Safety Qu. & Ans.

Akbar Ali Ch. Burewala Punjab Pakistan

Current City jubail KSA

ARAMCO & Sabic Safety Solution for better future

 SAFETY Def. Safety is a common séance look think and done, Take care yourself
and an others. Safety is freedom from doe’s condition accurse while near case
Loss of property.

SAFETY full form

(i). Stay Alert For Every Task You do. (ii). Safety Always First Entry through You.

Safety Elements: POPMRA (P):Policy (O):Organization (P):Planning

(M):Measuring Performance (R):Review (A):Audit

PPE,s: Personal Protective Equipments, that equipments protect the human body
from hazards. Here are two types of PPE, s

(i) Basic PPE, s: That PPE, s is must for plant entrance or on work site is called
basic PPE, s Exp. Hard Helmet, Cover All, Safety Shoes and Safety Glass.
(ii) Special PPE,s: That PPE,s need according to the job are called special PPE,s
Exp. Ear plugs or Ear muffs, Working gloves/leather gloves/rubber gloves,
Safety goggles, Full body harness, Face shield, Dust mask, Welding hood,
Welding jacket, Sand blasting hood, Life line etc.

1. What is the fire?

Ans. A chemical reaction is called fire. It will become with three elements fuel
heat and oxygen.

2. What is flashpoint?
Ans. Lowest temperature at which vapor above a flammable liquid can be
ignite

3. How many types of ladder?

Ans. Straight ladder, Moving ladder, Fix ladder, Monkey ladder.

4. What is the ladder ratio?

 Ans. Inside of the scaffolding is 90 degree; outside of the scaffolding is 75
degree.

5. What is the assembly area?

Ans. In emergency time all people evacuate there working place & March
towards open yard where mentioned sign board of assembly area.

6. What is the MSDS?

Ans. MSDS is a form that summarizes the properties of a hazardous chemical
product and its possible health and safety hazards. It includes information how
to handle, use, and store the product properly. It also haves details physical
data, melting and boiling points, reactivity, health effects and first aid.

7. What is the GFCI?

Ans. Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter is detects the leakage of current. If
current leakage will be more than 5 mille impair then it will trip.

8. What is Emergency?
Ans. Quick and immediate action should be taken to prevent any thing which
is in dangerous situation is called emergency.

9. Which Direction goes in emergency?

Ans. Opposite to wind direction must go in emergency.

10. What is JSA?

Ans. JSA, Job Safety Analysis is a method that can be used to identify,
analyze and record, steps involved in performing a specific job (i).potential
safety and health hazards associated with each step. (ii) The recommended
action or procedure that will reduce these hazards and risks of a workplace.

11. How many types of hazards?

 Ans. (i).Fire Hazards (ii).Tripping Hazards (iii).Crane Hazards (iv).Electric
Hazards (v).Gas leak Hazards (vi).Radio Grapy Hazards, etc

12. What is near miss?

Ans. Any event which had potential to cause injury/damage but which was
avoided by circumstances

13. What is incident?

Ans. Any event which results in damage or loss is called incident.

14. What is Accident?

Ans. Any event which results is injury and damage or loss is called
accident.

15. What is the Hazard?

Ans. Object, physical effect, or a condition with potential to harm persons,
property or environment.

16. What is the Risk?

Ans. Measures of likelihood of an undesirable event and of potentially
adverse consequences is called Risk.

17. What is Risk Assessment?

Ans. Risk assessment is the process of identification, evaluation, and
Estimation of the levels of risks involved in a situation.

18. What is work permit?

Ans. Work permit is a written record that authorizes an employee with a
specific work, at a specific location, for a specific period of time.

19. What are the Safety Officer responsibilities?

 Ans. Daily site visit, Checked work permit, Tool box meeting, Check PPE,s,
Check equipment checklist, Operator license, House Keeping, Barricade,
Sign board, ID, Tools, If unsafe condition inform to area supervisor and
safety department.

20. What is anti block device?

Ans. A safety toe weight attached up side the crane hock.

21. What are the types of gas and chemical entrance in human body?
Ans. (i). Inhalation (ii).Ingestion. (iii). Injection. (iv). Absorption

22. What is WMS?

Ans. Work Method Statement is Document record which given to the
Contractor from the client for easy and safe work.

23. PASS?
Ans.(i). Pull the pin. (ii). Aim at the base. (iii). Squeeze the handle.
(iv).Sweep side by side.

24. What are MCP and its function?

Ans. Manual Call Point that is safety device used during emergency.

25. What are the physical Hazards?

Ans. (i). Work with high voltage. (ii). Loose surface conditions. (iii). Wet
Surface condition. (iv). Vibration. (v). Fast moving equipments.
(vi).Radiation. (vii). Noise. (viii). Heat.

26. What are the chemical hazards?

Ans. (i). Chemical dust. (ii). Chemical Fumes. (iii). Chemical
incompatibility. (iii).Chemical not storage. (iv). Pressurized containers.

27. What are the Psychological Hazards?

 Ans. (i). Violation on the work place. (ii). Work alone. (iii). Poor leadership.
(iv). No Procedures. (v).No Shift work.

28. What are the Biological Hazards?

Ans. (i). Bacteria. (ii). Virus. (iii). Fungi. (iv). Anthrax. (v). Drugs.
(vi).Human waste. (iv). Animal Waste.

29. What are the classes of fire?

Class A. Combustible material as wood, paper, cloth etc
Class B. Flammable liquid, gases, oil, paint and grease etc
Class C. Fire is those which involve Electricity.
Class D. Fire is those which involve combustible metals such as
magnesium, sodium
Class K. Fire in the kitchen during the cooking in the kitchen.

30. What is first aid?

Ans. First aid is the immediate care given to victims of an accident or
illness before qualified medical assistance arrives.

31. What is color coding system?

Ans. Monthly inspection to ensure serviceability of tools. Which tools will
Be serviceable put the color of particular month and which are not
serviceable remove from service.

32. What is a hydro test?

Ans. It is the leakage or breakage test of pipes & equipments by filling
water with some pressure.

33. How many types of Accidents on construction area?

Ans. (i). Fatality case. (ii). Last work day case. (iii). Restricted work case.
(iv). Medical treatment case (v). First aid case. (vi). Near miss incident
34. What are the Fumes?
Ans. Finely particulate solids which are created by condensation from a
vapor are called fumes.

35. What are the gases?

Ans. Gas is the formless chemical which occupies the area in which it is
enclosed. There are many toxic gases used in industry, such as chlorine.

36. What is Mist?

Ans. Finely suspended droplets formed by condensation from a gas or the
atomizing of a liquid is called mist

37. What is safety inspection?

Visual identification of hazards which can be hazardous for health safety
And environment.

38. What is safety audit?

Ans. An audit is more in-depth review of entire program or a process to
Determine the overall effectiveness which can reduce the risk of future
injury.

39. What is Accident investigation?

Ans. To find out root cause of the accident and make recommendation
Prevent reoccurrence valued the risk of emergency preparedness.

40. What is manual handling?

Ans. Any type of load lifting or supporting by manual hands and body or
force is called manual handling.

41. What is LOTO & Types of LOTO?

Ans. Lock Out Tag Out,
Def. Lock out by the lock and chain, Tag out by the warning or precautions
 tag. The purpose of the isolation, lockout, and use of hold tag process is to
prevent injury or loss from the release of stored energy.

Types of LOTO
(i). Mechanical (ii).Electrical (iii).Hydraulic (iv).Process pipe lines

GAS CYLINDERS SAFETY

1. What is the safety of storage compressed gas slanders?

Ans.(i) use cylinder racks for storage.
(ii). store cylinders in an upright, secured position.
(iii). Store O2 cylinders separated from fuel gas cylinders 20 feet away or 5
feet high.
(iv). Keep cylinders away from direct flame, sunlight, and other heat
sources.
(v). Do not store cylinders at temperatures exceeding 54 ͦC.
(vi). Proper identify empty and full cylinders.
(vii). All cylinders shall be properly labeled.
(viii). Keep the valves closed on empty cylinders.

2. What is the safety of moving compressed gas slanders?

Ans. (i). Use trolley, material baskets.
(ii). Secure with chain.
(iii). Protective caps on cylinders.
(iv). Upright position.
(v). Do not strike cylinders together.

3. What is the safety of using compressed gas cylinders?

Ans. (i) Inspect cylinders for safe condition and position before use.
(ii). Use pressure reducing regulators with check valve.
(iii). close the valve before attempting to stop leaks.
 (iv). Do not use oil or grease on valves.
(v). Protect cylinders from direct flame, sunlight, and other heat sources.
(vi). Inspect all gauges, regulators, hoses, and cylinders, not to damage.
(vii). Use flash back arrestors at O2, Acetylene cylinder regulators.

CONFINED SPACE SAFETY

1. What is the confined space?

Ans. Any space that enclosed with limited access or egress which makes it
dangerous is called confined space.

2. What is the minimum and maximum acceptable level of oxygen in confined

space?
Ans. The Oxygen level in confined space is 19.5 To 23.5

3. What are the hazards in confined space?

Ans. Oxygen deficiency, Presence toxic or flammable gasses, welding,
grinding, chemical cleaning, fall of material, fall of hazards, gas leak, dust,
sound, heat or cold.

4. What are the precautions of confined space?

Ans. Confined space entry permit, work permit, confined space gas sheet,
confined space log sheet, required gas test, ventilation, sufficient lighting 24
volts, stand by man, air horn, torch, communication, barricade, warning sign
board.

5. What are the examples of confined spaces?

Ans. Pipe, vessels, tanks, boiler, tube areas, silos, trenches, and excavation
deeper than 1.2 meter (4 feet)
 SCAFFOLDING SAFETY

1. What is scaffolding?
Ans. Scaffolding is a temporary elevated platform which is build by worker
for men and material to work.

2. How many types of scaffolding?

Ans. (i).Frame scaffolding (ii).Mobile (iii).tower (iv).Hanging (v).Independent
(vi).system scaffolding (vii).Bracket scaffolding (cup lock, bird cage, tube and
coupler wedge connection, and roster connection scaffolding).

3. What are the details in a scaffold tag?

Ans. Location, Maximum loading capacity, in m2 or psf, Date erected and
date inspected with foreman’s name and signature.

4. In which condition a scaffold cannot be erected?

Ans. Permit not available, certified workers and supervisor are not available,
ground not stable extreme weather problem (strong wind, rain, ice). Safe
clearance (minimum 10 feet) can’t be maintained with live wire.

5. What is the height of the top rail from the platform?

Ans. 38 to 45 inches

6. What is the minimum height of a toe board?

Ans. 4 inches

7. What is the minimum width required for a walk way?

Ans. Minimum width of a walk way is 18’’
8. How many types of Fall Protection system?
Ans. (i). Guard rail system. (ii). Safety net system.
(iii). Personal fall arrest system (Body Harness)

9. What is a life line?

Ans. A rope or web suitable for supporting one person, to which a lanyard or
safety harness attached, is called life line.
Minimum loading capacity of life line is 50000 pounds (2268 kg).

CRANE SAFETY

1. What is the crane?

Ans. A big machine with a long arm that is used by builders for lifting and
moving heavy things is called crane.

2. How many types of crane?

Ans. Mobile crane, crawler crane, tower crane, over head crane, gentry’s
crane

3. What are the crane hazards?

Ans. Sudden moving, over load, bad signal, under the boom, unqualified
crane operator or rigger, fall down, damage sling, un proper grounding level,
excessive speed, work near power lines, no boom angle indicator, nor using
outriggers.

4. What are the crane precautions lifting?

Ans. Plant entry permit, Work permit, lifting plan, load chart, inspection list,
operator’s License, Rigger’s TUV, Proper PPE, s, Fire extinguisher with each
crane, don’t stay under the boom, sign board, barricade, qualified crane
operator & rigger, grounding level, full extend out rigger, do not over load,
hooks inspected, correct pin use in shackles, good sling, tie tagline with load,
 Allowable distance from power lines, boom angle indicator, use outriggers full
extended.

5. How many types of rigger level?

Ans. Three types of rigger level
(i).Any type of rigging-----Rigger I
(ii).Up to 40 tons-----------Rigger II
(iii).Up to 10 tons----------Rigger III

6. How many types of sling?

Ans. Wire rope sling, web sling, eye bolt sling

7. Who inspect the slings?

Ans. A competent person such as a rigging supervisor inspect the slings.

8. What is L.M.I.?
Ans. Load moment indicator.

9. What is L.R.I.?
Ans. Load radius indicator.

10. What is tandem lift?

Ans. A lift in which two crane are used for lifting is called tandem lift or
Tailing.

11. What is SWL and its formula?

Ans. Safe Working Load is the maximum load that can be applied to the lifting
safely.

Formula: SWL= manufacturers given strength

Safety facture
12. How much wind speeds stop the lifting job?
Ans. 32 km/ph or (20 m/ph)

13. What is the lifting plan?

Ans. It is the document prepared for planning a critical lift by calculating and
considering all factors which is going to effect the lift and there by selecting
the correct tools and cranes and ensure the safe lifting procedure to be
followed for the particular lift, giving details such as the size and weight of
the object to the lifted, which crane is used for lifting and what the safety
factor is, where the crane is positioned, from where the load is lifted, where
it is fitted, size and SWL of each lifting tools used JSA and load-chart are
attached with it.

FIRE EXTINGUISHER

1. How many types of fire extinguisher?

Ans. Here are five types of fire extinguisher.

Type of extinguisher___ Fire Classes___ Color of extinguisher

(i). Water------------------------------- A& k-------------------------- Red

(ii).Foam----------------------------------B-----------------------------Cream

(iii).Dry Chemical Powder---------A.C.D&K------ ----------------Blue

(iv).CO2------------------------------A.B.C.D&K-----------------------Black

(v).HMCP------------------------------B.C&D--------------------------Green
 EXCAVATION SAFETY

1. What is the excavation?

Ans. A man made cut cavity trench or depression formed by earth removal is
called excavation.

2. How many type of excavation?

Ans. Two types of excavation.(i).Manual excavation (ii).Mechanical
Excavation.

3. What is the trench?

Ans. A narrow excavation where the depth is greater than width is called
trench.

4. What is shoring?
Ans. A structure that supports the sides of an excavation and protects against
cave-ins

5. What are the Types or classes of soil and its slope degree for excavation?
Ans. Type A Soils: Unconfined compressive strength of 1.5 tsf or greater
Type B Soils: Unconfined compressive strength of 0.5 tsf but less than
1.5 tsf
Type C Soils: Unconfined compressive strength of 0.5 tsf or less.

Excavation Slope
Stable rock: vertical 90 Degree slope
Type A Soil: 53 Degree slope
Type B Soil: 45 Degree Slope
Type C Soil: 34 Degree slope

6. What are excavation hazards?

 Ans. (i). Soil Collapse. (ii). Falling Hazards. (iii). Oxygen Deficiency. (iv).
Underground utility. (v). Water Accumulation.

7. What are the precaution of excavation?

Ans. (i).Shoring, Benching, Sloping (Soil A.53 degree, B.45, C.34, Rock 90
degree Soil, Sheet Filling (Deep Excavation). (ii). Hard Barricades, sign Boards.
(iii). Gas Test. (iv).Cable Detection. (v). De Watering
(vi). Make free access, stress with hand rail and 45 degree slope.

8. What is last time injury (LTI) and rate or formula?

Ans. Any work related injury or illness which prevents that person from doing
any work day after accident.

Frequency Rate or LTI Formula= Total number of disabling injury × 1000000

Total number of men × hours/weeks

Probability= No. of accidents resulting in serious injury

Total number of accident

Severity Rate= Total number of days lost×1000

Total number of man ×hours worked

Risk= Frequency (likelihood) ×Severity

RAM: Risk Assessment Matrix. RAM=Probability × severity

 HOT WORK SAFETY

1. What is hot work?

Ans. Any process that can be source of ignition or choice of Spark is called hot
work. Welding, Cutting, Grinding is hot work.

2. What are the hazards of hot work?

Ans. Fire, injury, cable damage, shock, etc

3. What are the precautions of hot work?

Ans. Hot work permit, Basic PPE,s & face shield, welding jacket, Certified fire
watch man, Remove combustible material from the area, Cover the area with
fire blanket, fire extinguisher on 10 meter distance, Water hose with turn up
water, grounding rod, check welding torch, flash back arrestor,

4. What is the difference between check valve and flash back arrestor?
Ans. A check valve allows flow in one direction only, Flash back arrestor
prevents oxygen reaching in acetylene cylinder and acetylene reaching in
oxygen cylinder in the event of torch blockage.

5. What are the site requirements?

Ans. Ambulance, first aid box, water station, eye wash station, smoke shelter,
rest shelter.

ELECTRICAL SAFETY

1. What is Hypo-test?
 Ans. It is the insulation leakage test done for high Electrical cables, with high
voltage merger.

2. What is meager test?

Ans. For Electric tools insulation break down test is known as meager test.

3. What are electrical hazards?

Ans.(i). Electric shock
(ii). Burns (iii). Arc Blast (iv). Fire (v). Explosion

4. What are electrical safety precautions?

Ans.(i). Get work permit where required.
(ii). No cable in passage ways.
(iii). All cable joints insulated.
(iv). Use circuit breaker.
(v). Use plug for socket.
(vi). Earthling.
(vii). Do not over load electric circuits.
(vii). Call Electrician for Electricity related job.
(viii). Switch off Electrical machines before leaving your office/work site.

RADIATION SAFETY
1. What is radiation?
Ans. Def. Passing protons through the object and captured radiographic
images of internal Parts of object are called radiation.

2. What are radiation safety precautions?

Ans. (i).Valid Radiation permits. (ii). calculate the area. (iii). barricade the area
with yellow black warning tape. (iv). Evacuate the area. (v). Blinking lights. (vi).
Sign boards. (vii). Only authorized workers Engaged. (viii). under a radiation
supervisor. (ix). Dose rate not to exceed to 7.5 msv. (Millimeter device
voltage).

H2S (Hydrogen Sulfide) SAFETY

1. Definition-what does hydrogen sulfide mean?

Ans. Hydrogen sulfide is a colorless gas known for its rotten egg smell. It is
extremely flammable and highly toxic gas.

2. Characters or Symptoms of H2S?

Ans. Highly flammable, colorless, Heavier than air.

3. What are the H2S Hazards?

Ans. Eye irritation, fluid in the Lungs, Headache, Sore throat, Loss of Smell
Power, vomiting, Death, Fire explosion etc.

4. What are the H2S safety precautions?

Ans. Gas test, H2S detector with every crew, use respirator, in more
dangerous areas use breathing apparatus, use air mover in confined space.

Akbar Ali Ch Burewala Punjab Pakistan Free Human Services (Pray For me Friends)