During the WG10 meeting in May in Berlin representatives from, ENTSO-E were invited 1 express their concerns and were asked to provide examples to support them. As a result, the ENT'SO-E created a"Punch-List" with about 25 individual issues, which were presented atthe WG 10 meeting in Oceoberin Houston, The "Punch-List” confirmed ‘what was expected based on the several thousands of IEC 61850 substations in operation and the hundreds of satisfied IEC 61850 customers around the world: IEC (61850 isalready far beyond legacy protocoslike DNP3 orlEC60870-5. ‘There is no single concern about communication interoperability. Most ofthe concernsare related to the engineering capabilities of EC {61850 and tothe complexity ofthe standard Similar to the move from electromechanicaltomicroprocessor based relays some 30 years ag0. the introduction of IEC 61850 is Usa f£c 62850 forthe communcestion buses sobs How dothe end users see IEC 61850? the ENTSO-E statements on IEC {61850 brit diseused them in another significant step. This has probably been underestimated by the WG while editingthe standard. ‘The utility engineer trying to apply the standard needs guidance, ‘otherwise he will noc be able to assfy problemsthat naturally may. apex. ‘The"Panch-List” however, has identified some issues that - once solved -willenhancethebenefits oF IBC618S0: 1m Semanticincerpretation ofreal modes The multi-vendorengineering process ‘While some of the issues have been addressed, iisstilla valuable input that bas been provided by a group of utilities thanks to their lingness to fully exploit the benefits of IEC 61850. Similar Incroduetion and overview ‘Communication requirements for functions and device models by Christoph runner, fpower, Sized Issues have been identified by other utilities while doing their ‘own integration of standard based products. This is also a good example that standards need to be jointly developed between vendors and users to ensure that the standards fulfil the requitementsof the users. ‘The contribution ofthe users is crucial - they need to have a clear ‘understanding of what they want, and how they want to use the standard based productssothacthey can formulate their roquirements ‘The technology today offers too ‘many possiblities that would not be fully expioited if we would just dobusinessas usual. ‘As | am describing in cover story of ths issue of PAC world, significant work is ongoing to add functionality that will solve many of the raised concerns ‘The remaining ones are mainly 3 question of product functionality. A listof EC 61850 documents under developments included below. a Hydroelectric powerplants = Communication fr monitoring end control 's 13 | IeCotaso modeling concepts ir {300 | Use of ooica’ nodes to madel functions ofa substation automation system i 3pece communieaton ervice mapping (CSM) Mappings toweb services| Is anformance testing 5 Mapping ‘to Web Services ~ Requirement Analysis and Technology Assessment | Ft Sha conivl centres | TR Usina IEG 62880 for condition monaring tt Network engineering guiselines for substations m UEraIEC CRESS Caution Ariat gpa 7k Beet models er era cle fe ect models for electrical energy storage (Object models for schedules i Methodolotes fr modeling of loges for IEC 61850 baced applications te Wine area network engineering gullies mt Extension of IC 61690 information models to also include logical odes and data {Gonmumieation network srustures in hydro power plants Th rnetional esting of EC G80 based Systerta, Te Interoperability tests for hydro equipment based on IEC 61850 8 IEC 61850 update Ee ‘Christoph Brunner: Pretident of son dependent UC hed Sutzenand Hef 5 years of eine with ned across sever areas manage at A8 Sizerand stem Hes Convener of WO 20 f the EC TOSY and ia member of W718 and 19 of C1057. He IEEESA He isan EEFelow anche ofthe REEPSAC aea meres of ‘he PRE mal comet an theby Alvaro. A, Perc, Jono Fete, TemostonesN Tavares ‘Companhia Hidocleria do Sa Francisco, CHESE, Bra Oo Theelectri di e g L L d he electric power industry is ex- mi te 2 LESSONS LEAMNE|G| perescingimporantchangesin 3 pe 2 f h fF the implementation of new SAS the & trom the use o P ‘ Ps g (Substation Automation System), and : § IEC 61850 in = g iba ‘ Sa & + TEC61850standard by many utili: fen + Substation = 8 ties, in differentscopes ofapplica- tm 2 . and & Automation Systems iorsicprovisessomesotutions is for the exchange of information, oe sit integration and standardization. Meanwhile, many legacy IEDs (Intelligent Electronic Devices) thet and communication protocols till existand will ast formany yeatsin theirapplications. More- | ay SAS over, these systems may need to be expanded ormay have some EDs retrofitted later, withim- eau pacts on their architecture. This article is about the practical use of the IEC 61850 standard in ee totally new SAS, as wel asin integrations to legacy systems, based on expansions orrefurbish- | 2) ments applied to more than 30 high voltage substations at Chesf Companhia Hidro Eletricado | i vars Tadeo H}| araijoPerote Sao Francisco), in the last years. \ u So aR, IEC 63850 IAs BEEN used at new SAS station bus, for . interlocking, discurbancereord- : ings wart, relundaney, protection Berl ietestoer schemes and supervision nial theConpomie evaluation is made, considering Yorrisencnsso Specification, documentation, rancsco-chel Runetonaliies,relabir, ala a ing, testing operation and main Ssotsnpows tenance. GOOSE and MMS based Spm toraion | rnasengesare subject torelabiiny 00, fone | anaes. important bnefic area Federer of ready accomplished, while pls Da UFDA baal and drawbacks aise, Fist stage Sifebioied obstacles represent challenges to hdeagrinne be faced. Information within the tainting | meneges supa burthelack of misirigand | tnthi-vendor tnveropersiicy is neces _agreatdisappointment The need dntaionptce | foradditional Ratucsarereported, ‘ Some are covered by Edition 2 of : the standard. Examples of imple ea‘mentations are shown, exploiting techniquesandsolutions. though in| therearesome research projects, | process bus is stil not used, for is | ‘there are concerns on maturity, lack J ofpreducts, time synchrontzation 3), | andnetworkreiblty IEC6185Dhasalzobeenwsedin he | inegration of new bays to Legacy | SAS, with impacts on the archi- tecture, Significant changes are reported, on retrofitting the subst- tion SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system, A ns migration plan forthe overall solu- tion is needed, with detailed stages i, “oftransient topologies and testing strategies, designed for connecting x) the operational legacy SAS to the new one. A special issue after ince- e ‘gation 102 limited protocol legacy SASisthe broad capability for new n expansions the future. Lessons ‘were learned with the above men- ‘by Also A Poon, Joel Ferree, Temostenes Tavares toned experiences. Practical apli- cations and operational experiences provide useful tipsand implemen- tation guidelines, which can lead to the best practices. The exper- tisebuilt with chisstate-in-the-ate technology ean avoid some inital dificuties and can give important feedback, ‘This article aims to providere- tum on experience of some SAS applications, functional scopes, diliculties and ideas, highlighting tho useof the IEC 61850 standard, ‘within thesmargrid scenario, ‘The Use of IEC 61850 Stan- dard in SAS at CHESF ‘Brazilian tiles have different levels of local automation in sub- stations, starting from decreasing use ofl elecromechanicalelays angi control buttons up to increas- ing use of complete digital SAS. IEC.61850 standard was irseavail ‘Companhia Hldoaletis do Sao Fancisco,CHESE, Bes Most recent SAS implementations were based on the typical architecture shown below. ablein the year of 2004. There sa huge change in paradigms, for itis based on standardized information ‘models, data semantics, common use ofa language called SCL (Sub- station Configuration Language), functional virtualization and ad= ‘vanced communication services for information exchange. Inthe 1990'sand early 2000, many differen vendorsused sup” ply SAS, using specific proprietary and some standardized protocols, i 2 The SAS (Substation Automation System) typical architecture ena One Cartel Cer et fe Dchesr nt Ec 7 peste sev SCADA | bigs istrtenee Racerdse 7) Jecnildo Cosar orora Ferrera yoked san cal gine i 2mn atthe Supeires de Maceo CESMAG, a He He achieve i MBA ret inuy 200, ‘ota vargas Fo, a Chet hee inated with the de testing and commis slonng of azomaton systoms ‘emestenes Nunes Tavares rae sted aan eis gern 2000 at He as beenin the etica do Sao Fan isco Ces since 2002 Mes Masten Hectic engineers MSe.in Power Sy the Federal Uniersty USC faehin 2003 At hes hes ‘votes ith sy, desig implement anemaetanance oflesson learned a rec618s0 Figure 3: some 1eDs come with buitein Goose in funtion, white others Implemented with ogies and profile bby Alvaro‘. A. Pore, Jono Ferree, TemostenesN Tavares ‘Companhia Hldvodlecia do Sto Raneiso, CHES, Bre The use of IEC 61850 standard at Chesf started in 2006 with the specification of new SAS. such as: Conitel/PCD5000, EFIP, K-Bus, SPA Bus, Modbus, Profibus, TEC 60.870-5-101/108/104, IEC 60.870-6, DNP3.0 ete. However, the need for expansions, prococol compatibility, high costs, obso- lescence and spare parts Became important issues, considering the heterogeneous solutions. “Theuse of the IEC61850 stan- dard came upasa hopeful solution ‘to many problems, by promising standardization, optimization and system interoperabilcy. Theuse of IEC61850 standardat Chesfstarced {in 2006, with thetechnical specifi- ‘ation of new SAS. The fist one of ‘thor was intograted tothe clectr- ‘alsystem in 2007. It hasthen been adopted inall new SAS specifiea- tions for thestation bus, ineluding integration tolegacy SAS: ‘This article presents some les- sons learned from practical applica- tions withthe use ofthe IEC61850 standard at Chesf, so far in more than 30 high voltage SASs Practical Applications The Typical Architecture: ‘The most ecent SAS implementations ‘were based on the typical achitec- ture, brelly shown in Figure 2 “The Human Machine Interface ~ IML is formed by redundant com: [puters in the Local Area Network, with connections to the IEDs, ‘within the station bus. Soar, here areno applications with IEC61850 sample values in the process bus General Functionalities: The local SCADA syscerisimplement- edwith the SAGE (Sistema Aberto de Gorenciamento de Energia) sou- tion, that was developed by CEPEL (Electric Power Research Center), in Bazil. There ate redundane servers performing real time database man- agemencand advanced applications, besides regular HMI functionality forlocal operation. The system per- forms simultaneous communication trough the neework, using the fol- lowing usual protocols: 'm IEC 61850 based protocols (TCP/IP, MMS and Goose), with re- portand peer to peer messages, com prising SAGEand IEDsof the SAS I DNP3.0 protocol, with theRe- ‘mote Operation Control Center (COR") system. lm DNP30, IEC 60.870-5-101 oF ‘other protocols, with the legacy SAS if prosont, usually by Terminal Server serialeannections ‘There isan Ethernet ring,some- times more than one, formed by redundant switches, with RSTP protocol. Depending on the types of the IEDs, they can be part of the ring, partof multiple rings, or star ‘connected, Connectionsto the COR canbe either by serial dedicated fines ‘orrouted through the LAN / WAN. GPS feod the NTP Server, con- nected to theswitch, to synchronize the IEDsand the computers, An example of GOOSE monitoring 066): 58/95 So x 8) X) BO Ae ‘Remoteaccess to IEDs and SCA- DA system by maintenance station ispossibleand represents powerful tool foranalysisand quick re-estab- lishment ofthe systom. Communication and Messages: AttheSCADA level, supervisionand control messages are based on the MMS protocol, according tothe Ci ‘ent/Servermodel. Prioritized multicast GOOSE messagesare adopted in the exchange ‘finformation between the IEDs, for status, interlocking, testing, distur bancerecordings, blocking redundan- ‘Sampled values within the process busarebeing considered, burnotbeen used sofa Special Implementation Fea- ‘tures: Considering the characteris- tics ofthe messages and its reliability, special features have been added in ‘implementations, sch as: 1 GOOSE “latching” or “default status,” for keeping desired status of ‘important messages participating in logics, in caseit vanishes due to com ‘munication failures Use of GOOSE messages to achieve redundancy in control logics impler file tres exampl Prot supple a "Protandprotecionschemes.asanalte- The use of the IEC 61850 Standard came up tte way for hardwired abl solsti si.ui"urnateie. __aSahopeful solution to many problems, by ee ea logcsofthe promising standardization, optimization and ‘tipcommands to the process or to system interoperability. | scar interrip messages between IEDs, when est modetsselecied be developed, explicitly showing schemeandinertrip-Thered lines 1 On-line supervision forthe the protection functional inter= indicate the physialconnetions communication inks between de- _ communication among IEDs and fom the tansformerto the IEDs, vicesand SCADA, inthenetwork switchyard equipments, aswellasfrom the IEDsto the cir. .GOOSEon-line monitoring, example shown in the Figure be- cuit beakers, for protection trip focfiluresupervisionafthesub: low In this case, the transformer Function purposes Onecan notice scribed messages. Different solu- is protected by 3 three) protection thatthe rp functions canbe origi tions have been conceived by relays F, F2 and F, that canis. nated from the protection device diffrent vendors. Some IEDsal- sue trip commands othe 2 (wo) itself or from an inererip source, readycomewiththisbuilein fine- icuit breakers, called 1471 and coming fom another ED. tion, while others need to have it 1271, respectively on the primary “The protection diagram is very ‘implemented withlogiesand pro- and secondary sides hhelpflin integration and commis fletreatmene (Figure 3 showsan Theblue dotted lines indicate sioning tests, fulfilling the lack of camp) the GOOSE messages flow toand documentations usally available. Protection Diagram: As a fiomalldiferent EDs, sed fr ster “The maintenance team may find supplement for documentation, tusinformation, interlocking func. ievery helpful too, during future "Protection Diagram" can also tions, breaker fare protection ‘work, voidinglongtime esearch 4 An example of a “Protection Diagram” Dchesr “ee also being used for achieving a PIERRE physica FOSS IS Sane eter pee from logical Gr raterarton Na r Pn rose Fee tama, Ceara F = with some configuration roegesiarean efforts but no extra cable 1 yates 6008507)lesson learned. a Figure or “Goose oveloped, with the information low, sources, eseriptions, addresses ete by luo. A. Pate, Jocnldo C Ferrer, Temostenes N. Tavares Compan Hideeeris do Sao France, CHESE, Braz in functional drawings and vendor tools, as well as reducing the un availablity time of the power sys- tem, From the example in 4, GOOSE messages are also being ‘used for achieving physical redun ancy from logical messages, with some configuration efforts but no extra cable costs Lessons Learned Some difficulties should be ex: pected in advance, eto the new conceptsand new features brought by the IEC 61850 standard, On the ‘other hand, many benefits could be expected ‘The real applications imple ‘mented in high voltage substations at Chesfshowed up many diffcul- tesand beneftsalready forecasted, ‘but they have added some others thaeshould be highlighted. Difficulties & Pitfalls: Some important difficulties were found 5 an example of a GOOSE map {in the IEC 61850 based practical applications in SAS: 'W There isa lack of technical Jmowledge on the standard, om- puter networks and supporting tools Interoperability hasshownto ‘be much more difficult to achieve than could be expected, Private contain, non interoperable tools and different interpretations often 1 Network monitoringis very. important and there i aneed of better supervision functionalities inthe HMTimplementation. Very important functions bave been m= plemented using GOOSE messages snd they mustflow on very reliable networks. New Human Machine Tnterface-}1MI functionalities shall Deimplemented,todetecteventual ‘GO0SE failures and other nework disturbances [IG = waver too neRO a weoae ts oases 4 TEC 61850 Edition 1 defined essential methods forsystem testing, to handle isolation to the physical process. Im Thereisan exaggerated use of generic GGIO objects, with loss of semantics, Sometimes, existing logical nodes themselves are not ‘used when they are needed. IEC 61850 new edition and more ap- propriate implementations will hopefully attenuate that problem 1m Genericand better handling tools for SCL files are needed to control and ease importing or ex- porting, included the integration ‘with SCADA systems 1 Nev Network approachesare ‘necessary for assuring SASarchi- tecture with high reliability and fulfilling the desired performance requirements, RST? redundancy protocol ispredominant ‘Usual documentation ismiss- ing in derailed specification and datapoint routing of messages.Sig- nallists should be more complete, ‘withthe virtua witing map 1m Traditional documentation has shown to beinsuffcient, with TEC61850. Information of GOOSE ‘messagesate sattered through tr- ditional insufficient documenta- ‘ton different ED toolsand specific descriptions, So, virtual wiring ‘maps called "GoOOSE Maps” have bbeen developed, with the informa tion flow, sources, destinations, descriptions, addresses etc, a8 shown in Figure 5. Trassociatesthe Publishers and the subscribers, their messages, links and descriptions. “Eventual pitfills need tobe well mown and managed accordingly. Fist pitfalls from IEC 61850 based ‘SAS applications have already been reported, suchas: 1m Wrong involuntary GOOSE mapping Tes Lbad systen isolai Editio dition: derail produc andtes ready those Editi the ch: Goo publis purpo Ste im1 (Morethan expected) GOOSE failures Side effects from software ‘updates 1 A now need for sc files back ‘upand control WA strong need forconfigura- tion revision mechanism, absent in somelEDs 1 Increased virtual interaction Deeween IEDs ‘Testing: The IEC 61850 ition 1 had defined essential methods for system testing, in order to handle isolation to the physical process. Edition 2 comes with many ad ditional feturesand sophisticated details for implementations in products, with test bits, testmodes and testbehavior. Sof, the imple: ‘mented systems didnot seem to be ready or matured enough roexploit those features, as fiom Editon 1 or Edition 2, Performance testing is now a complex task. Considering thecharactristics ofthe multicast GOOSE messages with transient publishing times, the redundant network topologies, priority rag- ‘ing, VLAN use, EDs internal pro- cessing, switch configuration and ius features etc, message traffic 's difficult to evaluate for testing purposes and dimensioning. But etworkcreliablityand the manage- ‘ment of possible message storms need tobe known, toassure the ex- pected performance Despite many tests throughout the world and Cigré workforces, thereisaneed to specify morede- tailed procedures and criteria. Benefits: Many benefits of the IEC 61850 standard applica- tions are already known, such as: standardization, interoperabilit >etween different vendor IEDs, bling reduction, distributed aa mation, low costs etc Immediate Benefits. "TheSAS implementations have showed additional benefitsas de- scribed below: Ac fist, functional testing seemed to be harder. However, by using network analysis softwares (eg, Wireshark), they provided ‘2001 views of messages through ‘network ports. Independent and vendor tols et software sirmulate and perform traditional physical checksinstead ' GOOSE messages can pro- vvidea good economy with the im: ited number of 1/0 ports to be ‘reached by hard wires in the EDs 1 Special implementation fea- tures have been applied, such as (GOSEon line monitoring, GOOSE “hatching” and physical edundaney by logical GOOSE messages. Ie isa greatadvantage, when compared to limitations ofthe hard wires 'W The content of the GOOSE _message has plenty of information inthe header, which could be used forextra functionalities, like net- ‘work monitoring, configuration revision control, validity status, testbitetc. m The “Time allowed to live” eld permits very fastsignal super- vision in justafew seconds, when compared to an eventually long lasting unknown copper miseon- nection, that could take weeks or leven months tobe discovered MAfieranintegration of egacy SAS with IEC 61850, the hybrid SAS became prepared forretrofit- ting the legacy SAS or for new expansions As to the IEDs’ inputs and outputs, cabling structure was re- duced, overcoming intrinsic physical limitations. With IEC (61850, programmable logics and algebraic operatorscan be processed Standardization, interoperability between different vendor IEDs, cabling reduction, distributed automation, low costs are some of the benefits of IEC 61850. | using also some GOOSE messages flowingtoand from different IEDs. ‘The above mentioned benefits are just initial ones. Exploring the potential ofthe standard will ead to full bnefitsin the future Conclusions TEC 61850 isalready a reality in electrical systems, with increasing acceptance and so many successful practical applications around the ‘world, Mostofthem have been done innew substations by si Some multi-vendor ap already in operation too, although ‘there are reports about interoper- ability problems. Migration from legacy systems tonew IEC61850 based SASisalso very important. It can provide the capability for new expansions atthe substation, solving intial peblems, ‘The implementation of practical applications with IEC 61850 high- lighted difficulties and benefits. By planning and managing these as- ‘pects, an expertise can be buile with this nev technology. Ie ean avoid somedifficulties that were fond ‘early stagesand meet the best prac- tices, providing useful road-mapsto achieve full benefits, Looking forward to next imple- mentacions, the lessons leaned will ‘help to overcome dificulces. Longer ‘term benefitsare certainly expected, ‘with maturation and knowledge i ‘crease by exploring the perspectives ‘ofthenew sandaed, m Starting from the learning curve, amore solid background is very important for the near future, emerging with the process bus and the smart grid scenario. Bonofts: The sas inmplementation have showed up adaitonal ber fits as decribed‘by Hovberc fll, Solutions Architect, ISCO,USA IEC 61850-90-5 g Cc % i & ain Uverview 9° wy a The article describes the requirements that lead to IEC 61850-90-5, £ overview of the technology, emerging implementation agreements, results of g initial utility testing, and overall reliability of UDP/IP. 3 IECTR61850-90-5is2protocolfor _ The IEBE request to TEC for _performnancewwithina substation, It Herbert Falko» beer transmitting digital stateand time C37.118duallogoin August 2009: was revised to 3 msec with the sumone wmiin synchronized powermeasurement Theduallogorequestwastefusedby publication f1EC61850-Sin 2003 ‘over wide area networks enabling IEC since IEC had protocol _ m ThedevelopmentofSampled implementation of wide area technology (IEC 61850-9-2) that Values, a streaming protocol, to ‘measurement and protection could convey synchrophasor allow high-speed sampled current and control (WAMPAC) systems information. Thisresultedinajoint and voltage measurements, from. based on the IEC 61850 protocols task force being formed between CTs and VTs, to be shared with bse" ves 9 she teeta commonly used in substation IEEE and IEC, which worked on multiple IEDs. The initial ation ser neds ad automation. The development of _methodologes/agroementsthatled | measurement/delivery rate, =inie sore nh TECTRG1850-90-5 wasmotivated tochangesinlEEEC37.118andthe according to the UCAlug 9-2LE ype! ety om bbyseveral majorevents: creation ofIECTR61850-90-5 specifications were 80 ar 256. 0A Soil Yetroes Wi m W The August 2003blackoutin Besides these events, and samples/eycleforintr-substation |"! Ne vissov ant merenta theNortheastern United States: The the technical requirements for il Thedevelopmentof security snalysis ofthis event indicated a supportingsynclnophisors,ECTR standards for IEC 61850, including need for a well-recognized 61850-90-5 wasalso designed to |GOOSEand Sampled Values. This, synchrophasor standard that had supporethe performance/usecases development started in 2004 and. explicit time synchronization/ already supported by the Generic _wascompletedin 2007 time-stampingalgorithms.Thiswas Object Oriented Substation Event Ml In 2005, the work to use themajorimpetusforthecreationof (GOOSE)and Sampled Values(SV) 61850 inter-substation and for IBEE 37.1 18toreplace IEEE 1344 parts of IEC 61850. The history of substation-to-control center and the Easter interconnect Phasor these requirements dates back to communications was started, but 00) he es E187 Project (EIPP) October 1995, and an integrated thetechnology ofGOOSE remained 3s roe seu eFut I In May 2005, cyber security timeline/history of GOOSE, SV, non-routablealthough specified for» requirements were published IEEE Synchrophasors, and the use in these new communication regudingeritcalascetsthstindicated resulting 90-5 canbe found.atthe architecture/deployments (IEC need for securing wide zea power _endofthisarte. 661850-90-1 and [EC 61850-90-2) ‘system communications Requirements weredeveloped, In 2003 IEEE began the effort MH In November 2006, the changed, and added, The inital to transition from IEEE 1344 10 Esstern Interconnect Phasor Project focus of GOOSE and Sampled IEEE C37.118in orderto improve (G1PP) wascombined with Western Values was on control and_theaccuracy of the measurement, and Texas initstivesto become the automation applications. Some of of time-synchronized phasor North American Synehrophasor these requirements were: -measutements (synchrophasors). Project Initiative (NASPI), which im The development of the Theneed forthisimprovement was generates technical functional functionalrequirementsforGOOSE based ona post-mortem analysis of Fequitements for synchrophaser performance. intially, the orginal the 2003 North American blackout. systems, architecture, and phasor performance requirement was 4 In 2009, when the reques fora dual rmeasurementunits ‘msecinondertoachieveprotection logo standard was made, the IEEEIEC 61850 An Overview the major technological parts of FS 6 Figure 4 depicts The development of IECTR 61850-90-5 was motivated by several events. €37.118and 1861850 standards ‘were evalated and resulted inthe ‘comparsonshownin table Prior eo the request for dual logo the NASPI activity created many more requirements for synchrophasor measurement “These requirements included the need for secure large scale wide sea distribution of synchrophasor information across the North ‘Ameriancontnent. ThejointEC/ IEEE tak forcedevelopeda strategy to split C37.118 into two pars ‘whileaceommodatinga migration tolEC61850based technology to smeetthe NASPL requirements: IEEE C37.1264: Synchronized phasor (synchrophasor) ‘measurements for power systems axe presented Thisstandard defines Synchrophasors,fequencyandrate of change of frequency (ROCOF) ‘measurement under all operating ‘conditions. Iespecfes methods for evaluating hese measorementsand bypHerbereFll, Solutions Archive, SISCO, USA, table 1 Comparison of IEEE C37.118 and IEC 61850 Sao obs Ween to asp) | ote a Mistsehpe ona arr Georoneten te eid stan oy | roselare dient id requirements for compliance with ‘hestandand under both steady-state snd dynamic conditions Time tg, nd synchronization requirements are included. Performance requzementsare confirmed witha reference model, provided in etal ‘This document defines 2 phasor measurement uni (PMU), which canbeastand-slone physical wit or 4 functional unit within another plyseal unit Thisstandard doesnot specify hardware, software, oF 8 method for computing phasors, frequency, ROCOF IEEE 037.1182: A method for real-time exchange of synchronized phasor measurement data between power system tquipment i defined. Iespocfies tmesagingthatcanbewsed with any suitable protocol for real-time commnication betwoen phasor ‘measurement units (PMU), phasor dataconceotracors (PDC) and other applications. It defines message 1 Ec TR 61850-90-5 Overview lec 6185074 lec 61850-7-4 r 1p gos: pscp_) i ‘types, contents, and use. Datatypes and formats are specified. typical ‘measurement system, a5 well 5, communication options and requirements are described IEEE C37.118.1 remains as the global standard for defining the measurement technology {for synchrophasors while IEEE 37.1182 the IEEE protocol to addresscurrent system requires ‘enabling IEC TR 61850-90-5 to Dethe basis fora more scalable, and secure, protocol to meet NASP requirements, IECTR 61850-90-5 has normative references to IEEE €37.118.1 as the method for ‘measuring synchrophasors. The scope of IECTR61850-90-Sisto: Enhance the 61850 object, ‘model fr proper representation of protocol chat can transmit either ‘GOOSE or Sampled Value using those TEC 61850 Application Protocol Data Units (ADPUs) 1 Provide migration capability, from the C37.118, and its typical encapsulated in an IEC TR {61850-90-5 session layer, which provides security and management via the 90-5 specific Keya 3 Use of data example The Session| ° Protocol Data Unit} we is transmitted using| a multicast UDP/IP, © (CU __ Distribution Center(KDC) provocl overtheentreSPDU contents, The Interpretation (RFC3547 -GDON, TEM Theencpsultedappliation signature provided through the GDOI provides the capability of FE | mesagesare bis’ UDI/P weof.ymmetr:keysbeingapplid the KDC toexchange keys securely Tulsineceeriessywhichurlithe to crete a cur Hae Megas vi either clients requesting the Differentiated Service Control _Atthentction ode(HMAG) And Tees of the KDC pushing keys 2 Prottool [DSCP te provide 1P bral the 50-3 scatanie eed Pattie stscitc 5 prioitytaggingso hatthe packets supports the ability to enerypthe GDO1 orginally allowed keys to é Ielesslikelytobelostduetorouter | SPDU payload content. De associated with IP addresses 2 congestion “The Session Protocol Data ‘only, This prove insuficient for TW inorderzoconfigurethenew Unit (SPDU) is transmitted using ‘hesecurity model/requitements transportand contol blocks, the multiast UDE/IP. In the past for 90:5, Therefore, the GDOI Substation Configuration Langage the use of UDP/IP multicast has protocol was extended vo provide {SCL}oflEC61850-6wasexended been problematic Gucto the packet ey management based upon The 90-5 session protocol delivery paths being difficalt to dlestination addressing service and : provides the capability foconvey determine/configure. Many IP DatSetdefnitions. This allows : {oupsofGOOSEorSV application —muliasepackersare delivered over jst be assigned and managed sccon protaca) messages (APDUs) inva single every path thita router supports Ibaedlspoal is delivery vrvice Sesion Protocol Data Uit(SPDU). In order oad in the control and (eg. GOOSE or SV) even if the sovdes the Tealsohas the ability to support path determination, IEC TR. destination address and DataSet secure tunneling ofthe Evhernet_61850-90-5 species the use oF contentsarehesane spabty to based GOOSE abd SV packets to the Internet Group Management Migration of €37.238.2 to faite easier exchange between Protocol, Version 3 (IGMP V3 1c 61850905 vey groups sibstationsand controeentersfor_REC'3376). IGMPV3 differs from “There are several aspects of thecurreny existing GOOSE and previous GMPYersionsin thatthe rigration from IEEE C37.1182 0 fcoose or SVmesages gue) ibscption toa multcast adres TEC61830thatare provided in IEC In order 10 provide security, canbefltered based upon the source TRE1850-90-5. Koy items that Sy application theconcept of perfeceforward* TPadressof the publishe- known, provid gradual migration voward security was implemented. ‘The s“sourefitering” TECO1850 include a Security paradigm was designed to Through the use of source 1 Changes forIEC61850.6t0 Sow encryption key otation in filtering routers can determine the support the configuration of apOUs) ina sichamannertharthe subscriber appropiate path() cough which ca7ie2viascL Ligonciencelveminycinion cedsteer tbe malice Bed 18 Use of GOOSE or SV, inthe single Session the next Key rotation isto occur _preventingthedlvery fhe packet. context of 90-5, without explicit (limcToNextkey)andodetectifit_ overall pcsible paths Figure 4). contol blocks interaction being Protocol Data isoutcfaynewiththacurentkey. The bey managementand Key required, ‘This allows the SCL TECTR 61850-90-5 security Distribution Center protocol is configirationtobe tized and IEEE Unie (POU). mandates the use ofa signature based upon Group Domain of C2718. tobe replaced with IEC 4 Free range IP multicast: IGMPv2 and IGMPv3 ss oy esp etn a Ha ie ats Q ite ashi basse se =. we peta est2 > ‘by Heber Falk, Solutions Architect, ISCO,USA burp funet from: of th prov: pbcTRO61850-90-5 withoucrecuiting the full EC61850-8-1 profile over ‘TCP/IP (c=. MMS) The use of IEEE C37.118 has resulted in an archizeccural deployment entity known as 3 Phasor Data Concentrator (PDC) tobe used inexistingsystems. The primary purpose of PDCs are to Povidemorescabbledisributionof Synchrophusor meastrements since substation eypealy have limited communication capability and are noegenerally capable ofdistribating the measurements othe required number ofclints. The othertypcl purpose of PDC isto provide measurement time-alignment function between measurements from diffrent PMUssothatclients of chat data are not required to provide this function (eg. the PDCisan extension ofthe client applications). In the realm of IEC TR61850-90-5, PDCsneed tobe configured based upon the proxy modeling capability of 61850 and SCL IECTRO1850-00-5 contains cexplici modeling thatsupporsthe PDCeoncept ‘Another issue being addressed is thatof implementatonagreements thatexplicly definohowtotransate €37.118.2 Information into IEC 61850andhowoutlizelEC61850 Sampled Values to reliably deliver synchrophasor measurements, ‘These implementations will be codifed by ECTCS7 WG10, History: The start of the IEC 61850 GOOSE requirements has its basis in che introduction of the ASEA high speed (4 ms) auxiliary tripping relay. This introduction cecurred in the mid-1970sand had adirectimpact on the performance requirements included in the EPRI RP 3599 report - known as the Unility Communication Architecture (UCA) version 1.0.At the time there were several parallel standardization efforts that would intimeimpactlECTR61850-90-5, ‘Themmjoreffors were: The pocential standardization (FUCA intoan IEE standard rs} ‘The 90-5 session protocol has the ability to support secure tunneling of the Ethernet based GOOSE and SV packets. | LIEER’s workon synchrophasor standards. This work tarted before the publication of IEEE 1344 (crea 1995)and continues today with the publication of IEEE C37.118.1 and IEEE C37.1182 HEC's workonEC61850 Ieisimportancto note that the UCA/IEEEand IECstandardization activities were attempting £0 address the same issues within che industry and therefore would have ‘competed with each other gltslly. In ate 1996, it was agreed to see ifthe concepts of UCA, including the use of multicast for high speed peer-to-peer communication (te. the original GOOSE), could be harmonized accepted as part of TEC61850. The results areevident today in the fact that IEC 61850 (crea 2004) is an international 5 Relevant events - 1995 and December 2011 {'3,2004) #1" smationl ema AMO Wer? Ma, BBB wnbBboe, ound Tre eto erttnions SUN fuuosos $2 go2mcqmee ‘atop wrtnatind BO hose ee coset ene oregon ‘were placed into [EEE Technical Report (TR) 1550 for posterity. AS pe BME vc S2ERre mpl withourcoorinaion ‘with IEC, IEEE continued to address therequirementsofsynchrophasors. ‘The efforts within IBEE acelerated Wea gene am a tt Seok due to deficiencies found during ae eSEsft the analysis ofthe August 2003 nial ad blackout. This effort resulted in IEEE Tommiypais NPMOmgrerew 134 being superseded by TEEE 37.118. When IEEE published C37.118, it approached IEC with atequest for dual log (circa March 2009), IEC rejected the request for dual log since IEC 61850-9-2 (SV) and GOOSE were both HE ESocWk venom antenes capable ofcaryingsynchophasot ‘ont CVI Gi Feed information. Thistefusal led tothe creation of UeeiBESEos eH eed joint TaskForce between EEE and IEC, and thus the beginning of the development of IEC TR 61850-90-5, Figure 5 shows the bea: importanc events thar eventually FDgDEAMD? — NcHeNDRComie produced IECTR 61850-90.5. Mb Figures 5 shows the imporant that eventually reduced IEC TR 2050-905. | |