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C++ Programming Language

Last Updated : 12 May, 2025
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C++ is a computer programming language developed by Bjarne Stroustrup as an extension of the C language. It is known for is fast speed, low level memory management and is often taught as first programming language. It provides:

  • Hands-on application of different programming concepts.
  • Similar syntax to C and other popular languages making it easier to switch.

Example Program

The below code shows the simplest C++ program that you can run to print some text on the console screen.

C++
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    cout << "Hello World";
    return 0;
}

Output
Hello World

This C++ tutorial is designed to provide a guide for easy and efficient learning of both core and advanced concepts of C++. Each concept is explained with simple illustrations and practical code examples that can be executed easily. This tutorial also provides quizzes in each section to test your understanding. Let's start!

C++ Fundamentals

This section guides you through the basic concepts of C++ programming. It covers topics that teaches you to write your first program, manage data, perform different operations and control the flow of the program.

C++ Function

Functions allow users to divide the program into multiple blocks each performing a specific task. This section teaches you how to work with functions to write a modular and reusable code.

Compound Data Types

Compound data types are created from the built-in data types. This section guides you through important compound data types such as array, strings, pointer and structures that helps in managing complex real-world data.

Dynamic Memory Management

C++ allows the low-level memory manipulation using pointers and dynamic memory allocation/deallocation operators. This section guides you through the basis of dynamic memory management.

Object Oriented Programming (OOPs) in C++

This section covers key concepts of Object-Oriented Programming (OOPs) in C++ such as classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction.

C++ Standard Template Library (STL)

This section covers Standard Template Library (STL) which is an in-built library that provides a set of commonly used data structures such as vectors, lists, stacks, queues, maps, etc. and algorithms that enhance productivity and performance.

Exception Handling in C++

Exception handling are the techniques to handle runtime errors efficiently. This section covers how to handle exceptions to prevent crashes and improve the reliability of applications.

File Handling in C++

File handling allows programs to store and retrieve data from files. This section introduces file handling in C++ using streams. It covers reading from and writing to files using streams.

Advanced C++

This section covers advanced concepts in C++ such as move preprocessor, multithreading, etc. Mastering these topics allows developers to write efficient, high-performance C++ applications.

C++ Skill Assessments

Test what you have learnt through this C++ using a series of our Skill Assessment Test.

C++ Interview Questions

Quickly prepare yourself for C++ interviews with the help of our carefully curated list of commonly asked interview questions.

C++ vs Other Programming Languages

Let's see where C++ stands as compared to other programming language:

FeatureC++CJavaPython
TypeCompiledCompiledCompiled and InterpretedInterpreted
ParadigmMulti-paradigm (procedural, object-oriented, generic)Procedural, structuredObject-oriented, structuredMulti-paradigm (object-oriented, procedural, functional)
Memory ManagementManualManualAutomaticAutomatic
SyntaxComplexComplexComplexSimple
Use CasesSystem programming, game development, high-performance applicationsSystem programming, embedded systems, game developmentLarge-scale applications, enterprise softwareWeb development, data analysis, machine learning
Notable Frameworks/LibrariesStandard Library, BoostStandard LibrarySpring, HibernateDjango, Flask
Community SupportStrongStrongStrongStrong
Job MarketAbundantAbundantAbundantAbundant

The below program compares the basic program structure of C++ with other languages:

hello-world-comparision

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