RIGHT OF CHILDREN TO FREE AND COMPULSORY EDUCATION ACT, 2009
Vikram Sahay, Director, Ministry of HRD, Govt. Of India
Education a Fundamental Right : India
Directive Principles of State Policy Supreme Court (1992) : Right to Education inherent in Right to Life and Right to Equality
Article 21A (2002): The State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age Of six to fourteen years in such manner as the State may determine, by law. Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009
21A and RTE Act enforced w.e.f. 1st April, 2010
Exctract from Objectives of RTE Act
..Provision of free and compulsory education of satisfactory quality to children from disadvantaged group and weaker sections is, therefore, not merely the responsibility of Schools run or supported by the appropriate Governments, but also of schools which are not dependent on Government schools.
Dimension
1.2 million schools
200 million children 8 million Children not in school Pluralistic society
Child Labour
Financial Commitment
Disadvantaged and weaker section
Right of Children
Free and Compulsory admission, attendance, Completion of Elementary Education
Compulsion on Government Duty of Parents
Removal of Financial barrier
Special provision for children with disabilities Bars corporal punishment Mental harassment
No Expulsion No detention
Special provision for Out-of-School children
Teachers
National level Teacher qualification norms
Prohibits Private Tuition
Academic Responsibilities
1 maintain regularity and punctuality 2 complete prescribed curriculum in specified time 3 assess learning ability of each child; supplement additional instructions 4 Hold regular meetings with parents
Prohibits Teacher deployment for Non-educational purpose
Teacher position and challenges
600,000 untrained teachers 500,000 posts vacant
CHALLENGES
Another 500,000 teachers required Rural-urban imbalance in deployment
Imbalance in availability of TEIs
Curriculum Reforms Assessment and Evaluation
SHRDC programme on BSSFA, Islamabad, 18-29th April, 2011
Recent Initiatives
Development of a new National Curriculum Framework on Teacher Education, linking with NCF, 2005 and the RTE Act, 2009 Model sylabii for elementary, secondary and Masters programmes in Teacher Education courses
Preparation of a compendium of resource material for student-teachers Implications of RTE Act on ITP and CTD
Development of State-specific distance TE courses for untrained teachers
SHRDC programme on BSSFA, Islamabad, 18-29th April, 2011 8
Each School
Infrastructure 1 one classroom for every teacher 2 barrier-free access 3 separate toilets for boys and girls 4 drinking water facility 5 playground 6 Boundary wall/fencing 7 Library 8 play material, games
Academics 1 PTR 1:30 (Primary) 2 PTR 1:35 (U Primary) 3 Subject teachers in Upper primary 4 part-time instructors 5 200 working days (Pr.) 6 220 working days (u. Pr) 7 45 working hrs/week 8 TLM
School Management Committee in Government schools to monitor school functioning
Schools
No capitation fees Penal Provisions
No screening for admission
No school Without recognition
SOCIAL EQUITY ISSUES
>/=25% admission in private schools from Children from disadvantaged/weaker section Free education to at least 25% children in Aided schools
Curriculum
Content/Principles Conform to constitutional values Make child free from fear, trauma, anxiety child-centred, child-friendly learning through activities instruction in childs mother tongue as far as practicable Continuous and comprehensive evaluation
No Board Examination till completion of EE
Duties: Central Government
Develop national framework of curriculum Develop and enforce standards of teacher training Lay down minimum teacher qualification norms Prepare estimates of capital and recurring expenditure Provide resources to State Governments
Duties: Appropriate Government, Local Authority
Ensure Free and compulsory education Establish neighbourhood school within 3 years Special training for un-enrolled and drop-out children Monitoring of admission, attendance, completion of EE Timely prescription of curriculum, courses of study, Teachers training
Protection of Right
Local Authority First level of Grievance redressal
Grievance for violation of rights of the child Parents Guardian Any person
State Commissions for Protection of Child Rights
National Commission for Protection of Child Rights
Steps taken for implementation
Model Rules circulated; Central Rules notified
27 StatesUTs have notified State Rules
Rs 2.31 lakh crore approved for 5 years
New implementation norms notified
New teacher qualification norms; Teacher Eligibility Test
Steps taken for implementation
27 States have notified prohibition of corporal punishment
25 States notified prohibiting screening and capitation fees
25 States notified banning Board exams in class VIII
25 States have notified academic authority
Teacher Qualifications
Class I-V 50% in Class XII with 2-year D.Ed 50% in Class XII with 4-year B.El.Ed 50% in Class XII with 2-year D.Ed (Special Education)
Class VI-VIII Graduation with 2-year D.Ed 50% in Graduation with 1-year B.Ed 50% in Class XII with 4-year B.El.Ed 50% in Graduation with 1-year B.Ed (Special Education)
Pass in Teacher Eligibility Test
What Government expects from unaided schools
Follow the admission Guidelines issued by the Government
Ban capitation fees, private tuition
Adhere to the norms and standards in the Schedule
Admit children from disadvantaged group and weaker section
Appoint persons who have passed TET as school teachers
What Government expects from unaided schools
No detention, no expulsion of children in classes I-VIII
No corporal punishment to children
Seek recognition from the State Government
Follow curriculum based on principles enshrined in section 29
Orient teachers towards their duties under the RTE Act
Teachers
Touch
Tomorrow
Thank You
For further details visit : www.education.nic.in
vikramsahay7@gmail.com
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