Pratt & Whitney

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For the original Pratt & Whitney Company founded in 1860, see Pratt &
Whitney Measurement Systems. For other uses, see Pratt & Whitney
(disambiguation).

Pratt & Whitney

Type Subsidiary

Industry Aerospace, electricity generation

Founded 1925; 94 years ago

Headquarters East Hartford, Connecticut

United States

Area served Worldwide

Key people Robert Leduc (President)

Products Aircraft engines, gas turbines

US$16.160 billion (2017)[1]

Revenue

Operating income US$1.460 billion (2017)[1]

 Number of employees 38,737 (2017)[1]

Parent United Technologies

Divisions Pratt & Whitney Canada

Website www.pw.utc.com

Pratt & Whitney is an American aerospace manufacturer with global service

operations. It is a subsidiary of United Technologies (UTC). Pratt &
Whitney's aircraft engines are widely used in both civil
aviation (especially airlines) and military aviation. Its headquarters are
in East Hartford, Connecticut.[2] As one of the "big three" aero-engine
manufacturers, it competes with General Electric and Rolls-Royce, although it
has also formed joint ventures with both of these companies. In addition to
aircraft engines, Pratt & Whitney manufactures gas turbines for industrial
and power generation, and marine turbines. As of 2014, the company reported
having 31,500 employees supporting more than 11,000 customers in 180
countries around the world. In 2013, Pratt & Whitney's revenue totaled $14.5
billion.[3]

Contents

 1History

o 1.1Early history

o 1.2Recent

 2Headquarters

 3Divisions

o 3.1Commercial engines

o 3.2Global Material Solutions

o 3.3Global Service Partners

o 3.4Military Engines

o 3.5Pratt & Whitney Canada

o 3.6Pratt & Whitney Space Propulsion

o 3.7Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne

o 3.8Pratt & Whitney Power Systems

 o 3.9International Aero Engines

o 3.10Engine Alliance

o 3.11Motorsports

 4Products

o 4.1Reciprocating engines

o 4.2Turbojet engines

o 4.3Turbofan engines

o 4.4Turboprop/turboshaft engines

o 4.5Aeroderivative industrial and marine gas turbines

o 4.6Engine maintenance systems

 5See also

 6References

 7Bibliography

 8External links

History[edit]
Early history[edit]
In April 1925, Frederick Rentschler, an Ohio native and former executive
at Wright Aeronautical, was determined to start an aviation-related business
of his own.[4] His social network included Edward Deeds, another prominent
Ohioan of the early aviation industry, and Frederick's brother Gordon
Rentschler, both of whom were on the board of Niles Bement Pond, then one
of the largest machine tool corporations in the world. Frederick Rentschler
approached these men as he sought capital and assets for his new venture.
Deeds and G. Rentschler persuaded the board of Niles Bement Pond that
their Pratt & Whitney Machine Tool (P&WMT) subsidiary of Hartford,
Connecticut, should provide the funding and location to build a new aircraft
engine being developed by Rentschler, George J. Mead, and colleagues, all
formerly of Wright Aeronautical.[4] Conceived and designed by Mead,[4] the new
engine would be a large, air-cooled, radial design. Pratt & Whitney Machine
Tool was going through a period of self-revision at the time to prepare itself
for the post-Great War era, discontinuing old product lines and incubating new
ones.[4] The Great War had been profitable to P&WMT, but the peace brought a
predictable glut to the machine tool market, as contracts with governments
were canceled and the market in used, recently built tools competed against
new ones. P&WMT's future growth would depend on innovation. Having idle
factory space and capital available at this historical moment, to be invested
wherever good return seemed available,[4]P&WMT saw the postwar
aviation industry, both military and civil (commercial, private), as one with
some of the greatest growth and development potential available anywhere
for the next few decades. It lent Rentschler $250,000, the use of the Pratt &
Whitney name, and space in their building. This was the beginning of the Pratt
& Whitney Aircraft Company.[4] Pratt & Whitney Aircraft's first engine, the 425
horsepower (317 kW) R-1340 Wasp, was completed on Christmas Eve 1925. On
its third test run it easily passed the Navy qualification test in March 1926; by
October, the Navy had ordered 200. The Wasp exhibited performance and
reliability that revolutionized American aviation.[4] The R-1340 powered the
aircraft of Wiley Post, Amelia Earhart, and many other record flights.
The R-1340 was followed by another very successful engine, the R-985 Wasp
Junior.[5] Eventually a whole Wasp series was developed. Both engines are still
in use in agricultural aircraft around the world and produce more power than
their original design criteria.
George Mead soon led the next step in the field of large, state-of-the-art, air-
cooled, radial aircraft engines (which the Wasp dominated) when Pratt &
Whitney released its R-1690 Hornet. It was basically "a bigger Wasp".
In 1929, Rentschler ended his association with Pratt & Whitney Machine Tool
and merged Pratt & Whitney Aircraft with Boeing and other companies to form
the United Aircraft and Transport Corporation. His agreement allowed him to
carry the Pratt & Whitney name with him to his new corporation.

Recent[edit]
In October 2014, Pratt & Whitney was awarded a $592 million contract with
US Defense Department to supply 36 F135 engines for the F-35 fighter.[6]
In January 2017, 10 employees reportedly left the company, including the head
of the F135 engine program. Incurred expenses used to transport South
Korean officials to the company's West Palm Beach facility in 2012 were
deemed unethical, which led to the departure of the employees.[7]

Headquarters[edit]

Headquarters on Main Street in East Hartford

Pratt & Whitney is headquartered in East Hartford, Connecticut and also has
plants in Springdale, Arkansas; Columbus, Georgia; Middletown,
Connecticut; Middletown, Pennsylvania; Dallas, Texas; Palm Beach County,
Florida, North Berwick, Maine; Aguadilla, Puerto Rico;[8] and Bridgeport, West
Virginia.
The home stadium for the University of Connecticut Huskies football
team, Rentschler Field, is located adjacent to Pratt & Whitney's East Hartford,
Connecticut campus, on Pratt's company-owned former airfield of the same
name. In 2015, the stadium was renamed to Pratt & Whitney Stadium at
Rentschler Field in time for the 2015–2016 University of Connecticut football
season.[citation needed]

Divisions[edit]
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Pratt & Whitney is a business unit of industrial conglomerate United

Technologies, making it a sister company to Collins Aerospace (previously
known as UTC Aerospace Systems and Hamilton Sundstrand), Otis Elevator
Company, UTC Fire & Security, UTC Power and refrigeration giant Carrier
Corporation. It is also involved in two major joint ventures, the Engine
Alliance with GE which manufactures engines for the Airbus A380,
and International Aero Engines company with Rolls-Royce, MTU Aero Engines,
and the Japanese Aero Engines Corporation which manufactures engines for
the Airbus A320 and the McDonnell Douglas MD-90 aircraft.

Commercial engines[edit]
Pratt & Whitney's large commercial engines power more than 25 percent of
the world’s passenger aircraft fleet and serve more than 800 customers in 160
countries. With more than 16,000 large commercial engines installed today,
Pratt & Whitney provides power to hundreds of airlines and operators, from
narrow-bodied airplanes to wide-bodied jumbo jetliners. In June 2007, Pratt &
Whitney’s fleet of large commercial engines surpassed 1 billion flight hours of
service.

Global Material Solutions[edit]

Pratt & Whitney’s Global Material Solutions (GMS) makes parts for
the CFM56 engine thus giving customers an alternative in new CFM56 engine
materials. In addition to engine parts, GMS provides customers with fleet
management and customized maintenance service programs. United Airlines
was the GMS launch customer.[9]
GMS received its first part certification in July 2007, when the Federal
Aviation Administration (FAA) granted Parts Manufacturing Approval (PMA)
certification for the GMS high-pressure turbine (HPT) shroud for the CFM56-3
engine. In March 2008, the FAA certified the GMS fan and booster with a
Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) with FAA Chapter 5 life limits equal to
the original type certificate holder. The STC was the first FAA certification
ever granted for alternative life-limited engine parts. In May 2008, Global
Material Solutions received FAA STCs for its remaining life limited parts for
CFM56-3 engines.[10]

Global Service Partners[edit]

Pratt & Whitney Global Service Partners (GSP) offers overhaul, maintenance
and repair services for Pratt & Whitney, International Aero Engines, General
Electric, Rolls-Royce, and CFMI engines. In addition to engine overhaul and
repair services, GSP provides services including line maintenance, engine
monitoring and diagnostics, environmentally friendly on-wing water washes,
leased engines, custom engine service programs and new and repaired parts.
Pratt & Whitney maintains one of the largest service center networks in the
world, with more than 40 engine overhaul and maintenance centers located
around the globe.

Military Engines[edit]
Pratt & Whitney's Military Engines power 27 air forces around the globe, with
nearly 11,000 military engines in service with 23 customers in 22 nations.
Pratt & Whitney military engines include the F135 for the F-35 Lightning
IIJoint Strike Fighter (JSF), the F119 for the F-22 Raptor, the F100 family that
powers the F-15 Eagle and F-16 Falcon, the F117 for the C-17 Globemaster III,
the J52 for the EA-6B Prowler, the TF33 powering E-3 AWACS, E-8 Joint
STARS, B-52, and KC-135 aircraft, and the TF30 for the F-111 and F-14A. In
addition, Pratt & Whitney offers a global network of maintenance, repair, and
overhaul facilities and military aviation service centers focused on
maintaining engine readiness for their customers.

Pratt & Whitney Canada[edit]

Main article: Pratt & Whitney Canada
Pratt & Whitney Canada (PWC), originally Canadian Pratt & Whitney Aircraft
Company, and later United Aircraft of Canada, provides a large range of
products, including turbofan, turboprop and turboshaft engines targeted for
the regional, business, utility and military aircraft and helicopter markets. The
company also designs and manufactures engines for auxiliary power units and
industrial applications. Its headquarters are located
in Longueuil, Quebec (just outside Montreal).
Speaking to Reuters June 16, 2013, ahead of the Paris Airshow 2013, Pratt &
Whitney President David Hess said he was confident that Canada would
decide to stick with the F-35 program despite its recent discussions about
having a new competition. If the orders did shift to another company, Pratt &
Whitney could decide to move some of the industrial base work it is currently
doing in Canada, Hess said. "We might reallocate the work elsewhere", he
said, adding that reduced order volumes would likely trigger changes in
Canada.[11]
The division admitted in July 2012 to providing engines and engine software
for China's first a