Liceul “Stefan Procopiu” Vaslui

LUCRARE DE ATESTAT
LIMBA ENGLEZA

Chetran Stefan Vladut

Clasa a XII-a
Filologie
Bilingv: Limba engleza
Profesor coordinator: Mandrea Teodora

2019

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 CONTENTS

Chapter I
-Major current marques.
Aston Martin ( 1913-present )……………………………………………...3
Bentley( 1919-present )………………………………………………………..4
Jaguar (1935-present )………………………………………………………….5
Land Rover ( 1948-present )………………………………………………….6
Lotus ( 1952-present)……………………………………………………………7
Mini ( 1959-present )…………………………………………………………….8
Rolls-Royce ( 1904-present)………………………………………………….9
Vauxhall (1903-present )………………………………………………………10
Chapter II
-some manufacturers
Axon ( 2005-present)…………………………………………………………….12
BMW UK ( 2000-present )……………………………………………………..13
Caterham ( 1973-present )…………………………………………………….14
David Brown (2013-present )………………………………………………..15
Eagle E-Types ( 2013-present )………………………………………………16
Ginetta (1957-present )…………………………………………………………17
Jaguar Land Rover (2013-present)…………………………………………18
Keating (2008-present )…………………………………………………………19
Liste (1954-1959; 1986-2006; 2013-present)…………………………20
McLaren (1969–1970; 1993–1998; 2005–present)………………..21

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 Aston Martin
(1913-present)
Aston Martin Lagonda Global Holdings plc is a British independent manufacturer of luxury
sports cars and grand tourers. It was founded in 1913 by Lionel Martin and Robert Bamford.
Steered from 1947 by David Brown, it became associated with expensive grand touring cars in
the 1950s and 1960s, and with the fictional character James Bond following his use of a DB5
model in the 1964 film Goldfinger. Their sports cars are regarded as a British cultural icon.
Aston Martin has held a Royal Warrant as purveyor of motorcars to the Prince of Wales since
1982.[5] It has over 150 car dealerships in over 50 countries on six continents, making them a
global automobile brand. The company is traded at the London Stock Exchange and is a
constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.

Headquarters and main production site are in Gaydon, Warwickshire, England, alongside one of
Jaguar Land Rover’s development centres on the site of a former RAF V Bomber airbase. One of
Aston Martin’s recent cars was named after the 1950s Avro Vulcan bomber. Aston Martin has
announced plans to turn itself into a global luxury brand, and is increasingly branching out into
projects including speed boats, bicycles, clothing and real estate development, even submarines
and aircraft, mostly on a licensing basis

Aston Martin had a troubled history after the third quarter of

the 20th century but has also enjoyed long periods of success
and stability. “In the first century we went bankrupt seven
times”, incoming CEO Andy Palmer told Automotive News
Europe. “The second century is about making sure that is
not the case.

Founding
Aston Martin had a troubled history after the third quarter of the 20th century but has also enjoyed long
periods of success and stability. “In the first century we went bankrupt seven times”, incoming CEO
Andy Palmer told Automotive News Europe. “The second century is about making sure that is not the
case.
Aston Martin was founded in 1913 by Lionel Martin and Robert Bamford. The two had joined forces as
Bamford & Martin the previous year to sell cars made by Singer from premises in Callow Street, London
where they also serviced GWK and Calthorpe vehicles. Martin raced specials at Aston Hill near Aston
Clinton, and the pair decided to make their own vehicles. The first car to be named Aston Martin was
created by Martin by fitting a four-cylinder Coventry-Simplex engine to the chassis of a 1908 Isotta
Fraschini.

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 Bentley
(1919-present)
Bentley Motors Limited (/ˈbɛntli/) is a British manufacturer and marketer of luxury cars and
SUVs—and a subsidiary of the Volkswagen Group since 1998.[14]
Headquartered in Crewe, England, the company was founded as Bentley Motors Limited by W.
O. Bentley in 1919 in Cricklewood, North London—and became widely known for winning the
24 Hours of Le Mans in 1924, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, and 2003.
Prominent models extend from the historic sports-racing Bentley 4½ Litre and Bentley Speed
Six; the more recent Bentley R Type Continental, Bentley Turbo R, and Bentley Arnage; to its
current model line—including the Continental Flying Spur, Continental GT, Bentley Bentayga
and the Mulsanne—which are marketed worldwide, with China as its largest market as of
November 2012.
Today most Bentleys are assembled at the company’s Crewe factory, with a small number
assembled at Volkswagen’s Dresden factory, Germany,[16] and with bodies for the Continental
manufactured in Zwickau and for the Bentayga manufactured at the Volkswagen Bratislava
Plant.
The joining and eventual separation of Bentley and Rolls-Royce followed a series of mergers and
acquisitions, beginning with the 1931 purchase by Rolls-Royce of Bentley, then in receivership.
In 1971, Rolls-Royce itself was forced into receivership and the UK government 4pecializes4 the
company—splitting into two companies the aerospace division (Rolls-Royce Plc) and
automotive (Rolls-Royce Motors Limited) divisions—the latter retaining the Bentley
subdivision. Rolls-Royce Motors was subsequently sold to engineering conglomerate, Vickers
and in 1998, Vickers sold Rolls-Royce to Volkswagen AG.

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 Jaguar
(1935-present)
Jaguar is the luxury vehicle brand of Jaguar Land Rover, a British multinational car
manufacturer with its headquarters in Whitley, Coventry, England. Jaguar Cars was the company
that was responsible for the production of Jaguar cars until its operations were fully merged with
those of Land Rover to form Jaguar Land Rover on 1 January 2013.
Jaguar’s business was founded as the Swallow Sidecar Company in 1922, originally making
motorcycle sidecars before developing bodies for passenger cars. Under the ownership of S. S.
Cars Limited the business extended to complete cars made in association with Standard Motor
Co, many bearing Jaguar as a model name. The company’s name was changed from S. S. Cars to
Jaguar Cars in 1945. A merger with the British Motor Corporation followed in 1966, the
resulting enlarged company now being renamed as British Motor Holdings , which in 1968
merged with Leyland Motor Corporation and became British Leyland, itself to be 5pecializes5 in
1975.
Jaguar was spun off from British
Leyland and was listed on the London
Stock Exchange in 1984, becoming a
constituent of the FTSE 100 Index until
it was acquired by Ford in 1990. Jaguar
has, in recent years, manufactured cars
for the British Prime Minister, the most
recent delivery being an XJ in May
2010. The company also holds royal
warrants from Queen Elizabeth II and
Prince Charles.

In 1990 Ford acquired Jaguar Cars and it remained in their ownership, joined in 2000 by Land
Rover, till 2008. Ford then sold both Jaguar and Land Rover to Tata Motors. Tata created Jaguar
Land Rover as a subsidiary holding company. At operating company level, in 2013 Jaguar Cars
was merged with Land Rover to form Jaguar Land Rover Limited as the single design,
manufacture, sales company and brand owner for both Jaguar and Land Rover vehicles.

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 Land Rover
(1948-present)

Land Rover is a luxury car brand that 6pecializes in four-wheel-drive vehicles, owned by British
multinational car manufacturer Jaguar Land Rover, which has been owned by India’s Tata
Motors since 2008.[4] The Land Rover is regarded as a British icon, and was granted a Royal
Warrant by King George VI in 1951.[5][6]
The Land Rover name was originally used by the Rover Company for the Land Rover Series,
launched in 1948. It developed into a brand encompassing a range of four-wheel-drive models,
including the Defender, Discovery, Freelander, Range Rover, Range Rover Sport, and Range
Rover Evoque.
Land Rovers are currently assembled in England, India, China, and other markets.
The design for the original vehicle was started in 1947 by Maurice Wilks. It was simply called Land
Rover (the terms “Series” and “Defender”
are retroactive and only introduced in the
1990s). Wilks, chief designer at the
Rover Company, on his farm in
Newborough, Anglesey, working in
conjunction with his brother Spencer
who was the managing director of Rover.
The design may have been influenced by
the Jeep and the prototype, later
nicknamed Centre Steer, was built on a
Jeep chassis and axles. The early choice of colour was dictated by military surplus supplies of
aircraft cockpit paint, so early vehicles only came in various shades of light green; all models
until recently feature sturdy box section ladder-frame chassis. Early vehicles like the Series I
were field-tested at Long Bennington and designed to be field-serviced.
Land Rover as a company has existed since 1978. Prior to this, it was a product line of the Rover
Company which was subsequently absorbed into the Rover-Triumph division of the British
Leyland Motor Corporation (BL) following Leyland Motor Corporation’s takeover of Rover in
1967. The ongoing commercial success of the original Land Rover series models, and latterly the
Range Rover in the 1970s in the midst of BL’s well-documented business troubles prompted the
establishment of a separate Land Rover company but still under the BL umbrella, remaining part
of the subsequent Rover Group in 1988, under the ownership of British Aerospace after the
remains of British Leyland were broken up and privatised.

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 Lotus
(1952-present)

Lotus Cars is a British automotive company that manufactures sports cars and racing cars in its
headquarters in Hethel, United Kingdom. Lotus cars include the Esprit, Elan, Europa, Elise,
Exige and Evora sports cars and it had motor racing success with Team Lotus in Formula One.
Lotus Cars are based at the former site of RAF Hethel, a World War II airfield in Norfolk. The
company designs and builds race and production automobiles of light weight and fine handling
characteristics. It also owns the engineering consultancy firm Lotus Engineering, which has
facilities in the United Kingdom, United States, China, and Malaysia.

Lotus was previously owned by DRB-HICOM through its subsidiary Proton, which acquired it
following the bankruptcy of former owner Romano Artioli in 1996.

On 24 May 2017, Geely announced that it will take a 51% controlling stake in Lotus and thus
became the owner of the automobile manufacturer. The remaining 49% were acquired by Etika
Automotive.

The company was formed as Lotus Engineering Ltd. By engineers Colin Chapman and Colin
Dare, both graduates of University College, London, in 1952, but had earlier origins in 1948
when Chapman built his first racing car in a garage. The four letters in the middle of the logo
stand for the initials of company founder, Anthony Colin Bruce Chapman. When the logo was
created, Colin Chapman’s original partners Michael and Nigel Allen were led to believe that the
letters stood for Colin Chapman and the Allen Brothers.[citation needed][clarification needed]

The first factory was situated in old stables behind the Railway Hotel in Hornsey, North London.
Team Lotus, which was split off from Lotus Engineering in 1954, was active and competitive in
Formula One racing from 1958 to 1994. The Lotus Group of Companies was formed in 1959.
This was made up of Lotus Cars Limited and Lotus Components Limited, which focused on road
cars and customer competition car production, respectively. Lotus Components Limited became
Lotus Racing Limited in 1971 but the newly renamed entity ceased operation in the same year.
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 Mini
(1959-present)

Mini (8tylized as MINI) is a British automotive marque, owned by BMW since 2000, and used
by them for a range of small cars. The word Mini has been used in car model names since 1959,
and in 1969 it became a marque in its own right when the name “Mini” replaced the separate
“Austin Mini” and “Morris Mini” car model names. BMW
acquired the marque in 1994 when it bought Rover Group
(formerly British Leyland), which owned Mini, among other
brands.

The original Mini was a line of British small cars manufactured by

the British Motor Corporation, and its successors. Their models
included the Morris Mini-Minor and the Austin Seven, the
Countryman, Moke, 1275GT and Clubman. Performance versions
of these models used the name Cooper, due to a partnership with
racing legend John Cooper. The original two-door Mini continued
in production until 2000. Development of a successor began in
1995 and the new generation car was launched in 2001. The current
Mini range includes the Hardtop/Hatch/Convertible (three-door
hatchback), Clubman (estate), Countryman (five-door crossover),
Coupe/Roadster and Paceman (three-door crossover based on the
Countryman).

The Mini was originally a product of the British Motor Corporation, which in 1966 became part
of British Motor Holdings. British Motor Holdings merged with Leyland Motors in 1968 to form
British Leyland. In the 1980s, British Leyland was broken-up and in 1988 Rover Group,
including Mini, was acquired by British Aerospace. In 1994, Rover Group was acquired by
BMW. In 2000, Rover Group was broken up by BMW, with BMW retaining the Mini brand.

The Mini Hatch/Hardtop, Clubman, Coupe and Roadster are assembled at BMW’s Plant Oxford
in Cowley, England. The Mini Convertible and Countryman are assembled at VDL Nedcar in
Born (Netherlands), the Mini Hatch/Hardtop is also assembled here besides the Oxford plant.[9]
The Paceman was till 2016 assembled by Magna Steyr in Austria.[10] A total of 301,526 Mini
vehicles were sold worldwide in 2012. Mini vehicles have been active in rallying and the Mini
Cooper S won the Monte Carlo Rally on three occasions, in 1964, 1965 and 1967. Mini has
participated in the World Rally Championship since 2011 through the Prodrive WRC Team.

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 Rolls-Royce
(1904-present)
This is a list of Rolls-Royce branded motor cars and includes vehicles manufactured by:Rolls-
Royce Limited (1906–1973)

Rolls-Royce Motors (1973–2003), which was created as a result of the demerger of Rolls-Royce
Limited in 1973. Vickers plc owned Rolls-Royce Motors between 1980 and 1998. Volkswagen
AG acquired Rolls-Royce Motors in 1998 and renamed the firm Bentley Motors Limited in
2003. Bentley Motors Limited is the direct successor of Rolls-Royce Motors and its predecessor
entities and owns historical Rolls-Royce assets such as the Crewe factory, pre-2003 vehicle
designs and the L Series V8 engine.

Rolls-Royce Motor Cars, a subsidiary of BMW AG established in 1998 that began production of
vehicles in 2003.

Rolls-Royce Limited vehicles

1904–06 10 hp

1905–05 15 hp

1905–08 20 hp

1905–07 30 hp

1905–06 V-8

1906–25 40/50 Silver Ghost

1922–29 Twenty

1925–29 40/50 Phantom

1929–36 20/25

1929–35 Phantom II

1936–38 25/30

1936–39 Phantom III

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 Vauxhall
(1903-present)
Vauxhall Motors Limited is a British car brand, which is a fully owned subsidiary of German car
manufacturer Opel, which in turn is owned by Groupe PSA of France (parent of Peugeot, Citroën
and DS). Vauxhall’s vehicle lineup is identical to that of its parent, Opel, but the Vauxhall brand
is exclusively used in the United Kingdom and Isle of Man. Vauxhall is one of the oldest
established vehicle manufacturers and distribution companies in the United Kingdom. Its
headquarters are in Park Town, Luton, Bedfordshire, England.

Vauxhall sells passenger cars and light commercial vehicles under the Vauxhall marque; and
used to sell vans, buses and trucks under the Bedford Vehicles brand. Vauxhall has been the
second-largest-selling car brand in the UK for more than two decades.

Vauxhall was founded by Alexander Wilson in 1857 as a pump and marine engine manufacturer.
It was bought in 1863 by Andrew Betts Brown who began producing travelling cranes. It was he
who named it Vauxhall Iron Works. It began manufacturing cars in 1903. It was acquired by
American automaker General Motors (GM) in 1925. Bedford Vehicles was established as a
subsidiary of Vauxhall in 1930 to manufacture commercial vehicles.

Vauxhall was founded by Alexander Wilson in 1857 as a pump and marine engine
manufacturer. It was bought in 1863 by Andrew Betts Brown who began producing
travelling cranes. It was he who named it Vauxhall Iron Works.[10] It began
manufacturing cars in 1903. It was acquired by American automaker General Motors
(GM) in 1925. Bedford Vehicles was established as a subsidiary of Vauxhall in 1930 to
manufacture commercial vehicles.

Having been a luxury car brand before the Second World War, after the war Vauxhall
became increasingly mass-market. Since 1980, Vauxhall products have been largely
identical to those of Opel, and most models are principally engineered in Rüsselsheim,
Germany. During the 1980s the Vauxhall brand was withdrawn from sale in all countries
apart from the UK, the Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man. At various times during its
history, Vauxhall has been active in motorsports, including rallying and the British
Touring Car Championship. After 92 years under GM’s helm, Vauxhall was sold to
Groupe PSA in 2017.

Vauxhall has major manufacturing facilities in Luton (commercial vehicles, IBC

Vehicles) and Ellesmere Port, UK (passenger cars). The Luton plant employs around
900 staff and has a capacity of approximately 100,000 units. The Ellesmere Port plant
currently employs around 1,880 staff and has a theoretical (three-shift) capacity of
approximately 187,000 units.Vehicles manufactured in Opel factories in Germany,
Spain and Poland and sold in the UK are re-branded as Vauxhall.

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 Chapter II
Some manufacteurers

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 Axon
(2005-present)
Axon Automotive is a British car manufacturer and car components manufacturer based in
Northampton, Northamptonshire. The company is focused on design and material technologies.
Axon unveiled its 100 miles per imperial gallon (2.8 L/100 km; 83 mpg‑US) hatchback on 23
May 2008 at the Sexy Green Car Show at the Eden Project. The new car, which was expected to
be on sale in 2010, has a claimed CO2 emission rate of less than 80 g/km.

Axon has produced five composite vehicles ranging from 500kg R&D cars to OEM technology
demonstrators including a car body-in-white weighing 57kg and designed to fulfil EU crash
requirements.
Serial production of composites solutions is ruled by an
accurate production and delivery plan, where changes are
the exception.
The manufacturing process is precisely evaluated along the
value chain and cycle times created in order to meet the
production volume without nasty surprises.
R&D is at the heart of the work that Axon does. Developing
new technologies provides the opportunities for the future.

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 BMW UK
(2000-present)
The company was founded in 1916 and is headquartered in Munich, Bavaria. BMW produces
motor vehicles in Germany, Brazil, China, India, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the
United States. In 2015, BMW was the world's twelfth largest producer of motor vehicles, with
2,279,503 vehicles produced.[2] The Quandt family are long-term shareholders of the company,
with the remaining shares owned by public float.
Automobiles are marketed under the brands BMW (with sub-brands BMW M for performance
models and BMW i for plug-in electric cars), Mini and Rolls-Royce. Motorcycles are marketed
under the brand BMW Motorrad.
The company has significant motorsport history, especially in touring cars, Formula 1, sports
cars and the Isle of Man TT.
BMW's origins can be traced back to three separate
German companies: Rapp Motorenwerke, Bayerische
Flugzeugwerke, and Automobilwerk Eisenach. The
history of the name itself begins with Rapp
Motorenwerke, an aircraft engine manufacturer. In
April 1917, following the departure of the founder
Karl Friedrich Rapp, the company was renamed
Bayerische Motoren Werke (BMW). BMW's first
product was the BMW IIIa aircraft engine. The IIIa
engine was known for good fuel economy and high-
altitude performance. The resulting orders for IIIa engines from the German military caused
rapid expansion for BMW.
After the end of World War I in 1918, BMW was forced to cease aircraft engine production by
the terms of the Versailles Armistice Treaty. To remain in business, BMW produced farm
equipment, household items and railway brakes. In 1922, former major shareholder Camillo
Castiglioni purchased the rights to the name BMW, which led to the company descended from
Rapp Motorenwerke being renamed Süddeutsche Bremse AG (known today as Knorr-Bremse).
Castiglioni was also an investor in another aircraft company, called "Bayerische
Flugzeugwerke", which he renamed BMW.
The disused factory of Bayerische Flugzeugwerke was re-opened to produce engines for buses,
trucks, farm equipment and pumps, under the brand name BMW. BMW's corporate history
considers the founding date of Bayerische Flugzeugwerke (7 March 1916) to be the birth of the
company.

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 Caterham
(1973-present)
Caterham Cars is a British manufacturer of specialist lightweight sports cars established in
Caterham, Surrey, with their headquarters in Crawley, Sussex. Their current model, the
Caterham 7 (or Seven), originally launched in 1973, is a direct evolution of the Series 3 Lotus
Seven designed by Colin Chapman. In the 1990s the company made the Caterham 21, a two-
seater soft top alternative to the MGF and Lotus Elise, (which both sold many more units). A
track-only car, the SP/300.R, a joint project with Lola was released for customer testing in 2010
and was scheduled for release in 2013. On 27 April 2011, Team Lotus owner Tony Fernandes
announced that he had purchased Caterham.

As with its Lotus Seven precursors, Caterhams are constructed of aluminium sheet attached to a
tubular steel chassis. Nosecone and wings are either GRP or carbon fibre depending on
specification. All Sevens are front engined with rear-wheel drive and two seats. Their extremely
high performance is achieved through light weight (less than 500 kg (1,102 lb) on some versions)
rather than particularly powerful engines. As well as a lightweight chassis and bodywork,
Caterham Sevens achieve their very low mass through their lack of comfort and safety oriented
features such as a fixed roof, doors, radio, air-conditioning, airbags, traction/stability control,
ABS, satellite navigation or cruise control. As a result, the Seven is somewhat limited in its
practicality for everyday usage and is instead recognised by driving enthusiasts for its focus on
driving enjoyment, making it an ideal track/race car or 'Sunday' car.
Chapman and Lotus helped to pioneer the British kit car industry. The Lotus Seven was offered
in kit form to allow buyers to avoid new car tax in the UK. Subsequently, Caterham continued
offering cars in 'complete knock down' (CKD) kit form as the tradition of hand building your
own Seven was well established amongst enthusiasts. Today, all Caterham Sevens are still
offered in kit form in the UK except the CSR (Series 6) model. Modern Caterham kits differ
from the majority of kit cars as all parts are supplied ready to assemble, not requiring a donor
car, fabrication or any special skills.

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 David Brown
(2013-present)
David Brown Automotive is a British manufacturer of limited edition automobiles in Silverstone,
England, belonging to British businessman David Brown. The company began in Coventry in
2013 and moved to a new 18,000 sq ft dedicated build facility and headquarters in Silverstone in
April 2017.
The company announced Speedback GT, its first model, in March 2014 in London. The vehicle's
public debut was at the Top Marques show in Monaco on 17 April 2014. Despite sharing a
similar background in engineering, and the same name as previous owner of Aston Martin, there
is no family connection between the two companies.
Mini Remastered, a modern reinterpretation of a classic Mini, is the company's second model,
launched in Shoreditch, London on 6th April 2017.
The company showcased Speedback GT at the Geneva International Motor Show in 2017, and
again in 2018 alongside two examples of Mini Remastered and the newly-launched Speedback
Silverstone Edition.

Speedback GT is the first model announced by David Brown Automotive. Launched at the Top
Marques Show in Monaco in April 2014, it is a 1960's inspired Grand Tourer, coachbuilt using
the highly renowned Jaguar XK all-aluminium platform. The entire car is handcrafted using
traditional coachbuilding techniques over a period of 8,000 hours, with the aluminium panels
being individually hand-rolled on an English wheel. The price as of April 2018 is £520,000.00
GBP plus local taxes. The company proudly sources its production to British-based suppliers and
builds the cars at their new build facility in Silverstone, UK. The company has announced that
they will never produce more than 100 Speedback GTs.
Speedback GT was designed by former Jaguar Land Rover designer Alan Mobberley. The
bespoke body of each Speedback GT is produced using traditional coach building methods; the
aluminium body panels are hand beaten and then rolled over an english wheel. The bucks over
which the panels are beaten have been milled out using a 5-axis CNC milling machine from
CAD data, obtained from the full-size design clay model.
The powertrain is a 5.0-litre Jaguar AJ-V8 engine generating 510 bhp (380 kW; 517 PS) with a
six-speed ZF automatic transmission. It can accelerate 0 to 60 mph (0 to 97 km/h) in 4.6 seconds
with further performance upgrades available.

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 Eagle E-Type
(2013-present)
Every Standard and Enhanced E-Type we sell undergoes a rigorous programme of examination
and rectification. It is not unusual for us to spend over 750 hours preparing an E-Type that others
would claim as perfect.
Developed over 30 years, our world-renowned Eagle Upgrades can tailor your E-Type to your
precise requirements, offering unparalleled reliability, performance and usability.
Only an E-Type supplied by Eagle qualifies for our unique service and support programme,
protecting your investment to the highest possible standards.
Exclusively for E-Types purchased from Eagle, these upgrades have been carefully tailored into
a group of packages that will suit different uses and driving styles. Remember of course that you
have the option to specify a fully bespoke set of upgrades. We'll work with you and advise
throughout the whole process.

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 Ginetta
(1957-present)
Ginetta Cars is a British specialist builder of racing and sports cars based in Garforth, Leeds,
West Yorkshire.
Ginetta was founded in 1958 by four Walklett brothers (Bob,
Ivor, Trevers and Douglas) in Woodbridge, Suffolk. Their first
product, the Fairlight, was a glass-fibre body shell priced at £49
for fitting to a Ford 8 or 10 hp chassis. The first car, not destined
for production, which subsequently became known as the Ginetta
G1, was based on a pre-war Wolseley Hornet six.
The four Walklett brothers each had their areas of expertise. Bob
was the Managing Director, Douglas was the mechanical engineer and also handled the electrical
work, Ivor was the designer and Trevers was the stylist working closely with Ivor.
From their original base, the company moved to Witham, Essex, in 1962, and between 1972 and
1974 operated from larger premises in Ballingdon Street adjacent to the railway bridge Sudbury,
Suffolk, before returning to Witham. In 1988, the Walklett brothers needed bigger premises and
so moved the company to Scunthorpe where they could expand. On 7 November 1989, the
Walklett's sold Ginetta to an international group of enthusiasts, based in Sheffield and run by
managing director Martin Phaff. Ginetta was in a strong financial position at the time of its sale
and the Walklett's went on to retire.
Under the new managing director, Martin Phaff the company went on to produce the Ginetta
G20 and the Ginetta G33. Unfortunately, it was during this period that the company hit troubled
times.

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 Jaguar Land Rover
(2013-present)
Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLC is the holding company of Jaguar Land Rover Limited, a
British multinational automotive company with its headquarters in Whitley, Coventry, United
Kingdom, and a subsidiary of Indian automotive company Tata Motors. The principal activity of
Jaguar Land Rover Limited is the design, development, manufacture and sale of vehicles bearing
the Jaguar and Land Rover marques. Both marques have long and complex histories prior to their
merger – Jaguar going back to the 1930s and Land Rover to the 1940s – first coming together in
1968 as part of the ill-fated British Leyland conglomerate, later again independent of each other,
and then as subsidiaries of BMW (in the case of Land Rover), and Ford Motor Company
(Jaguar). Ford acquired Land Rover from BMW in 2000 following the break-up of the former
Rover Group, which was effectively the remainder of the British Leyland car producing
companies.
Jaguar Land Rover has been a subsidiary of Tata
Motors since they founded it for the acquisition of
Jaguar Cars Limited and Land Rover from Ford in
2008. On 1 January 2013 the operations of Jaguar
Cars Limited and Land Rover were merged as
Jaguar Land Rover Limited and the parent was
renamed to Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLC.
In March 2011, Jaguar Land Rover announced that
it would hire an additional 1,500 staff at its
Halewood plant, and signed over £2 billion of supply contracts with UK-based companies, to
enable production of its new Range Rover Evoque model. In September 2011, the company
confirmed that it would be investing £355 million in the construction of a new engine plant at the
i54 business park near Wolverhampton, central England, to manufacture a family of four-
cylinder petrol and diesel engines. In November 2011 Jaguar Land Rover announced that it
would be creating 1,000 new jobs at its Solihull plant, a 25 per cent increase in the size of the
workforce at the site.
In March 2012, Jaguar Land Rover announced the creation of 1,000 new jobs at its Halewood
plant, and a shift to 24-hour production at the plant. In the same month, Jaguar Land Rover and
the China-based carmaker Chery agreed to invest an initial US$2.78 billion in a new joint
venture, the activities of which would include the manufacture of Jaguar and Land Rover
vehicles and engines, the establishment of a research and development facility, the creation of a
new automobile marque, and sales of vehicles produced by the company.

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 Keating
(2008-present)
Keating Supercars is a low-volume kit car manufacturer based out of Bolton, England. They
made their debut in July 2006 with the launch of the TKR. They built four cars since its launch,
the SKR, TKR, ZKR and the Bolt. At the racing car show, Autosport International 2016, Keating
Supercars unveiled a road version of the Bolt to be sold in the US. Anthony Keating is the
founder and CEO of Keating Supercars and designer of the Keating SKR, TKR and ZKR.
Keating was born in Manchester, UK, and the road to Keating Supercars began with a course at
the Automobile Engineering institute at the University of Bolton, UK. Keating graduated with an
MBA in Business in 2012 and, together with students from the University of Bolton, hopes to
build and make the Keating Bolt, the world’s fastest production car, reaching more than 300
miles per hour. Keating Supercars plan to sell around 30 cars a year.
Keating Berus
The Berus was unveiled at the Top Marques Monaco
show in April 2017. Taking its name from the
venomous snake Vipera berus, with a host of impressive
features, the Berus comes in two versions. With an
alleged top speed of 230 mph+ and 0-60 mph in 2.4
seconds[citation needed]., the V8 Berus is the latest
addition to the Keating range. There is also the Electric
Berus available with 201 to 402 hp (150 to 300 kW) and
1,054 lb⋅ft of torque.
Keating Bolt
The Bolt launching in 2013, and designed to outperform supercar competition using high-tech
lightweight materials to reduce the power to weight ratio, but aiming to increase the car’s
performance figures to a top speed of 340 mph
Keating TKR
In 2008, The TKR was built primarily for competition and track use. It was soon followed by the
SKR, based on the TKR, but designed as a road car
Keating SKR
The Keating SKR high performance car received great acclaim at the British Motor Show in
2006
Keating ZKR
In April 2011 the Keating ZKR was unveiled at the "Monaco Top Marques show" held at the
Grimaldi Forum, Monaco. The ZKR is a sleek supercar which can reach 60 mph in 3.6 seconds
and can produce 650 hp (485 kW).

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 Lister
(1954-1959; 1986-2006; 2013-present)
The Lister Motor Company Ltd. is a British sports car manufacturer founded by Brian Lister in
1954 in Cambridge, England, which became known for its involvement in motorsport. Sold in
1986, Laurence Pearce produced variants of the Jaguar XJS before producing a bespoke sports
car, the Lister Storm. In 2013, Lister Cars was acquired by Lawrence Whittaker's company
Warrantywise. Production of the original sports car restarted in 2014 and ten continuation Lister
Jaguar Knobblys were built to celebrate Lister’s 60th Anniversary. In 2016, the company
announced the build and sale of the Lister Knobbly Stirling Moss. On 31 January 2018, the
Lister LFT-666 (previously called the Lister Thunder) based on the Jaguar F-Type was
announced.
Beginning in 1954, company manager and
racing driver Brian Lister brought out the
first in a series of sports cars from a
Cambridge iron works. Inspired by Cooper,
he used a tubular ladder chassis, de Dion
rear axle and inboard drum brakes. Like
others, he used a tuned MG engine and stock
gearbox. It made its debut at the British
Empire Trophy at Oulton Park in 1954, with
former MG driver Archie Scott Brown at the
wheel. Later, Lister swapped in a Moore-
tuned Bristol two-litre engine and knockoff wire wheels in place of the MG's discs to improve
performance. For the sports car race supporting the 1954 British Grand Prix at Silverstone, Scott
Brown won the two-litre class and placed fifth overall behind only works Aston Martins.
In 1955, a handful of Lister-Bristols were built with a new body built by an ex-Bristol employee
with the aid of a wind tunnel. Despite its new fins and strakes, it was less successful than the
original Lister-Bristol of 1954. Lister moved up to a six-cylinder motor from a Formula 2
Maserati A6GCS for their own car, while customers continued to receive the Bristol motor, sold
for ₤3900. Lister also attempted single-seater racing with a multi-tube chassis powered by a
Coventry-Climax motor and using an MG gearbox, but the car was a failure.
The Lister company returned in 1986 as Lister Cars Ltd. based in Leatherhead, Surrey, with
engineer Laurence Pearce tuning approximately 90 Jaguar XJSs and improving their top speed to
over 200 mph (322 km/h), with an asking price of over £100,000. Success at this endeavour led
the newly formed company to design a new sports car, the Lister Storm. Launched in 1993, it
would use the largest V12 engine ever fitted to a production car at that time, a 7.0 L unit derived
from the Jaguar XJR9. The Storm was later developed for motorsport in various guises, winning
the FIA GT Championship in 2000. Lister later developed a bespoke Le Mans Prototype, the
Storm LMP in 2003.

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 McLaren
(1969–1970; 1993–1998; 2005–present)
McLaren Automotive (formerly known as McLaren Cars) is a British automotive manufacturer
based at the McLaren Technology Centre in Woking, Surrey. The main products of the company
are sports cars, usually produced in-house at designated production facilities. In July 2017,
McLaren Automotive became a 100% owned subsidiary of the wider McLaren Group.

1969 2019

McLaren Automotive replaced McLaren Cars in 2010. McLaren Cars was founded in 1985[4] by
Bruce McLaren. The company went on to release the McLaren F1 in 1992. Between 1994 and
2010, McLaren Cars was registered as a 'dormant company', before the founding of McLaren
Automotive in 2010. The new company was originally separate from the existing McLaren
companies to enable investment in the new venture, but was brought together in July 2017 after
Dennis sold his shares in McLaren Automotive and McLaren Technology Group.
McLaren's Formula One founder Bruce McLaren was born in 1937. McLaren learned about cars
and engineering at his parent's service station and workshop in his hometown, Auckland, New
Zealand. By 15, he had entered a local hillclimb in an Austin 7 Ulster; winning his first race in
the car. In 1958, McLaren arrived in the United Kingdom with the ‘Driver to Europe’ scheme,
intended to help Australian and New Zealand racers to compete in Europe. His mentor, Jack
Brabham introduced him to Cooper Cars, a small team based in Surbiton, Surrey. Auspiciously
starting his Formula One career in 1958, McLaren joined the Formula One team a year later.
That same year, he won the US Grand Prix at age 22, making him the youngest Grand Prix
winner to that date. He stayed with Cooper for a further seven years, winning three more Grands
Prix and other races, driving for Jaguar and Aston Martin, & winning the 24 Hours of Le Mans
in 1966 with Ford.
fter his victories and time in the F3, McLaren was designing and testing a prototype M6GT-
registered OBH 500H, a light sports car with an estimated top speed of 165 mph and zero to 100
mph time of eight seconds. However, McLaren died in a car accident in 1970 before the
prototype could be completed.

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