İçeriğe atla

Natrix natrix

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Natrix natrix
Yaşadığı dönem aralığı: 4,9-0,01 myö
Pliyosen-Nortgripiyen 
Korunma durumu

Asgari endişe altında (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Biyolojik sınıflandırma Bu sınıflandırmayı düzenle
Âlem: Animalia
Şube: Chordata
Sınıf: Squamata
Familya: Colubridae
Cins: Natrix
Tür: N. natrix
İkili adlandırma
Natrix natrix
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Sinonimler
  • Coluber minutus Pallas, 1814
  • Coluber natrix Linnaeus, 1758
  • Coluber natrix var. dalmatina Schinz, 1833
  • Coluber persa Pallas, 1814
  • Coluber scutatus Pallas, 1771
  • Coluber sparsus Schreiber, 1875
  • Coluber torquatus Lacépède, 1789
  • Natrix megalocephala Orlov & Tuniyev, 1987
  • Natrix natrix subsp. fusca Cattaneo, 1990
  • Natrix natrix subsp. gotlandica Nilson & Andrén, 1981
  • Natrix natrix subsp. schweizeri Müller, 1932
  • Natrix rubetaria Bonaparte, 1840
  • Natrix vibakari subsp. continentalis Nikolsky, 1925
  • Natrix vulgaris Laurenti, 1768
  • Tropidonotus ater Eichwald, 1831
  • Tropidonotus natrix (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Tropidonotus natrix subsp. bithynius Hecht, 1930
  • Tropidonotus natrix subsp. bithynus Hecht, 1930
  • Tropidonotus natrix subsp. britannicus Hecht, 1930
  • Tropidonotus natrix subsp. bucharensis Hecht, 1930
  • Tropidonotus natrix subsp. cephallonicus Hecht, 1930
  • Tropidonotus natrix subsp. cypriacus Hecht, 1930
  • Tropidonotus natrix subsp. dystiensis Hecht, 1930
  • Tropidonotus natrix subsp. schirvanae Hecht, 1930
  • Tropidonotus natrix subsp. syrae Hecht, 1930
  • Tropidonotus natrix subsp. syriacus Hecht, 1930
  • Tropidonotus natrix var. bilineata Jan, 1864
  • Tropidonotus natrix var. colchica Nordmann In Demidoff, 1842
  • Tropidonotus natrix var. lineata Ninni, 1880
  • Tropidonotus natrix var. minax Fitzinger, 1832
  • Tropidonotus natrix var. moreoticus Bedriaga
  • Tropidonotus natrix var. murorum Fitzinger, 1832
  • Tropidonotus natrix var. nigra Nordmann In Demidoff, 1842
  • Tropidonotus natrix var. picturata Jan, 1863
  • Tropidonotus natrix var. subbilineata Jan, 1864
  • Tropidonotus natrix var. subblineata Jan, 1864

Natrix natrix, Natrix cinsine bağlı bir sürüngen türüdür.[2][3]

Özellikler

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Genel olarak koyu yeşil veya kahverengindedir. Kafasının arkasında yaka şeklinde sarı veya beyazımsı çizgi bulunur. Soğuk bölgelerde yaygın olarak griden siyaha doğru koyu renklidir. Alt kısmı beyazımsıdır ve düzensiz siyah renkler içerir. 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) veya daha uzun olabilir.[4][5]

Taksonomi

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Natrix natrix türüne bağlı alttürler (2024):

  1. Natrix natrix algirus
  2. Natrix natrix astreptophora
  3. Natrix natrix cetti
  4. Natrix natrix corsa
  5. Natrix natrix cypriaca
  6. Natrix natrix lanzai
  7. Natrix natrix natrix
  8. Natrix natrix persa
  9. Natrix natrix scutata
  10. Natrix natrix sicula
  11. Natrix natrix syriaca
  12. Natrix natrix vulgaris

Dağılım ve habitat

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Avrupa ile orta İskandinavya'dan İtalya'nın kuzeyine doğru dağılım gösterir.

Galeri

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Konuyla ilgili yayınlar

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  • Szyndlar Z. (1984) Fossil snakes from Poland, Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 28 1, 1-156
  • AFRASIAB, S. R. & AL-GANABI, M. I. (2011) Snake species rare or new to the herpetofauna of Iraq [Short Note].: Herpetozoa 24 (3/4)
  • Arakelyan, Marine S.; Felix D. Danielyan, Claudia Corti, Roberto Sindaco, and Alan E. Leviton (2011) The Herpetofauna of Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh.: SSAR, Salt Lake City, 154 pp. [ISBN 978-0-916984-84-7.]
  • Ayres, Cesar (2012) Scavenging in the genus Natrix.: Acta Herpetologica 7 (1): 171-174
  • Bagherian, A. & H. G. Kami (2009) Systematic identification of Natrix natrix and Natrix tessellata based on multivariate analysis. [in Persian].: Pajouhesh & Sazandegi (79): 128-134
  • Bedriaga, J. von. (1882) Die Amphibien und Reptilien Griechenlands.: Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 56:43—103.
  • Beshkov, V & Nanev, K (2006) The Amphibians and Reptiles in Bulgaria.: Pensoft Series Faunistica 46, 120 pp.
  • Bischoff, W. (2002) Auf der Suche nach Darevskia valentini (BOETTGER 1892) in Georgien - Impressionen aus einem wenig bekannten Land.: Elaphe 10 (3): 49-61
  • Borczyk, B. (2007) The causes of intraspecific variation in sexual dimorphism in the common grass snake populations, Natrix natrix LINNAEUS, 1758 (Serpentes, Colubridae): Data from the South Western Poland.: Acta zoologica cracoviensia, 50A(1-2): 9-13
  • Boulenger, G.A. (1893) Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I.: London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp.
  • Broggi, Mario F. (2014) The herpetofauna of Kimolos (Milos Archipelago, Greece).: Herpetozoa 27 (1/2): 102-103
  • Dossenbach, H.D., & Ganz, A. (1977) Die Reptilien der Schweiz.: Naturf. Gesell. Schaffhausen, Switzerland, Neujahrsblatt nr. 30 31 pp.
  • Engelmann,W.E. et al. (1993) Lurche und Kriechtiere Europas.: Neumann Verlag (Radebeul, Germany), 440 pp.
  • Escoriza, Daniel; Miguel Àngel Fuentes & Maria del Mar Comas (2011) Natrix natrix (Squamata:Colubridae) presence in Sidi Boughaba Ramsar Reserve (Northwestern Morocco).: Bull. Soc. Catalana d'Herp. 19
  • Fallend, S. (2006) Herpetologische Exkursion ins Ybbstal [Österreich].: Reptilia (Münster) 11 (62): 46-49
  • Feriche, M=nica;Pleguezuelos, Juan M.;Cerro, Angeles (1993) Sexual dimorphism and sexing of mediterranean colubrids based on external characteristics.: Journal of Herpetology 27 (4): 357-362
  • Forcart,Lothar (1950) Amphibien und Reptilien von Iran.: Verh. naturf. Ges. Basel 61: 141-156
  • Gené, J. (1839) Synopsis reptilium Sardiniae indigenoruni.: Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino 1:257—285
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  • Hecht,G. (1930) Systematik, Ausbreitungsgeschichte und Ökologie der europäischen Arten der Gattung Tropidonotus (Kuhl) H. Boie.: Mitt. zool. Mus. Berlin16: 244-393
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  • KUMLUTAS, Y.;MEHMET ÖZ, M. RIZVAN TUNC¸, YAKUP KASKA, ADEM ÖZDEMIR & SERDAR DÜSEN (2004) On snake species of the Western Taurus range, Turkey.: Nat. Croat. 13 (1): 19-33
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  • Malkmus, Rudolf (2015) Ringelnattern auf Molchjagd: Terraria Elaphe 2015 (5): 74-75
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  • Mediani, Mohamed; José Carlos Brito, Soumia Fahd (2015) Atlas of the amphibians and reptiles of northern Morocco: updated distribution and patterns of habitat selection.: Basic and Applied Herpetology 29:
  • Müller, L. & Mertens, R. (1932) Über zwei angebliche Unterarten der Ringelnatter Natrix natrix Linné.: Zoologischer Anzeiger 99: 18–27
  • Münch, D. (2004) Wiedernachweis der Ringelnatter (Natrix natrix) in Dortmund im Juni 2003.: Elaphe 12 (1): 50-54
  • Orlov N L; Tuniyev B S (1987) New species of the grass snake from the Caucasus, Natrix megalocephala sp. nov [in Russian].: TRUDY ZOOLOGICHESKOGO INSTITUTA AKADEMII NAUK SSSR 158: 116-130
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  • Petrov B. P., N. Tzankov, H. Strijbosch, G. Popgeorgiev, V. Beshkov (2006) The herpetofauna (Amphibia and Reptilia) of the Western Rhodopes mountain (Bulgaria and Greece). In: Beron P. (ed.). Biodiversity of Bulgaria. 3. Biodiversity of Western Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece) I.: Pensoft & Nat. Mus. Natur. Hist., Sofia, pp. 863–912
  • Polovic, Lidija and Natalija Cadenovic. (2014) The herpetofauna of Ljubisnja Mountain, Montenegro.: Herpetozoa 26 (3/4): 193-194
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  • Thorpe, R. S. (1980) Microevolution and taxonomy of European reptiles with particular reference to the grass snake Natrix natrix and the wall lizards Podarcis sicula, P. melisellensls.: Biological Journal of Linnean Society 14: 215-233
  • Thorpe, R. S. (1981) Racial divergence and subspecific status of the Gotland grass snake: a comment on Nilson & Andrens paper.: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 72: 369-370.
  • Thorpe, Roger S. (1984) Primary and secondary transition zones in speciation and population differentiation: a phylogenetic analysis of range expansion.: Evolution 38 (2): 233-243
  • Wiedl, Hansjörg; Böhme, Wolfgang (1992) Wiederentdeckung der Ringelnatter (Natrix natrix ssp.?) auf Zypern - vorläufiger Bericht.: Herpetofauna 14 (80): 6-10
  • Anonymous (1992) OPINION 1686: Natrix gemonensis LAURENTI, 1768 (currently Coluber gemonensis), Coluber viridiflavus LACÉPÈDE, 1789 and Coluber helveticus LACÉPÈDE, 1789 (currently Natrix natrix helvetica) (Reptilia, Serpentes): specific names conserved.: Bull. Zool. Nomencl. 49:174-175.
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  • FILIPPI, E. & CAPULA, M. & LUISELLI, L. & AGRIMI, U. (1995) The prey spectrum of Natrix natrix (LINNAEUS, 1758) and Natrix tessellata (LAURENTI, 1768) in sympatric populations.: Herpetozoa 8
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  • Ananjeva, NB, Orlov NL; Khalikov RG; Darevsky IS; Ryabov IS & Barabanov AV (2006) The Reptiles of North Eurasia. Taxonomic Diversity, Distribution, Conservation Status [this comprises the territory of the former Soviet Union and Mongolia].: Pensoft Series Faunistica 47, 250 pp

Dış bağlantılar

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Kaynakça

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  1. ^ European Reptile & Amphibian Specialist Group (1996). "Natrix natrix". IUCN Tehdit Altındaki Türlerin Kırmızı Listesi. 1996: e.T14368A4436775. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T14368A4436775.en Özgürce erişilebilir. Erişim tarihi: 11 Kasım 2021. 
  2. ^ "GBIF". 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 2 Mart 2024. 
  3. ^ "PaleoBioDB". 8 Mart 2024 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 2 Mart 2024. 
  4. ^ "Grass snake (Natrix natrix)". Wildsgk Arkive. 19 Nisan 2017 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 18 Nisan 2017. 
  5. ^ "Grass snake". The Woodland Trust. 16 Kasım 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 2 Aralık 2021. 
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