Terminalia arjuna
for Smokers Health
What is Terminalia arjuna?
Terminalia arjuna (Combretaceae), commonly known as
Arjun and Arjuna was first described by Ayurvedic sage
Vagbhatta as a tonic and is in use in India for past 1500
years. Arjun has proved its position as a precious
herbal medicament creating a milestone in maintaining
the health of chronic smokers.
Smokers Health and Terminalia
arjuna
Smoking
✦ remains the leading cause of mortality in US
Some of the health problems (18.1% of total US deaths) 1.
associated with smoking ✦ Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is
the fourth leading cause of death in America2.
✦ Smoking is the primary risk factor for COPD.
Approximately 80 to 90 percent of COPD deaths are
caused by smoking. Female smokers are nearly 13
times as likely to die from COPD as women who have
never smoked. Male smokers are nearly 12 times as
likely to die from COPD as men who have never
smoked3.
Smoking is a major cardiovascular risk factor and is
associated with impaired endothelium-dependent
vasodilation, a key early event in atherogenesis4-6. The
cause of endothelial dysfunction in smokers is not
known, but it has been attributed to increased oxidative
stress that may reduce the bioavailability of
endothelium-derived nitric oxide (No), leading to
impairment in vasodilatory function7-8.
The bark of Terminalia arjuna is one such Ayurvedic
remedy that has been mentioned in many ancient Indian
medicinal literature including Charaka Samhita and
Astang Hridayam, to possess cardio protective
property9. It has been reported to have significant
antifailure and anti-ischemic properties 1 0 - 11 .The
mechanism of these benefits are not precisely known but
could be related to potent antioxidant constituents
present in Terminalia arjuna causing improvement in
endothelial dysfunction seen in coronary artery disease
and heart failure12.
Ver.1201
Terminalia arjuna as potent
antioxidants
A number of experimental and clinical studies have
proved that bark of Arjun has potent antioxidant13-14
and cardioprotective activity15-16. Antioxidant activity of
Arjun bark was comparable to vitamin E17. The active
constituents of the Arjun bark extract include arjunic
acid, arjunolic acid, arjungenin, argentine etc., 18
Clinical evidence
Terminalia arjuna therapy for two weeks leads to Why Terimalia arjuna extract from
significant regression of endothelial abnormality
amongst smokers. Natural Remedies?
In a double blind cross-over study, flow-mediated Chemical
✦ standardization based on contents of
arjungenin, arjunic acid and argentine.
dilation was significantly impaired amongst smokers
compared to control. Treatment with Terminalia arjuna Biological standardization with ORAC assay.
✦
(500 mg q8h) showed significant improvement in flow- Manufactured
✦ in a GMP and ISO 9001 - 2000
mediated dilation from baseline values compared to certified manufacturing facility.
12
placebo .
The product is Kosher and Halal certified.
✦
Endothelial-dependent, flow-mediated
dilation (FMD %) in healthy male smokers (n=18) Dose
while on Terminalia arjuna v. placebo therapy. Between 1000 and 1500mg/day/adult in divided
doses
14
12 Availability
10 Terminalia arjuna extract standardized to total tannins
8 as tannic acid ( >25% w/w). Standardized Arjun
6
extract can be custom formulated and can be
incorporated in nutraceutical formulations intended to
4 maintain the health of smokers
2
0
Baseline Placebo Terminalia arjuna
References
1. Ali H et al., The Journal of the American Medical Association: 2004: 291: pp 9. Nandkarni AK, In Indian Materia Medica. Popular Prakashan Pvt Ltd. Mumbai.
1238-1245. 1976: 1: pp 1199-1202.
10. Bharani A et al., Int J Cardiol 1995: 49: pp 191199.
2. National Center for Health Statistics. Report of Final Mortality Statistics, 2003.
11. Bharani A et al., Indian Heart J 2002: 54: pp 170175.
3. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of
Smoking. A Report of the Surgeon General, 2004. 12. Anil Bharani et al., Indian Heart J 2004: 56: pp 123128.
13. Ramesh C et al., Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry. 2004: 19(2): pp 141-148.
4. Celermajer DS et al., Circulation 1993: 88: pp 21492155.
14. Sumitra M et al., Mol Cell Biochem. 2001: 224(1-2): pp 135-142.
5. Celermajer DS et al., Lancet 1992: 340: pp 11111115.
15. Gauthaman K et al., J.Ethanopharmacol. 2001: 75: pp 197-201.
6. Zeiher AM et al., Circulation 1995: 92: pp 10941100. 16. Dwivedi S and Gupta D. Ind Heart J. 2002: 54: pp 170-175.
7. Morrow JD et a N Engl J Med 1995: 332: pp 11981203. 17. Gupta R et al., J Assoc Physicians India. 2001 : 49 : pp 231-235.
8. Heitzer T et al., Circ Res 2000: 86: pp E36E 41. 18. Alternative Medicine Review. 1999: 4(6): pp 436-437.
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