22. POLITICAL SCIENCE (Code No.

028)
(2019-20)
Rationale
At the senior secondary level, students who opt Political Science are given an
opportunity to get introduced to the diverse concerns of a Political Scientist. At this level,
there is a need to enable students to engage with political processes that surround them
and provide them with an understanding of the historical context that has shaped the
present. The different courses introduce the students to the various streams of the
discipline of Political Science: Political Theory, Indian Politics and International Politics.
Concerns of the other two streams - Comparative Politics and Public Administration- are
accommodated at different places in these courses. In introducing these streams,
special care has been taken not to burden the students with the current jargon of the
discipline. The basic idea here is to lay the foundations for a serious engagement with
the discipline at the under graduation stage.

Objectives:
Indian Constitution at Work

Enable students to understand the historical processes and the circumstances in

which the Constitution was drafted.
Provide opportunity for students to become familiar with the diverse visions that
guided the makers of the Indian Constitution.
Enable students to identify certain key features of the Constitution and
compare these to other constitutions in the world.
Analyse the ways in which the provisions of the Constitution have worked in real
political life.

Political Theory
Develop the skills for logical reasoning and abstraction.
Inculcate attention to and respect for viewpoints other than one's own.
Introduce students to the different political thinkers in relation to a concept and in
everyday social life.
Enable students to meaningfully participate in and develop internal concerns of the
political life that surrounds them.
Encourage the students to analyse any unexamined prejudices that one may have
inherited.

Contemporary World Politics

Enable the students to expand their horizons beyond India and make sense of the
political map of contemporary world.
Familiarise the students with some of the key political events and processes in the
post cold war era.
Equip students to be conscious of the way in which global events and processes
shape our everyday lives.
Strengthen their capacity for political analysis by thinking of contemporary
developments in a historical perspective.
Politics in India after Independence
Enable students to become familiar with some of the key political events and figures
in the post-independence period.
Develop skills of political analysis through an understanding of events and
processes of recent history.
Develop their capacity to link macro processes with micro situations and their own
life.
Encourage the students to take a historical perspective of making sense of
contemporary India
 POLITICAL SCIENCE (028)
Class XI (2019-20)
Total Marks = 100(80+20)

A.Theory Max Marks: 80

Time: 3 hrs.
Units Periods: 220 Marks : 80
Part A: Indian Constitution at work
Constitution : Why and How, Philosophy of
1 the Constitution, Constitution as a living 26
document 10+6=16
2 Rights and Duties in the Indian Constitution 18
3 Election and Representation 11 8
4 The Executive 11
5 The legislature 11 8
6 The judiciary 11
7 Federalism 11 8
8 Local Governments 11
Total 110 40
Part B: Political Theory
9 Political Theory: An Introduction 10
8
10 Freedom 11
11 Equality 11
Justice with special reference to Social 8
12 12
Justice
13 Rights 11
8
14 Citizenship 11
15 Nationalism 11
8
16 Secularism 11
17 Peace 11
8
18 Development 11
Total 110 40

B. Project Work: 20 Marks

Grand Total = 100
Marks
 COURSE CONTENT
Part A: Indian Constitution at Work

1. Constitution Why and How and Philosophy of the Constitution 26 Periods

Constitution: Why and How, The making of the Constitution, the Constituent
Assembly, Procedural achievements and Philosophy of the Constitution.
Constitution as a Living Document
Are Constitutions static? The procedure to amend the Constitution. Why have there been
so many amendments? Basic Structure and Evolution of the Constitution. Constitution as
a Living Document.

2. Rights and Duties in the Indian Constitution 18 Periods

The importance of Rights, Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution,
Directive Principles of State Policy, Relationship between Fundamental Rights and and
Directive Principles
3. Election and Representation 11 Periods
Elections and Democracy, Election System in India, Reservation of Constituencies,
Free and Fair Elections, Electoral Reforms.
4. Legislature 11 Periods
Why do we need a Parliament? Two Houses of Parliament. Functions and Power of the
Parliament, Legislative functions, control over Executive. Parliamentary committees. Self-
regulation.
5. Executive 11 Periods
What is an Executive? Different Types of Executive. Parliamentary Executive in
India, Prime Minister and Council of Ministers. Permanent Executive: Bureaucracy.
6. Judiciary 11 Periods
Why do we need an Independent Judiciary? Structure of the Judiciary, Judicial Activism,
Judiciary and Rights, Judiciary and Parliament
7. Federalism 11 Periods
What is Federalism? Federalism in the Indian Constitution, Federalism with a
strong Central Government, conflicts in India's federal system, Special Provisions

8. Local Governments 11 Periods

Why do we need Local Governments? Growth of Local Government in India, 73rd
and 74th Amendments, implementation of 73rd and 74th Amendments

Part B: Political Theory

9. Political Theory: An Introduction 10 Periods

What is Politics? What do we study in Political Theory? Putting Political Theory to
practice.
Why should we study Political Theory?
 10. Freedom 11 Periods
The Ideal of Freedom. What is Freedom? Why do we need constraints? Harm
principle. Negative and Positive Liberty
11. Equality 11 Periods
Significance of Equality. What is Equality? Various dimensions of Equality. How
can we promote Equality?
12. Justice with special reference to Social Justice 12 Periods
What is Justice? Just Distribution. Justice as fairness. Pursuing Social Justice.

13. Rights 11 Periods

What are Rights? Where do Rights come from? Legal Rights and the State. Kinds of
Rights.
Rights and Responsibilities.

14. Citizenship 11 Periods

What is citizenship? Citizen and Nation, Universal Citizenship, Global Citizenship

15. Nationalism 11 Periods

Nations and Nationalism, National Self-determination, Nationalism and Pluralism

16. Secularism 11 Periods

What is Secularism? What is Secular State? The Western and the Indian approaches
to Secularism. Criticisms and Rationale of Indian Secularism.

17. Peace 11 Periods

What is Peace? Can violence ever promote peace? Peace and the State. Different
Approaches to the pursuit of peace. Contemporary challenges to peace.

18. Development 11 Periods

What is development? Dominant, development Model and alternative
conceptions of development.

Prescribed Books:
1. Indian Constitution at work, Class XI, Published by NCERT
2. Political Theory, Class XI, Published by NCERT

Note: The above textbooks are also available in Hindi and Urdu versions.
 Question Paper Design(2019-20)
POLITICAL SCIENCE CODE NO. 028 CLASS XI
TIME: 3 Hours Max . Marks : 80
S. Typology of Learning Very Very Short Long Map Long Marks
No Questions Outcome Short Short Answer Answer Ques. Answer
s& Answer( Answer( (4 (5 Picture II
Testing 1 Mark) 2 Marks) Marks) Marks) Based (6
Skills based inter- Marks)
on pretation
Passage (5
Marks)
1 Remembering
-
(Knowledge
based Simple
recall
(questions, to
know specific
6 1 1 1 18
facts, terms,
concepts,
principles, or
theories,
Identify, define
,or recite,
information)
2 Understandin
g-
(Comprehensi
on – to be
Reasonin
familiar with
g
meaning and
Analytical
to understand
Skills 2 1 1 1 17
conceptually,
Critical
interpret,
thinking
compare,
contrast,
explain,
paraphrase
information)
3 Application(U
se abstract
information in
concrete
situation, to
apply
knowledge to 7 1 1 1 20
new situations;
Use given
content to
interpret a
situation,
provide an
 example, or
solve a
problem)
4 High Order
Thinking
Skills(Analysis
& Synthesis-
Classify,
compare,
contrast, or
differentiate
between
different pieces
of information; 4 1 1 1 15
Organize
and/or
integrate
unique pieces
of information
from a variety
of
sources)(includ
es Map
interpretation)
5 Evaluation –
(Appraise,
judge, and/or
justify the
value or worth 1 1 1 10
of a decision or
outcome, or to
predict
outcomes)
Total 1x20=20 2x3=6 4x4=16 5x3=15 5x1=5 6x3=18 80

1) Weightage of Difficulty Level

Estimated difficulty level Percentage
Difficult 20%
Average 50%
Easy 30%
 2) Project Work: 20 Marks

Details of Project Work

1. The Project work will be implemented in class XI from the session i.e. 2019-20.
2. Out of 20 marks, 10 marks are to be allotted to viva voce and 10 marks for
project work.
3. For class XI, only internal assessment is to be done.
4. The project can be individual/pair/group of 4-5 each. The Project can be made
on any of the topics given in the syllabus of a particular class.
5. The suggestive list of activities for project work is as follows:-
- - Role Play, Skit, Presentation, Model, Field Survey, Mock Drills/Mock Event
etc.
6. The teacher should give enough time for preparation of the Project Work. The
topics for Project Work taken up by the student must be discussed by the teacher
in classroom

5. Scheme of Options:
There is internal choice for long answer questions of 6 marks.
There are three passage - based questions of 5 marks each. No questions
from plus (+) boxes.

6. In order to assess different mental abilities of learners, question paper is likely

to include questions based on passages, visuals such as maps, cartoons, etc. No
factual question will be asked on the information given in the plus (+) boxes in the
textbooks.
 POLITICAL SCIENCE (Code No. 028)
Class XII (2019-20)
Total Marks = 100(80+20)

A.Theory Max Marks: 80

Time: 3 hrs.

Units Periods Marks

Part A: Contemporary World Politics
1 Cold War Era 14 12
2 The End of bipolarity 13
3 US Hegemony in World Politics 13 12
4 Alternative centres of power 11
5 Contemporary South Asia 13
6 International Organizations 13 8
7 Security in Contemporary World 11
8 Environment and Natural Resources 11 8
9 Globalization 11
Total 110 40
Part B: Politics in India since Independence
10 Challenges of Nation Building 13 12
11 Er of One-Party Dominance 12
12 Politics of Planned Development 11
13 India’s External relations 13 6
14 Challenges to the Congress System 13 10
15 Crisis of the Democatitic Order 13
16 Rise of Popular Movements 11 12
17 Regional aspirations 11
18 Recent Developments in Indian Politics 13
Total 110 40

B. Project Work 20 Marks

Grand Total - 100 Marks
 COURSE CONTENTS

Part A: Contemporary World Politics

1 Cold War Era
Emergence of two power blocs after the second world war.
Arenas of the cold war. 14
Challenges to Bipolarity: Non Aligned Movement, quest for new Periods
international economic order.
India and the cold war.
2. The End of Bipolarity
New entities in world politics: Russia, Balkan states and Central
Asian states.
13
Introduction of democratic politics and capitalism in post-
Periods
communist regimes. India’s relations with Russia and other
post-communist countries.

3 US Hegemony in World Politics

Growth of unilateralism: Afghanistan, first Gulf War, response to 13
9/11 and attack on Iraq. Periods
Dominance and challenge to the US in economy and ideology.
India’s renegotiation of its relationship with USA.
4 Alternative Centres of Power
Rise of China as an economic power in post-Mao era, creation 11
and expansion of European Union, ASEAN. India’s changing Periods
relations with China.
5 Contemporary South Asia in the Post-Cold War Era
Democratisation in Pakistan and Nepal. Ethnic conflict in Sri
13
Lanka, Impact of economic globalization on the region.
Periods
Conflicts and efforts for peace in South Asia. India’s relation
with its neighbours.
6 International Organizations
Restructuring and the future of the UN. India’s position in the
13
restructured UN. Rise of new international actors: new
Periods
international economic organizations, NGOs. How democratic
and accountable are the new institutions of global governance?
7 Security in Contemporary World
Traditional concerns of security and politics of disarmament.
11
Non-traditional or human security: global poverty, health and
Periods
education.
Issues of human rights and migration.
8 Environment and Natural Resources
Environment movement and evolution of global environmental
11
norms. Conflicts over traditional and common property
Periods
resources. Rights of indigenous people. India’s stand in global
environmental debates.
9 Globalization 11
Economic, cultural and political manifestations. Debates on the Periods
 nature of consequences of globalization. Anti-globalization
movements. India as an arena of globalization and struggle
against it.
Part B: Politics in India since Independence
10 Challenges of Nation-Building
Nehru’s approach to nation-building; Legacy of partition:
13
challenge of ‘refugee’ resettlement, the Kashmir problem.
Periods
Organization and reorganization of states; Political conflicts over
language.
11 Era of One-Party Dominance
First three general elections, nature of Congress dominance at 12
the national level, uneven dominance at the state level, Periods
coalitional nature of Congress. Major opposition parties.
12 Politics of Planned Development
Five year plans, expansion of state sector and the rise of new 11
economic interests. Famine and suspension of five year plans. Periods
Green Revolution and its political fallouts.
13 India’s External Relations
Nehru’s foreign policy. Sino-Indian war of 1962, Indo-Pak war of 13
1965 and 1971. India’s nuclear programme. Shifting alliance in Periods
world politics.
14 Challenges to the Congress System
Political succession after Nehru. Non-Congressism and 13
electoral upset of 1967, Congress split and reconstitution, Periods
Congress’ victory in 1971 elections, politics of ‘garibi hatao’
15 Crisis of the Democratic Order
Search for ‘committed’ bureaucracy and judiciary. Navnirman
movement in Gujarat and the Bihar movement. Emergency: 13
context, constitutional and extra-constitutional dimensions, Periods
resistance to emergency. 1977 elections and the formation of
Janata Party. Rise of civil liberties organizations.
16 Popular Movements in India
Farmers’ movements, Women’s movement, Environment and 11
Development-affected people’s movements. Implementation of Periods
Mandal Commission report and its aftermath.
17 Regional Aspirations
Rise of regional parties. Punjab crisis and the anti-Sikh riots of 11
1984. The Kashmir situation. Challenges and responses in the Periods
North East.
18 Recent Developments in Indian Politics
Participatory upsurge in 1990s. rise of the JD and the BJP.
Increasing role of regional parties and coalition politics.
Coalition governments: 13
NDA (1998-2004) Periods
UPA (2004-2014)
NDS (2014 onwards)
Prescribed Books:
1. Contemporary World Politics, Class XII, Published by NCERT
2. Politics in India since Independence, Class XII, Published by NCERT

Note: The above textbooks are also available in Hindi and Urdu versions.
The weightage or the distribution of marks over the different dimensions paper shall
be as follows:-

1. Weightage of Content

Units Periods Marks

Part A : Contemporary World Politics
1 Cold War Era 14
12
2 The End of bipolarity 13
3 US Hegemony in World Politics 13
4 Alternative centres of Power 11 12
5 Contemporary South Asia 13
6 International Organizations 13
8
7 Security in Contemporary World 11
8 Environment and Natural Resource 11
8
9 Globalization 11
Total 110 40
Part B: Politics in India since Independence
10 Challenges of Nation-Building 13
11 Era of One-party Dominance 12 12
12 Politics of Planned Development 11
13 India’s External relations 13 6
14 Challenges to the Congress System 13
10
15 Crisis of the Democratic Order 13
16 Rise of Popular Movements 11
17 Regional aspirations 11
12
18 Recent Developments in Indian
13
Politics
Total 110 40

2. Weightage of Difficulty Level

Estimated difficulty level Percentage

Difficult 20%
Average 50%
Easy 30%

3. Scheme of Options:
There is internal choice for long answer questions. Map question has
choice only with another map.
There are three passage-based or picture-based Questions.
 4. Project Work: 20 Marks

Details of Project Work

1. The Project work will be implemented in class XII from the session ie 2019-20.
2. Out of 20 marks, 10 marks are to be allotted to viva voce and 10 marks for project
work.
3. For class XII, the evaluation for 20 marks project work should be done jointly by the
internal as well as the external examiner.
4.The project can be individual/pair/group of 4-5 each. The Project can be made on
any of the topics given in the syllabus of a particular class.
5. The suggestive list of activities for project work is as follows:-
- Role Play, Skit, Presentation, Model, Field Survey, Mock Drills/Mock Event etc.
6.The teacher should give enough time for preparation of the Project Work. The topics
for Project Work taken up by the student must be discussed by the teacher in
classroom.

5. In order to assess different mental abilities of learners, question paper is likely to

include questions based on passages, visuals such as maps, cartoons, etc. No
factual question will be asked on the information given in the plus(+) boxes in the
textbooks.
 Question Paper Design(2019-20)
POLITICAL SCIENCE CODE NO. 028 CLASS XII
TIME: 3 Hours Max . Marks : 80
S. Typology of Learning Very Very Short Long Map Long Marks
No Questions Outcomes Short Short Answer Answer Ques. Answer
& Testing Answer Answer (4 (5 Picture II
Skills (1 Mark) (2 Marks) Marks) Based (6
Marks) based inter- Marks)
on pretation
Passage (5
Marks)
1 Remembering
-
(Knowledge
based Simple
recall
(questions, to
know specific
6 1 1 1 18
facts, terms,
concepts,
principles, or
theories,
Identify, define
,or recite,
information)
2 Understandin
g-
(Comprehensi
on – to be Reasonin
familiar with g
meaning and Analytical
to understand Skills
2 1 1 1 17
conceptually, Critical
interpret, thinking
compare,
contrast,
explain,
paraphrase
information)
3 Application(U
se abstract
information in
concrete
situation, to
apply
7 1 1 1 20
knowledge to
new situations;
Use given
content to
interpret a
situation,
 provide an
example, or
solve a
problem)
4 High Order
Thinking
Skills(Analysis
& Synthesis-
Classify,
compare,
contrast, or
differentiate
between
different pieces
of information; 4 1 1 1 15
Organize
and/or
integrate
unique pieces
of information
from a variety
of
sources)(includ
es Map
interpretation)
5 Evaluation –
(Appraise,
judge, and/or
justify the
value or worth 1 1 1 10
of a decision or
outcome, or to
predict
outcomes)
Total 1x20=20 2x3=6 4x4=16 5x3=15 5x1=5 6x3=18 80