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Delhi Sultanate: Islam in India 1206-1526

The Delhi Sultanate was founded in 1206 by Turkic Mamluks who established control over northern India. Over the following centuries, the Sultanate expanded its control through military highways and trade routes, introduced new coins and architectural styles, and saw an influx of Persian refugees. However, the Sultanate struggled with frequent Mongol invasions, uneven taxation that caused peasant rebellions, and increasing defiance from Muslim nobles. It ultimately lost power in 1526 when defeated by the invading Mughals.

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Seemab Sheikh Qurashi
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88 views8 pages

Delhi Sultanate: Islam in India 1206-1526

The Delhi Sultanate was founded in 1206 by Turkic Mamluks who established control over northern India. Over the following centuries, the Sultanate expanded its control through military highways and trade routes, introduced new coins and architectural styles, and saw an influx of Persian refugees. However, the Sultanate struggled with frequent Mongol invasions, uneven taxation that caused peasant rebellions, and increasing defiance from Muslim nobles. It ultimately lost power in 1526 when defeated by the invading Mughals.

Uploaded by

Seemab Sheikh Qurashi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Delhi Sultanate

Islam in India 1206-1526


Islam in India
1206-1290
• Delhi Sultanate founded by Turkic
Mamluks employed by rulers of
Afghanistan

• Early rulers had to defend north from


attempted Mongol invasions

• Power derived from military highways,


trade routes and the ability to control
military and provincial governers

• Introduced copper & silver coins

• Destroyed some Hindi temples to build


Mosques

• Many refugees arrived from Persia after


the Mongol invasions bringing many skills.
Sultanate Mosques

• Mosque built in the early


Sultanate

• Incorporated Islamic
design into India and
developed new features by
adapting Indian features
into its design.

• The minaret on the left is


the tallest structure in
medieval India
Sultanate Expansion – 14th C

• Mongols try to invade 6


different times.

• In the early 14th century the


Sultan travels from the
north after repelling the
Mongols to the south to
expand his kingdom.

• This conquest only lasts a


very short time.
14th Century Sultanate
• Taxes are not standardized
between rulers and widely
fluctuate causing hardship

• Peasants pay 1/3 -1/2 of produce


in taxes plus other types of taxes

• Rebellions in the countryside

• Sultans build canals and irrigation


works to expand agriculture- didn’t
help much

• Ibn Battuta visits in the first half of


the century. He is sent by the
Sultan as a representative to China
14th Century Sultanate
Culture
• Sufi practice spreads in N. • Urbanization spreads
India – love & devotion to
realize God • Exports flourished
• Cotton & silk textiles
• Bakti movement spreads also • Paper industry
– fundamental unity of all
• Leather making
religions
• Metal crafts
• Persian language is used by • Carpet weaving
elite Muslims in India

• Elite culture spurs greater


trade although many farmers
are hurt by tax policies

Sultanate coinage in the 14th century


Sultantate in the 15th Century

• Timur invades in 1398

• Dehli Sultanate loses


territory throughout the
1400’s

• Increasing rebellions led by


the nobles

• Last ruler defeated in 1526


by invading Mughals.
Sultanate Legacy
• Protected India from being ravaged by the
Mongols
• Maintained social separateness from
Hindus
• Introduced new art and architectural styles
into India
• Facilitated trade in the Indian Ocean due
to elite culture demands
• Ultimately failed due to constant rebellions
of Muslim nobles and Hindu peasants

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