English Do you want to travel to

Pedagogical module 2 other countries?

Curriculum block: Communication and Cultural Awareness,
Oral Communication, Reading, Writing, Language through the Arts

Sixth Grade EGB

Cultures
comprehension 4
Sciencie
Ecuadorian
5

So
festivities and
Comparatives and

ci
celebrations

a
Superlatives,

lS
review; Past simple 3

tu
d
tense, review;

ie
s
frequency adverbs Adjectives
6
ish

to describe

Sc
traditions
The
gl

ie
En

nc
Paragraph
World

e
Musical
instruments,
and Its 7 typical costumes

Cu
Cultures and traditions

ltu
Main idea of the
1

re
texts in reading
comprehension.

Values

Respect towards Education

9 cultural differences 8 for peace

There is much more to see!

Ecuador is fantastic: our people are kind, hardworking, and
generous. But when you leave your town or city, you can also
enjoy beautiful views, try different food, see other people, and
most importantly, live interesting experiences. Imagine boys
who wear a skirt as their national costume! Did you know that
people in Great Britain drive on the left side of the road? And
what about food? People from New York say they made the first
pizza, and not the Italians. And guess what? In Peru they make
ceviche with corn!
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The world offers a variety of opportunities to learn!

MIneduc

1
 Lesson A

Communication and Cultural Awareness

World Cultures
Saint Patrick’s Day
1. Read the text silently. Then work with a partner and label the
People celebrate Saint pictures with words from the text.
Patrick’s Day in different
countries, but it is a
national holiday in Ireland.

Freepik / naughtynut

Freepik / dualororua
Freepik / dualororua
Saint Patrick was a famous
missionary from Ireland.
People celebrate Saint

Freepik
Patrick’s Day every year on
March 17. The tradition
says that you have to wear
green clothes because green
represents good luck and
hope. On Saint Patrick’s 2. Write the sentences again changing the order of the adjective
Day people also remember like the example. Compare your answers with a partner.
the legend of a fairy called a
Leprechaun. He’s a little The missionary Saint Patrick is famous. = Saint Patrick is a
man dressed as a famous missionary.
shoemaker. People believe
a. Green represents luck that is good.
that if you find one of these
men, you can ask for three Green represents
wishes. Another good luck
symbol in this celebration b. The clothes people wear are green.
is the four-leaf clover. People wear
c. The fairy is little.
People celebrate Saint He’s a
Patrick’s Day in different
countries, but it is an d. The clover has four leaves.
official holiday in Northern It’s a
Ireland which is part of the
United Kingdom. The first 3. Look at the map of Great Britain. Label and color the countries
Saint Patrick’s Day cele- in the map. Then compare maps with a partner.
bration took place in New
York City in the 1760s, and 1. Northern Ireland is green.
every year the Kelly River 2. The Republic of Ireland is gray.
3. Scotland is orange.
in Chicago changes its 4. Wales is purple. 3
color to green! 5. England is yellow.

Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2q2uSCX

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1
Vocabulary
2
fairy. an imaginary creature with magic powers, usually
represented as a very small person 5
Freepik / dualororua

4
clover. a small plant with three round leavess warmer

hope. to want something to happen or to be true

Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zfTy2z

2
 Oral Communication

Pair work. Look at the

picture and take turns with a
partner to describe the Irish
fairy Leprechaun.

Student A: This fairy is cool.

He has a green hat.
It’s your turn!

Student B: He is wearing
brown shoes.
Now it’s your turn.

Freepik / dualororua
1. Listen to a description of the Irish fairy. 2. Write two sentences with adjectives from
Complete the blanks in the table with the Exercise 2 about the Irish fairy Leprechaun.
missing information. Ex: He is a little man.

Learn the new Noun

Vocabulary before
you listen.
Irish folklore

men
3. Listen again to the description of a
Leprechaun and draw your own Irish fairy.
clothes
Then describe it to your partner.
tall
A: My fairy has a beard and wears big
black shoes.
red B: My fairy has a big nose and is very ugly.

beard
Vocabulary
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big Irish. the people of Ireland

fairy. an imaginary tiny creature in human form,

thought to have magic powers
Adjectives
Describe people, places and objects. They are beard. the hair growing on a man’s face
placed before the noun. shoemaker. making and repairing shoes
The Leprechaun wears green clothes. Retrieved from: https://kids.wordsmyth.net

3
Reading
1. Look at the photo.

Wikimedia Commons / Municipio de Latacunga

Do you know about this
Ecuadorian celebration?

Mama Negra

People celebrate the 2. Read the text. Check the sentences that are true.
festival of La Mama Negra a. They celebrate La Mama Negra festival twice a year.
in the city of Latacunga
in Ecuador. It is an b. There was an earthquake in Latacunga in 1742.
interesting cultural c. In this celebration people dance and listen to
celebration that takes place traditional music bands.
every year in September
and November. This festival d. La Mama Negra throws water to the people as a
started in 1742 when the symbol of prosperity.
Cotopaxi volcano erupted.
The local people believed 3. Answer the questions about the text with a complete sentence.
that the Virgin saved the a. When do people celebrate la Mama Negra?
city of Latacunga. At that
time, there were African
people working in some b. What happened in Latacunga in 1742?
mines in the area and that
is how the people
introduced the symbol
c. Who does la Mama Negra represent?
of La Mama Negra or Black
Mother. She represents the
Virgin, the mother of Jesus.
d. How does the celebration finish?
In this festivity there
are dancers with
pre-Colombian costumes
and traditional music 4. Read the text again. Find the
bands. The festivity underlined words and match
finishes when La Mama each word to with its definition.
Negra arrives on a horse Write the correct letter in
carrying a doll that is her the blanks.
child. She throws milk
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to the crowd, kwhich means

good luck to everyone crowd a. explode
in the celebration. costumes b. clothing
erupt c. multitude
Adapted from: https://bit.ly/2Z7Fscj
Mineduc

4
 Writing

1. Look at the photo of the

Inti Raymi celebration. Which
of the adjectives in the box
describe this festivity?
Underline them.
colorful cold sunny

boring delicious modern

interesting folkloric

Mineduc
2. Read the text. 3. Complete the sentences with one of the
adjectives from th exercise.
Inti Raymi celebrates the Sun God from the Ex: This cebration the happens during the
Incan Empire. In Ecuador, people have this sunny days of June.
celebration between the June 18 - 24.
Local people and indigenous communities a . Music bands play music.
celebrate with rituals, dances, music and b. People prepare rituals to
typical food. People remember the summer thank the Sun God.
solstice and thank the God Sun for giving
them more hours of sunshine, for c. They eat typical food.
the Pacha Mama (Mother Nature) and for
the beginning of a new year. 4. Brainstorm ideas about a different celebration
Adapted from: https://bit.ly/2Z7Fscj or festivity in Ecuador. Then write five
sentences about it. Use adjectives from
Exercise 1 or other adjectives to write
your sentences.
Remember the sentence word order:
SUBJECT + VERB + COMPLEMENT
Ex: The carnival in Guaranda is an
interesting celebration.
Mineduc
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Vocabulary

god. a spirit believed to control some part of

the universe or life

solstice. the two times in the year when the

sun is furthest from the equator
Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zfTy2z

5
Language through the Arts

1. Read the text about tattoos and underline the parts of the body.

Tatoos
Tattoos represent identity and history. They are very popular these
days. Some famous people have a tattoo on their arms or feet. People
like nurses or teachers also have tattoos. Some tattoos are big, and
others are very small. Some tattoos are pretty, and others are ugly.
In India women have interesting tattoos on their hands and legs in for
their wedding ceremony. In the 16th and 17th century, people from
the Polynesian Islands had tattoos of animals and nature on their
chests, shoulders, ankles and backs. Also some communities in the
Ecuadorian Amazon region, like the Shuars, have tattoos
on their faces.

Freepik / rawpixel.com
Adapted from: Stephenson H., Dummett P. and Hughes J. 2015. Life Level 2 Student Book.
Boston, USA: National Geographic Learning/Cengage Learning

Retrieved from: https://youtu.be/ny4-XcUPuIo

2. Label these pictures with words from the text Speaking

about Tattoos. Two body parts are not in the Pair work. Do you know anyone who has a
text. Do you know what they are called? Write tattoo? Where is it?
them in the blanks. A: My brother has a tattoo.
B: Really? Where?

A: On his shoulder.
B: Do you like it?
A A: No, it’s ugly. / Yes, it’s very nice.

B
C
I
D

F
G
Freepik / brgfx

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H
J

A E I
B F J
C G
Freepik

D H

6
 Oral Communication
1. Listen to a conversation between Carla and her older brother Speaking
Mike. Check the correct image that refers to their conversation. Pair work. What do you think
about tattoos? Discuss this
with a partner.

A: I like tattoos.

B: Me too/ Not me.

A: What images do you like?

el
pix Culture
raw
k/
pi

ee
Fr The people on the islands
of Polynesia have tattoos
of animals or nature that
show information about
their island, history or job.

Adapted from: Stephenson H., Dummett P.

and Hughes J. 2015. Life Level 2 Student
Book. Boston, USA: National Geographic
Learning/Cengage Learning
pixe l
raw
k/
pi

ee
Fr

Freepik / childrensilustration
ya
nal
ya
k/
pi

ee
Fr

2. Listen again and answer the questions.

a. What are the brother and sister talking about?

Vocabulary
b. What did the man from 5,000 years ago have?
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archeologist. the scientist

who studies past human life
c. What did people from ancient Egypt think about tattoos? brightness. the condition of
being bright

warmth. the condition of

d. What does Mike’s tattoo mean? being warm
Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zfTy2z

7
 Lesson B

Communication and Cultural Awareness

Traditional costumes and music

Pair work. Look at the photo. Take turns with your partner to describe
the man’s clothes. Use the expressions in the box.
Ex:
Student A: He is wearing a black jacket. Now it’s your turn.
Student B: Ok. How do you say falda in English?

1. Read about Scottish kilts. Underline all the frequency adverbs

in the text.

Do men wear skirts? Well, yes they do. Men sometimes use
skirts in Scotland. A kilt is a special type of skirt. It is part of
the national costume in Scotland. In the past, men usually
wore kilts, especially when they were at war. Today, kilts are
an important symbol. Men sometimes wear them in special
events, like weddings or formal meetings. Kilts are expensive;
that is why they do not always use them, but there are also
Freepik / user2104819

cheaper kilts. Soccer and rugby fans often wear cheap kilts
when they go to the stadium, so they don’t have to worry
about keeping them nice and clean.
Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2SCcWgD

2. Put the adverbs of frequency in the correct place on the time line.

sometimes usually never often always

Read the sentences. Then

0% circle the correct answer:
100%
sometimes Men usually wear cheap
kilts at the stadium.
Frequency adverbs are
3. Rewrite the sentence on the line. Put the frequency adverb in the
placed before /
correct place in each sentence.
after the subject.
a. Soccer and rugby fans worry about keeping their kilts nice
and clean. (never)

Vocabulary
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b. Men wear kilts in formal meetings. (always)

kilt. a skirt traditionally worn
by Scottish men and boys
c. Today, men and boys wear kilts. (sometimes) wear. to have clothing,
jewelry, etc. on your body

wedding a marriage
d. In the past, men wore skirts. (usually) ceremony
Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zfTy2z

8
 Oral Communication

m 2 28 2
/ tu
ik
ep

ik
re

ep
re
F

ening_tao
/ ev

el.com
ik
ep
re

Freepik / rawpix
F

1. Listen to the story of Halloween. Put a check next to the words that
you don’t hear.
a. costumes f. trick
b. candies g. song
c. games h.chocolates
d. neighborhood i. joke
e. sweets

2. Listen again then complete the story of

Halloween with words from Exercise 1.
Children wear different They
collect and go to every house in
the .
If the owner of the house doesn’t give them
candy, they do a magic , sing
a or tell a .

Children say “Trick or Treat” when they ask for sweets in

the neighborhood. “Treat” means to get some candy and
“trick” is to play a joke on the home owner if kids
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do not receive a treat.

Vocabulary
Freepik / childrensilustration

costume. clothes worn to look like someone or something else

neighborhood. the area where people live

owner. belonging to a specific person

Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zfTy2z

9
Language through the Arts
1. Read the instructions and match them with
the pictures. Write the correct letter next to in
each picture.

Make Your Own Mask

a. Draw a rectangle on a sheet of white paper
and cut it out.
b. Fold the rectangle in half.
c. Draw your favorite design on it.
d. Draw a big opening for your eyes.
e. Cut the outer line of the mask and the
opening for the eyes.
f. Try on the mask and make any
necessary changes.
g. Trace the mask, into a paper like cardboard.
h. Use a blade to cut the eye openings.

Mineduc
i. Glue the paper mask to the cardboard.
j. Decorate your mask with beautiful colors.

Speaking
Pair work. Put on your mask and describe it
to a classmate.

A: Your mask is very nice!

B: Thank you. I’m a lion.
A: My mask is gray and black and I’m a fox.

Artisans make beautiful masks in Pujili, a

small town located the province of Cotopaxi.
To make the masks, they carve pine by hand
and then paint different images with
Vocabulary
bright colors.
Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2LZx0ro
fold. to take on a curved or angled form

try on. to put on a piece of clothing

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cardboard. material used especially

for making boxes

blade. the flat part on a knife or similar tool used

for cutting
Freepik / jehsomwang

trace. to follow the track a drawing

Retrieved from: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/

10
 Oral Communication

1. Pair work. Take turns telling your partner which mask you like the most and why.

Freepik / macrovector / luisvv

2. Listen to someone talk about masks. Match
People celebrate Carnival in February or
the sentence beginnings with the endings.
March in many countries around the world.
a. because they There are dances, costumes, music and many
1.Masks are about want to be people wear masks. In the Carnival of Venice
someone or children and adults wear masks, and there is
something different a contest to define the most beautiful mask of
2. People wear masks b. good or the year.
bad characters Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/1niY99f
3. In theaters masks c. teach values

1. 2. 3.

3. Pair work. Interview your partner about

masks. Write his/her answers on the lines.
a. Do you like masks?
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b. When do you wear a mask?

Mineduc

c. What mask do you have? Vocabulary

character. a person in a story or play

d. What mask do you want to have? contest. a competition
Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2J1CsYR

11
Reading
1. Do you know these Andean instruments? Match the pictures with 3. Discuss the questions
the names. as a class.
a. What is the traditional
11 2 3 music in your
town or city?

pixabay /Itotonbostudios
b. When do people in your

pixabay / shirley 810

town or city listen to
pixabay /dezalb

traditional music?
c. Do you like your traditio-
nal music?
Why or why not?
charango rondador zampoña
Speaking
2. Read the text. Then, read the sentences and correct the false ones Group work. In groups
on the line. Match the pictures with the names. of three, talk about your
favorite kind of music.

A: I like to listen to music,

Folkloric sounds are part of different festivities in the Andean and I like to dance!
region in Ecuador. Otavalo is the home of culture, tradition and B: Really? Me too!
C: I don’t like to dance, but
folkloric music. There are a lot of folkloric music bands in I like to listen
Otavalo. They make their music with traditional music to ballenatos.
instruments like the zampoña, charango and rondador.
The zampoña is an Andean wind instrument that produces a
special sound. People make zampoñas with bamboo canes from
tropical areas. The charango, looks like a guitar, but it is smaller.
People usually make it with the shell of an armadillo. Finally,
rondador is a pipe flute with a special sound similar to a bird
singing. These three instruments have their origin in
pre-Columbian times. People like the way they are combined

Freepik / user592403
to make beautiful sounds.
Adapted from: hhttps://instrumentosmusicales10.net/zampona

a. The charango is similar to a small guitar.

Vocabulary

traditional. ways of doing

things in a specific culture
b. They make charangos with the shell of a turtle
wind instrument. a musical
instrument that is sounded by
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the force of air blown into it

c. These instruments come from the Ecuadorian coast (bamboo) cane. a wooden
stick of the bamboo
tropical plant

d. People like the combination of these three pipe (flute). a flute with tubes
through which the
instruments and the sound they make. air blows
Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zfTy2z

12
 Writing

1. Pair work. In ONE minute, make a list of things that are in a

birthday party. Write the words in the box.

balloons

2. Read the text and complete the missing information in the

table. Write one more piece of information about birthday
celebrations in Ecuador.

Country Birthday tradition

Birthdays are cool! We get
nice presents, eat delicious Mexico
cake and play with friends
and family. We all have fun, The birthday boy or girl absorbs noodles very
and everything is fast.
magical this day. But
birthday celebrations are
Jamaica
different around the world.
In Mexico for example, they We eat cake.
do not sing the “Happy Bir- Ecuador
thday” song, but they sing
“Las Mañanitas”.
In China, people eat noodles
by quickly absorbing them Connect your ideas with and or but
from a bowl. In Jamaica, the • Use and for extra information
birthday boy or girl needs to Ex: We eat a delicious cake and play with friends.
be careful and pay attention,
so his friends and family • Use but for different information
don’t cover him with flour Ex: They don’t sing the happy birthday song,
by surprise. Birthdays are but they sing “Las Mañanitas”. Mineduc

always fun!
Adapted from: https://bit.ly/2N94UJk
3. How do you like to celebrate your birthday? Write three
sentences. Use “and” or “but” to connect two ideas.
Vocabulary

absorb. to take in with

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your mouth

noodles. a food like spaghetti

made from flour or rice,
water, and often eggs

flour. the fine ground grain,

Freepik / macrovector

especially wheat, used for

making bread
Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zfTy2z

13
Assessment

Reading and Grammar Listening

1. Read the text Listen to a girl talk about

A charango is a small guitar with five double strings. a musical instrument that
Traditional Andean musicians play this musical instrument. she plays. Then answer the
It is 66 cm long. The back of the charango is sometimes questions with
rounded because it is the shell of an animal. When it is flat, complete sentences.
artisans make it with wood. The first charangos appeared in
What musical instrument
the 18th century after the Spanish brought guitars
does she play?
to the Americas.
Many different types of music use the classical guitar. It has
six strings, and it is made of wood. It is about 96
centimeters long and has a round hole in the body. The
history of the classical guitar started in the 14th and 15th Where does this
centuries. It’s easier to learn the Spanish guitar than other instrument come from?
instruments, so it is very popular all over the world.
Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2YhZ4Jy and https://bit.ly/2SGGEB3
2. Complete the table with information about the Spanish
guitar and the Andean charango. When did she start
Country Spanish guitar Charango playing it?
Size 96cm

Material wood and the shell of an animal

How often did she travel
Date of 14th and 16th
invention centuries
to Peru?

round, with the shell of an animal

Shape
at the back

Number of
five double strings
strings

3. Write sentences to compare the Spanish guitar and the Speaking

charango. Use the adjectives in the box.
Describe the piano and the
small old popular difficult easy flute. Use the adjectives in
the box.
Ex: The charango is difficult to play, but the Spanish small big nice easy
guitar is easy.
heavy light cheap
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expensive

Work in pairs. Which

musical instrument do
you like? Why?

14
 Do you want to travel to
Assessment other countries?
Reading and Grammar

Breakdancing Breakdance is a dancing style that comes from the hip-hop and rap
cultures. Puerto Rican and African-American communities started
this type of dance in the 1970s. At that time, it became very popular
in South Bronx in New York City, and later, teenage boys practiced it
in the streets in other big cities of the United States.
Dancers move their arms and legs in a particular way. Some moves
come from the Kung-Fu martial art and other gymnastics techniques.
Dancers always do complicated movements with the rhythm of hip
hop and rap music.
Freepik / brgx

There are important breakdance contests with participants from

different countries around the world. The winners are the dancers
with the most difficult movements.

1. Read the text. What is it about? Choose the 2. Complete the missing information in the
correct answer (a-c). chart about the breakdancing style.
a. New dance styles around the world.
Date of origin Place of origin Music
b. What breakdancing is. South
c. The most important breakdancing Bronx, New
contests in history. York City

Grammar

Read the text again and underline

Movements Dancers Events
the adjectives.
Teenage
boys or battles
Freepik / rubynurbaidi

I’m completing this self-evaluation based on what I learned in the module.

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Self-evaluation I check the box that most applies to me

I do it I can’t do it
Topics I do it very well I can improve
somewhat well without help
I can use the simple past in affirmative sentences.
I can use vocabulary related to inventions
and robots
I can use understand routines and
frequency adverbs.

15
 Project 1
My favorite celebration

Pair work
a. Choose a festival or celebration that you and a classmate
like very much.
b. Look for photographs or images of this celebration.
c. Prepare a presentation to describe it to the class.
d. Write 5- 7 sentences to describe what you do in
this celebration.
e. Use the Present Simple and adjectives before nouns.
f. Show personal pictures, videos or images of the celebration
(dances, costumes, music, rituals, place, transport, etc.)
g. Present your sentences and pictures to the class.

Tip

Connect your ideas with and to give

additional information.
Ex: People wear costumes and dance
folkloric music.
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Freepik / starline

16
16
 Review

Grammar: Adjectives before nouns Vocabulary: Parts of the body

3. Complete the sentences with the words in

the box. There is one extra word.

arm food neck shoulder knee

hablemosdeculturas.com
a. When you meet a person, shake his
or her
b. The woman has a beautiful
necklace around her

1. Describe what these people from the c. My mother carries her bag over
Ecuadorian coast region wear every year in her
their traditional dances. Write 5 sentences d. Why is he standing on one ?
using adjectives.
Ex: She wears a white skirt. e. Our hand is at the end of our

Costumes
People wear costumes in celebrations and
festivals like Halloween or Carnival in
different places around the world. In
Halloween, young people and adults dress up
like ghosts, vampires, fairy tale or super
heros the Carnival in Rio de Janeiro, men
and women wear incredible costumes and
Grammar: Simple Present affirmative and negative dance in the streets. In the Carnival of
Venice, people dress in costumes and wear
2. Change from affirmative to negative beautiful masks. In Ecuador, the Fruit and
according to the photo. Flower Carnival in Ambato is famous for its
Ex: She wears a white blouse. traditional dances and costumes.
She doesn’t wear a blue blouse.

a. He wears an orange shirt. 4. Write one sentence about costumes in

each of the following festivities.
b. They are very happy. a. Halloween:
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c. The men hold a hat in their hands. b. Carnival in Rio de Janeiro:

d. The woman has a flower on her head. c. Carnival of Venice:

e. They dance in the street. d. Fruit and Flower Carnival in Ambato:

17
 Lesson C

Communication and Cultural Awareness

The World and Its Cultures

1. Read these sentences from the text. Underline the correct

answer in the pink box.

The Japanese always put tatami mats on the floor

It is always a tradition in Japan, Korea and Turkey.

Adverbs of frequency go before /

after other verbs.
Mineduc

Mineduc
Adverbs of frequency go before /
after the verb be.

Remove your shoes….or

not? 2. Write sentences with these words. Check the position
of the adverb.
In some countries people
remove their shoes before
Ex: sometimes / in beds. / Japanese /sleep
entering someone’s house.
Japanese sometimes sleep in beds.
For example, in Germany
and Switzerland they a. their shoes / Swedish students / the classroom. /
usually leave their shoes at before entering / remove / often.
the door. In eastern
countries like Korea and
Turkey, this is always a
tradition, too. Students
from Sweden often take off b. a tradition. / it / in Korea and Turkey / always / is
their shoes when they get
into the classroom.
Japanese usually put tatami
mats on the floor to sit or
sleep. For this reason, they c. shoes. / take off / Germans / their / usually
never wear shoes
inside the house.
Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2LMO1Gw
https://bit.ly/32Y7w49
d. in Japan / inside / never / they / the house. / wear shoes
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Vocabulary

remove. to take
something away

tatami mat. a small piece of

soft material that covers and
protects part of a floor
Mineduc

Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zfTy2z

18
 Oral Communication
Right hand driving

Pair work. Look at the picture.

Match the words with the
letters in the picture. Write
the letters in the blanks.
1
a. steering wheel

b. road
4 2 3 c. left side

d. right side

Freepik / microone
e. driver
Wikipedia

1. Listen to someone talk about driving in the United Kingdom.

Are these sentences True (T) or False (F).

a. In the United Kingdom and in Ecuador, people drive

in the same way.
b. Tourists get confused when they drive in the
United Kingdom.
c. There is more traffic in residential areas.
d. The streets are more crowded in the city center.
e. It’s more difficult to drive in the city center.

Freepik / brgfx
Freepik

Pair work. Talk about your city or town. What streets have a lot of
Freepik

traffic? Which area is quiet? What means of transportation is the

most common?

Vocabulary

steering wheel. a wheel in a

Tip vehicle that the driver turns to
make it go in a
particular direction
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Use these ideas to talk to your partner:

road. a long, hard surface
A: In my city/ town there is a lot of traffic. built for vehicles to
B: Really? In my city, too. travel along
A: What transportation do you always use? crowded. full of people
B: I take the bus. What about you?
highway. a public road that
A: I usually walk.
joins cities or towns together
Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zfTy2z

19
Reading

Pair work. Do you like pizza? Match the pictures with the
ingredients. Write the correct number on the line.

1. Circle your 3 favorite ingredients in your

pizza and tell your partner.
1 2 3 4 The History of Pizza

Freepik / User6637047

Freepik / Akephoto88
Freepik / Molostock

The first pizzas were very

simple. They were flat bread
with herbs and olives on top.

Freepik
In the 1600s, American
explorers brought tomatoes
5 6 7 8 to Italy and, then, the Italians

Akephoto88
Freepik / toptp26

Freepik / toptp26

Freepik / toptp26
put the tomatoes on top of
the flat bread.
Freepik

In 1889, Raffaele Esposito

created Pizza Margherita for
bacon pepperoni mushrooms olives Queen Margherita of Italy. He
tomato peppers ham onions added tomatoes, mozzarella
cheese and basil that
2. Read the text. Correct the wrong information in represent the red, white and
these sentences. green colors on the
Italian flag.
a. The first pizzas had herbs and cheese on top.
People sold pizza for
breakfast, lunch and dinner in
b. In the 1890s, Americans brought tomatoes to Italy. Naples in the 1890s. They cut
it from a large plate and put
mushrooms or olives on top.
c. Pizza Margherita had tomatoes, cheese and spinach on top. Pizza became more popular
and there were a lot of pizza
makers. They sold pizza in
d. In the 1890s, people sold pizza only for breakfast. small kiosks around the city of
Naples.
Freepik

Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3309GjO

e. Pizza makers sold pizza in small kiosks in Rome.

3. Order the following sentences according to the text about the

History of Pizza.
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Pizza represented the flag of Italy with red, white and Vocabulary
green ingredients. basil. a herb with a sweet
More and more people sold pizza in Naples. smell that is used in cooking
1 Pizza was a flat bread with olives and herbs on top.
olives. a small green or black
Rafaello Esposito created Pizza Margherita in 1889.
fruit that is eaten or used to
Pizza makers added tomato to the pizza after it arrived produce oil
from America. Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zfTy2z
People ate pizza for breakfast, lunch and dinner in Naples.
20
 Writing
1. Read this description about driving in London. 3. Write 4 sentences to compare the center of
Underline the comparative adjectives. your town or city and another area.
Ex: The city center is noisier than the park
neighborhood.

dangerous – crowded – beautiful – pretty

boring – dirty – modern

Freepik
Driving in London isn’t more complicated
than driving anywhere else, it’s just different.
For example, in the city center the streets are
usually more crowded, and there is more
traffic, so drivers need to be more careful and
remember to get into the correct side of the
road. In residential areas, traffic is calmer, so
it is safer than driving in the center. It’s easier
to drive on a highway because you only need
to follow the other drivers and try to stay
on the left.

2. Complete the chart with adjectives

from Exercise 1.

Comparative adjectives It’s easier to driveon

the highway than in the city center

Tip

easy/easier: change “y” to “i” and add - er.

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Vocabulary

crowded. very full of things or people

careful. taking care in one’s actions

Mineduc

follow. to go after or behind

Retrieved from: https://kids.wordsmyth.net

21
Language through the Arts
1. Label the pictures with these names.

freepik

freepik

freepik
2. Underline the adjectives in the following text.

Ecuadorian ceviche is fresh and delicious. Shrimp, fish or Grammar Tip

shellfish ceviche are popular types of ceviche. The basic
ingredients for the sauce are tomatoes, orange juice, and • Adjectives describe
lemon juice. nouns (people,
Additionally, red onion, green pepper and coriander give places and things).
Ecuadorian ceviche a special taste. We serve Ecuadorian • Adjectives refer to
ceviche with popcorn or salty fried plantains. Some people opinion, size, color, age,
like to eat ceviche with warm rice. nationality and material
Peruvian ceviche contains fresh fish. They cut the fish in of a noun.
small cubes and marinate it in sour lime juice. Then, they • They are placed before
add different types of hot peppers, onions, and coriander. the noun.
The ingredients in the Ecuadorian and Peruvian ceviche are red onion
similar, but Peruvians serve it with corn, lettuce, sweet potatoes
and sweet potatoes. Ecuadorian ceviche

3. Write two sentences comparing two types of food you like to eat.
Ex: French fries are more delicious than baked potatoes.

Vocabulary
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marinate. to add a
seasoned sauce

coriander. a plant used

as a spice

salty. having the taste of salt

sour. having an acid taste

Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zfTy2z

22
 Oral Communication
1. Find and circle the words that end in –y. Say the words.

2. Listen to a conversation between two friends. Number the

topics 1-3 in the order they talk about them. Learn the
vocabulary words before you listen.
a. Spicy fruit
b. Delicious food
c. His vacation to Mexico City

3. Listen again. Answer the questions with “Yes”, “No”, or

“Doesn’t Say”.
a. Did Carlos go to Mexico City with his parents?

b. Did Carlos visit different tourist attractions?

c. Did Carlos like the food very much?

d. Did Sandra know that fruit is spicy in Mexico?

e. Did Carlos eat different spicy fruits?

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Vocabulary

spicy. having a strong flavor; hot

Freepik / gingersaisiri

flavor. the particular way something tastes

powder. very fine grains

Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zfTy2z

23
 Lesson D

Communication and Cultural Awareness

Traditional Food
1. Read the text about the Old Population in Japan. Check the Old Population in Japan
superlative adjectives in bold.
Japan is one of the oldest
cultures with the most
interesting traditions
and ancient culture.
Japanese believe that the
internal energy or “chi”
helps them to have the
healthiest and the most
balanced bodies and
minds. They try to keep
this energy moving to have
good mental and physical
conditions. In Japan people

Freepik / rawpixel.com
live the longest lives. A lot
of people live until age 84.
Japanese have good habits;
for example, they drink
2. Read the text again. Then complete the chart with examples warm tea after meals,
from the text. exercise every day and
know good breathing
Superlative adjectives: Use the superlative to compare more than techniques. Their healthy
two things. practices and respect for
traditions help them have a
One syllable Ends in –y Two or multi-syllable long and happy life.
Two or multi-syllable the + adjective + iest the most + adjective
the oldest the healthiest the most interesting

Vocabulary

3. Complete the sentences with the comparative of the adjectives population. the people who
in the box. There is one extra word. live in a country
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interesting healthy new long old mind. the part of a person

that thinks, understands,
a. The Japanese culture is one of the in the world. remembers and feels

b. They have the traditions. healthy. not sick; well

balance. the state of being

c. They are part of the group of people that live the lives. stable in body and mind
d. Japanese people have one of the life styles. Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zfTy2z

24
 Oral Communication

1. Look at the picture. What this animal is? What’s it called? Where can you find see it?
Discuss with a partner.

2. Listen to a boy talking about his guinea pig. Complete the sentences
with these words.

calm – food – pet – fruit – three - grass - loves - boring – dirty – modern

a. Jack is my
b. He’s years old, and he’s very cute and
c. He when I arrive home and give him some
d. He eats a lot of but also fresh and vegetables.
Vocabulary
3. Read the words in the glossary.
Practice and learn the words before listening. cute. adorable

noise. sound

wooden. made of wood

grass. a green plant that

covers the garden
Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2J1CsYR
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BAC K TO SC H O O L
Freepik

25
Reading

Guinea pig: pet or traditional food?

In some parts of the world, guinea pigs are
family pets. It is the same as having a dog or a
cat. This is usual in the United States, Canada,

Pixabay / Ana Meister

the United Kingdom, or Australia. Many
children from those countries love these
animals and give them food and a comfortable
place to sleep and take them to the
veterinarian. Guinea pigs are Andean native

Freepik / brgfx
animals. They come from Bolivia, Peru,
Ecuador and part of Colombia. They are an
important part of people’s diet in these
countries. Children in the Andes think that
1. Circle the words in the box that describe a guinea pig is a delicious traditional dish, but
guinea pig. for children in the United States, the idea of
eating guinea pig is sad and even disgusting.

big Adapted from: https://bit.ly/2OKnRqj

house pet small delicious

farm animal traditional dish ugly

2. Change these sentences to the affirmative or negative form

Pair work. Ask and answer
to correct the false information. these questions in pairs.

• Do you eat guinea pig? If

a. Guinea pigs aren’t house pets in the United States, Australia, yes, when?
Canada and the United Kingdom. • Do you like to eat guinea
pig?
• Where do you see these
animals?

b. Guinea pig is a traditional dish in Australia.

c. Kids in Bolivia take guinea pigs to the veterinarian.

Vocabulary

guinea pig. a small animal

covered in fur with rounded
d. Children in the Andes don’t like to eat guinea pig as ears, short legs, and no tail,
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a traditional dish. often kept as a pet

by children

pet. an animal that is kept

in the home as a companion
and treated kindly
e. American kids feel happy about eating guinea pig.
disgusting. extremely
unpleasant or unacceptable
Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zfTy2z

26
 Writing

Freepik / kailash-kumar
Pair work. Work with a classmate.
Read each other’s description.
What information was the
most interesting?

1. Answer these questions about a traditional food or drink that

you like very much.

a. What’s the name of the dish?

b. Where is it popular?

c. What ingredients does it have?

d. What is your favorite ingredient in this dish?

e. When do you eat this dish?

2. Write a paragraph of your favorite typical dish or drink. Use the

information in Exercise 1. You will need a general sentence to
start, a topic sentence. For example, you can write: “My favorite
typical dish is locro.” Then, write 3 sentences saying WHY you
like locro. Finally, write a concluding sentence, similar to the
Freepik

topic sentence. For example, “I eat locro every day!”

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Vocabulary

dish. a certain kind of

prepared food
Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zfTy2z

27
Language through the Arts
1. Look at the pictures. Match the ingredients with the names.
Write the correct number on the line.

5
6
2
1

Freepik / user592403
Wikimedia Commons
4
Pixabay / RitaE

white rice fried fish trout plantain leaf

lemon tomato and red onion salad

2 . Read the text,and underline the superlative 3. Write answers for the following questions.
form of the adjectives. a. What is one of the most popular dishes
in Ecuador?
One of the healthiest, most popular dishes in
Ecuador is fish. In the highlands, people catch
trout in sweet water rivers. Fishing for trout
is also one of the nicest activities to practice b. What is one of the most delicious dishes in
on the weekend with family or friends. In the the Andean region?
highlands, they usually prepare fried trout
and serve it with fries, white rice and a
traditional preparation called curtido, made c. What is the most common preparation of
with tomatoes and red onions. It’s one of the the sea bass?
most delicious dishes in the Andean region.
On the Ecuadorian coast, people eat the most d. What is the most traditional dish in the
varied seafood. One of the best dishes in Amazon region?
this region is the sea bass. People serve this
delicate fish with white rice, curtido and green
plantains. Fried or grilled sea bass is the most
common preparation.
Vocabulary
In the Amazon region the most traditional
dish is called “Maito”. They prepare it with grilled. cooked over fire or hot coals, usually on
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river fish and wrap it in plantain leaves. a metal frame

People roast this wrapped fish directly into wrap. to cover or surround something with
the fire. They cook it with the leaves to paper, cloth, or other material
maintain and absorb the best flavors. They roast. to cook food in an oven or over a fire
serve it with cooked yuca,
palmito and curtido. leaf. one of the flat, usually green parts
of a plant
Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2ZsdF
Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zfTy2z

28
 Oral Communication

1. Look at the picture and discuss the questions with

a partner.
• Do you like to eat unusual food?
• What kind of animals are in the image?

Flickr / Mineduc
2. Listen to a radio show about unusual food. Correct
the false information on the line. Learn the new
vocabulary before you listen.
a. Chontacuros are from the coast region.

b. Chontacuros are a type of bee.

c. They grow about 10 cm.

d. To prepare chontacuros, we boil
them in water.

e. Chontacuros are sweet and chewy.

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Vocabulary

worm. an animal with a long and flat body

wrap. to cover by circling something around

chewy. tough; needing a lot of chewing

Freepik

Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zfTy2z

29
Assessment

Reading Writing and Speaking

Wikimedia Commons

Wikimedia Commons
3. Write 4 sentences to compare the Saraguro
and Otavalo typical costume.
Use the adjectives in the box.
pretty boring serious colorful
beautiful interesting
Ex: Otavalo’s typical costume is brighter
than Saraguro’s traditional clothing.
Freepik / macrovector

1. Number the sentences about New York

Pizza in the correct order.
In the 1930s, other Italian-Americans
opened pizza restaurants in New Jersey,
Boston and Chicago.
Lombardi sold pizza in a shop in an
Italian neighborhood in Manhattan.
They always ate pizza during the war Speaking
and became pizza fans in the 4. Work in pairs. Do you have a typical
United States. costume in your town or city?
In 1945, American soldiers came back Describe it. Then compare it with other
from Europe after World War II. traditional clothing from Ecuador.

In the 1890s Italian immigrants

1 brought pizza to the United States
of America.
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Today everyone loves pizza in the

United States, and it is the second most
popular fast food.
One of those immigrants was Gennaro
Mineduc

Lombardi. He opened the first pizza

restaurant in New York in 1905.
Adapted from:https: //bit.ly/339NJyW - https://bit.ly/2CcWw8O -
https://bit.ly/2LPww8A
https://kids.kiddle.co/Pizza

30
 Do you want to travel to
Assessment other countries?
Reading and Vocabuary

1. Read the text. Underline all the adjectives in blue. Circle the
superlative adjectives in red.

One of the healthiest and most popular dishes in

Ecuador is fish. In the highlands, people catch trout in
sweet water rivers. Fishing for trout is also one of the
nicest activities to do on the weekend with family or
friends. In the highlands, they usually prepare fried
trout and serve it with fries, white rice and a traditional
preparation called curtido, made with fresh tomatoes
and red onions. It’s one of the most delicious dishes in
the Andean region.
On the Ecuadorian coast, people eat the most varied
seafood. One of the best dishes in this region
is the sea bass.
In the Amazon region the most traditional dish is called
“Maito”. They prepare it with river fish (catfish,
pintadillo) and wrap it in plantain leaves. People roast
this wrapped fish directly into the fire.
Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2ZsdFne

2. Complete the chart with the superlative adjectives

from the text.
End in –y Two or more syllables

the + adjective + iest the most + adjective

freepik

I’m completing this self-evaluation based on what I learned in the module.

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I check the box that most applies to me

I do it I can’t do it
Topics I do it very well I can improve
somewhat well without help
I can use simple past in negative sentences.
I can describe using adjectives.

I can differentiate facts from opinions.

31
 Project 2
My favorite typical dish

Facebook / Fritada ecuatoriana

freepik
1. Prepare a presentation for
the class. Answer these
questions to organize
your ideas:
2. Make a poster about your
• What’s your favorite favorite typical dish. Draw
typical dish? pictures or find images and
• What ingredients does include the most important
it have? information about the dish. 3. Present your favorite
• What do you like the typical dish
most of this dish? to the class.
• When do you eat it?
• Who prepares it?
• Why do you think it is
the most delicious dish?
• Compare it with
another typical dish.
Ministeriodede
venta.Ministerio Educación
Educación
Freepik / colorfuelstudio

freepik

su venta.
Prohibida su
Prohibida

32