Acne face maps chart specific acne locations and suggest possible causes. For example, acne on the forehead may occur due to certain hair products, while acne on the cheek and mouth may occur due to rubbing.
Face mapping has roots in ancient Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine. Historically, proponents believed that acne in specific face areas indicated dysfunction in other parts of the body, such as the digestive system and kidneys. However, there is little scientific evidence to support the theory that health issues with organs in the body relate to where acne breaks out on the face.
In the present day, dermatologists may use face maps to link the location of a person’s acne with possible causes.
Acne develops when the pores in the skin become clogged with dead skin cells and oil. The result is whiteheads and blackheads.
Bacteria called Propionibacterium acnes also play a role in inflammation, which results in the red bumps that characterize acne.
Certain areas of the face may be more prone to acne breakouts for various reasons.
Hairline and temples
Acne around the hairline and temples, called forehead acne, may be due to the use of certain hair products. When this is the case, it is called pomade acne.
When oily or waxy hair products spread to the nearby skin of the face, they can block the pores. This can cause acne breakouts.
Certain ingredients in cosmetic products, such as pomades, may cause acne. Using noncomedogenic haircare products may help prevent acne from forming around the hairline.
It is especially important to prevent oily hair products from coming into contact with the face.
T-zone: Forehead, nose, and chin
The sebaceous glands produce sebum, which is an oily substance that moisturizes and protects the skin. Excess sebum production can cause acne.
The T-zone extends across the brow, down the nose, and to the chin. This area can be more prone to sebum production and, as a result, acne.
Cheeks
Breakouts on the cheeks can occur due to acne mechanica, which develops due to friction or rubbing of the skin.
For example, this may occur when a person holds a cell phone against their face, moves against the pillow in sleep, or wears a piece of equipment or clothing with a chin strap.
Acne mechanica is not restricted to the cheeks, however. It can occur in different areas of the body depending on the specific occlusive clothing or activity. It is most commonly recognized in athletes.
Jawline
Jawline acne shares several potential causes with other regions, such as new skin products, friction, and sebum production.
Scientists have tended to link acne around the jawline to fluctuations in hormones. However, other researchers have challenged and refuted this notion. There is no evidence to suggest that acne around the jaw and chin will accurately predict if a person has a hormonal disturbance.
Shaving can irritate the skin, worsening areas of existing acne. Improper shaving technique can also cause folliculitis (follicle inflammation) and ingrown hairs. This may resemble acne.
A range of topical treatments can work to fight bacteria, inflammation, and excess oil, all of which can cause acne.
Over the counter treatments
People can buy topical treatments over the counter, or they can look for the following ingredients to target their acne:
- Benzoyl peroxide: This primarily works by fighting Propionibacterium acnes bacteria.
- Topical retinoids: These work to reduce excess oil on the face and help unblock pores. One example is adapalene gel (Differin 0.1%).
- Salicylic acid: This primarily works to unblock pores.
Antibiotics
For inflammatory acne, including severe cases, a doctor may prescribe a course of antibiotics to fight off bacteria and reduce inflammation. This can be in the form of topical or oral antibiotics.
Hormonal treatments
A doctor may suggest taking combined oral contraceptives to treat hormonal acne. There are several approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating acne.
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Gently wash the face once or twice per day, as well as after exercising or sweating, with a mild, nonabrasive cleanser and lukewarm water.
Any product that comes into contact with the skin of the face should be oil-free and noncomedogenic to help prevent acne. Avoid touching the face frequently, as rubbing the skin often may also cause acne. Also, be sure to sleep with clean sheets and pillowcases.
Keeping the hair away from the face and washing the hair after using oily or waxy products may help reduce acne around the hairline.
There is little scientific evidence to support traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic face mapping.
Scientific studies suggest that acne on certain areas of the face may be due to bacteria, excess oil production, hormonal changes, or external factors such as the use of waxy hair products.
Addressing these issues with lifestyle changes, practicing good skin care, and trying topical treatments may all help clear acne.
If these treatment methods are not effective, or if people have long lasting or severe acne, people can see their doctor or dermatologist for treatment.