[Shirke, TECHNOPHILIA: February 2016] ISSN 2277 – 5528

Impact Factor- 3.145

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & MANAGEMENT

ABSTRACT
The interlinking of rivers involving inter basin water transfer has canals, tunnels or water lifts, for water to flow
from one river basin to another and making use of excess water. In India rainfall is dependent on the south-west and
north-east monsoons or on the shallow cyclonic depressions and disturbances and on violent local storms which
form regions where cool humid winds of the sea meet the dry winds from the land and occasionally reach cyclonic
dimension. Hence some areas are affected by the droughts while other areas are affected by seasonal floods. There is
a general perception that with growing human population and rising standards of living, the available supplies of
fresh water on the planet are becoming insufficient to meet demand. It will be scarce, expensive to develop and
maintain and valuable in use.

I. INTRODUCTION
Water is one of the principle elements which not only governs life on earth but also influences economic, industrial
and agricultural growth of mankind. There is a general perception that with growing human population and rising
standards of living, the available supplies of fresh water on the planet are becoming insufficient to meet the demand.
India has a monsoon climate. Except for a small coastal area in the South, almost the entire rainfall occurs during
three to four monsoon months. Thus cultivation during non-monsoon months is irrigation dependent. A
characteristic of the monsoon climate is variability of rainfall from year to year. India has an average of one in five
below-normal rainfall years. India is basically an agricultural country, and all its resources depend on agricultural
output. In India, 55% of agricultural output is from irrigated lands. Moreover, average farm incomes have increased
from 80-100%as a result of irrigation, while yields have doubled compared with those achieved under the former
rain-fed conditions. Water will no longer be cheap and plentiful. It will be scarce, expensive to develop and maintain
and valuable in use. At this point interlinking of Indian rivers will open new avenues for developing new supplies.
But we are at cross roads, creating new supplies when we face problem leads to bad management of resources. So
there is also a need to develop strong policies for efficient use of water resources. The main aim of present research
work is to find out the types research relationship with various physical and cultural features of the regions & to give
the management and consevational measurements for the study region.

II. OBJECTIVE
Reducing disparities in different river basins by transferring water from ‘surplus’ basin to ‘deficit’ basins.

III. METHODOLOGY
The interlinking of our rivers to transfer the floodwater from the surplus rivers to deficit areas is one of the most
effective ways to increase the irrigation potential, for increasing the food grain production, mitigate floodwaters and
reduce regional imbalances in the availability of water. Brahmaputra, the northern tributaries of Ganga, Mahanadi,
Godavari and west flowing rivers originating from the Western Ghats are found to be surplus in water.
If we could build storage reservoirs in these rivers and connect them to other parts of the country regional
imbalances could be removed significantly.
One excellent example before us is the transfer of surplus waters of Rabi-Baes to Rajasthan right up to Jaisalmer
and Berme through Indra Gandhi Nahar Pariyojana. The project has eliminated drought conditions, transformed
desert waste lands into an agricultural productive areas by bringing irrigation and vegetation to about 2
millionhectare area. Contribution in agricultural production due to implementation of the project is worth 1750 crore
rupees annually. Canal water is available for meeting domestic needs and the Indian Military at the western
boundary
receive water from this canal. The project has miraculously changed the living conditions and the socio-economic

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & MANAGEMENT
[Shirke, TECHNOPHILIA: February 2016] ISSN 2277 – 5528
Impact Factor- 3.145

conditions of the people.

Advantages
1.To solve the problem of water crisis in cosmopolitan cities of India and Inter-state water-disputes.
2.To provide adequate quantity of water to 101 feminine prone provinces of the country and to plugg the big
disaster thus to save the annual destruction of India agriculture worth more than 25 thousand crores of
rupees.
3.The rural areas of the country will get an all out development on modern lines .it will boast the rural
economy and the life-style of Indian village.
4.Due to interlinking of rivers, the overall economic activities of the country will be enhanced resulting in an
annual increase of GDP. The employment opportunities also increase.
5.Not only the environment protection and pollution control shall be achieved but this creation of “National
Rivers Water Grid” shall also provide extra security to the country as a whole.
6.Due to this project the food production will increase from present 200 Million tonne to 500 Million tonne
per annum to feed the 1800million population by 2050.
7. It will increase navigational efficiency apart from controlling flood & eliminating chances of draught.
8.Generate employment in agriculture, power, transport & construction sector.
9.To change the course of 173bl,Q,Mt.water flow resulting in the additional irrigation of 35Million Hectare
land and the additional production of 34000Megawatt of Hydro-electricity.

Strategies Adopted
1.Diversion of surplus flood water into deficient basin i.e. Girna – Bori, Girna – Titur, Girna – Mhasva, Girna
– Anjani.
2.160 villages dependent for drinking water on reservoir were converted under this i.e. Bori dam covers
highly draught prone areas of Dhule, Malmatha (Nasik) & Jalgaon District.
3.Exsisting canals and other systems were utilized to the maximum capacity with possible modification.
4.Exsisting canal system ( Jalgaon canals, Titur canals, Lower Girna canals, Hantur canals) with increased
capacity and maximum discharge kept on flowing and diverting water to deficient storages.
5.Exsisting canal capacity increased by rasing canal banks with earth work and rugosity coefficient was
improved by laying PVC paper of low cost at leaky portions.
6.Aqueduct and syphons capacity increased by raising wall height with B.B. masonary temporarily & PVC
paper laid in the channels to as rogosity coefficient.
7.Low cost polythene paper used at canal apexes for reduction percolation losses.
8. Short Links – Searched to divert the higher discharge . i.e. Panzan to Bori.
9.New links wherever required dug immediately – Jamda to Khandakesium, Jamda to Titur.
10.Exsisting deficient storage got filled and every canal water diverted to wells in command. Lower Girna
canal to Salwa – Nanded.
11.Reservoir capacity was increased to store the maximum possible water by putting gunny bags on top of
W.W with calculated risk.. i.e. no encroachment
12.beyond high flood level and can easily by pulled down by simply wire rope in flood situation.

IV.FUTURE SCOPE
1) To study difference in ground water table before & after interlinking for different districts.
2) Flood disaster management.
3) To study socio-economic development of different watersheds.

V. CONCLUSION
1) This river linking project in Maharashtra, India, is based on innovative methods of linking of natural and artificial
water drainage for inter-basin and intra-basin water transfer.
2) This is a unique technique of rain water conservation; utilization of flood water run-off and replenishing natural
and artificial water bodies through natural and artificial water drainage channels.

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Impact Factor- 3.145

3) The excess water in a river is utilized to recharge the ground water bodies and dry wells in its command areas.
4) The project is designed for the optimum utilization of rainfall-runoff for inter-basin and intra-basin water transfer
through innovative technologies of both surface water transfer and ground water recharge.
5) The principle of watershed management within the command area is used not only for agriculture purposes, but
also for drinking water and industrial purposes.

REFERENCES
1. Amarasinghe U.A., Shah T., Singh O.P., (2007a), Changing consumption patterns: Implications on food and
waterdemand in India. Research Report 119. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute
(IWMI).Ansari, Nasim (1968), Economics of Irrigation Rates –– A Study in Punjab and Uttar Pradesh, Asia
PublishingHouse.
2. Chaurasia, Pratik Ranjan (2002), ‘India (2)’, in Organisational Change for Participatory Irrigation
Management,Asian Productivity Council. Constitution of India, latest amended copy.
Dakshinamurti, C. et al. (1973): Water resources of India and Their Utilization in Agriculture, New Delhi.
Dinar, Ariel, Mark W Rosegrant, Ruth Meinzen-Dick (1997),‘Water Allocation Mechanisms—Principles and
Examples’, Working Paper No. 1779, World Bank(Agriculture and Natural Resources Department)-
IFPRI,WorldBank.
3. India 1992: A Reference Annual, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, New Delhi.
4. India 2005: A Reference Annual, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, New Delhi.
5. Inter basin water Transfers. The Australian Experience. With the snowy Mountains Scheme. Water resources
consulting services Australia by Geoff Wright. Interlining of rivers - Various issues In-volved. By Dr. S. Surya Rao.
Professor & Head Civil Engg. Dpt. Visakhapatnam.

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