Ivan Mozzhukhin(1889-1939)

Since Mosjoukine spoke no English, he used an interpreter during the entire shooting of the film, 'Surrender.' Nevertheless, due to his extensive acting and directorial experience, he was able to intuitively follow the director's instructions with minimal input from his interpreter. With the advent of 'the talkies,' Mosjoukine's lack of linguistic skills other than Russian was profoundly detrimental to this once shining Russian and European superstar's career.