Security Management

______________________________________________________________

Version R71 with R7x hotfix

FIPS 140-2 Non-Proprietary

Security Policy
FIPS 140-2 Level 1 Validation on SecurePlatform

Document Version 1.39

June 16, 2013

© Copyright 2012, 2013

Check Point Software Technologies Ltd.
Documentation produced by Rosenberry Associates, Inc. under contract to Check Point.
This document may be freely reproduced and distributed whole and intact including this Copyright Notice.
 Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 3
PURPOSE ....................................................................................................................... 3
REFERENCES ................................................................................................................. 3
DOCUMENT SET FOR SUBMISSION .................................................................................... 3
SECURITY MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................... 5
OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................................... 5
Deployment ............................................................................................................... 5
Software Blades ........................................................................................................ 6
Secure Internal Communication and Internal Certificate Authority ............................ 7
CRYPTOGRAPHIC MODULE .............................................................................................. 7
MODULE INTERFACES ..................................................................................................... 9
ROLES AND SERVICES ................................................................................................... 10
Remote Crypto Officer Role .................................................................................... 11
Local Crypto Officer Role ........................................................................................ 13
User Role ................................................................................................................ 15
Authentication Mechanisms .................................................................................... 16
Unauthenticated Services ....................................................................................... 17
PHYSICAL SECURITY ..................................................................................................... 17
OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................ 17
CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT ............................................................................. 17
SELF-TESTS ................................................................................................................. 22
Power-up Self-tests: ................................................................................................ 22
Conditional Self-tests: ............................................................................................. 23
Design Assurance ................................................................................................... 23
MITIGATION OF OTHER ATTACKS .................................................................................... 24
SECURE DELIVERY AND OPERATION ..................................................................... 25
SECURE DELIVERY........................................................................................................ 25
CRYPTO-OFFICER GUIDANCE ........................................................................................ 25
Installation and Initialization .................................................................................... 25
Management ........................................................................................................... 26
Termination ............................................................................................................. 26
FIPS MODE CONFIGURATION ........................................................................................ 26
Local Crypto-Officer Installation and Configuration Steps ....................................... 26
Post-Install Configuration Steps .............................................................................. 29
Remote Crypto-Officer Configuration Guidelines .................................................... 32
ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................. 37

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INTRODUCTION
Purpose
This non-proprietary cryptographic module Security Policy describes the
Check Point Software Technologies Ltd. (Check Point) Security
Management cryptographic module, Version R71 with R7x hotfix. This
security policy describes how the Security Management module meets the
security requirements of FIPS 140-2 and how to configure and operate the
module in the FIPS 140-2 Approved mode. This policy was prepared to
support the Level 1 FIPS 140-2 validation testing of the module on Check
Point SecurePlatform.

FIPS 140-2 (Federal Information Processing Standards Publication 140-2

— Security Requirements for Cryptographic Modules) details the U.S.
Government requirements for cryptographic modules. More information
about the FIPS 140-2 standard and validation program is available on the
NIST website at http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/STM.

Check Point’s Security Management Version R71 with R7x hotfix is

alternatively referenced in this document as Check Point’s Security
Management, Security Management server, the module, and the software.

References
This document deals only with operations and capabilities of the module in
the technical terms of a FIPS 140-2 cryptographic module. More
information is available on the module from the following sources:

The Check Point website (http://www.checkpoint.com/) contains

information on the full line of products from Check Point.

The NIST Validated Modules website

(http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/STM/cmvp/validation.html) provides contact
information for answers to technical or sales-related questions
regarding the module.
Document Set for Submission
This Security Policy document is one document in a complete FIPS 140-2
Submission Package. In addition to this document, the complete
Submission Package contains:

Security Policy Document (This document) titled,

Security Management Version R71 with R7x hotfix FIPS 140-2
Non-Proprietary Security Policy

Finite State Machine Document titled,

Security Management Version R71 with R7x hotfix FIPS 140-2
Finite State Machine

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 Vendor Evidence Documentation titled,
Security Management Version R71 with R7x hotfix Vendor
Evidence Documentation

R71 Installation and Upgrade Guide

Security Management Server R71 Administration Guide

The FIPS 140-2 Validation Submission Documentation is Check Point –

proprietary, with the exception of the Non-Proprietary Security Policy
Document.

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SECURITY MANAGEMENT
Overview
Check Point products are based on a 3-tier technology architecture where
a typical Check Point deployment is composed of a gateway, the Security
Management server and a SmartConsole GUI applications.

Deployment
There are two basic deployment approaches:

Standalone deployment - where the gateway and the Security Management

server are installed on the same machine.
Distributed deployment - where the gateway and the Security Management
server are installed on different machines.

A typical distributed deployment is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Typical R7x Security Management Server Deployment

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 This typical deployment includes the following components:

Gateways connect to the Internet on one side, and to a LAN on the

other.

A Virtual Private Network (VPN) can be created between

gateways, to secure all communication between them.

The Security Management server is installed in the LAN, so that it

is protected by a Security Gateway. The Security Management
server is the component that manages the gateways and allows
remote users to connect securely to the corporate network. The
Security Management server manages the database and policies,
and downloads policies to gateways.

SmartDashboard is a tool used to create, edit, and install policies.

It may be installed on the Security Management server or on any
other machine. SmartDashboard is one of a set of GUI applications
called SmartConsole for managing aspects of a corporate network.

Objects are created in SmartDashboard by the system

administrator to represent actual hosts and devices, as well as
intangible components such as services (for example, HTTP and
TELNET) and resources, (for example, URI and FTP). Each
component of an organization has a corresponding object which
represents it. Once these objects are created, they can be used in
the rules of the Security Policy. Objects are the building blocks of
Security Policy rules and are stored in the Objects database on the
Security Management server.

In addition to Check Point gateways, other OPSEC-partner

modules (such as an AntiVirus Server) can be deployed in order to
complete the network security in collaboration with the Security
Management server and gateways.

Software Blades
Software Blades are independent and flexible security modules installed in
the Security Management server that enable you to select the functions
you want to build into your Check Point Security Gateways. Some Security
Management Software Blades include (but are not limited to):

Network Policy Management

Logging & Status

Monitoring

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 Secure Internal Communication and Internal Certificate Authority
The Security Management server must be able to communicate with all
the gateways and partner-OPSEC applications that it manages, even
though they may be installed on different machines. And interactions
between nodes must take place to ensure that the gateways receive all
the necessary information — such as the Security Policy — from the
Security Management server.

Secure communication channels between nodes can be set up using

Secure Internal Communication (SIC). This ensures that these nodes can
communicate freely and securely using a simple communication
initialization process. The following security measures are taken to ensure
the safety of SIC:

Certificates for authentication are issued by the Security

Management server’s Internal Certificate Authority (ICA).

Standards-based SSL (TLS v1.0) for the creation of the secure

channel.

128 bit AES and Triple-DES for encryption.

The ICA management tool is the Secure Platform UI, Check Point’s
hardened Linux user interface tool, which allows a user to connect and
manage the ICA by using a browser. Secure Platform UI is off by default.
The Security Management server’s ICA is used for creating and revoking
certificates used in intra-TOE communications. ICA certificates are used
for securing management traffic between a Security Management server
and managed Check Point Software Blades R7x appliances. The ICA
publishes CRLs internally to TOE components. The ICA also generates
administrator certificates.

All internal communications between the Management GUI and the

Security Management server, between the Security Management server
and Check Point Software Blades R7x appliances as well as
communications with remote trusted IT entities that interact with the TOE
using OPSEC APIs (i.e. CVP or UFP servers) are protected using a
Secure Internal Communications mechanism that is based on the TLS
protocol. Certificates for SIC are generated and managed by the ICA and
are signed using SHA 256-bit hashing.

Cryptographic Module
Security Management is a firmware module intended to run on any
general purpose computer (GPC).

Note, within this Security Policy GPC denotes a standard computer

hardware platform (Intel x86), excluding any operating system such. The

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 term GPC excludes other processing platforms such as smart phones,
and smart cards.

When you install the Check Point software, a custom built operating
system (Check Point Secure Platform) is also installed. When installation
is complete, the module is locked in FIPS approved mode.

The Security Management cryptographic module is considered to be a

multi-chip standalone module for FIPS 140-2. It includes a hardened
operating system that is not general purpose and does not implement
physical security mechanisms.

FIPS 140-2 validation testing was performed using the following

operational environment configuration:

Check Point Smart-1 50

Module software and Check Point SecurePlatform™ Operating

System Version R7x

FIPS 140-2 validation is maintained so long as the same module is

installed onto any GPC with a compatible 32 bit x86 code-compatible CPU
e.g. Intel® Xeon®, AMD Opteron®, etc. The following figure shows the
GPC model Check Point Smart-1 50 (2 x Xeon E5410 2.33GHz
(Harpertown), Quad Core 2x6MB L2, 1333MHz FSB) used for testing.

Logically, the cryptographic boundary is composed of the Secure Platform

Operating System integrated with the Security Management software.
Physically, the cryptographic boundary of the module is the PC case,
which physically encloses the complete set of hardware and software. The
physical ports, logical interfaces, and FIPS logical interfaces are described
in Table 2.

The CMVP allows vendor porting of a validated level 1 firmware

cryptographic module from the GPC specified on the validation certificate

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 to a GPC that was not included as part of the validation status, as long as
no source code modifications are required. The validation status is
maintained on the new GPC without re-testing the cryptographic module
on the new GPC. The CMVP makes no statement as to the correct
operation of the module when so ported if the specific operational
environment is not listed on the validation certificate.

The module meets the FIPS 140-2 requirements for an overall Level 1
validation. The following table summarizes the individual FIPS 140-2
requirements sections as outlined in the FIPS 140-2 Derived Test
Requirements (DTR) document, as well as the level implemented by the
module for each section.

Section Section Title Level

1 Cryptographic Module Specification 1
2 Cryptographic Module Ports and Interfaces 1
3 Roles, Services, and Authentication 2
4 Finite State Model 1
5 Physical Security 1
6 Operational Environment N/A
7 Cryptographic Key Management 1
8 EMI/EMC 1
9 Self-tests 1
10 Design Assurance 3
11 Mitigation of Other Attacks N/A
Table 1 –Security Level Implemented Per FIPS 140-2 Test Section

Although the module consists entirely of software, the FIPS 140-2

evaluated platforms are standard Personal Computer enclosures, which
each meet the applicable FCC EMI and EMC requirements for business
use as defined by 47 Code of Federal Regulations, Part15, Subpart B.

Module Interfaces
As a multi-chip standalone module implemented on a standard (PC), the
physical ports of the module include the computer’s network ports,
keyboard/mouse ports, USB ports, and serial ports. All of these physical
ports are separated into logical interfaces by the module software, and
these software logical interfaces are then mapped into FIPS 140-2 logical
interfaces, as described in the following table.

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 FIPS 140-2 Logical Logical Interface Standard PC Physical
Interface Port
Data input interface User Interface (UI) for the Network ports
Secure Platform, Network
Layer IP interface
Data output interface User Interface (UI) for the Network ports
Security Management server,
Network Layer IP interface
Control input interface User Interface (UI) for the Keyboard ports, USB ports,
Security Management server, serial console, network
Network Layer IP interface ports, power switch
Status output interface User Interface (UI) for the Network ports, serial
Security Management server, console, video port, LCD
Network Layer IP interface, Display.
Log files
Power interface N/A Power connector
Table 2 – Mapping Standard PC Physical Ports and Logical Interfaces to FIPS 140-2 Interfaces

The logical interfaces are separated by the UIs that distinguish between
data input, data output, control input and status output through the
dialogues. Similarly, the module distinguishes between different forms of
data, control and status traffic over the Network ports by analyzing the
packets header information and contents. Log files are only utilized for
status output.

Roles and Services

The module supports three distinct roles:

Remote Crypto-Officer (on page 11)

Local Crypto-Officer (on page 13)

User (on page 15)

The module uses digital signatures and passwords for authentication.

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 Firewall Rule Base

Objects Tree

Objects List

SmartMap

Figure 2. – Easy to Use Management Tools (SmartDashboard)

This section lists system services available to each of the above roles. All
of the listed services are available in FIPS mode and in non-FIPS mode
except the System Management Command to apply an upgrade or hotfix
(patch) is not available in FIPS mode.

Note Do not apply upgrades, hotfixes or patches as any change to the

validated module firmware will invalidate the FIPS module.

Remote Crypto Officer Role

The Remote Crypto-Officer role performs primary configuration of Security
Management server. After authenticating, the Remote Crypto-Officer uses
a powerful set of management tools (SmartDashboard) to configure and
monitor the module. The remote management session uses TLS to ensure
security.

The role of the Remote Crypto-Officer includes refinement of

administrative permissions, generation and destruction of keys, user
access control and creation of the information database. Each
management server (i.e., Remote Crypto-Officer) authenticates to the
module through TLS using digital certificates. After authenticating, the

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 Remote Crypto-Officers use Check Point management software to
manage the module over the secure TLS session.

Descriptions of the services available to the Crypto Officer role are

provided in the Table 3 below.

Service Description Input Output Critical Security

Parameter (CSP)
Access
TLS Access the module’s TLS handshake TLS outputs and RSA key pair for
TLS to create a parameters, TLS data management (read
secure session for inputs, data access);
remotely managing Session keys for
the module. management
(read/write access);
DRBG SP 800-90A
seed keys, V & C
values (read access)
Create and Define users and user Commands and Status of None
Configure groups allows the configuration commands and
Users/User Crypto-Officer to data (policy files) configuration
Groups create permission for data (policy files)
individual users or a
whole group of users;
set permissions such
as access hours, user
priority, authentication
mechanisms,
protocols allowed,
filters applied, and
types of encryption
Define and Configure and install Commands and Status of None
Implement security policies that configuration commands and
Security Polices are applied to the data (policy files) configuration
network and users. data (policy files)
These policies contain
a set of rules that
govern the
communications
flowing into and out of
the module, and
provide the Crypto-
Officer with a means
to control the types of
traffic permitted to flow
through the module.
Management of Configure the digital Commands and Status of RSA key pair for
keys certificates configuration commands and Secure Internal
data (policy files) configuration Communication
data (policy files) (read/write access).

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 Service Description Input Output Critical Security
Parameter (CSP)
Access
Initialization of Establish trust Commands and Status of RSA key pair for
Secure Internal between management configuration commands management
Communication server and the data (SIC policy) (read/write access)
(SIC) Security Management
server module to allow
configuration of the
module’s services

Monitoring Provides detailed Commands Status of None

information for both commands and
monitoring of status
connection activities information
and the system status (logs)
Password Enable remote crypto User ID and Authentication Password
Authentication officers to log in to Password Status
the web interface.
Status Output The output indicators Service Inputs Service Outputs CSPs that are
described for all accessed by the
services. services used.
Table 3 – Remote Crypto Officer Services, Descriptions, Inputs and Outputs
Local Crypto Officer Role
The Local Crypto-Officer role is responsible for the installation, minimal
configuration, and removal of the Security Management server. These
operations are performed locally using physical access to the PC the
module is installed on.

Local operators authenticate to the module using a user name and

password. Once authenticated, the operator implicitly assumes the role of
Local Crypto-Officer and can access the various CLI utilities and
configurations available to that role.

Table 4 contains a list of all of the services available to the Local Crypto-
Officer, a description of those services along with the relevant CLI
commands, the inputs to the services, and the outputs of the services.

Service Description with CLI commands Input Output CSP

FIPS mode Switch to FIPS mode and enable Command and Status of None
integrity check. any options commands
Power-up self Power up the Module AES-
test. system or powers up CMAC
power cycle the without error. firmware
system. integrity
key,

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Service Description with CLI commands Input Output CSP
Manage CLI Switch between standard and expert Commands, Status of Local
settings CLI modes (expert); any options, commands Crypto-
Logout of the CLI (exit); and password Officer
Change the logged in Local Crypto- (for switching password
Officer’s password (passwd) between CLI (read/write
modes) access)
Manage ICA Sign and Revoke certificates Commands, Status of ICA RSA
Settings (cpconfig) any options, commands private
and password key
View local help List available commands and their Commands Status of None
documentation respective descriptions. commands
and status
information
(help
information)
Get and set View/change date (date); Commands, Status of None
date and time view/change time (time); any options, commands
view time zone (timezone) and date or and status
time settings information
(date, time, or
time zone
information)
System Display or clear audit logs (audit); Commands, Status of None
management backup the system configuration any options, commands
commands (backup); and and status
restore the system configuration configuration information
(restore); parameters (logs)
reboot the module (reboot);
shutdown the module (shutdown);
apply an upgrade or hotfix (patch) – not
available in FIPS mode
System Change logging options (log); Commands Status of None
diagnostic Display top 15 processes ranked by and any commands
commands CPU usage (top); options and status
display or send diagnostic information information
(diag) (process list
or diagnostic
information)
Check Point Install licenses, configure the SNMP Command Status of None
module daemon, modify the list of Unix groups (cpconfig), commands/m
commands authorized to register a cryptographic menu options, enu options
token and configure the one time SIC and and status
password (all functionality is provided configuration information
through text-based menuing system information (configuration
after executing cpconfig) information)

Network Ping network hosts (ping); Commands Status of None

diagnostic trace the route of packets to a host and any commands
commands (traceroute); options and status
show network statistics (netstat) information
(diagnostic
information)

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Service Description with CLI commands Input Output CSP
Network Show and modify the kernel’s ARP Commands, Status of None
configuration cache (arp); any options, commands
commands show, set, or remove hostname to IP and and status
mappings (hosts); configuration information
show, configure, and store network information (configuration
interface settings (ifconfig); information)
configure virtual LAN interfaces
(vconfig);
show and configure routing entries
(route);
get or modify the system’s host name
(hostname);
get or set the system’s domain name
(domainname);
show, add, or remove domain name
servers (dns);
interactive script for configuring the
network and security settings of the
system (sysconfig)
Key/CSP The Local Crypto-Officer can zeroize all None None All CSPs
zeroization of the module’s CSPs by reformatting stored on
the hard drive the module is installed the
on. module’s
hard drive
Password Enable local crypto officers to log in to User ID and Authentication Password
Authentication the CLI. Password Status
Status Output The output indicators described for all Service Inputs Service Password
services. Outputs (input for
authentica
tion only)
Non-Approved Service
Upgrade and Enables a local crypto officer to apply Commands N/A N/A
Hotfix Service software upgrades and hotfixes. and any
Do not use as any change to the options
validated module firmware will
invalidate the module.
Table 4 – Local Crypto-Officer Services, Descriptions, Inputs and Outputs
User Role
The User role is for users that are accessing the module from remote
locations to perform management operations for managed devices such
as security gateway and Connectra systems. These users can
authenticate the module through TLS using digital certificates, and they
authenticate themselves to the module using password authentication.

Once authenticated, an encrypted tunnel is established between the

Check Point Security Management server and the user.

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Service Description Input Output CSP
TLS Access the module’s TLS to TLS TLS outputs RSA key pair for
create a secure session for handshake and data management (read
remotely managing managed parameters, access);
devices. TLS inputs, Session keys for
data management
(read/write access);
DRBG SP 800-90A
seed keys, V & C
values (read access)
Manage Perform operations affecting Clicking on Status of None
managed managed devices GUI objects, operations
devices entering values
into dialog
boxes.
View local help Show help screens for Clicking the Help None
documentation available GUI operations. help pull down information
menu and
choosing help
topics.
Password Enable users to log in to the User ID and Authentication Password
Authentication web interface. Password Status
Status Output The output indicators described Service Inputs Service CSPs that are
for all services. Outputs accessed by the
services used.
Table 5 – User Role Services, Descriptions, Inputs and Outputs
Authentication Mechanisms
The module implements password-based authentication, RSA-based
authentication, and HMAC-based authentication mechanisms.

Authentication Type Strength

RSA-based authentication RSA encryption/decryption (role-based methodology)
(TLS handshake) is used to authenticate to the module during the TLS
handshake. This mechanism is as strong as the RSA
algorithm using a key pair of either 2048 or 4096 bits.
Using a 2048 bit key pair is generally considered
equivalent to brute forcing a 112 bit key (i.e., a 1 in
2^112 chance of false positive).
Password-based Passwords (identity-based methodology) are required
authentication to be between 6 and 128 characters long, a mixture of
alphabetic and numeric characters, at least four
different characters, and not to use simple dictionary
words or common strings such as “qwerty.”
Considering only the case sensitive English alphabet
and the numerals 0-9 using a 6 digit password with
repetition, the number of potential passwords is 62^6.
Table 6 – Estimated Strength of Authentication Mechanisms
Each authentication mechanism shown in Table demonstrates that a
single, random authentication attempt has less than a 1:1,000,000 chance
at success (i.e., a false positive).

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 Repeated attempts to randomly guess the authentication data within a 1-
minute period would require the following attempt rates:

RSA-based: ( (2^112) / (100,000 *60) ) = 8.6538281 × 1026 attempts

per second
Password-based ( (62^6) / (100,000 *60) ) = 9467 attempts per minute

The cryptographic module cannot process repeated authentication

attempts at these frequencies. Additionally, when operating in Approved
Mode, the module only allows a maximum of three unsuccessful
password-based attempts before imposing a 60 minute lockout period.
The module successfully meets the FIPS 140-2 requirements for strength
of authentication for all of its authentication mechanisms.
Unauthenticated Services
The cryptographic module does not provide any unauthenticated services.
All module services are available only to authenticated operators
assuming either a Crypto Officer or a User role.

Physical Security
Check Point Security Management is a firmware module and runs on a
production grade GPC.

Operational Environment
The FIPS 140-2 Operational Environment requirements do not apply to
this module. Check Point Security Management server does not provide a
general-purpose operating system nor does it provide a mechanism to
load new software.

The cryptographic module is software and was tested under the Check
Point SecurePlatform™ operating system on the processor types provided
by General Purpose Computing platforms in the configurations shown in
section Cryptographic Module on page 7. These processor types are also
reflected in the module’s cryptographic algorithm validation certificates.

Cryptographic Key Management

Check Point adheres to FIPS-Approved cryptographic standards and
provides the strongest cryptography available. Check Point Security
Management server’s efficient implementation of standard cryptographic
algorithms ensures the highest level of interoperability. In addition, the
module’s implementations provide some of the fastest system
performance available in software.

Security Management server provides the capability to use TLSv1 to

secure management sessions.

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 The Check Point Security Management server cryptographic module
implements the following FIPS-Approved algorithms (NIST-assigned
algorithm validation certificate numbers shown in boxed items):

Data Encryption:

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in CBC mode (128 or 256 bit

keys) – as per NIST FIPS PUB 197

Security Management server R7x

Certificate #1835

Triple DES in CBC mode (e/d KO 1,2) – as per NIST FIPS PUB 46-3

Security Management server R7x

Certificates #1186 and #1187

Data Integrity:

HMAC-SHA-1 (20 byte) – as per NIST PUB FIPS 198, RFC 2104
(HMAC: Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication), and RFC 2404.

Security Management server R7x

Certificates #1087 and #1088

Data Hashing:

Secure Hash Standard (SHS SHA-1, SHA-256, SHA-384, and SHA-

512) – as per NIST PUB FIPS
180-2

Security Management server R7x

Certificates #1613 and #1614

DRBG:

DRBG SP 800-90A Implementation

Security Management server R7x

Certificate #145

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 HASH-DRBG with SHA-256 and a seed length of 440 bits in
accordance with SP 800-90A

Digital Signatures:

RSA – PKCS#1 and ANSI X9.31 key generation.

Security Management server R7x
Certificate #924

The RSA implementation is used both for signature generation and

verification (per PKCS#1), and also for key transfer when
supporting Distributed Key Management (DKM) implemented in
managed devices.

The module implements the following protocols permitted for use in a

FIPS-Approved mode of operation (per FIPS 140-2 Implementation
Guidance 7.1):

Session Security:

TLS v1.0 – as per RFC 2246

TLS v1.0 is equivalent to Secure Socket Layer (SSL) v3.1.

Key Wrapping (Key Agreement / Key Establishment):

Encryption strength is determined by using the equation provided in

FIPS 140-2 Implementation Guidance 7.5 and NIST Special
Publication 800-57, Part 1. Encryption strength is a function of the
key size implemented.

The RSA key wrapping methodology (used by TLS), provides

112 bits or 150 bits of encryption strength.

The module supports key entry though TLS using 3-key Triple-
DES session keys. Triple-DES (Cert. #1186), key wrapping;
key establishment methodology provides 112 bits of encryption
strength.

The module supports key entry though TLS using AES session
keys. AES (Cert #1835), key wrapping; key establishment
methodology provides 256 bits of encryption strength.

In addition, the Check Point Security Management server provides the

following algorithms that are not approved for FIPS:

CAST (40 or 128 bit keys)

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 HMAC-MD5 (16 bytes) – as per RFC 2104 (HMAC: Keyed-Hashing
for Message Authentication) and RFC 2403 (The Use of HMAC-
MD5-96 within ESP and AH).

MD5

DES

AES CMAC

The following is a list of the Critical Security Parameters (CSPs) implemented by

the module:

Key Key type Generation Storage Use

Local Crypto-Officer N/A Entered by local Stored on disk (/etc/password) - Local Crypto-
passwords crypto officer plaintext Officer
authentication

Remote Crypto N/A Entered by Stored as a SHA256 hash on disk. Crypto Officer
Officer Password remote crypto Authentication
officer

User Password N/A Entered by user Stored as a SHA256 hash on disk. User
Authentication

RSA key pair for RSA key pair Internal, ANSI Stored on disk in P12 format Authentication
management (2048 or 4096 X9.31 compliant ($CPDIR/conf/sic_cert.p12) during TLS
bits) (considered plaintext) handshake

RSA key pairs for RSA key pair Internal, ANSI Not Stored. Exported to managed Used by
managed devices (2048 or 4096 X9.31 compliant devices. managed
bits) devices.

Session keys for AES (256 Bits) Generated by Cached to disk Secure TLS traffic
management or TDES TLS handshake ($CPDIR$/database/session.NDBX) - (SIC)
plaintext

HMAC session key HMAC Generated by Cached to disk Authenticated

for management TLS handshake ($CPDIR$/database/session.NDBX) - TLS traffic
plaintext

DRBG SP 800-90A Seed Key of Generated by RAM only, but entropy used to Random bit
HASH_DRBG seed 440 bits gathering entropy generate keys is cached to generator
keys according to SP disk
800-90A. ($CPDIR/registry/HKLM_registry.data
and
$CPDIR/registry/HKLM_registry.data.
old) - plaintext

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 DRBG SP 800-90A Internal state Internal state RAM only Random bit
HASH_DRBG V & for the derived from seed generator
C values Hash_DRBG value

Integrity Check key AES-CMAC Generated Hardcoded into the CPHASH Module firmware
outside the binary. integrity check
module.

Table 7 – Listing of the Module’s CSPs

The Local Crypto-Officer passwords are used to authenticate the Local

Crypto-Officer to the CLI. Additionally, these passwords are used to switch
CLI modes and to access the bootloader. These passwords are
configured by the local Crypto-Officer over the CLI or by the Remote
Crypto-Officer over an authenticated, encrypted management session.
These passwords are stored on the module’s hard drive, and can be
zeroized by changing the password or reformatting the hard drive.

When DKM is used, the key pair is generated internally by the module.
The Local Crypto Officer configures the module for either internal key
generation or to import external keys from the management station. This
key pair is stored on the module’s hard drive in plaintext and can be
zeroized by reformatting the module’s hard drive containing the module’s
software. Additionally, it can be overwritten by generating a new RSA key
pair.

Session keys for management session are established by the TLS

handshake protocol. These keys are used to encrypt management
session and are generated as needed by the TLS handshake. These keys
are stored in volatile memory as well as cached to disk for possible reuse.
The keys in volatile memory can be zeroized by powering down the
module. The keys cached to disk can be zeroized by reformatting the hard
drive containing the module’s software.

The AES-CMAC integrity check key is generated externally from the

module and is hard-coded into the cphash binary. This key is stored on
the module’s hard drive in plaintext and is used to perform the firmware
integrity check. The keys cached to disk can be zeroized by reformatting
the partition (or whole hard drive).

The SP 800-90A random bit generator (DRBG) seed keys are generated
by the module using entropy gathered from various sources. The entropy
used to generate these keys is cached to the module’s hard drive and is
used by the SP 800-90A RNG. The seed length is 440 bits in accordance
with SP800-90A. This entropy can be zeroized by reformatting the hard
drive containing the module’s software.

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 Self-Tests
The module performs a set of self-tests in order to ensure proper
operation in compliance with FIPS 140-2. These self-tests are run during
power-up (power-up self-tests) or when certain conditions are met
(conditional self-tests).

Power-up Self-tests:
Software Integrity Tests: The module checks the integrity of its various
components using an AES-CMAC.

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 Cryptographic Algorithm Known Answer Tests (KATs): KATs are run at
power-up for the following algorithms:

AES-CBC KAT

Triple-DES-CBC KAT

DRBG KAT

RSA (encrypt/decrypt) and (sign/verify) KAT tests

SHA-1 KAT

SHA-256 KAT

SHA-384 KAT

SHA-512 KAT

SHA-1 HMAC KAT

Conditional Self-tests:
Continuous DRBG Test: This test is constantly run to detect failure
of the module’s random number generator.

RSA pair-wise consistency test: This test is run by the module

whenever RSA key pairs are generated internally.

If any of the kernel module KATs fail, the system enters the kernel panic
state. If any one of the service KATs fails, that service halts and the
system enters the error state. If the KATs are passed (by both the kernel
modules and the services), the success is logged to the Check Point log. If
the power-up software integrity check fails, the system enters the integrity
check failure state, halts, and has to be restarted. If the software integrity
check passes, the event is logged to the Check Point log. If the continuous
RNG test fails, the system reboots. All errors are logged to the Check
Point logs.

When the module enters the error state, all cryptographic services and
data output for the problem service is halted until the error state is cleared.
Restarting the module or the failed service can clear the error state.

Design Assurance
Check Point uses a hybrid configuration management system for its
products and documentation management needs. Both CVS and
Rational® ClearCase® are used for configuration management of product
source code releases. These software applications provide access control,

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 versioning, and logging capabilities for tracking the components included
in the various Check Point products. Manual configuration management
controls are utilized for the associated product documentation. A formal
process has been implemented whereby a log is kept of all product
documentation and updates. Product documentation releases are tied to
versions of the cryptographic module and source code build releases
through this log.

Subversion is used to provide configuration management and archival for

the module’s FIPS 140-2 documentation. This document database
application provides access control, versioning, and logging for documents
created in support of FIPS 140-2 validation testing efforts.

Mitigation of Other Attacks

The module does not provide mitigation against other attacks. It is
designed to meet the overall FIPS 140-2 level 1 requirements and
provides the standard level of security that comes with meeting those
requirements.

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SECURE DELIVERY AND OPERATION
Check Point Security Management server meets overall Level 1
requirements for FIPS 140-2. The sections below describe how to
securely deliver the module to authorized operators, and includes how to
place and keep the module in FIPS-approved mode of operation.

Secure Delivery
The cryptographic module ships from the manufacturer to the customer
without any cryptographic keys. The only critical security parameter (CSP)
is the default password contained in the ISO image that is configured
during installation. All other cryptographic keys and CSPs are generated
by the Internal Certificate Authority after the module is installed and
initially powered up.

When the module powers up, software integrity tests check the integrity of
its various components using an error detection code (EDC) calculated by
the cphash binary when FIPS mode is enabled.

Other known answer tests (see Self-Tests on page 22 in this document for
a complete description of known answer tests) confirm the correct
operation of cryptographic algorithms and security functions. If any of
these tests fail, the module will not initialize.

Crypto-Officer Guidance
Installation and Initialization
The Local Crypto-Officer is responsible for installation and initialization of
the module, configuration and management of the module, and removal of
the module. More details on how to use the module can be found in the
Check Point Security Management server user manuals.

The Local Crypto-Officer receives the module in a shrink wrapped

package containing a CD-ROM with the Security Management server
installation media and user documentation. The Crypto-Officer should
examine the package and shrink wrap for evidence of tampering. Tamper-
evidence includes tears, scratches, and other irregularities in the
packaging.

Before the installation of the module, there is no access control provided

by the module. Therefore, the Local Crypto-Officer must maintain control
of the installation media.

During installation, the Local Crypto-Officer boots a standard PC from the

CD-ROM containing the module’s software. The Crypto-Officer will walk
through a series of steps, and must follow the directions above to properly
configure the module for FIPS 140-2 compliance.

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 The Local Crypto-Officer password for the module is a default after
installation. Before this is changed, the Crypto-Officer must maintain
control of the module. This must be changed immediately upon logging
into the module after installation.

The Local Crypto-Officer must establish the SIC configuration and create
the Internal CA using cpconfig after logging into the module for the first
time. Once this has been completed, the module has been adequately
initialized and can be managed from a SmartConsole GUI.

Management
Once initialization of the module has been completed, the Remote Crypto-
Officer must manage the module using SmartDashboard. Through this
GUI, the Crypto-Officer is able to configure policies for the module.

The Remote Crypto-Officer is responsible for maintaining the module.

Besides management of the module, this involves monitoring the module’s
logs. If unusual or suspicious activity is found, the Crypto-Officer must
take the module offline and investigate.

If the module consistently malfunctions or otherwise repeatedly enters an

error state, the Remote or Local Crypto-Officer must contact the
manufacturer.

Note Do not apply upgrades, hotfixes or patches as any change to the

validated module firmware will invalidate the FIPS module.

Termination
At the end of the life cycle of the module, the Local Crypto-Officer must
reformat the hard drive containing the module’s software. This will zeroize
all keys and other CSPs.

FIPS Mode Configuration

Local Crypto-Officer Installation and Configuration Steps
The Local Crypto-Officer must perform the following operations during
installation and initialization of the module in order to enable the FIPS
mode of operation.

Note - The TCP/IP network protocol must be installed, properly

configured, and operational before you begin the installation process.

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 To Install and Configure the SecurePlatform:

1. Install the Secure Platform operating system. The module

automatically reboots the system once this is completed.

Note: when installing onto some computing platforms, it will be

necessary to load the software from a temporarily-connected USB
CD-ROM or via the network interface by using FTP.

2. Connect to the server's IP address over https

(https://<ip_address>), or using the command line.

3. Log in with the user name: admin and password: admin .

4. When prompted, change the admin password. You can also

change the admin user name.

5. Run: sysconfig
The first-time system configuration wizard starts. Press n to
continue.

6. In the Network Configuration menu, configure these options and

press n to continue:

Host Name

Domain Name

DNS server

Network Interfaces

Routing Configuration

7. In the Time and Date Configuration menu, configure these

options and press n to continue:

Date

Time and time zone

To Install the Software Blades:

8. To continue with choosing the Software Blades, press n.

If you want to import a configuration file of another SecurePlatform

installation, press 1 and see the Advanced Upgrade on
SecurePlatform in the Installation and Upgrade Guide.

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 9. The installation wizard welcome message appears. Press N.

10. Read the End User License agreement and press Y to accept the
terms.

11. Select:

New Installation - press N to continue the installation process.

Installation Using Imported Configuration - the installation

process looks for an exported configuration file.

12. In the Software Blades screen, select the blades you wish to
install and press N to continue.

13. If you select Security Management server, select whether it

should be installed as a primary Security Management Server
secondary Security Management server, or a Log server without
the Security Management component and press N.

14. If you selected SmartEvent and SmartReporter, select one or

more of the Software Blades and press N:

SmartEvent

SmartReporter

SmartEvent Correlation unit

15. If you selected Security Management Server and Endpoint

Security Server, you should install the Endpoint Security server as
a Primary Endpoint Security server in standalone mode and press
N. If you only selected Endpoint Security Server, select one of the
Software Blades and press N:

Primary Endpoint Security Server. If you selected primary,

decide whether it should be installed as a

Endpoint Security server - standalone installation

Endpoint Security server - distributed installation

Secondary Endpoint Security Server.

Connection Point.

16. A message validates your choice of Software Blades. Press N to

continue.

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 The required installation files are extracted and Software Blades
installed.

Post-Install Configuration Steps

The Configuration Tool runs automatically after the installation process is
complete. The Configuration Tool can also be run manually by running the
cpconfig command. The configuration features for a Security
Management server include:

Licenses: Generates a license for the Security Management server

and the gateway.

Administrators: Creates an administrator with Security Management

server access permissions. The administrator must have Read/Write
permissions in order to create the first security policy.

GUI Clients: Creates a list of names or IP addresses for machines that

can connect to the Security Management server using SmartConsole.

Certificate Authority: Provides definitions that are used to initiate the

Internal Certificate Authority, which enables secure communication
between the Security Management server and its gateways. For some
operating systems, such as Windows, you must specify the name of
the host where the ICA resides. You may use the default name or
provide your own. The ICA name should be in the hostname.domain
format, for example, ica.checkpoint.com.

Fingerprint: Verifies the identity of the Security Management server the

first time you log in to SmartConsole. Upon SmartConsole login, a
Fingerprint is displayed. This Fingerprint must match the Fingerprint
shown in the Configuration Tool window in order for authentication to
succeed. You may want to export this Fingerprint for verification
purposes when you log in to SmartConsole for the first time.

To configure Using the Configuration Tool:

1. Start the Configuration Tool, cpconfig, if not already running.

2. Add Licenses. Perform one or both of the following procedures:

Fetch one or more licenses from a file.

Add a license manually.

3. Add Administrators. Only one administrator can be added that uses

SmartConsole to connect to the Security Management server.
Additional administrators can be added using SmartDashboard.

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 4. Define GUI Clients.

Important - If you do not define at least one GUI client, you can
only manage the Security Management server from a local GUI
client that runs on the same machine as the Security Management
server.

You can add a GUI client using any of the following formats:

IP address: For example, 1.2.3.4.

IP/net mask: A range of IP addresses, for example,

192.168.10.0/255.255.255.0.

Machine name: For example, Alice, or Alice.checkpoint.com.

Any: Any IP address.

IP1-IP2: A range of IP addresses, for example, 192.168.10.8 -

192.168.10.16.

Wild cards: For example, 192.168.10.*

5. Initialize the Internal Certificate Authority.

This option enables you to initialize an Internal Certificate Authority

(ICA) on the Security Management server and a Secure Internal
Communication (SIC) certificate for the Security Management
server. SIC certificates authenticate communication between Check
Point communicating components, or between Check Point
communicating components and OPSEC applications.

Important - Components can communicate with each other only

after the Certificate Authority is initialized and each component has
received a SIC certificate.

6. Export the Security Management server's fingerprint to a text file.

The fingerprint, a text string derived from the Security Management

server certificate, is used to verify the identity of the Security
Management server that is being accessed through SmartConsole.
The first time SmartConsole connects to the Security Management
server, compare this string to the string displayed in
SmartDashboard.

7. Start the installed products.

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 To Authenticate the Administrator:

During the login process, administrators connect to the Security

Management server through SmartDashboard using the same process as
SmartConsole clients. The administrator and the Security Management
server are first authenticated (to create a secure channel of
communication) and then the selected SmartConsole starts.

After the first login, the administrator can create a certificate for
subsequent logins. For additional information on how to create a
certificate, refer to the R7x Security Management Server Administration
Guide.

1. Open SmartDashboard by selecting Start > Programs > Check

Point SmartConsole >SmartDashboard.

2. Log in using the User Name and Password defined in the

Configuration Tool's Administrators page during the Security
Management server installation on page 26.

If you are using a locally stored certificate to authenticate your

connection, browse to its location and enter the certificate's
password. The certificate's password can be changed by expanding
the More Options link and clicking Change Password.

3. Specify the name or IP address of the target Security Management

server and click OK.

4. Decide whether to connect in Read Only mode. This mode enables

you to view the current configuration without accidentally changing
it. It also gives access to Security Management server when
another designated administrator is already connected.

5. More Options. Clicking the More Options link enables you to fine
tune how SmartDashboard connects to Security Management
server.

The Change Password button in the Certificate

Management area of the dialog enables you to change the
password that protects the certificate.

Session Description. Descriptive information entered here

populates the Session ID field available in SmartView
Tracker's Audit Mode. The field can be used to explain why
a particular administrator is connecting to Security
Management server.

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 Use compressed connection. This option optimizes the
connection to Security Management server. By default, the
connection to Security Management server is compressed.
For a very large configuration database, disabling the
compression may help reduce load on the Security
Management server.

Do not save recent connections information. By default,

SmartDashboard server remembers the last user ID and
Security Management server to which a connection was
made. Select this option to prevent SmartDashboard from
displaying the last administrator and Security Management
server to which the administrator successfully connected.

Plug-in Demo Mode. This option enables SmartDashboard

demo mode to display windows and options specific to a
particular Plug-in. Select the Plug-in from the Versions drop-
down box. 6. Manually authenticate the Security
Management server using the Fingerprint provided during
the configuration process.

Note Do not apply upgrades, hotfixes or patches as any change to the

validated module firmware will invalidate the FIPS module.

Remote Crypto-Officer Configuration Guidelines

The Remote Crypto-Officer must follow these guidelines for configuring
the modules services.

Authentication during TLS must employ digital certificates. Additionally,

only the following FIPS-approved algorithms may be used by TLS:

Data Encryption
AES
Triple-DES

Data Packet Integrity

HMAC-SHA1

Authentication
Certificates

The following figures contain screen-shots that illustrate the module’s

FIPS mode settings:

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 Figure 3 – Only FIPS-Approved Algorithms may be used with TLS

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 Figure 4 – Only FIPS-Approved Algorithms may be used with TLS

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 Figure 5 – Configuring the module to enable Distributed Key Management (DKM) globally for managed
devices

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 Figure 6 – Configuring the module to generate RSA keys with DKM on a per-certificate basis

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ACRONYMS
AH Authentication Header
ANSI American National Standards Institute
CA Certificate Authority
CBC Cipher Block Chaining
CLI Command Line Interface
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
CSP Critical Security Parameter
DKM Distributed Key Management
DRBG Deterministic Random Bit Generator.
Also known as a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG).
DSA Digital Signature Standard
ECC Elliptic Curve Cryptography
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
EMI Electromagnetic Interference
ESP Encapsulating Security Payload
FCC Federal Communication Commission
FIPS Federal Information Processing Standard
FP Feature Pack
HF Hot Fix
ICA Internal Certificate Authority
IKE Internet Key Exchange
KAT Known Answer Test
LED Light Emitting Diode
MAC Message Authentication Code
NG Next Generation
NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology
NVLAP National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program
PC Personal Computer
PRNG Pseudo Random Number Generator
RAM Random Access Memory
RIP Routing Information Protocol
RSA Rivest Shamir and Adleman
SA Security Association
SHA Secure Hash Algorithm
SIC Secure Internal Communications
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
SP Secure Platform
SSH Secure Shell
SVN Secure Virtual Network
TLS Transport Layer Security
VPN Virtual Private Network

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