2] (X=P, As) by experimental X-ray diffraction under non-ambient conditions (on variation of pressure or temperature) and by ab initio theoretical modelling is presented. After a crystal-to-crystal phase transition, the conformation of carbonyl ligands about the CoCo bond...

1785185160

From nanodroplets to continuous films: how the morphology of polyelectrolyte multilayers depends on the dielectric permittivity and the surface charge of the supporting substrate

Soft Matter, 2011

Using atomic force microscopy, we investigated how the morphology of layer-by-layer deposited polyelectrolyte multilayers is influenced by the physical properties of the supporting substrate. The surface coverage of the assembly and its topography were found to be dependent on the dielectric permittivity of the substrate and the strength of the electrostatic interactions between polyanions and polycations. For poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/poly(styrene sulfonate) (PAH/PSS), a strongly interacting polyelectrolyte couple, no dependency of the surface morphology on the physical properties of the underlying substrate was observed. In contrast, the weakly interacting pair poly(L-lysine)/hyaluronic acid (PLL/HA) formed rapidly continuous, flat layers on substrate...

1785185160

Air Change Rates in Residential Buildings in Tianjin, China

Procedia Engineering, 2017

Air change rate is an important factor in indoor environment with regards to occupants’ health. In order to study the association of air change rate in homes and building characteristics, a large scale air change rate measurements were carried out during Sept. 2013-Jan. 2016 in Tianjin, China. 410 homes were investigated and indoor environment were measured. Carbon dioxide concentration in homes was continuously measured for 24 hours. Air change rate was calculated by using CO2 produced by occupants as tracer gas. In the whole home, air change rates during sleeping time averaged 0.61±1.05 h-1 (median=0.32 h-1, n=340). In the bedrooms, air change rate during sleeping time were substantially higher, averaging 0.81±1.33 h-1 (median=0.43 h-1, n=390). Months ...

1785185160

Insights into viscous fingering effect induced by wettability alteration processes: A fractional flow study

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2021

Wettability alteration is one of the promising mechanisms for enhancement of oil recovery from preferentially oil-wet rocks. Many water-based EOR methods containing chemicals (e.g. surfactants) or ions (e.g. low salinity water: Low-Sal) were proposed to alter rock wettability to more water wetness. But, one of the possible challenges to get the full potential of such EOR methods is the occurrence of the viscous fingering phenomena. This could be the case for those of EOR methods in which an oil mobility profile over the flow domain could be formed due to the wettability alteration and thus potentially trigger viscous fingering with a negative impact on the oil displacement. In this paper, we aimed to describe this kind of viscous fingering phenomena by apply...

1785185160

Treatment of Femoral Shaft Aseptic Nonunion Associated With Broken Distal Locked Screws and Shortening

The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care, 2005

This retrospective study investigated the treatment of femoral shaft aseptic nonunions associated with broken distal locked screws and shortening.In this study, 11 femoral shaft aseptic nonunions associated with both broken distal locked screws and shortening in 11 consecutive adult patients were treated. All nonunions were associated with at least 1.5 cm (range, 1.5-3.5 cm) shortening. These nonunions were treated by removal of locked nails, one-stage femoral lengthening, static locked nail stabilization, and corticocancellous bone graft supplementation. Postoperatively, ambulation with protected weightbearing was encouraged as early as possible.Ten nonunions were followed up for a median of 4.1 years (range, 1.8-5.5 years), and nine fractures healed at a m...

1785185159

Nonlinear Diffusion in Critical Binary Mixture

Progress of Theoretical Physics, 1974

In the present note we consider the diffusion current in a critical binary mixture from the viewpoint of the nonlinear transport. As was shown by Kawasaki and ·Gunton1> in their study of the nonlinear shear viscosity a rem~rkable feature arises in the ·nonlinear transport; the nonlinear transport coefficient is :ilonanalytic with respect to the thermal ·driving force. This peculiar effect is due to.· the existence of the ·diffusion mode which brings the socalled long time tail into the time correlation function of transverse velocity. Thus, the formal power series expansion of the nonlinear transport coefficient with respect to the thermal driving force breaks down. The resummation of this series expansion Dl.ay give the convergent result and at the sam...

1785185159

The lack of response to suggestion under controlled surgical anesthesia

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 1987

Thirty-two ASA I or II women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy were randomly allocated to four groups to determine what type, if any, of recorded intraoperative message they would receive. Groups I and II heard a neutral recording with no verbal content. Group III heard an experimental recording with a positive suggestion for a rapid recovery. Group IV had a self-prepared message. The tapes were played during general anesthesia when anesthetic depth was judged to be stable and adequate by vital signs, end-tidal anesthetic concentration and EEG compressed spectral array. No patient reported any recall of intraoperative messages when interviewed on the day after surgery. Chart review showed no difference in days of hospitalization, dose of analgesics required,...

1785185159

Jung's Platypus and Hamlet's Complaint: A Place for Wonder in the Consulting Room

Brit J Psychotherapy, 2020

When Guildenstern is confronted with Hamlet's dubious invitation to ‘play upon this pipe’ (a recorder) a constrictive attitude is cruelly but artfully exposed. At another time and place Jung imagines an incredulous response to a creature so absurd that it should not exist (but does): the duck-billed platypus. Would the platypus, like Hamlet, have a complaint to make too? In this paper I use these examples, from very different kinds of literature, as touchstones to explore the ways in which the psychotherapeutic encounter can open up or, alternatively, shut down the way to ‘psychological understanding’, as Jung terms it. The paper addresses both the therapist's and patient's attitude to knowledge and in particular its relation to wonder which, I argue...

1785185159

A single‐amino acid substitution in the sixth leucine‐rich repeat of barley MLA6 and MLA13 alleviates dependence on RAR1 for disease resistance signaling

The Plant Journal, 2004

Interactions between barley and the powdery mildew pathogen, Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei, (Bgh) are determined by unique combinations of host resistance genes, designated Mildew-resistance locus (Ml), and cognate pathogen avirulence genes. These interactions occur both dependent and independent of Rar1 (required for Mla12 resistance) and Sgt1 (Suppressor of G-two allele of skp1), which are differentially required for diverse plant disease-resistance pathways. We have isolated two new functional Mla alleles, Rar1-independent Mla7 and Rar1-dependent Mla10, as well as the Mla paralogs, Mla6-2 and Mla13-2. Utilizing the inherent diversity amongst Mla-encoded proteins, we identified the only two amino acids exclusively conserved in RAR1-dependent MLA6, MLA10,...

1785185159

Characterization and dielectric properties of SrTi₁₋_xMn_xO₃ceramics

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 2015

SrTi1−xMnxO3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15) ceramics can be prepared by sintering SrTi1−xMnxO3 nanopowders, synthesized by a hydrothermal method, at 1,200 °C in air for 3 h. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results for all nanopowders and unannealed ceramics indicate a cubic-perovskite structure with an impurity phase of SrCO3 in nanopowders of x = 0.10 and 0.15. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of nanopowders reveal the agglomeration of cubiclike nanoparticles with particle sizes in the range of 86–105 nm. The dielectric constant (ε') at room temperature tends to increase upon Mn doping, to the maximum value of 600 at 1 kHz for a ceramic sample of x = 0.05 owing to the homogeneity of grain sizes. Annealing o...

1785185159

New self-activated eulytite-type compounds of M7Zr(PO4)6 (M=Ca, Sr, Ba)

Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2013

Abstract Eulytite-type orthophosphates M7Zr(PO4)6 (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) were prepared by conventional high temperature solid-state reaction. Sr7Zr(PO4)6 and Ba7Zr(PO4)6 crystallize in the pure eulytite-type phase with cubic space group ( I 4 ¯ 3 d ). The impurity phase β-Ca3(PO4)2 was inevitably coexisted with the Ca7Zr(PO4)6 phase. The luminescence properties are investigated by UV–VUV excitation and emission spectroscopy and X-ray-excited luminescence (XEL) spectroscopy. The broad excitation and emission bands are observed due to the charge transfer transition from Zr4+ to O2− in M7Zr(PO4)6 (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) eulytite. The characteristics of the phosphors including the luminescence mechanism are explained by Stokes shift, decay curves, and CIE color coo...

1785185159

Barley Distillers Grains as a Protein Supplement for Dairy Cows

Journal of Dairy Science, 1989

Dried distillers grains produced from a mix of 65% barley and 35% corn were evaluated in digestion and lactation experiments. Dried barley distillers grains had 56% NDF, 29% CP, 3% amino acid N, 2.5% NDIN (55% of total N), and 1.8% ADIN (39% of total N). Wet barley distillers grains had 38% NDF, 27% CP, 2.7% amino acid N, .5% NDIN (12% of total N), and .8% ADIN (19% of total N). Digestibility of DM and N was similar among lactating dairy cows fed diets containing approximately 25% corn silage DM, 15% alfalfa silage DM, 15% alfalfa hay DM, plus varying amounts of a corn-barley concentrate mix and supplemental CP from soybean meal, barley distillers grains, or from 1:1 mixture of soybean meal and barley distillers grains. Digestibility of ADIN, NDF, and ADF in...

1785185159

Reflective Writing: Articulating an Alternative Pedagogy

Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2015

The concept of the reflective practitioner has been widely embraced by the international academic community with innumerable professional courses in many disciplines and countries claiming to ascribe to this educational orthodoxy. However, there is a considerable lack of empirical evidence to guide the facilitation of reflective writing particularly in practice based disciplines such as nursing. The purpose of this paper is to review the empirical evidence relating to reflective writing in nurse education, while simultaneously advocating for an alternative pedagagogy of reflective writing. The discussion begins with an exploration of the extent to which educators have tended to adopt a hierarchical “levels of reflection” approach where critical reflectio...

1785185159

The Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi in the Decomposition of Fresh Residue and Soil Organic Carbon: A Mini‐Review

Soil Science Soc of Amer J, 2019

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widespread in terrestrial ecosystems. In addition to their contributions to plant nutrient uptake, AMF also provide many ecological functions including regulation of soil C dynamics. However, both stimulating and retarding soil organic decomposition by AMF have been observed. Here we discuss the possible reasons for such a contradiction. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi contribute to soil aggregation mainly through hyphal enmeshment, saprotrophic suppression, and production of glomalin-related soil proteins, while AMF can also stimulate organic decomposition through promoting degradative enzymes, modifying root production and activity, and/or through regulating the microbial community in the mycorrhizosphere and hyphosphere...

1785185158

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Circular RNA 0000096 affects cell growth and migration in gastric cancer

Br J Cancer, 2017

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs broadly expressed in cells of various species. Their role in cancers, especially in gastric cancer, is poorly understood. Circular RNA 0000096 (hsa_circ_0000096) levels in 101 paired gastric cancer tissues and adjacent non-tumorous tissues from patients with gastric cancer were detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. A receiver operating characteristic curve was generated to evaluate the diagnostic value of hsa_circ_0000096. RNA interference was used to manipulate the expression of hsa_circ_0000096. Its biological effects were evaluated by flow cytometry, real-time cell analysis, a wound scratch assay, western blot analysis and xenograft models. Hsa_circ_00000...

1785185158

Strain and filler ratio transitions from chains network to filler network damage in EPDM during single and cyclic loadings

Polymer, 2020

Chains and filler network damage were investigated during single and multiple cycles on a series of vulcanized EPDM containing various filler contents. In both series of experiments, a strain and a filler ratio transitions for damage mechanisms were identified. For low filler content (≤40 phr), damage mechanisms mostly occur in the elastically active rubber network consistent with the chains network alteration theory associated with irreversible chains scission/bond breakage. For high filler content (>40 phr), a strain transition occurs with damage initially located in the elastically active rubber network, but subsequently localizes in the vicinity of the filler-filler network. This is ascribed to filler re-aggregation with strain, improving its load-bear...

1785185158

What's new in molar incisor hypomineralization?

Dent Update, 2017

Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) poses a significant challenge to clinicians worldwide. Since its description in 2001, extensive research has provided some insight into the condition, its aetiology, natural history and management. An appreciation of the unique clinical features and management considerations of MIH is essential to maximize patient outcomes. Early diagnosis is the first of several key steps in developing an appropriate management plan, which must account for short- and long-term needs of the patient. While traditional caries preventive approaches are important, more proactive restorative strategies may also be useful. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This review provides clinicians with an update of the recent literature and discusses the contemp...

1785185158

Psychology's own mindfulness: Ellen Langer and the social politics of scientific interest in “active noticing”

J History Behavioral Science, 2019

Ellen Langer's mindfulness construct is presented as “indigenous” to disciplinary psychology. Langer's early work laid the foundations for the research program she would come to call the psychology of possibility. Studying inattentive behavior (mindlessness) and intentionally reflective cognition (mindfulness) placed her work directly in line with the theoretical priorities of the 1970s and influenced the direction of research in several subdisciplines related to social cognition. Positioning Langer's work at an intersection crossed by various discourse communities in psychology explains much of its influence within the discipline. However, its relevance is additionally related to a broader field of research and application also employing the terminology...

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Is there a relationship between the extent of maxillary transverse distraction and expansion of the upper airway?

Sleep Medicine, 2013

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is a progressive disease with numerous associated comorbidities. Because of its multifactorial etiology, several treatments have been proposed, not always achieving ideal results. The objective of the present study was to present a new form of treatment for OSAS based on maxillary transverse distraction osteogenesis (MTDO). A prospective study was conducted on 15 individuals with OSAS and with posterior crossbite. Because of atresia of the upper dental arch, the patients were submitted to MTDO, commonly called surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME), with osteotomy of the pterygomaxillary suture. After removal of the intraoral distractor, a new polysomnography exam was performed nine months after surgery ...

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Three‐Dimensional Investigation of Petrocalcic Materials: Insight into Pedogenic Processes and Future Applications

Soil Science Soc of Amer J, 2013

Computed tomography (CT) imaging was applied to Mormon Mesa petrocalcic and related materials to observe the location, arrangement, and interconnectedness of void spaces and to visualize density differences that may define pedogenic mineral relationships. Density variations visualized by these scans reveal features that may result from long developed pedogenic processes within these unique soil materials. Voids are present as cracks (shown to interconnect three-dimensionally), elongated spaces filled with unconsolidated materials, and oblate-spheroidal shapes that appear to be associated with detrital carbonate clasts. Density variations viewed through CT imaging may show the products of mineral neoformation, mineral packing differences during crystal growth...

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Optical response of highly excited particles in a strongly correlated system

Phys. Rev. B, 2014

We present a linear-response formalism for a system of correlated electrons out of equilibrium, as relevant for the probe optical absorption in pump-probe experiments. We consider the time dependent optical conductivity $\sigma(\omega,t)$ and its nonequilibrium properties. As an application we numerically study a single highly excited charged particle in the spin background, as described within the two-dimensional $t$-$J$ model. Our results show that the optical sum rule approaches the equilibrium-like one very fast, however, the time evolution and the final asymptotic behavior of the absorption spectra in the finite systems considered still reveal dependence on the type of initial pump perturbation. This is observed in the evolution of its main features: th...

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Simplex optimization of reaction variables in the production of cobalt(III) acetate in a bipolar packed-bed reactor

Analytica Chimica Acta, 1996

Cobalt(III) acetate production in a bipolar-packed bed reactor was investigated in terms of conversion ratio of Co(II) acetate, current yield and energy consumption. An experimental optimization was performed on the conversion ratio by the use of a sequential simplex method; cell voltage, concentrations of Co(II) acetate and sodium acetate, water content of the solution, temperature and the Faraday number of charge per mole of Co(II) acetate were chosen as reaction variables. The maximum conversion ratio in 36 electrolyses was 71.6% which could not be further improved by changing the levels of the selected variables. A record of the other performance parameters showed that the conditions for the highest conversion ratio were also suitable for satisfactory cu...

1785185157

Applications of hydrothermal time to quantifying and modeling seed germination and dormancy

Weed Science, 2002

Knowledge and prediction of seasonal weed seedling emergence patterns is useful in weed management programs. Seed dormancy is a major factor influencing the timing of seedling emergence, and once dormancy is broken, environmental conditions determine the rate of germination and seedling emergence. Seed dormancy is a population-based phenomenon, because individual seeds are independently sensing their environment and responding physiologically to the signals they perceive. Mathematical models based on characterizing the variation that occurs in germination times among individual seeds in a population can describe and quantify environmental and after-ripening effects on seed dormancy. In particular, the hydrothermal time model can describe and quantify the eff...

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Functional Consequences of Na/Ca Exchanger Overexpression in Cardiac Myocytes

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2002

Several factors are important in the relationship between Na/Ca exchanger overexpression and Ca cycling in physiological and pathophysiological situations. First, there are species differences. Transgenic mouse cardiac myocytes overexpressing Na/Ca exchanger showed a faster Ca transient associated with increased sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca content compared with wild-type myocytes. Cultured rabbit cardiac myocytes overexpressing Na/Ca exchanger showed reduced amplitude of the Ca transient and reduced SR Ca content. Second, the activity of other Ca regulatory proteins have to be considered. When Ca uptake via SR Ca ATPase (SERCA) was reduced by thapsigargin in transgenic mouse myocytes overexpressing Na/Ca exchanger, the time course of the Ca transient was ...

1785185157

Scaling to generalize a single solution of Richards' equation for soil water redistribution

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.), 2011

Using scaling methods, a single solution of Richards' equation (RE) will suffice for numerous specific cases of water flow in unsaturated soils. In this study, a new method is developed to scale RE for the soil water redistribution process. Two similarity conditions are required: similarity in the shape of the soil water content profiles as well as of the water flux density curves. An advantage of this method is that it is not restricted to a specific soil hydraulic model - hence, all such models can be applied to RE. To evaluate the proposed method, various soil textures and initial conditions were considered. After the RE was solved numerically using the HYDRUS-1D model, the solutions were scaled. The scaled soil water content profiles were nearly invarian...

1785185157

Non-equilibrium allele frequency spectra via spectral methods

Theoretical Population Biology, 2011

A major challenge in the analysis of population genomics data consists of isolating signatures of natural selection from background noise caused by random drift and gene flow. Analyses of massive amounts of data from many related populations require high-performance algorithms to determine the likelihood of different demographic scenarios that could have shaped the observed neutral single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) allele frequency spectrum. In many areas of applied mathematics, Fourier Transforms and Spectral Methods are firmly established tools to analyze spectra of signals and model their dynamics as solutions of certain Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). When spectral methods are applicable, they have excellent error properties and are the fastest...

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Multiobjective optimization of economic balances of sugarcane harvest biomass

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.), 2008

The fact that Brazil is the world's largest sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) producer, leads to a great concern about the cropping systems used, since the most common practice involves manual harvesting prior to straw burning. Brazilian authorities approved a law prohibiting the burning practice of crop residues prior to harvest. However mechanized harvest creates the new problem of how to deal with the residues. Many studies have proposed the use of these residues as an energy source. The major difficulty in its use is how to economically transport sugarcane harvested biomass from the farm to a processing center. The aim of this work was to develop a model to optimize plant variety selection, minimize the cost of the residual biomass transfer process, to evaluate...

1785185157

5-Fluorouracyl added infusion fluid in patients with recurrent rhegmatogeneous retinal detachment

Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology, 2019

To compare the efficacy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) added the infusion fluid with a control group in the event of grade C PVR in recurrent retinal detachment (RD). The records of the patients with recurrent retinal detachment with grade C PVR who underwent vitrectomy for retinal detachment surgery between April 2003 and October 2004 were reviewed retrospectively for this comparative study. The recurrent retinal detachment patients with grade C PVR who underwent vitrectomy and had a minimum post-operative follow-up period of 12 months were included. The patients were divided into two groups as study and control groups. 5-FU (200 microgram/ml) and low-molecular-weight-heparin (LMWH) (5 IU/ml) was added into the infusion solution of the study group. Primary outcom...

1785185157

Shape anisotropy revisited in single-digit nanometer magnetic tunnel junctions

Nat Commun, 2018

Nanoscale magnetic tunnel junction plays a pivotal role in magnetoresistive random access memories. Successful implementation depends on a simultaneous achievement of low switching current for the magnetization switching by spin-transfer torque and high thermal stability, along with a continuous reduction of junction size. Perpendicular-easy-axis CoFeB/MgO stacks possessing interfacial anisotropy have paved the way down to 20-nm scale, below which a new approach needs to be explored. Here we show magnetic tunnel junctions that satisfy the requirements at ultrafine scale by revisiting shape anisotropy, which is a classical part of magnetic anisotropy but has not been fully utilized in the current perpendicular systems. Magnetization switching solely driven by...

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PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF MORMOOPID BATS USING MITOCHONDRIAL GENE SEQUENCES AND MORPHOLOGY

Journal of Mammalogy, 2002

Whereas it is generally agreed that the Neotropical bat family Mormoopidae is aligned within the superfamily Noctilionoidea, interfamilial relationships within Noctilionoidea and intrafamilial relationships within Mormoopidae have been debated. DNA sequence data have been generated from a few representatives of Mormoopidae to address interfamilial relationships within Chiroptera, but no such study has focused on relationships within Mormoopidae. Our purpose was to test noctilionoid interfamilial and mormoopid intrafamilial relationships by using a combination of DNA sequence (mitochondrial 12S rRNA, tRNAVal, 16S rRNA) and morphologic data. Parsimony analysis of the DNA sequence data and the combined molecular and morphologic data strongly support: monophyly ...

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Fluctuation-Induced First-Order Transition and Tricritical Point in EuPtSi

J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 2019

The cubic chiral magnet EuPtSi undergoes a helimagnetic transition at TN = 4.0 K. We examined the magnetic field (H) evolution of this phase transition by means of high-precision magnetization (M) measurements on a high-quality single crystal. At low fields, the temperature derivative of the magnetization dM/dT exhibits a sharp symmetric peak at TN(H), reminiscent of a first-order transition. By increasing H, the shape of dM/dT drastically changes above a certain field to an asymmetric step-like function. The results provide strong evidence for a tricritical point, whose location is strongly field-orientation dependent. Field variation of M in the paramagnetic state above TN indicates that strong antiferromagnetic fluctuations exist and persist up to ∼7 K,...

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Use of biomaterials for sustained delivery of anti-VEGF to treat retinal diseases

Eye, 2020

Abstract Anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (anti-VEGF) have become the most common treatment modality for many retinal diseases. These include neovascular age-related macular degeneration (n-AMD), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and retinal vein occlusions (RVO). However, these drugs are administered via intravitreal injections that are associated with sight-threatening complications. The most feared of these complications is endophthalmitis, a severe infection of the eye with extremely poor visual outcomes. Patients with retinal diseases typically have to undergo multiple injections before achieving the desired therapeutic effect. Each injection incurs the risk of the sight-threatening complications. As such, there has been great interest in...

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Success rate of placement of a bicanalicular stent for partial nasolacrimal obstruction in adults under local, monitored anesthesia care and general anesthesia

Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology, 2017

To study The Kaneka Lacriflow Stent, a self-retaining bicanalicular intubation set that can be placed under local anesthetic, providing a new option to treat epiphora and partial NLDO. Retrospective chart review. 93 adult patients requiring treatment for a partial NLDO were evaluated. Stents were placed in office setting under local/topical anesthetic or in OR (MAC or GEN). The stent is placed with a stylet, and self-retains due to a widened portion sitting distal to the common canaliculis. It does not require recovery from the nose. Outcomes analyzed to evaluate success of stent placement. Success rate of placement of the stent in adults. Stents left in place for 3 months. Results recorded 1 month after removal. Stents successfully placed in 124 of 136 (91%...

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Relationship between the rate of longitudinal bone growth and physeal thickness in the growing fowl

Research in Veterinary Science, 1988

The thickness of the physeal cartilage (growth plate) was measured and the rate of longitudinal bone growth estimated in the femur, tibiotarsus and tarsometatarsus of different groups of domestic fowl. Birds were either a laying strain or broiler strain fed ad libitum, or a broiler strain on restricted feed. They were killed at different ages from hatching to 10 weeks and the mean thickness of the physeal cartilage and the mean estimated rate of longitudinal bone growth was calculated in the proximal bone extremities. Mean physeal thickness varied from 0.185 to 0.825 mm and longitudinal growth rates between 1.85 and 8.4 mm per week. When growth rates were plotted against physeal thickness the resulting scatter diagram suggested a positive linear relationship...

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Assessment of genetic diversity of Iranian Ascochyta rabiei isolates using rep‐PCR markers

Journal of Phytopathology, 2017

Genetic diversity and population structure among 29 isolates of Ascochyta rabiei (AR) obtained from diseased chickpea plants in six different geographical origins in Iran was characterized by MAT and rep-PCR (BOX/ERIC/REP) markers. Both mating types were found in all six populations, and the frequencies of mating types were variable between populations. The majority of the isolates belonged to Mat1-1 (58.12%) with the remainder (41.88%) being Mat1-2. A dendrogram was calculated with Jaccard's similarity coefficients with unweighted pair group method clustering (UPGMA) for the combination of rep-PCR results, AR strains were differentiated into four clusters (A–D) at 60% similarity level. ERIC, REP and BOX showed a total of 19, 37 and 24 alleles per locus, r...

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Estimation of Soil Organic Matter from Red and Near‐Infrared Remotely Sensed Data Using a Soil Line Euclidean Distance Technique

Soil Science Soc of Amer J, 2002

The soil line is a well-known linear relationship between the near-infrared and red reflectance or image intensity of bare soil images. Remotely sensed estimations of soil surface properties can lead to improved representation of spatial heterogeneity. The objectives of this research are to develop an approach based on image soil lines that incorporates image intensity in the red and near-infrared bands for mapping surface organic matter (OM) and to provide guidance for soil sampling. The soil line concept is used to develop predictive relationships between the amount of OM within the surface horizon of the soil profile and intensity in the red and near-infrared bands. The soil line Euclidean distance (SLED) technique is based on relating a pixel's Euclidean...

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Fast evaluation of study designs for spatially explicit capture–recapture

Methods Ecol Evol, 2019

Spatially explicit capture–recapture methods use data from the detection of marked animals at known points in space to estimate animal population density without bias from edge effects. Detection is by means of stationary devices such as traps, automatic cameras or DNA hair snags. Data collection is often expensive, and it is not obvious how to optimize the frequency of sampling and the spatial layout of detectors. Results from a pilot study may be extrapolated by simulation to predict the effectiveness of different configurations of multiple detectors, but simulation is slow and requires technical expertise. Another approach for evaluating novel designs is to compute intermediate variables such as the expected number of detected individuals E(n) and expec...

1785185156

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Two Medicinal Plants Cuphea aequipetala var. hispida (Cav.) Koehne and Eryngium comosum Delaroche F Against Bacteria Related to Equine Infections

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 2020

Functional biocompounds beneficial for animals and humans are in Mexican folk herbs. Cuphea and Eryngium species presented antimicrobial potential. Natural antibiotic uses by ethnoveterinary research with medicinal plants in equine infection or digestive diseases need more scientific evidence. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis are etiological agents in horses responsible for stable infections, abortions, fetal or perinatal deaths, and resistant intrahospital infections. The main objective of the present research was to evaluate the potential of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of two Mexican medicinal plants Cuphea aequipetala var. hispida (Cav.) Koehne and Eryngium comosum Delaroche F over Listeria mon...

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Cells and mediators in bronchoalveolar lavage of asthmatic patients: the example of eosinophilic inflammation

Allergy, 1993

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) greatly improved our understanding of asthma allowing to demonstrate the key role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of the disease. BAL is a safe procedure, even in severe patients when properly performed. BAL samples large and small airways and alveoli. Cells and mediators may be measured in BALF but they only represent an indirect estimation of the bronchial inflammation. Before performing BAL, the clinical status of the patients should be ascertained and drugs taken may have to be withdrawn. BALF markers should follow some requirements: (1) markers should be released by cells that are pertinent to airways inflammation (and reparation) in asthma, and, if possible they should be specific of a single cell type, (2) the enumerat...

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Kinetics of Dissolution of Phosphate Rocks in Soils

Soil Science Soc of Amer J, 1980

Abstract A modified Elovich equation in the form of C t = C 0 − (1/β)ln (αβ) − (1/β) ln t was derived to describe the kinetics of dissolution of three phosphate rocks (North Carolina, central Florida, and Tennessee) in three soils (one soil from Florida and two Nigerian soils). The equation fitted the experimental data the best among various models of kinetics. Comparisons of dissolution rates of various phosphate rocks in a given soil or a given phosphate rock in various soils can be made by comparing the values of three parameters— C 0 , α, and β—in the equation where C 0 is the maximum P concentration in the soil solution that a phosphate rock can provide in a soil ( C t is the P concentration at time t ), and α and β are constants. It was...

1785185156

Copper nanoparticles of well-controlled size and shape: a new advance in synthesis and self-organization

Nanoscale, 2015

Here, we report a new synthetic route for spherical small copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) with size ranging from 3.5 nm to 11 nm and with an unprecedented associated monodispersity (

1785185155

Computed effect of decomposition on the partition coefficient determined by the batch equilibration method

Weed Research, 1978

A simulation model was used to calculate the effect of decomposition on the soil-water partition coefficient of a herbicide determined by a batch equilibrium method. The results showed the necessity of a correction for decomposition in calculating the equilibrium partition coefficient, especially during repeated desorption steps, even if the amount decomposed was very small. Estimation de l'effet de la déecomposition sur le coefficient de partage déterminé par la méthode de équilibres dans des suspensions Un modèle de simulation a été utilisé pour calculer l'effet de la décomposition d'un herbicide sur son coefficient de partage sol-eau, en déterminant les équilibres dans des suspensions. Les résultats ont montré la nécessité d'une correction...

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Extension of the Touratier Kinematic Model to Large Strains, Displacements, and Rotations

J. Eng. Mech., 2010

A concept for the modeling of a laminated and curvilinear shell that is deformed in a geometrically nonlinear elastic manner is reported in this technical note. The shell is assumed to be sufficiently thin and all the laminate materials sufficiently stiff to facilitate a degenerated approximation. The model equations are derived to be valid for problems involving large strains and rotations and to take into account transverse shear deformations. This is accomplished by combining an unrestricted displacement form of the strain tensor with the Touratier kinematic model and then expressing the resulting equations in terms absolute nodal coordinates instead of displacement vector components. It is anticipated that the theory documented here can be used to develo...

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Effects of water velocity on photosynthesis and dark respiration in submerged stream macrophytes

Plant Cell & Environment, 1993

The effects of flow velocities on dark respiration and net photosynthesis of eight submerged stream macrophytes were examined in a laboratory oxygen chamber. The shoots/leaves were exposed to saturating free-CO2 concentrations and were attached basally so that they could move in the flowing water. Net photosynthesis declined by 34–61% as flow velocity increased from 1 to 8.6cm s−1, while dark respiration increased 2.4-fold over the same range. The increase in dark respiration could only account for between 19 and 67% of the decrease in net photosynthesis. The relationship between flow velocity (U) and net photosynthesis (P) was described by: P=b×Ua. The exponent, a, varied from -0.20 to –0.48 and showed a negative correlation to the surface: volume (S...

1785185155

Calibration strategies of stochastic volatility models for option pricing

Applied Financial Economics, 2012

This study examines how calibrated stochastic volatility models maintain their option pricing performance over subsequent days. Specifically, using a number of sets of single and multi-day data, different loss functions, and regularization techniques, we examine the dynamics of the pricing errors of two well-recognized stochastic volatility models. We find that, depending on the loss function, the use of multi-day data in calibration can slow down the increase in the pricing error for long-maturity options. On the other hand, the calibration with 1 day of data tends to give the smallest in-sample error diminishing the benefit of larger multi-day datasets. Differences between different sizes of datasets are more noticeable with the discrete-time volatility mo...

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Investigation of glucose-modified liposomes using polyethylene glycols with different chain lengths as the linkers for brain targeting

IJN, 2012

An intimidating challenge to transporting drugs into the brain parenchyma is the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Glucose is an essential nutritional substance for brain function sustenance, which cannot be synthesized by the brain. Its transport primarily depends on the glucose transporters on the brain capillary endothelial cells. In this paper, the brain-targeted properties of glucose-modified liposomes using polyethylene glycols with different chain lengths as the linkers were compared and evaluated to establish an optimized drug-delivery system.Coumarin 6-loaded liposomes (GLU200-LIP, GLU400-LIP, GLU1000-LIP, and GLU2000-LIP) composed of phospholipids and glucose-derived cholesterols were prepared by thin-film dispersion-ultrasound method. The...

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Reflectance spectroscopy: Quantitative analysis techniques for remote sensing applications

J. Geophys. Res., 1984

Several methods for the analysis of remotely sensed reflectance data are compared, including empirical methods and scattering theories, both of which are important for solving remote sensing problems. The concept of the photon mean optical path length and the implications for use in modeling reflectance spectra are presented. It is shown that the mean optical path length in a particulate surface is in rough inverse proportion to the square root of the absorption coefficient. Thus, the stronger absorber a material is, the less photons will penetrate into the surface. The concept of apparent absorbance (-In reflectance) is presented, and it is shown that absorption bands, which are Gaussian in shape when plotted as absorption coefficient (true absorbance) vers...

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Hospitalization for Firearm-Related Injuries in the United States, 1997

American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2003

Firearm-related injuries are a serious public health problem in the United States. Despite the magnitude of this problem, prior national estimates of nonfatal, firearm-related morbidity have been limited to an emergency department-based surveillance system. The objective of this study was to assess and report the information available on firearm-related injuries in an existing national database, derived from hospital discharge data.Cross-sectional analysis of the 1997 Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), a stratified probability sample of 1012 nonfederal community hospitals from 22 states. The database was queried using E codes to identify firearm-related injuries. The SUDAAN software program was used to convert raw counts into weighted counts that represent n...

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Sleep duration, insomnia, and markers of systemic inflammation: Results from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA)

Journal of Psychiatric Research, 2015

Systemic inflammation has emerged as a potential pathway linking depressive and anxiety disorders with disease risk. Short and long sleep duration, as well as insomnia, are common among psychiatric populations and have previously been related to increased inflammation. The aim of the present study was to investigate associations between sleep duration and insomnia with biomarkers of inflammation and to explore whether these associations varied by psychiatric diagnostic status. To this end, self-reported measures of sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, and markers of inflammation, including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-(IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, were obtained in 2553 adults (aged 18–65 years) diagnosed with current/recent or remitted...

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Oxytocin injected into the ventral tegmental area induces penile erection and increases extracellular dopamine in the nucleus accumbens and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus of male rats

Eur J of Neuroscience, 2007

Abstract The neuropeptide oxytocin (20–100 ng), induces penile erection when injected unilaterally into the caudal but not rostral mesencephalic ventral tegmental area (VTA) of male Sprague–Dawley rats. Such pro‐erectile effect started 30 min after treatment and was abolished by the prior injection of d(CH 2 ) 5 Tyr(Me) 2 ‐Orn 8 ‐vasotocin (1 µg), an oxytocin receptor antagonist injected into the same caudal ventral tegmental area or of haloperidol (1 µg), a dopamine receptor antagonist, injected either into the nucleus accumbens shell (NAs) or into the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) ipsilateral to the injected ventral tegmental area. Penile erection was seen 15 min after the occurrence of, or concomitantly to, an increase in e...

1785185154

Kerr Frequency Comb Interaction with Raman, Brillouin, and Second Order Nonlinear Effects

Laser & Photonics Reviews, 2021

AbstractKerr optical frequency comb as a novel microcomb source has found a variety of key applications from fundamental research to engineering applications. Generation of such microcombs require resonator platforms with small mode volumes and high quality factors, where the interaction of light and matter is resonantly enhanced. In these platforms, other nonlinear photonic effects can be simultaneously excited and interact with Kerr frequency combs. In this review, the focus is on recent progresses on the microcomb development involving its interaction with Raman, Brillouin scattering, and second‐order nonlinear processes such as second harmonic generation (SHG). The resulting transfer of Kerr frequency combs into other s...

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Structure−Property Relationships for Two-Photon Absorbing Chromophores: Bis-Donor Diphenylpolyene and Bis(styryl)benzene Derivatives

J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2000

The two-photon absorption properties of a series of bis dialkylamino- or diarylamino-substituted diphenylpolyenes and bis(styryl)benzenes have been investigated. Two-photon absorption cross sections, δ, as large as 1420 × 10-50 cm4 s/photon-molecule have been observed for molecules with this general bis-donor structure. The effect of the type and length of the conjugated chain and of dialkylamino or diarylamino substitution on the position and magnitude of the peak two-photon absorptivity is reported. The transition dipole moments for the transitions between the ground state and the first excited singlet state (Mge) and between the first and second excited singlet states (Mee‘) have been estimated using experimental data from the one- and two-photon spec...

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Electronic structure and magnetic properties of Pr–Co intermetallics:ab initioFP-LAPW calculations and correlation with experiments

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 2018

First-principle calculations combining density functional theory and the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method are performed to investigate the electronic and magnetic structure of Pr2Co7 in its two polymorphic forms, (2:7 H) and (2:7 R), for the first time. This type of calculation was also performed for PrCo5 and PrCo2 intermetallics. We have computed the valence density of states separately for spin-up and spin-down states in order to investigate the electronic band structure. This is governed by the strong contribution of the partial DOS of 3d-Co bands compared to the partial DOS of the 4f-Pr bands. Such a high ferromagnetic state is discussed in terms of the strong spin polarization observed in the total DOS. The magnetic momen...

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GM-1 ganglioside administration combined with physical therapy restores ambulation in humans with chronic spinal cord injury

Neuroscience Letters, 1993

In a randomized double-blind cross-over study, humans with chronic spinal cord injury received ganglioside GM-1 or placebo for 2 months. GM-1, administered intravenously at a dose of 100 mg, 6 days a week, resulted in a statistically significant improvement of motor scores (P < 0.05), whether administered before or after 2 months of placebo. There was no placebo effect on motor scores. Subjects who received GM-1 before placebo maintained their improvement during the placebo phase. Subjects who received GM-1 ambulated with a reciprocal gait, using orthotics, for longer distances and at a faster rate whether the drug was administered before or after placebo. These results constitute the first finding that any chemical substance improves locomotion in human chr...

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The structure of a β2-microglobulin fibril suggests a molecular basis for its amyloid polymorphism

Nat Commun, 2018

All amyloid fibrils contain a cross-β fold. How this structure differs in fibrils formed from proteins associated with different diseases remains unclear. Here, we combine cryo-EM and MAS-NMR to determine the structure of an amyloid fibril formed in vitro from β2-microglobulin (β2m), the culprit protein of dialysis-related amyloidosis. The fibril is composed of two identical protofilaments assembled from subunits that do not share β2m's native tertiary fold, but are formed from similar β-strands. The fibrils share motifs with other amyloid fibrils, but also contain unique features including π-stacking interactions perpendicular to the fibril axis and an intramolecular disulfide that stabilises the subunit fold. We also describe a structural model for a...

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Evening prolonged relatively low melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance light exposure increases arousal before and during sleep without altering sleep structure

Journal of Sleep Research, 2023

SummaryLight can influence many psychophysiological functions beyond vision, including alertness, circadian rhythm, and sleep, namely the non‐image forming (NIF) effects of light. Melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (mel‐EDI) is currently recommended as the predictor of the NIF effects of light. Although light dose is also critical for entraining and regulating circadian cycle, it is still unknown whether relatively low mel‐EDI light exposure for prolonged duration in the evening would affect pre‐sleep arousal and subsequent sleep. In all, 18 healthy college students (10 females, mean [standard deviation] age 21.67 [2.03] years) underwent 2 experimental nights with a 1 week interval in a simulated bedroom ...

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Perioperative red blood cell transfusion requirement for various surgical procedures in dogs: 207 cases (2004–2013)

javma, 2015

To compare perioperative RBC transfusion among dogs undergoing liver lobectomy, splenectomy, partial gastrectomy, rhinotomy, thyroidectomy, perineal herniorrhaphy, and intrathoracic surgery.Retrospective case series.207 client-owned dogs that underwent various surgeries.Medical records were reviewed for dogs that had undergone liver lobectomy, splenectomy, partial gastrectomy, rhinotomy, neoplastic thyroidectomy, perineal herniorrhaphy, or intrathoracic surgery. Transfusion requirement (packed RBC, whole blood, and bovine hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier) and survival rate at 2 weeks after surgery were compared among dogs undergoing the various surgeries.Patients undergoing splenectomy and liver lobectomy were significantly more likely to receive RBC transfus...

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Leaf primary production in Posidonia oceanica: two reconstructive aging techniques give similar results

Aquatic Botany, 2000

Abstract Leaf formation rate (number of leaves per shoot per year) and leaf primary production (g DW per shoot per year) of Posidonia oceanica were estimated in three sites in the north-western Mediterranean using two aging techniques, namely lepidochronology and the internodal length. The techniques are based on the seasonal variation of the sheath thickness and length of internodes, respectively, and permit the study of leaf dynamic features of P. oceanica not only for the period under investigation, but also for a number of preceding years. The internodal length method permitted the reconstruction of leaf dynamics for a higher number of past years. Lepidochronology provided more accurate estimates, but displayed some technical constraints when old sheaths...

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Subclinical hyperfunctioning pituitary adenomas: The silent tumors

Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2012

Pituitary adenomas are classified by function as defined by clinical symptoms and signs of hormone hypersecretion with subsequent confirmation on immunohistochemical staining. However, positive immunostaining for pituitary cell types has been shown for clinically nonfunctioning adenomas, and this entity is classified as silent functioning adenoma. Most common in these subtypes include silent gonadotroph adenomas, silent corticotroph adenomas and silent somatotroph adenomas. Less commonly, silent prolactinomas and thyrotrophinomas are encountered. Appropriate classification of these adenomas may affect follow-up care after surgical resection. Some silent adenomas such as silent corticotroph adenomas follow a more aggressive course, necessitating closer survei...

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Hematologic and serum biochemical changes associated with Devil Facial Tumor Disease in Tasmanian Devils

Veterinary Clinical Pathol, 2016

Devil Facial Tumor Disease (DFTD) is an infectious tumor causing significant population declines in wild Tasmanian Devils. While clinical assessment and pathology have been well reported for DFTD, there is a lack of information on hematologic and biochemical alterations associated with DFTD.The purpose of the study was to determine hematologic and serum biochemical variation in healthy, wounded, and DFTD-affected Tasmanian Devils.Blood samples were collected from wild Tasmanian Devils at 5 sites in Tasmania. Hematology and clinical biochemistry variables were compared between clinically healthy, wounded, and DFTD-affected devils. Differences were also analyzed among stages of DFTD, including individuals pre- and postclinical signs developing, and between ulc...

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A Novel Intrusion Detection Model for a Massive Network Using Convolutional Neural Networks

IEEE Access, 2018

More and more network traffic data have brought great challenge to traditional intrusion detection system. The detection performance is tightly related to selected features and classifiers, but traditional feature selection algorithms and classification algorithms can't perform well in massive data environment. Also the raw traffic data are imbalanced, which has a serious impact on the classification results. In this paper, we propose a novel network intrusion detection model utilizing convolutional neural networks (CNNs). We use CNN to select traffic features from raw data set automatically, and we set the cost function weight coefficient of each class based on its numbers to solve the imbalanced data set problem. The model not only reduces the false alarm ...

1785185153

Glucocorticoids Specifically Enhance L-Type Calcium Current Amplitude and Affect Calcium Channel Subunit Expression in the Mouse Hippocampus

Journal of Neurophysiology, 2007

Previous studies have shown that corticosterone enhances whole cell calcium currents in CA1 pyramidal neurons, through a pathway involving binding of glucocorticoid receptor homodimers to the DNA. We examined whether glucocorticoids show selectivity for L- over N-type of calcium currents. Moreover, we addressed the putative gene targets that eventually lead to the enhanced calcium currents. Electrophysiological recordings were performed in nucleated patches that allow excellent voltage control. Calcium currents in these patches almost exclusively involve N- and L-type channels. We found that L- but not N-type calcium currents were largely enhanced after treatment with a high dose of corticosterone sufficient to activate glucocorticoid receptors. Voltage depe...

1785185153

Exploring health professionals' perspectives on factors affecting Iranian hospital efficiency and suggestions for improvement

Health Planning & Management, 2011

While numerous studies have been undertaken in many developed countries and in a few developing countries, there has so far been no systematic attempt to identify factors affecting efficiency in the Iranian hospitals. This study was designed to elicit the perspectives of a group of health professionals and managers so as to analyse factors affecting the efficiency of hospitals owned by the Iranian Social Security Organization (SSO), which is the second largest institutional source of hospital care in that country. This study also aimed to identify actions that would improve efficiency. Using purposive sampling (to identify key informants), interviews with seventeen health professionals and hospital managers involved in the SSO health system were conducted. T...

1785185153

Characterization pH, stability of emulsion, and viscosity canola oil (Brassicca napus L.) emulsion (O/W)

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci., 2020

The aimed of this research was to determine the best oil in water emulsion as the main ingredient in the gel matrix. The experimental design of this study used a factorial completely randomized design with two factors. The factors were factor canola oil concentration using 30%(CO1), 40%(CO2), and factor xhantan gum concentration using 0.3%(XG1), 0.5%(XG2). The best emulsion formulation was selected based on functional properties such as pH, emulsion stability and viscosity. The result of research showed that the using of 40%(CO2) canola oil concentration and 0.5%(XG2) xhantan gum had the best oil in water (O/W) emulsion. This was indicated by the results of pH 6,5, the highest emulsion measurements (99.4%) and viscosity (22226 cP). canola oil concentration a...

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Neuronal correlates of perceptual stability during eye movements

Eur J of Neuroscience, 2008

We are usually unaware of retinal image motion resulting from our own movement. For instance, during slow-tracking eye movements the world around us remains perceptually stable despite the retinal image slip induced by the eye movement. It is commonly held that this example of perceptual invariance is achieved by subtracting an internal reference signal, reflecting the eye movement, from the retinal motion signal. If the two cancel each other, visual objects, which do not move, will also be perceived as non-moving. If, however, the reference signal is too small or too large, a false eye movement-induced motion of the external world, the Filehne illusion, will be perceived. We have exploited our ability to manipulate the size of the reference signal in an att...

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Autonomous agents and human cultures in the trust–revenge game

Auton Agent Multi-Agent Syst, 2015

Autonomous agents developed by experts are embedded with the capability to interact well with people from different cultures. When designing expert agents intended to interact with autonomous agents developed by non-game theory agents (NGTE), it is beneficial to obtain insights on the behavior of these NGTE agents. Is the behavior of these NGTE agents similar to human behavior from different cultures? This is an important question as such a quality would allow an expert agent interacting with NGTE agents to model them using the same methods that are used to model humans from different cultures. To study this point, we evaluated NGTE agents behavior using a game called the Trust–Revenge game, which is known in social science for capturing different human te...

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