Right, I should have added that I wanted to drop into Postscript points (for specifying the schematic label's location) despite using size(100) to have the overall scaling calculated automatically by asymptote. It seems that this combination is not possible.
The default unit in Asymptote is the "big point" which is what you want, so can use that to offset the subpath. However, using size(100); rescales the picture defeating the use of absolute coordinates. You could fix the units instead with unitsize(100) but that presumably defeats your desire to fix the size of the resulting figure. See https://asymptote.sourceforge.io/doc/Frames-and-pictures.html#size for further details.
Is there an asymptote-idiomatic way to do the following? size(100); draw(unitsquare); draw("1 cm", shift(0.1S)*subpath(unitsquare,0,1), Arrows, Bars); The intent is to label the length of the bottom side of the square, using an offset path having arrows and bars (like on a schematic diagram). In the above code, the offset is tuned by hand in user coordinates (to be 0.1 user units). Thus, can one specify the offset in postscript coordinates? I have long wondered about this question and haven't found...
I have the same problem. I think it happends during the rasterization. If I use SVG of PDF as the output format, there's no such problem.
The following code draws a path array twice with/without a pen array. When a pen array is used, asymptote performs smooth shading between the paths. In contrast, only path edges are drawn without providing an pen array. The two plots should overlap with eachother precisely since the same paths are used. However, they don't, as shown in the attached picture (ellipseshade1.png). settings.outformat="png"; settings.render=10; size(5cm); import graph; pen[] pens = new pen[] {white, red}; int lastpath...
I tried to plot a cirlce with radial shading, in which the center is filled with transparent red color with opacity=0.5 and the outer area is filled with black with opacity=1. The code is as follows: settings.outformat="pdf"; size(5cm); // define a circle path cir = circle((0,0), 2); // radial shade radialshade(cir, stroke=false, pena=red+opacity(0.5), a=(0,0), ra=0, extenda=true, penb=black+opacity(1), b=(0,0), rb=2, extendb=true ); shipout(bbox(1mm)); However, in the output pdf, the entire cirlce...
I have attached code for a function to generate a legend in a 3D environment (Legend_3D.asy). Included is an example (shape.asy) in which three implicit surfaces are plotted and a legend draw indicating which surface is given by which equation. The html output of shape.asy is also attached. The orientation of the label is given by the struct named Label_Wall which defines the transform3 for the surface the label is drawn upon and vectors normal to the surface, aligned with the text, and on the surface...
I have attached code for a function to generate a legend in a 3D environment (Legend_3D.asy). Included is an example (shape.asy) in which three implicit surfaces are plotted and a legend draw indicating which surface is given by which equation. The html output of shape.asy is also attached. The orientation of the label is given by the struct named Label_Wall which defines the transform3 for the surface the label is drawn upon and vectors normal to the surface, aligned with the text, and on the surface...
I have attached code for a function to generate a legend in a 3D environment (Legend_3D.asy). Included is an example (shape.asy) in which three implicit surfaces are plotted and a legend draw indicating which surface is given by which equation. The html output of shape.asy is also attached. The orientation of the label is given by the struct named Label_Wall which defines the transform3 for the surface the label is drawn upon and vectors normal to the surface, aligned with the text, and on the surface...
I have attached my latest code for a 3d legend. I need to work on positioning it more simply. It is easy to position with respect to the legend markers but not with respect to the legend as a whole. I would like to specify the center of the entire legend as the place to position it (not the markers). On 9/30/25 2:26 PM, Michael Doob wrote: You might want to report this situation as a bug. If you absolutely need (right now) a solution using asymptote alone, you can use two labels but will need to...
You might want to report this situation as a bug. If you absolutely need (right now) a solution using asymptote alone, you can use two labels but will need to hack some of the markup yourself. This sample emulates what I believe is something close to your desired result: import graph3; currentprojection=orthographic(1,1,1); axes3(xlabel="$x$",ylabel="$y$",zlabel="$z$", p=linewidth(0.01)+red,min=(-2,-2,-2), max=(2,2,2),arrow=Arrow3(size=2)); triple offset=(-1,1,0); label("$x^2+y^2=0$",0.5Z,Embedded);...
I have another computer, where I have freshly installed Windows 11 and TeXLive 2025, without extras (e.g. seperate Asymptote or GS). The problem still exists in the clean and bare minimum installation.
I have another computer, where I have freshly installed Windows and TeXLive 2025, without extras (e.g. seperate Asymptote or GS). The problems still exists in the clean and bare minimum installation.
Thank you. It appears that "\color{red}ABC" does not work in 3D. I am working on an alternate approach that does not need that LaTeX command. On 9/29/25 8:07 PM, Michael Doob wrote: Perhaps the following smaller example can help to localize the problem: |//importthree; defaultpen(fontsize(20pt)); texpreamble("\usepackage{xcolor}"); pair zerovector=(0,0); triple zerovector=(0,0,0); label("\color{red}{ABC}",zerovector); | The ouput has the expected colour until the first line is uncommented , at which...
Perhaps the following smaller example can help to localize the problem: //import three; defaultpen(fontsize(20pt)); texpreamble("\usepackage{xcolor}"); pair zerovector=(0,0); triple zerovector=(0,0,0); label("\color{red}{ABC}",zerovector); The ouput has the expected colour until the first line is uncommented , at which time the colour is lost.
I am writing a simple function to draw a 3D legend (sample code attached). To generate the legend I am using a label with a LaTeX array. I want some of the characters in the array to be different colors but for example "\textcolor{red}{\bigodot}" is not working for me (I just get a black "\bigodot'). Note that my output is html so I can rotate, zoom, and pan the plot. Any help would be appreciated.
Below is the output of asy testasy.asy -vvv: D:/texlive/2025/texmf-dist Using configuration directory C:\Users\baris\.asy Using history C:\Users\baris\.asy/history Welcome to Asymptote version 3.04 cd D:\latextest\asymptote Processing testasy Loading plain from D:/texlive/2025/texmf-dist\asymptote/plain.asy Including plain_constants from D:/texlive/2025/texmf-dist\asymptote/plain_constants.asy Loading version from D:/texlive/2025/texmf-dist\asymptote/version.asy Including plain_strings from D:/texlive/2025/texmf-dist\asymptote/plain_strings.asy...
I have several asymptote files that were working just fine. Now I am having difficulty to make them work. I am not sure if this is related to a newer version of Asymptote or to a setting I have changed in my computer or to a program I have installed that conflicts with Asymptote. Here is is MWE settings.outformat="pdf"; settings.prc=false; settings.render=0; import graph3; size(4cm,0); path3 myarc = rotate(18,Z) * Arc(c=O, normal=X, v1=-Z, v2=Z, n=10); surface backHemisphere = surface(myarc, angle1=0,...
Below is the output of asy test.asy -vvv: D:/texlive/2025/texmf-dist Using configuration directory C:\Users\baris\.asy Using history C:\Users\baris\.asy/history Welcome to Asymptote version 3.04 cd D:\latextest\asymptote Processing testasy Loading plain from D:/texlive/2025/texmf-dist\asymptote/plain.asy Including plain_constants from D:/texlive/2025/texmf-dist\asymptote/plain_constants.asy Loading version from D:/texlive/2025/texmf-dist\asymptote/version.asy Including plain_strings from D:/texlive/2025/texmf-dist\asymptote/plain_strings.asy...
I have several asymptote files that were working just fine. Now I am having difficulty to make them work. I am not sure if this is related to a newer version of Asymptote or to a setting I have changed in my computer or to a program I have installed that conflicts with Asymptote. Here is is MWE settings.outformat="pdf"; settings.prc=false; settings.render=0; import graph3; size(4cm,0); path3 myarc = rotate(18,Z) * Arc(c=O, normal=X, v1=-Z, v2=Z, n=10); surface backHemisphere = surface(myarc, angle1=0,...
It sounds like you want to control the size with something like size(5cm); draw((0,0)--(1,0)--(1,1)--(0,1)--cycle); You can use two parameters to control the height and width independently. You might want to look at https://asymptote.sourceforge.io/doc/Figure-size.html
Hi, i have problems to define a fixed size of a picture in asymptote. At the End i want to make some animations which showing changign histrograms over time. If i use stats package, the size of the histogramm is changing. In addition i do not understand the difference between frames and picture in Asymptote. Do somebody have a good entrypoint for this topics for me? Kind Regards, TinTin
If you really want to imitate the \mapsto character rather than what was in your sample, the bar should be shortened so that it is the width of the arrow. void mapsto(pair p1, pair p2){ draw(p1--p2,BeginBar(4),Arrow); }; would seem to fill the bill.
Thank you both. I did want a mapsto, exactly. I have a domain axis and a parallel codomain axis and I am mapping the one to the other. Having the start bars all the same distance from their originating points seemed natural. I can make a command that draws a circle at both ends and find intersections, with the line between the endpoints, and then puts in the arrow and the bar, but I thought that was the expected behavior of draw(..). John, I'll say that the behavior was a bit of a surprise, at least...
So the added bars are meant for schematic diagrams rather than as a possible flourish on an arrow. Fair enough. If the desire is to have the equivalent of the \mapsto character in LaTeX, then I suppose it needs its own definition. Perhaps something like void mapsto(pair p1, pair p2){ draw(p1--p2,BeginBar,Arrow); };
It was a design decision, in the interest of accuracy, that dimension bars not be affected by margin values. I 've attached how I would draw this example, with an added size specification as well. We can discuss this further though. Perhaps you are using dimension bars for a purpose other than indicating accurate dimensions.
Hello, In fact, you don't need \text in your example and \mathrm would do. However, I use \text very often, for example in a label such as F_\text{máx} where \mathrm would not work. In order to use \text, I add package amslatex as this: texpreamble("\usepackage{amsmath}"); label("$\frac{100 \text{ft}}{\text{sec}}$",(0,0)); Regards, Jaime On 13/09/25 18:57, steve schooler wrote: Michael Doob I looked briefly at the siunitx package. It seems like overkill, since your other suggestion solves the problem....
Michael Doob I looked briefly at the siunitx package. It seems like overkill, since your other suggestion solves the problem. It turns out that in math mode, inside an asymptote label, \text{} causes an asymptote compile error, while \textrm{} does not. Who knew? Anyway, you have solved my problem, thanks.
The siunitxpackage on CTAN addresses your problem. Take a look as it is the best solution. Otherwise, something like label("$100 \frac{\textrm{\small ft}}{\textrm{\small sec}}$",(0,0)); seems to be what you want.
correction : first part should be $\frac{100 \text{ft}}{\text{sec}}$
I want to create a label, that in latex would be written as $\frac{100 \text{ft}}{\sec}$ The following code works okay, except that the "ft" and "sec" strings are written in math font, rather than text font: label("$\frac{100 ft}{sec}$",(0,0)); When trying the following code instead, I get an error message. label("$\frac{100 \text{ft}}{\text{sec}}$",(0,0)); When trying the following code instead, I get "textft" and "textsec" strings showing:. label("$\frac{100 \\text{ft}}{\\text{sec}}$",(0,0));
Thanks Michael. I'm not a C++ person and I find that I have trouble making much of the code, but you look right to me. I appreciate your help. I put in an issue on GitHub.
Thanks Michael. I'm not a C++ person and I find that I have trouble making much of the code, but you look right to me. I appreciate your help.
Here the definition of BeginBar from plain_arrows.asy: arrowbar BeginBar(real size=0) { return new bool(picture pic, path g, pen p, margin margin) { real size=size == 0 ? barsize(p) : size; bar(pic,point(g,0),size*dir(g,0)*I,p); return true; }; } It would appear that the parametermargin is not used, so that the bar appears at point(g,0), the beginning of the path, and not the beginning of the printed arrow. I am sure those who have a deeper knowledge of the code than I could give better details.
Yes. I'm expecting the bar to be connected to the line there. The same behavior happens if you use Margin or TrueMargin (I could not get Margins to work), which made me wonder if I just misunderstood something obvious about bars (it does not seem to have to do with shortening the path).
Oh , I think I misread your problem. Is this the MWE of the detached bar problem that you want to sove? draw((0,0)--(48,0), Arrow, bar=BeginBar, Margin(1));
No, if I change the lines in the middle to say this. // Leaves a gap with the bar draw(diag, arrow=EndArrow(NoFill), bar=BeginBar, Margin(0.6pt)); then the figure is unchanged.
Does specifying a dimension like using Margin(2pt)Help?
In the code below there are two diagonal lines, each with a bar at the start and an arrow at the end. However, when I use the margin commands the bar is separated from the lines, whereas the arrow is not. I expected the bar to be at the end of the line. Bug? Or I expected wrong? // test.asy // Bar is separated from the line stem but arrow is not? settings.outformat="pdf"; dotfactor = 2; dot((0,0), red); dot((10,10), red); path diag = subpath((0,0)--(10,10),0.1,0.9); // works fine // draw(diag, arrow=EndArrow(NoFill),...
It's only text output, so it might go the the text output window à la error messages.
Exactly. And if you download the html file produced by the ualberta server and open it in a browswer, the camera popup will show there as well. We plan to add a camera button to the server to display this same information.
In both Firefox and Google Chrome, when the html file is opened, pressing the c key opens a new window containing the camera parameters.
On 01/09/25 08:55, Shiv Shankar Dayal wrote: tikz has a comprehensive showcase at texample.net. Even overleaf has lots of examples. Is there any such showcase website for asymptote other than gallery of asymptote? Hello, Here are 3 galleries that I know: https://blog.piprime.fr/asymptote/ https://asy.marris.fr/asymptote/ https://github.com/pivaldi/asymptote-exemples Cheers, Jaime
tikz has a comprehensive showcase at texample.net. Even overleaf has lots of examples. Is there any such showcase website for asymptote other than gallery of asymptote?
The same key bindings as usual are supposed to be available on the ualberta server. For example, the keys 'm', 'x', 'y', 'z' work. The reason that the 'c' key doesn't appear to do anything is that popups are not getting displayed. We'll see if we can do anything about this; perhaps there is an alternative way of presenting the camera information... The offline setting has nothing to do with this issue.
You mean: asy -f html -offline -V teapot.asy On 31/08/25 08:19, cvgmt wrote: asy -html -offline -V teapot.asy
The default setting -offline is false. we could use asy -html -offline -V teapot.asy
The default setting -offline is true. we could use asy -html -offline -V teapot.asy
A 3d image created and displayed using asy -f html -V has the key bindings described in the three.asy module. It appears that these binding are unavailable when using the University of Alberta server http://asymptote.ualberta.ca/ . It would be helpful, for example, to display the current camera parameters after mouse manipulations. Have I missed something? If not, could this facility be added?
Hello, In brief: I get this error message when I use settings.tex="lualatex"; but not when I use pdflatex. $ asy input_output Importing teach/calc_i/asy/texpreamble.asy Importing teach/calc_i/asy/jh.asy This is LuaHBTeX, Version 1.22.0 (TeX Live 2025) restricted system commands enabled. LaTeX2e <2025-06-01> patch level 1 L3 programming layer <2025-08-13> lualatex: Not writing to .log (openout_any = p; no extended check). ! I can't write on file `.log'. Please type another transcript file name: !...
It looks quite interesting! In principle, the Asymptote developers have wanted for years to have some sort of official solution for third-party modules and their documentation. Unfortunately, the idea hasn't gone anywhere (yet). Probably posting your module and its documentation on Github (as you have already done) and spreading the word is the best option for now. You could also try submitting an article to the TUGboat (publication of the TeX User's Group). And of course, if you think your work...
Two years ago I opened an issue on Asymptote's GitHub about a library called smoothmanifold that I had been writing: https://github.com/vectorgraphics/asymptote/issues/387 library page: https://github.com/thornoar/smoothmanifold Since my initial post, the library has evolved into a comprehensive tool for drawing diagrams in higher mathematics, and I have recently finished the full and complete documentation for it, available at https://github.com/thornoar/smoothmanifold/blob/master/documentation/main.pdf...
GLB and GLTF are not vector graphics formats.
this is "amazing" for me... p.s why not GLB or GLTF?
thank You, for the rapid response. but: i make it with your code: PRC (U3D... older) is obsolete format but the only digestable by acrobat
Asymptote can only write PRC files. To develop code for reading PRC files, one would need to reverse all of the I/O operations in prc/writePRC.cc. The Adobe Acrobat reader can read PRC files but it does not use an adaptive mesh (no vector graphics!) and does not support 3D transparency. As you may be aware, PRC is an obsolete format. The v3D format has been developed as a replacement for the geometry subset of PRC that supports additional features such as vertex-dependent colors and bezier triangles....
Merge existing PRC?
I am trying to debug the routine used by PreTeXt for batch processing of Asymptote figures. It works fine on Linux, but I get blank (or rather, black) images on Windows. Producing HTML is also fine. I only get an issue when trying to produce PDF from 3D figures. It looks like the command that runs is asy -f pdf -noV -noprc -iconify -tex xelatex -batchMask file.asy If I remove the -iconify option, I get the expected image in PDF format. With it there, I don't get an image. I haven't tested to see...
The following link maybe of interest to you - https://conformalgeometricalgebra.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page It is an efficient way of doing geometric calculations and basically requires the implementation of a Clifford algebra (5D for 3D geometry). The people at Cambridge University who came up with this have prospered from it. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geomerics
Asymptote: 3.05 Released
A bug in handling Xasy-generated transforms was fixed. The asymptote.ualberta.ca server was updated to use the https protocal. Double precision integer XDR reads and writes were fixed under UNIX; XDR and binary string reads and writes were implemented. These overloaded virtual file fields were exposed again: singlereal, singleint, signedint, line, word, csv, and dimension. To support MacOS X, the explicit 'gif:' format was removed from the animate call; warning messages were addressed. Reading V3D...
As suggested, I have put these lines into .vimrc and add the following to their ~/.vimrc file: augroup filetypedetect au BufNewFile,BufRead *.asy setf asy augroup END filetype plugin on And did the following: cp /usr/local/share/asymptote/asy.vim ~/.vim/syntax/asy.vim The basic asymptote keywords are highlighted but none of the module specific keywords especially those in plain.asy What else do I need to do? Thanks in advance. Jon
A bit of looking online suggests that the recommendation for accessibility with iframe is to use a title, but it seems like one can also do <iframe (attributes)>Alt text</iframe>
Does anypne know if there is a way to include 3D Asymptote WebGL on a page, with alt text that is accessible for screen readers? The WebGL files indicate that they should be included using an iframe, but I don't think iframe takes an alt attribute.
Thanks, John. Sorry for the slow reply -- I forgot that this forum doesn't automatically subscribe you to your own posts! I will check with Greg Hartman: would he rather have the interactive WebGL, and an opaque tangent plane, or a PNG, with working transparency.
Hello, I have this code that should plot a solution on a scalar field defined on a surface. I notice that when I run it on MacOS everithing is ok, but when I try it in python. The output is cut like immediately. Here the code I wrote. Is it a rendering problem ? If instead of the customised color I put red, everithing works and it plots the whoel red figure. Do you have any idea on how to solve it ? Thank you ! settings.render = 3; settings.outformat = "png"; // "pdf", "png", "svg", "eps" import...
Hello, I have this code that should plot a solution on a scalar field defined on a surface. I notice that when I run it on MacOS everithing is ok, but when I try it in python. The output is cut like immediately. Here the code I wrote. Is it a rendering problem ? If instead of the customised color I put red, everithing works and it plots the whoel red figure. Do you have any idea on how to solve it ? Thank you ! settings.render = 3; settings.outformat = "png"; // "pdf", "png", "svg", "eps" import...
Hello, I have this code that should plot a solution on a scalar field defined on a surface. I notice that when I run it on MacOS everithing is ok, but when I try it in python. The output is cut like immediately. Here the code I wrote. Is it a rendering problem ? If instead of the customised color I put red, everithing works and it plots the whoel red figure. Do you have any idea on how to solve it ? settings.render = 3; settings.outformat = "png"; // "pdf", "png", "svg", "eps" import three; // ===...
The reason that a directory called asymptote was created is that you specified --prefix=$HOME/asymptote as an option to configure. Note that that configure command alone isn't sufficient; you would still need to run make install.
I installed Asymptote in my home without privileges, and two directories were created : one with the name asymptote and the other with the name asymptote-3.04. I just installed it with the command ./configure --prefix=$HOME/asymptote --disable-lsp, and it seems to work.
It looks like an issue with your TeX distribution. Try installing TeXLive 2025 from https://www.tug.org/texlive/ To isolate such issues on your system you can do the following: asy polygons -tex latex -k -vv latex polygons_ dvips polygons_ OR asy polygons -tex pdflatex -k -vv pdflatex polygons_
That's not actually a bug; it's just a limitation of WebGL, which can't properly handle transparency. Once we migrate the AsyGL library to WebGPU you will have full access to your graphics card SSBOs and compute shaders, supported pixel perfect transparency on the web, just like currently available on desktops (and laptops). But WebGPU is still experimental and not yet widely supported. If you download a png (or PDF, etc.) from the server or run it with the desktop version of Asymptote, it will look...
That's not actually a bug; it's just a limitation of WebGL, which can't properly handle transparency. Once we migrate the AsyGL library to WebGPU you will have full access to your graphics card SSBOs and compute shaders, supported pixel perfect transparency on the web, just like currently available on desktops (and laptops). But WebGPU is still experimental and not yet widely supported. If you download a png (or PDF, etc.) from the server or run it with the desktop version of Asymptote, it will look...
I see the asymptote directory in your prompt (asymptote-3.04) so I am not sure what you mean about the directory not being created. It looks like there is an issue with the boost headers on your system (maybe they are old?) The boost library is only needed if you want the optional LSP feature, so you can work around this by disabling LSP: ./configure --disable-lsp make
Maybe you downloaded a binary release rather than a source release? I just verified that the following works (as documented in INSTALL). wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/asymptote/files/3.04/asymptote-3.04.src.tgz tar -vzxf asymptote-3.04.src.tgz cd asymptote-3.04 ./configure make all make install
Maybe it's my system, but the asymptote directory is not created and I have the following error messages : [fabrice@drogon asymptote-3.04]$ make all Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/fabrice/asymptote-3.04/GUI/buildtool.py", line 9, in <module> from PyQt5.uic import compileUiDir ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'PyQt5' make: [Makefile:154: GUI/xasyversion] Error 1 (ignorée) cmake -BLspCpp -SLspCpp -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS=\ "-fPIE " \ -DLSPCPP_USE_CPP17=ON -DLSPCPP_SUPPORT_BOEHM_GC=ON -DLSPCPP_GC_DOWNLOADED_ROOT=../gc...
This is an older issue that I think we've been aware of for about 5 years, but I noticed that it is still present. Starting a new post because I can't find an old one. (Maybe it was in email and not on here.) There are a number of figures where I want to illustrate things like the tangent plane to a surface. Both the surface and the tangent plane should have some opacity to allow us to see what is happening, but when I do this, there is some bleed-though from the surface to the tangent plane. I recall...
I downloaded the latest version and opened the TeXShopAndAsymptote.pdf included file from Vishaal Rajani & Cole Zmurchok. The instructions say, that after a tar extraction I should have a directory asymptote-x.xx with a configuration file ./configure and a make file ** make all sudo make install** Neither the directory or the configure or make file exists. Any suggestions?
I add the release of ghostcript I have is 10.05.1, because I suspect that could matter... Maurizio Il giovedì 29 maggio 2025 alle ore 09:19:12 CEST, mauvia mauvia@users.sourceforge.net ha scritto: I am on Imac (MacOS Sequoia 15.5) with Asymptote 3.04 (so much later than your version, maybe you should update your version of Asympyote). I do not have any issue with your code. My TeX installation is from MiKTeX, always up to date. Just my contribution. Maurizio Code was working then it stopped Sent...
I am on Imac (MacOS Sequoia 15.5) with Asymptote 3.04 (so much later than your version, maybe you should update your version of Asympyote). I do not have any issue with your code. My TeX installation is from MiKTeX, always up to date. Just my contribution. Maurizio
The attached code was working on a MacBook air with the command line: asy polygons.asy using asy version 2.92. Then, without changes it starting producing the output below without a pdf file. I want to emphasize this was the exact same file, code that worked earlier. Ideas? <*> \let \paperwidthsave\paperwidth\let\paperwidth\undefined ! Undefined control sequence. \filename@simple ...t \relax \edef \filename@base {#1}\else \filename@dots {...
Asymptote: 3.04 Released
To support transparent backgrounds, the png16malpha driver of Ghostscript 10 is now used as the default pngdriver; use settings.pngdriver="png16m" or settings.pngdriver="pngalpha" for older versions of Ghostscript. The projection-dependence of WebGL shaders was removed for correct rendering of multiple embedded images. A new setting keys outputs WebGL comments to identify each generated object. Unlink issues under MSWindows and compilation issues were addressed.