1990 & 1991 Department of the Army Historical Summary

Cover, Department of the Army Historical Summary, 1990 & 1991

Department of the Army
Historical Summary

Fiscal Years 1990 and 1991

William Joe Webb
Charles Anderson	Dave Hogan
Dale Andrade	Thomas Popa
Mary Gillett	Rebecca Raines
Glen Hawkins	James Yarrison

Edited by

W. Scott Janes

CENTER OF MILITARY HISTORY
UNITED STATES ARMY
WASHINGTON, D.C., 1997

.The Library of Congress has cataloged
this serial publication as follows:

Library of Congress Catalog Card 75-647561

ISSN 0092-7880

CMH Pub 101-22

Preface

Since 1969, the U.S. Army Center of Military History has produced the Department of the Army Historical Summary (DAHSUM) as an annual publication. The Center has combined fiscal years 1990 and 1991 into a single volume, however, for greater continuity and coherence in the coverage of the events surrounding Operation DESERT SHIELD/ DESERT STORM, which overlapped those two years. An overview of the successes and problems of major Army programs, the DAHSUM seeks to provide a record similar to, but more concise than, that published in the annual reports of the Secretary of War from 1822 to World War II and in the Army 's portion of the Semiannual Report of the Secretary of Defense from 1949 through 1968.

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Contents

Chapter	..	Page
1.	INTRODUCTION	3
2.	OPERATIONAL FORCES	15
...	Western Hemisphere	16
	Europe	19
	The War in the Persian Gulf	22
	The Pacific and Far East	25
3.	PERSONNEL	31
..	Overview	31
	Active Component Drawdown	33
	Recruitment	35
	Civilian Personnel	37
	Women in the Army	41
	Ethnic Groups	42
	Operation DESERT SHIELD/DESERT STORM	42
	Discipline Indicators	43
	Conclusion	44
4.	SUPPORT SERVICES	45
..	Housing	45
	Morale, Welfare, and Recreation	47
	Family Support	50
	Health Care	52
	The Army Safety Program	53
	Pay and Travel	54
	Clothing and Individual Equipment	57
	Food and Commissary Services	59
	Memorial Affairs	61
	Conclusion	62
5.	TRAINING	63
..	Individual Training	64
	Unit Training	66
	Reserve Components Training	69
	Training Aids, Devices, Simulators, and Simulations	71
	Operation DESERT SHIELD/DESERT STORM Training	73

Chapter	..	Page
6.	MODERNIZING AND EQUIPPING THE ARMY	79
..	Modernization: Into the Post-Cold War Era	79
	Armored Systems	82
	Aviation	83
	Air and Missile Defense	84
	Fire Support	85
	Combat Support/Combat Service Support	87
	Reserve Components Modernization	88
	The Army's Role in the Strategic Defense Initiative	89
	The Army in Space	89
7.	MOBILIZING, DEPLOYING, AND SUSTAINING THE ARMY	91
..	Mobilization	92
	Deployment	96
	Sustainment	98
8.	STRUCTURING THE FORCE	103
..	The Army and the Total Force Policy	103
	Force Structure Reductions	105
	Armies and Corps	105
	Divisions and Separate Brigades	106
	Special Operations Forces	112
	Base Realignments and Closures	114
9.	ORGANIZATION, MANAGEMENT, AND BUDGET	119
..	Organization	119
	Management: General	120
	Management: Acquisition	122
	Management: Resources	123
	Management: Information Systems	125
	Budget	128
10.	SPECIAL FUNCTIONS	133
..	Civil Works	133
	War Against Illegal Drugs	134
	Environmental Protection and Preservation	139
	Army Litigation	143
	Army Energy Program	146
	Disaster Relief	147
	Other Forms of Support to U.S. Agencies and Foreign Governments	150
11.	CONCLUSION	155

..	GLOSSARY	161
..	APPENDIX A. Organization of the Department of the Army

No.	Tables	Page
1.	FY 90 and 91 Active Component Divisions	107
2.	FY 90 Active Component (AC) Divisions With Reserve Component (RC) Roundout Brigades	108
3.	FY 91 Active Component (AC) Divisions With Reserve Component (RC) Roundout Brigades	109
4.	Reserve Component (National Guard) Divisions	110
5.	Separate Brigades and Armored Cavalry Regiments	111
6.	Ranger Regiments and Special Forces Groups (SFG)	113
7.	BRAC II Realignment and Closure Recommendations	115
8.	BRAC 91 Realignment and Closure Recommendations	116
9.	Army Budget Summary	129
10.	Corps of Engineers Civil Appropriations	134

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