Professional Diploma in
Sports Nutrition
Module 1
Lesson 7:
How to Apply Your Knowledge
EQF Level 5
Professional Diploma
Impact of Nutrition
➢ Nutrition is individualised
➢ You need to tailor what you learn to
suit your personal needs
➢ Needs will depend on:
- age
- gender
- personal goals
- metabolism
- general health
What is a Calorie?
➢ Calorie = unit of energy
➢ Calories are the energy we acquire from
food
➢ Number of calories in a food = the amount
of energy in it
➢ 1g CHO = 4 kcal
➢ 1g PRO = 4 kcal
➢ 1g Fat = 9 kcal
➢ 1g Alcohol = 7 kcal
Energy Balance
Energy Balance
Energy Balance
60-80% of daily energy expenditure
Synthesis, secretion and metabolism of
enzymes and hormones
Maintenance of body temperature
Brain function
Work of cardiac and respiratory muscles
Cell function and replacement
Factors Affecting Energy
Requirements
1. Metabolic response to food- ingestion,
digestion, absorption, transport
- Dietary induced thermogenesis
(6-10% of energy expenditure)
2. Physical activity- varies the most
3. Growth- varies throughout lifecycle
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Energy Balance
Thermic
Effect of
Food
(6-10%)
Physical Activity
(15-30%) Resting
Metabolic Rate
(RMR) (60-80%)
Estimating Calories
➢ Most commonly used for estimating energy
requirements
➢ Use age, gender and weight to predict RMR
➢ Original equation derived on a study of 5000
healthy adults
Method
➢ 1. Estimate RMR using predictive equation
➢ 2. Multiply by a PAL factor for exercise
Calories
1 kg = 2.2 pounds
Your weight in pounds ÷ 2.2
= your weight in kg
e.g 180 pounds
180 ÷ 2.2 = 82kg
Estimating RMR
Age RMR (Kcal/24 hours)
Years Males Females
10-18 (17.5 x kg body wt) + 651 (12.2 x kg body wt) + 749
19-30 (15.3 x kg body wt) + 679 (14.7 x kg body wt) + 496
31-60 (11.6 x kg body wt) + 879 (8.7 x kg body wt) + 829
>60 (13.5 x kg body wt) + 487 (10.5 x kg body wt) + 596
What is your PAL?
Male Female
Activity Level Average Range Average Range
Bed Rest 1.2 1.1-1.3 1.2 1.1-1.3
Very Sedentary 1.3 1.2-1.4 1.3 1.2-1.4
Sedentary/ maintenance 1.4 1.3-1.5 1.4 1.3-1.5
Light 1.5 1.4-1.6 1.5 1.4-1.6
Light moderate 1.7 1.6-1.8 1.6 1.5-1.7
Moderate 1.8 1.7-1.9 1.7 1.6-1.8
Heavy 2.1 1.9-2.3 1.8 1.7-1.9
Very Heavy 2.3 2.0-2.6 2.0 1.8-2.2
What is your PAL?
Sedentary or light activities:
Sedentary occupation and lifestyle-
Eating, Sleeping, Working, Cooking
Sitting
Light or moderately active:
sedentary occupations but do regular physical activity 1 hour
Heavy/very heavy lifestyles:
Regular strenuous work or leisure activity for several hours
Calculate Energy Requirements
Your daily
calorie = RMR x PAL
requirements
Calculate Energy
Requirements
➢ Re-assess your calorie needs every
4-6 weeks
➢ They may change with
- weight change
- routine change
- training regime change
Claire
➢ Teacher
➢ 26
➢ Workout 6-7 times a
week for 2-3 hours
➢ 57kg/125 lbs
Calculate Energy Requirements
Age RMR (Kcal/24 hours)
Years Males Females
10-18 (17.5 x kg body wt) + 651 (12.2 x kg body wt) + 749
19-30 (15.3 x kg body wt) + 679 (14.7 x kg body wt) + 496
31-60 (11.6 x kg body wt) + 879 (8.7 x kg body wt) + 829
>60 (13.5 x kg body wt) + 487 (10.5 x kg body wt) + 596
Calculate Energy Requirements
Male Female
Activity Level Average Range Average Range
Bed Rest 1.2 1.1-1.3 1.2 1.1-1.3
Very Sedentary 1.3 1.2-1.4 1.3 1.2-1.4
Sedentary/ maintenance 1.4 1.3-1.5 1.4 1.3-1.5
Light 1.5 1.4-1.6 1.5 1.4-1.6
Light moderate 1.7 1.6-1.8 1.6 1.5-1.7
Moderate 1.8 1.7-1.9 1.7 1.6-1.8
Heavy 2.1 1.9-2.3 1.8 1.7-1.9
Very Heavy 2.3 2.0-2.6 2.0 1.8-2.2
Claire
➢ 19-30 age bracket
➢ (14.7 x kg body wt) + 496
➢ (14.7 x 57) + 496 = 1334
kcal
➢ PAL factor = 2
➢ 1334 x 2 = 2668 kcal
Claire
➢ Endurance trains
➢ Moderate-high intensity
➢ 2-3 hours per training
session
Carbohydrate Requirements
Type of Athlete Training Training Training Daily
Frequency Intensity Duration Carbohydrate
(days/week) (hours/day) Intake range
(g/kg)
Recreational 3-4 Light-moderate <1 3-6
Competitive 5-6 Moderate 1-2 6-8
Competitive 6-7 Moderate-high 2-4 8-10
Ultra-endurance 6-7 Moderate-high >4 10-12
Carbohydrate
Requirements
➢ Calorie needs = 2668 kcal
➢ CHO = 8-10g/kg
➢ CHO = 456-570g
Protein Requirements
Group Protein intake Protein intake (g/lb/day)
(g/kg/day)
Sedentary Individual 0.75 0.34
Elite endurance athletes 1.2-2.0 0.54 – 0.90
Moderate-intensity endurance athletes (a) 1.2 0.54
Recreational endurance athletes (b) 0.8-1.0 0.36-0.45
Team sports/power sports 1.4-1.7 0.63-0.77
Strength/resistance athlete 1.5-2.0 0.68-0.90
Athlete on fat-loss programme 1.6-2.0 0.72-0.90
Athlete on weight-gain programme 1.8-2.0 0.81-0.90
Protein
Requirements
➢ Calorie needs = 2668 kcal
➢ PRO = 1.2g/kg
➢ PRO = 68g
Fat Requirements
Upper range: Calorie requirement
➢ 1824 + 272 = 2096kcal = 2668 kcal
➢ 2668 – 2096 = 572 kcal
➢ 572/9= 63.5g fat CHO = 456-570g
CHO calories
Lower Range: = 1824 – 2280 kcal
➢ 2280 + 272 = 2552kcal
➢ 2668 – 2552 = 116 kcal PRO = 68g
➢ 116/9 = 13g fat PRO calories
= 272 kcal
13 - 63.5g fat
Summary
➢ Calorie requirement = 2668 kcal
➢ CHO = 456-570g
➢ CHO calories = 1824 – 2280 kcal
➢ PRO = 68g
➢ PRO calories = 272 kcal
➢ Fat = 13- 63.5g
➢ Fat calories = 116 - 572kcal
Your Sports Nutrition Plan
1. Work out your RMR
2. Multiply it by your PAL
3. This gives you your calorie requirements for 24 hours
4. Work out your CHO needs
5. Work out your protein needs
6. Multiply your CHO & protein needs by 4 to give calorie
ranges for both
7. Use these ranges to calculate your fat range
requirement
8. Use your macronutrient ranges to then plan your meals
and snacks for the day
Professional Diploma in Sports Nutrition
Module 1
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EQF Level 5
Professional Diploma
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