University of St.

La Salle –Bacolod
Paglaum Project Free
Kabankalan City, Negros Occidental

PHYSICAL FACILITIES AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THE ACADEMIC

PERFORMANCE OF THE GRADE 9 TO 10 AGRICULTURAL CROP PRODUCTION
STUDENTS OF RTMNHS

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in

Statistical Methods in Education

Masters of Education

Major in T.H.E.

ROSA MAY D. POLANA

 Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Article III, Section I of the Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers mandates that a

teacher must be a facilitator of learning and of the development of the youth; he shall therefore,

render the best service by providing an environment conducive to learning that promotes

students welfare and interest.

R.A. No. 7836 known as the Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994

declares that “The State recognizes the vital role of teachers in nation building and development

through responsible and literate citizenry.

As stipulated in the Magna Carta of Students, it shall be the responsibility of the school

administration to provide the students with adequate welfare services and academic facilities

relative to the financial capacity of the school. it mandates that school authorities must provide

students with adequate laboratory, library, research, recreation and physical education facilities.

The learning environment is the place where teaching and learning can take place in the

most productive and effective manner. It consist of the physical elements such as wall art,

arrangement of desks, class composition, other resources and classroom energy, the social aspect

which involves the interaction and the relationship of teachers towards the students and vice

versa, while the psychological environment comprise the rules imposed by the teacher as well as

his words and action. All these surround the learner and influence their learning; therefore it

should be set up in a way that enhances creativity to promote a positive learning environment.

Students experiences inside the classroom and the quality of teaching in particular, plays an

important role in developing students behavioural, social and academic skills, all these, are
predictors of students achievement and influence student’s academic performance.(Steinmayr,

2015).

Ramon Torres Malingin National High school is a small sub urban school with 757

students and 32 teaching personnel. Science and T.L.E. subjects lack laboratories for the students

to perform experiments and skills training. The researcher who is a T.L.E.-Agriculture teacher

has difficulties in conducting laboratory works (developing of plot for planting and maintaining

the vegetable garden) due of inadequate number of tools and scarcities of resources. These

conditions affect the researcher’s personal and professional attributes as a classroom teacher

oftentimes. If the condition of the physical facilities has an effect to the researcher herself, what

more to the student? This encourages the researcher to find out if the current condition of the

physical facilities of Ramon Torres Malingin National high School has a relationship to the

academic performance of the students.

 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the Physical Environment and It’s

relationship to the Academic Performance of the Grade 9 and 10 Agri-Crop Production Students

in Ramon Torres Malingin National High School.

This study specifically aimed to answer the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the students in terms of the following variables:

a. Sex

b. Average Monthly Family Income

2. What is the level of Physical Environment according the following areas:

a. Classroom

3. What is the level of the physical environment when they are grouped according to the

aforementioned variables?

4. What is the level of the academic performance of the students?

5. Are there significant differences between the level of physical facilities when they are

grouped according to to the aforementioned variables.

6. Is there a significant relationship between the physical environment and the level of the

student’s academic performance?

 Research Methodology

This chapter discusses the research design, the respondents of the study, the research instrument,

the data gathering procedure and the statistical treatment in the analysis data.

Research Design

This study utilized a descriptive research design. According to Calmorin 2010, this

research design is used to obtain information concerning the current status of the phenomena, to

describe what exists with respect to variables or conditions in a situation and its relationship.

Since the events or conditions have already occurred or existed, relevant variables are merely

selected for an analysis of their relationship. It involves hypothesis formulation, testing and uses

logical methods in inductive and deductive reasoning in order to arrive at generalizations.

Descriptive method was being used in the sense that it described the student-respondents’

demographic profile, the learning environment and academic performance.

Respondents

The respondents of the study were the 116 Grade 9 and 10 Agriculture students of Ramon

Torres Malingin National High School of Brgy Malingin, Bago City.

Data Gathering Instruments

The data of the study were gathered by the researcher with the use of questionnaire which

the researcher adapted from the study “Learning Environment and Its Relationship to the

Academic Performance of the Students” (Benedicte France Dulman, 2016).

 The questionnaire adapted by the researcher is composed of two parts. Part I of the

questionnaire gathered about the personal profile of the respondents that include their age, sex,

grade level and monthly family income.

Part II is the Physical Environment scale consisted of 10 questions. Five options were

provided for the respondents to select from. Below are the weights assigned for each category.

Responses Weights Assigned

Very High Level 5

High Level 4

Moderate Level 3

Low Level 2

Very Low Level 1

Statistical Tools

To interpret and analyze the gathered data, various statistical tools were used.

For Objective 1, which was to determine the profile of Grade 9 and 10 Agriculture students of

RTMNHS used the frequency count, this measure the number of times the event occurs and

percentage to determine the percent of total observations falling under a given category.

For Objectives 2 and 3, which aimed determine the level of the physical environment and the

academic performance of RTMNHS students, the mean was used. The mean is considered as the
best measure of central agency in determining the scores of the students respondents. The

formula is given below:

X= _X_

Where: X = mean

X = score

N = number of respondents

To possibly describe the level of Physical Environment in terms of the following areas,

the scale below was used.

Mean Score Range Interpretation

4.24-5.04 Very High Level

3.43-4.23 High level

2.62-3.42 Moderate Level

1.81-2.61 Low Level

1.0-1.80 Very Low Level

To describe the academic achievement of the students, the scale below was used. The

descriptors are the newly implemented grading system in the Basic Education Program effective

June 2015.
 Scale Interpretation

90.00-100.00 Outstanding

85.00-89.00 Very Satisfactory

80.00-84.00 Satisfactory

75.00-79.00 Fairly Satisfactory

Below 75 Did not meet Expectations

Objective 4, which aimed to determine the level of school physical environment when

they are grouped according to selected variables used comparative analytical scheme. This tool is

essential since comparison between the studied variables are needed.

Objective 5, which sought to determine whether or not the significant difference exists

between the assessments of compared groups, classified on the basis of selected variables used

the z test or critical ratio. Z test is a tool to determine the significant effect on the responses of

predictor variables and it is also appropriate if the sample size is more than 30.

To achieve objective 6, which aimed to determine whether significant relationship exists

between the level of the learning environment and student’s academic performance, Pearson r

was used. The statistical tool is appropriate to determine whether or not there is a correlation

between two variables of the interval or ratio type.

 Chapter 4

Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

This chapter presents the analyses and interpretation of results of the data gathered from

the study to identify the profile of the respondents, level of physical facilities and the academic

performance of the Grade 9 and 10 Agriculture students of Ramon Torres Malingin National

high school and the relationship between these variables.

Profile of the Respondents According to Variables

The first objective of this study was to present the profile of the respondents according to

its selected variables.

A total of 116 students were surveyed for this study on the Physical facilities and it’s

Relationship to the Academic Performance of the Students in RTMalingin NHS. The variables

used to determine the profile of the respondents were: age, sex, grade level and monthly income

of the family.

When grouped according to sex, 20 or 17.24 % were females and 96 or 82.76 % were

males. For the family monthly income result showed that 64 or 55.17 % belong to low income

families and 52 or 44.82 % have high income. As shown in the table the female students are far

more high than the male students. This may have been because most male enrolees prefer

Agriculture than Home Economics. Result showed that most of the respondents have a family

income that can be deemed as belonging to low income bracket. This is because most of the

students who enrolled in a public school were from low socio economic status. Fan (2012),
agreed to this implication result of his study showed that most of the students enrolled to a

national public school came from economically disadvantaged family. Table 1 reflect these data.

Table 1
Profile of The Respondents
Variables Category Frequency Percentage
Sex Male 96 82.76 %
Female 20 17.24 %
Average Family *Lower (8000 and 64 55.17 %
Income below)
*higher (above 8000) 52 44.82 %

As shown on Table 2, the level of learning environment on the physical facilities showed

an overall mean score of 3.91 which is “High Level. Item no. 7 got the highest mean score of

4.23 which was interpreted as “ High”. The classroom is spacious enough to cater large number

of students. The lowest mean score came from item no. 3 with a mean score of 3.48 interpreted

as “High” which stated “The classroom is well-ventilated.

Result implied that even though students perceived their classroom as spacious and large

enough to accommodate them still learning can be best facilitated if the classroom is well-

ventilated. Adams(2014), Poor classroom ventilation is correlated with students absences due to

illness. Temperature and ventilation systems inside the classroom are crucial factors that affect

classroom learning environment. Classrooms too cold or too hot negatively affect students

[Performance and concentration as they feel uncomfortable in such conditions. According to

Tariq and Nasreen (2010), it is generally accepted that high temperature and humidity creates

physiological and psychological problems which expedite fatigue, causes people to work more

slowly, apply much efforts and causes to make more mistakes and errors. Ventilation plays a

major role in making classroom atmosphere favourable and comfortable hence, affects the

behaviour and academic performance of the students.

 Table 2
Level of Learning Environment on the Physical Facilities
Items Mean Interpretation
1. There is a concrete structured classroom 4.00 High
provided for the class.
2. The classroom has a good lighting facilities. 4.02 High
3. The classroom is well-ventilated. 3.48 High
4. Bright posters are posted on the walls. 3.92 High
5. Furniture (ex. Chairs, Cabinets, bookshelves, 3.87 High
broom box and tables) are arranged and
organized.
6. The cleanliness of the classroom is maintained. 3.87 High
7. The classroom is spacious enough to cater large 4.23 High
number of students.
8. Classroom windows can be opened easily. 3.84 High
9. Bulletin boards are attractive and appealing. 3.94 High
10. The classroom is painted with a chid friendly 3.81 High
color.
Overall Mean 3.91 High

Table 3 presents the data on the level of physical facilities and its relationship to the

academic performance of the grade 9 and 10 agriculture students when group according to the

sex. This obtained an overall mean scores of 3.85 for the “male” and 4.08 for the “female” both

were interpreted “high”. Female students perceived their classroom as spacious enough to cater

large number of students.

Table 3
Level of Physical Facilities According to Sex
Physical facilities Male Female
Mean Interpretation Mean Interpretation
1. There is a concrete structured classroom 3.86 High 4.09 High
provided for the class.
2. The classroom has a good lighting facilities. 3.98 High 4.04 High
3. The classroom is well-ventilated. 3.49 High 3.47 High
4. Bright posters are posted on the walls. 3.67 High 4.97 High
5. Furniture (ex. Chairs, Cabinets, bookshelves, 3.85 High 4.11 High
broom box and tables) are arranged and
organized
6. The cleanliness of the classroom is maintained. 3.66 High 4.00 High
 7. The classroom is spacious enough to cater large 4.04 High 4.36 Very High
number of students.
8. Classroom windows can be opened easily. 3.67 High 3.95 High
9. Bulletin boards are attractive and appealing. 3.85 High 3.99 High
10. The classroom is painted with a chid friendly 3.77 High 4.00 High
color.

Table 4 presents the data on the level of Physical facilities and its relationship to the

academic performance of the grade 9 and 10 agriculture students when group according to the

“average family income.”

Table 4
Level of Physical Facilities According to Average Family Income
Physical facilities Lower Higher
Mean Interpretation Mean Interpretation
1. There is a concrete structured classroom 4.11 High 3.09 High
provided for the class.
2. The classroom has a good lighting facilities. 4.03 High 4.00 High
3. The classroom is well-ventilated. 3.50 High 3.45 High
4. Bright posters are posted on the walls. 3.83 High 4.01 High
5. Furniture (ex. Chairs, Cabinets, bookshelves, 4.09 High 3.93 High
broom box and tables) are arranged and
organized
6. The cleanliness of the classroom is maintained. 3.84 High 3.89 High
7. The classroom is spacious enough to cater large 4.20 High 4.27 Very High
number of students.
8. Classroom windows can be opened easily. 3.75 High 3.93 High
9. Bulletin boards are attractive and appealing. 3.84 High 3.95 High
10. The classroom is painted with a chid friendly 3.91 High 3.91 High
color.

Table 5 showed that female grouped obtained the highest mean score of 84.26 while the

male obtained 81.55, both were verbally interpreted as satisfactory. Low income grouped has

highest mean of 83.32 while 83.11 for thr high income group interpreted as “ satisfactory”. A

study by Walker and Berthelsen (2009) affirmed that boys always exhibit a negative approach on

learning.
 It can be deduced that the Academic Performance of the students of RTMNHS was

generally satisfactory. This implies that the academic performance of the student-respondents is

greatly influenced by their gender. A studyof Ismail and Awang (2009) indicated that girls in

Malaysia and Singapore achieved significantly higher scores than boys in Mathematics and

Science subjects and that gender differences in academic achievements became more apparent at

secondary level and their perception to their learning environment. While Shah, Atta and

Querishi (2012), found out that family’s economic status has most significant influence on

student learning.

Table 5
Physical facilities and It’s Relationship on the Academic Performance of the Students on
the “Level of Academic Performance”
Variable Category Mean Interpretation
Sex Male 81.55 Satisfactory
Female 84.26 Satisfactory
Average Family Lower 83.32 Satisfactory
Income
higher 83.11 Satisfactory

Overall Mean 83.17 Satisfactory

Table 6 show the characteristics of the computed Z-value to determine the significant

difference in level of learning on the physical facilities when grouped according to sex.

Result revealed that there is a “significant difference” between the physical facilities and

its relationship to the academic performance of the students when they are grouped according to

sex.

The computed Z-value is 3.297 which is above the tabular value of 1.96 with a p-value of

0.001 at 0.005 level of significance.

 This implies that both male and female grouped do have the same perception of their

learning environment . the classroom environment has a powerful influence on learning, and

children’s perceptions of their environment regardless of their age, sex and socio-economic

status influence their behaviour. (Greenwood, 2009)

Table 6
Significant Difference on the Level of Physical Facilities and It’s Relationship to the
Academic Performance of the students When grouped according to “Sex”.
Category Mean Z p-value Interpretation
Physical Male 3.77 3.117 .002 Significant
Facilities
Female 4.00

Significant Difference on the Level of Physical Facilities and It’s Relationship to the

Academic Performance of the students When grouped according to “Average Monthly

Income”.

It is shown on the table 7 that there is no significant difference in the level of physical

facilities and It’s Relationship to the Academic Performance of the students When grouped

according to “Average Monthly Income”.

The Z and p-value in the physical facilities obtained an interpretation of “not ignificant”

and thus, it can be said that there is “no significant difference’ existed in the level of learning

when they are grouped according to average family income.

This implies that the respondents socio-economic status does not influence their perception on

their learning environment. While Shah, Atta and Querishi (2012), found out that family’s

economic status has most significant influence on student learning.

 Significant Difference on the Level of Physical Environment and It’s Relationship to
the Academic Performance of the students When grouped according to “Average Monthly
Income”.
Category Mean Z p-value Interpretation
Physical Low 3.91 0.35 .972 Not
Facilities Significant
High 3.91

Relational Analyses between the Physical Facilities and the Academic Performance of the

Students.

Statistics revealed that the physical environment and the academic performance of the

students show relationship.

The computed Pearson r value was 0.715 which was interpreted as “high correlation”.

Thus, it can be said that there is a “significant relationship” that exist between the physical

environment and the academic performance of the students. It means that the physical

environment affects the student’s performance.

The computed p-value using SPSS is 0.042 which is lower than 0.05 interpreted as “there

is a significant relationship”. School and teacher factor has a relationship on student’s academic

achievement.( International Journal of Business Mangement, 2009)

Relationship between the Physical Facilities and the Academic Performance of the
Students.
Variable r p-value Interpretation

Physical Facilities 0.715 0.042 Significant

Academic

Performance
Conclusions

Based from the foregoing findings, the conclusions that were arrived at are as follows:

From the findings of the study researcher concluded that respondents have high level

perception of their learning environment. With regards to sex, again female group is far more

than the male group. With their average family’s income, it can be observed that most of the

respondents came from a low income family.

The level of learning when group according to variables was at high level. It means that

the students regardless of the vriabls are satisfied with the physical facilities.

The academic performance of the respondents were satisfactory. It can be concluded that

the students performed fairly in their academic performance.

There were significant difference on the learning environment when grouped according

to age and average monthly income. It can be concluded that these affect the perceptions of the

respondents.

Physical Facilities has a significant relationship on the academic performance of the

students.
 REFERENCES

Books

Calderon, Jose F. Methods of Research and Thesis Writing. Mandaluyong City: Cacho
Hermanos, Inc. 2012

Salandanan, Gloria G. Teacher Education Journal. Quezon City: Katha Publishing Company Inc.
2010

Journals/Magazines

Ferrell, Amanda, Ed.D., 2012 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, pages 95 513755

http://gradworks.umi.com /35/13/3513755.html

Habibollah, Rohani A., Tengku, A., Jammaludin, S., and Kumar, V. 2009.
Creativity, Age and Gender as Predictors of Academic achievement Among Undergraduate
Students. University of Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.
Journal of American Science

Ambrose et. Al, (2010). How Learning Works: Seven Research-Based Principles for Smart
Teaching. San Francisco, CA; Jossey-Bass

Kamaruddin, R. Zainal, N. And Aminuddin, Z. “ The Quality of Learning Environment and

Academic Performance from a Student’s Perception April2009
http://www.ccnet.org/journal/index.php/ijbm/article/viewFile/1208/117International Journal of
Business Management.
http://edsource.org/2013/studyimprovedventilationinclassroomscould-reduce-student-
absences/33221 Meredith Adams 2013
Shah, M., Atta, A., Qureshi, M., & Shah, H., (2012). Impact of Socio Economic Status (SES) of
Family on the Academic Achievements of Students. Gomal University Journal of research,
http://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1588&content=etd
Villa, W. W. M. 2009. Promoting Study Habits Among Learners for Educational Achievements.
The Modern Teacher Vol. LVIII No. 1, p. 26
 Appendix A

Letter asking permission for the adaptation of the Standardized

Questionnaire

October 01, 2018

BENEDICTE FRANCE P. DULMAN

RT Malingin NHS-SHS Coordinator

Brgy. Malingin, Bago City

Negros Occidental, 6101

Dear Madam,

I will be conducting a survey on the Physical Facilities of Ramon Torres

Malingin National High School, Grade 9 and 10 Agricultural Crop Production
students in relation to their academic performance. I would like to ask your
permission to adapt your Standardized Questionnaire as a material to gather
data needed in my study.

I am hoping for your kind response.

Thank you and God bless us all.

Respectfully yours,

ROSA MAY D. POLANA

Researcher

Noted by:

GIOVANNI SOLIBIO
Adviser
 Appendix B

Questionnaire on the Physical facilities and It’s Relationship on the Academic

Performance of the students.

Part I. Personal Information

Name: _______________________________________________________

Age: ______________ Sex: ____________

Family Monthly Income: ____________________

Part II. Questionnaire Proper

Please answer the questionnaire with your utmost sincerity and honesty. Whatever
information you had written in this form will be kept highly confidential and will not be revealed
to anybody.

Direction: Kindly encircle the number that corresponds to your answer. Please do not
leave any item unanswered.

Number Code Interpretation

5 Very High Level

4 High Level

3 Moderate Level

2 Low Level

1 Very Low Level

Physical Environment Remarks

1. There is a concrete structured

classroom provided for the class. 5 4 3 2 1

2. The classroom has a good lighting facilities. 5 4 3 2 1

3. The classroom is well-ventilated. 5 4 3 2 1

4. Bright posters are posted on the walls. 5 4 3 2 1

5. Furniture (ex. Chairs, Cabinets, bookshelves,

broom box and tables) are arranged and organized 5 4 3 2 1

6. The cleanliness of the classroom is maintained. 5 4 3 2 1

7. The classroom is spacious enough to cater

large number of students. 5 4 3 2 1

8. Classroom windows can be opened easily. 5 4 3 2 1

9. Bulletin boards are attractive and appealing. 5 4 3 2 1

10. The classroom is painted with a chid friendly color. 5 4 3 2 1