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Types of Solution Concentrations

Concentration refers to the amount of solute per unit of volume or mass of the solution. There are different types of solutions depending on how much solute can dissolve in the solvent at a given temperature, including supersaturated, unsaturated, and saturated solutions. Common ways to express concentration include percent composition by mass, molarity, molality, and mole fraction, each of which is calculated using different parameters such as moles of solute, mass of solute or solution, and volume of solution.

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99 views2 pages

Types of Solution Concentrations

Concentration refers to the amount of solute per unit of volume or mass of the solution. There are different types of solutions depending on how much solute can dissolve in the solvent at a given temperature, including supersaturated, unsaturated, and saturated solutions. Common ways to express concentration include percent composition by mass, molarity, molality, and mole fraction, each of which is calculated using different parameters such as moles of solute, mass of solute or solution, and volume of solution.

Uploaded by

Yana Allison Grande
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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concentration refers to the amount of a substance per defined space.

Another
definition is that concentration is the ratio of solute in a solution to
either solvent or total solution.

Types of Solutions
Depending upon the dissolution of the solute in the solvent, solutions can be categorized into
supersaturated, unsaturated and saturated solutions.

 A supersaturated solution comprises of a large amount of solute at a temperature wherein it


will be reduced as a result the extra solute will crystallize quickly.
 An unsaturated solution is a solution in which solvent is capable of dissolving any more
solute at given temperature.
 A saturated solution can be defined as a solution in which solvent is not capable of dissolving
any more solute at given temperature.

Types of Concentration
Percent Composition (by mass)

We can consider percent by mass (or weight percent, as it is sometimes called) in two
ways:

 The parts of solute per 100 parts of solution.


 The fraction of a solute in a solution multiplied by 100.

We need two pieces of information to calculate the percent by mass of a solute in a


solution:

 The mass of the solute in the solution.


 The mass of the solution.

Use the following equation to calculate percent by mass:

Top
Molarity

Molarity tells us the number of moles of solute in exactly one liter of a solution. (Note
that molarity is spelled with an "r" and is represented by a capital M.)

We need two pieces of information to calculate the molarity of a solute in a solution:


 The moles of solute present in the solution.
 The volume of solution (in liters) containing the solute.

To calculate molarity we use the equation:

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Molality

Molality, m, tells us the number of moles of solute dissolved in exactly one kilogram
of solvent. (Note that molality is spelled with two "l"'s and represented by a lower
case m.)

We need two pieces of information to calculate the molality of a solute in a solution:

 The moles of solute present in the solution.


 The mass of solvent (in kilograms) in the solution.

To calculate molality we use the equation:

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Mole Fraction

The mole fraction, X, of a component in a solution is the ratio of the number of moles
of that component to the total number of moles of all components in the solution.

To calculate mole fraction, we need to know:

 The number of moles of each component present in the solution.

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