International Journal of Innovative Studies in Sciences and Engineering Technology
(IJISSET)
ISSN 2455-4863 (Online) www.ijisset.org Volume: 3 Issue: 4 | April 2017
Arduino Based Moving Radar System
1Prof.Dr. Kadam D.B. , 2Mr.Patil YuvrJ B., 2Mr.Chougale Krishnat V., 2Mr.Perdeshi Swagat S.
1Associate Professor and H.O.D, Dept. of E&TC, Engg, P.V.P.I.T Budhgaon, Sangli (India)
2UG Student, Dept. Of E&TC, Engg, P.V.P.I.T Budhgaon, Sangli (India)
Abstract: RADAR is an object detection system which that is target is detected then echo pulse sense. With
uses radio waves to determine the range, altitude and the help of this echo pulse arduino program find out
direction of objects. The radar transmits pulses of radio the distance and direction angle of the target. At this
waves or microwaves which bounce off any object in condition Siren is trigger and sends the SMS to the
their path. Arduino is a single-board microcontroller to colonel.
make using electronics in multidisciplinary projects more A SIM300 GSM modem is interfaced to the controller
accessible. This project aims at making a RADAR that is for sending message. The beauty of the project is it
efficient, cheaper and reflects all the possible techniques saves the target data and moves the camera in the
that a radar consists of. target direction. Furthermore, this project can be
Ultrasonic sensor transmits the signal in all direction enhanced by using a laser gun. When the target is
and if any obstacle that is target is detected then echo detected then at this proper direction gun is fired.
pulse sense. Arduino co ntroller and ultrasonic sensor is the base of
this project.
The beauty of the project is it saves the target data and
moves the camera in the target direction. Furthermore, With the help of RF receiver arduino receives the data
this project can be enhanced by using a laser gun. When from user android phone and moves this whole radar
the target is detected then at this proper direction gun is system forward, backward, left and right. Therefore
fired. Arduino controller and ultrasonic sensor is the base user can shift the radar at the place of required.
of this project
2. LITERATURE SURVEY
Keywords: GSM, Ultrasonic sensor, Arduino, Servo The idea about Army, Navy and the Air Force make use
motor of this technology. The use of such technology has been
1. INTRODUCTION seen recently in the self parking car systems launched
by AUDI, FORD etc. And even the upcoming driverless
RADAR is an object detection system which uses radio cars by Google like Prius and Lexus. The project made
waves to determine the range, altitude, direction, or by us can be used in any systems the customer may
speed of objects. Radar systems come in a variety of want to use like in a car, a bicycle or anything else. The
sizes and have different performance specifications. A use of Arduino [1] in the project provides even more
radar system is the heart of a missile guidance system. flexibility of usage of the above-said module according
Small portable radar systems that can be maintained to the requirements.
and operated by one person are available as well as
The idea of making an Ultrasonic RADAR came as a part
systems that occupy several large rooms. Radar was
of a study carried out on the working and mechanism
secretly developed by several nations before and
of “Automobiles of Future”. Also, being students of ECE,
during the World War II. The term RADAR itself, not
we have always been curious about the latest ongoing
the actual development, was coined in 1940 by United
technology in the world like Arduino, Raspberry Pi,
States Navy as an acronym for Radio Detection and
Beagle-Bone boards etc. An hence this time we were
Ranging.
able to get a hold of one of the Arduino boards, Arduino
The project works on the principle of radar echo effect UNO R3. So, knowing about the power and vast
of the transmitting signal. Arduino control the servo processing capabilities of the Arduino, we thought of
motor for the direction of ultrasonic sensor and it making it big and a day to day application specific
moves from 0 degree to 180 degree. Ultrasonic sensor module that can be used and configured easily at any
transmits the signal in all direction and if any obstacle place and by anyone.
© 2017, IJISSET Page 23
International Journal of Innovative Studies in Sciences and Engineering Technology
(IJISSET)
ISSN 2455-4863 (Online) www.ijisset.org Volume: 3 Issue: 4 | April 2017
3. METHODOLOGY SMS using SIM900 module which is interfaced to the
Arduino. The beauty of the project is camera
Arduino program controls the all interfaced devices.
application. If object is detected then camera move in
For moving the radar we have robotics setup. WI-FI is
the object direction with the help of another servo
connected to arduino serially. Arduino controls the
motor.
motors clockwise and anti-clockwise by giving signal to
the motor driver IC (L293D IC). User sends the FLOWCHART
command by mobile to the WI-FI and gives this
command to the arduino. Arduino program compaire
this code with the predefined code. If it is match then
program gives digital signal to motor driver IC and
perform the required operation like left, right, forward
and backward.
Arduino control the servo motor in angle between 0 to
180 degree. On this servo motor we are putting
ultrasonic sensor which is connected to the arduino
board. Ultrasonic sensor work on the trigger and echo
pulse. As per object distance it will generate echo pulse.
If object is having less distance than threshold distance
saved in program then program will find out the angle
of servo motor. In next operation \distance data and
angle data is send to the predefined mobile number in
SMS using SIM900 module which is interfaced to the
Arduino. The beauty of the project is camera
application. If object is detected then camera move in
the object direction with the help of another servo 5. COMPONENTS REQUIRED
motor. 1]ARDUINO
4. WORKING The Arduino microcontroller is an easy to use
yet powerful single board computer that has
Arduino program controls the all interfaced devices.
gained considerable traction in the hobby and
For moving the radar we have robotics setup. WI-FI is
professional market.
connected to arduino serially. Arduino controls the
motors clockwise and anti-clockwise by giving signal to The Arduino is open-source, which means
the motor driver IC (L293D IC). User sends the hardware is reasonably priced and
command by mobile to the WI-FI and gives this development software is free.
command to the arduino. Arduino program compaire
TABLE I ARDUINO SPECIFICATIONS Microcontroller
this code with the predefined code. If it is match then
ATmega328
program gives digital signal to motor driver IC and
perform the required operation like left, right, forward [1] Operating Voltage 5V
and backward.
[2]Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V
Arduino control the servo motor in angle between 0 to
[3] Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V
180 degree. On this servo motor we are putting
ultrasonic sensor which is connected to the arduino [4] Digital I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide PWM
board. Ultrasonic sensor work on the trigger and echo output)
pulse. [5] Analog Input Pins 6
As per object distance it will generate echo pulse. If [6] DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA
object is having less distance than threshold distance
saved in program then program will find out the angle [7] DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA
of servo motor. In next operation distance data and [8] Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega328) of which 0.5 KB
angle data is send to the predefined mobile number in used by bootloader
© 2017, IJISSET Page 24
International Journal of Innovative Studies in Sciences and Engineering Technology
(IJISSET)
ISSN 2455-4863 (Online) www.ijisset.org Volume: 3 Issue: 4 | April 2017
[9] SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328) basis of fundamental operating principle, but uses
servomechanism to achieve closed loop control with a
[10] EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328)
generic open loop motor. Servomotors are used in
[11] Clock Speed 16 MHz applications such as robotics, CNC machinery or
2] ULTRASONIC TRANSMITTER AND RECIVER automated manufacturing.
Ultrasonic sensors (also known as
transceivers) work on a principle similar to
radar or sonar which evaluate attributes of a
target by interpreting the echoes from radio or
sound waves respectively.
Ultrasonic sensors generate high frequency
sound waves and evaluate the echo which is
received back by the sensor.
5] GSM MODEM
A GSM modem is a specialized type of modem
which accepts a SIM card, and operates over a
subscription to a mobile operator, just like a
mobile phone
FEATURES From the mobile operator perspective, a GSM
Use for motion or distance sensing modem looks just like a mobile phone.
Frequency: 40kHz ±1.0kHz When a GSM modem is connected to a
computer, this allows the computer to use the
Aluminum case
GSM modem to communicate over the mobile
Capacitance: 2000Pf ±20% network.
Transmitter: bandwidth 5.0kHz/100Db, sound
pressure level
112Db/40 ±1.0kHz
3] MOTOR driver L293D
L293D is a dual H-bridge motor driver
integrated circuit (IC).
Motor drivers act as current amplifiers since
they take a low-current control signal and
provide a higher-current signal.
6] LCD
This higher current signal is used to drive the
motors. Most common LCDs connected to the
microcontrollers are 16x2 and 20x2 displays.
4] SERVO MOTOR
This means 16 characters per line by 2 lines
A servomotor is a rotary actuator that allows for
and 20 characters per line by 2 lines,
precise control of angular position, velocity and
respectively.
acceleration. It consists of a suitable motor coupled to a
sensor for position feedback. It also requires a The standard is referred to as HD44780U,
relatively sophisticated controller, often a dedicated which refers to the controller chip which
module designed specifically for use with servomotors. receives data from an external source (and
Servomotors are not a different class of motor, on the communicates directly with the LCD.
© 2017, IJISSET Page 25
International Journal of Innovative Studies in Sciences and Engineering Technology
(IJISSET)
ISSN 2455-4863 (Online) www.ijisset.org Volume: 3 Issue: 4 | April 2017
editor and are saved with the file extension.ino. The
editor has feature for cutting/ pasting and for
searching/replacing text. The message area gives
feedback while saving and exporting and also displays
error.
6. APPLICATION
1.Air Force
ARDUINO SOFTWARE(IDE) 2.Naval Application
The Arduino is an open source electronics platform 3.Applications in Army
based on easy to use hardware and software. The open
REFERANCES
source Arduino software(IDE) makes it easy to write
code and upload it to the board. It runs on Windows, [1] www.arduinoproducts.com
Mac OS X and Linux..The environment is written in java [2] www.atmel.com/atmega328
and based on processing and other open source
software. This software can be used with any Arduino [3] www.wikipedia.org
board. [4] Book of Alan G.Smith-Introduction to Arduino
The Arduino software IDE contains a text editor for [5] Reference book of Getting Started With Arduino
writing code, a message area, a text console, a toolbar By Massimo Banzi
with buttons for common function. It connect to
Arduino and Genuino hardware t+o upload programs [6] www.realworldsensor.com
and communicate with them. [7] Fundamentals of Radar signal processing-M.A.
Program written using Arduino software(IDE) are
called sketches. This sketches are written in the text
© 2017, IJISSET Page 26
