ŽILINSKÁ UNIVERZITA V ŽILINE, FPEDaS
KATEDRA LETECKEJ DOPRAVY
Semestrálna práca
Nehoda letúnov L-410 v obci Červený kameň
KLEIN, KOHÚTOVÁ
Introduction :
Operator / Owner : DUBNICA AIR, s.r.o.
Type of operation : paradrop
Types of aircraft : L-410UVP, L-410MA
Registration marks : OM-ODQ, OM-SAB
Departure aerodrome : LZDB
Place of accident : Červený kameň
Date and time of accident : 20.8.2015, 07:21 UTC
Overview:
On 20.08.2015 at 07:13, pilots of aircraft L-410MA and L-410UVP, registration
marks OM-SAB and OM-ODQ, took off from the airport LZDB for paradrop of 34
parachutists.
The take-off was carried out individually, the first took of the OM-SAB aircraft and
immediately after it the OM-ODQ aircraft. After take-off the aircraft climbed separately to the
height of FL140 (4000 m). During the ascending flight, at an altitude of 1300-1400 m QFE
LZDB, the aircraft approached and came into contact, resulting in damage and consequent
unmanageability. Both aircraft began to rotate and fall towards the ground. Of the total
number of 34 paratroopers, 32 managed to leave the aircraft in time.
One paratrooper from OM-SAB landed on the ground without the main parachute
canopy and died on impact. Also, both OM-SAB crew members were killed in the crash and
subsequent fire.
Two OM-ODQ paratroopers did not jump out and died along with two crew members
when the aircraft crashed into the ground.
Process of accident :
The aircraft took off from the LZDB airport at 7:13 UTC. The climb to the altitude of
4000 m took place individually each flight took place from the perspective of air traffic
control in the group and in this spirit also took place communication between the commander
of the aircraft OM-SAB and FIC.
2
Just before the collision, the OM-SAB pilot in command communicated with the FIC
about the activity of the onboard transponder, which at that time did not transmit correct data
and the aircraft was not displayed on the FIC monitor. After turning on the second
transponder set, the flight data began to display correctly at the FIC.
OM-ODQ gradually approached from the rear to the right of the OM-SAB aircraft into
a tight formation at an altitude of 1300-1400 m, at 07:21 UTC, both aircraft came into contact
with each other. Just before the contact, OM-ODQ's paratroopers contacted, they suddenly
experienced a negative overload, which lifted them from their seats, then felt and heard an
impact.
The right wing of the OM-SAB aircraft first damaged the OM-ODQ's roller shutter
door and during the next movement caused further damage to the rear of the aircraft, along
with the horizontal and vertical tail surfaces, OM-ODQ has become uncontrollable.
During further contact of aircraft parts, the right side of the horizontal tail surfaces of
the OM-SAB were damaged. Damaged was also the right aileron because of torned off tail
from the aircraft OM-ODQ. OM-SAB aircraft became uncontrollable and began to fall in a
complicated rotational motion, so that in the final phase of the fall it rotated around all three
axes and started to burn just after impact. 17 paratroopers from OM-SAB left the plane, but
one of them landed on the ground without the canopy of the main parachute and died on
impact.
OM-ODQ aircraft without tail part fell in a flat spin. 15 paratroopers from the OM-
ODQ aircraft gradually left the aircraft, two paratroopers probably, due to injuries sustained
on board during the action of large centrifugal forces, failed to jump and died along with the
crew of the aircraft.
Injuries Crew Paratroopers Other
fatal 4 3 -
serious - - -
light injuries - 7 -
without - 24 -
Damage of aircraft :
Both aircraft were damaged during the accident.
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Picture 1 : Wreckage of aircraft OM-ODQ
Picture 2 : Wreckage of aircraft OM-SAB
Flight crew profile :
OM-SAB
Pilot in command
Citizen of the Slovak Republic, 45 years old, holder of the ATPL (A) airline transport
pilot license issued by the Civil Aviation Authority of the Slovak Republic on 05.04.2005.
Class 1 medical certificate with validity until 10.12.2015.
Qualifications :
MEP(L)/IR with validity until 30.11.2015
SEP(L) with validity until 31.01.2016
L-410/IR with validity until 31.03.2016
FI(A) with validity until 28.02.2017
TMG with validity until 30.09.2015
TRI(MPA) L-410 with validity until 31.08.2016
BE90/99/100/200 with validity until 31.08.2016
Z137T with validity until 31.08.2015
Flight experiences :
Total time 8 404 h 55 min
First officer
Citizen of the Slovak Republic, 36 years old, holder of the CPL(A) commercial pilot
license issued by the Civil Aviation Authority of Slovak Republic on 08.07.2015.
Class 1 medical certificate with validity until 10.03.2016.
Qualifications :
L-410/IR with validity until 31.07.2016
MEP(L)/IR with validity until 30.04.2016
SEP(L) with validity until 31.08.2017
4
Flight experiences :
Total time 235 h 22 min
OM-ODQ
Pilot in command
Citizen of the Slovak Republic, 45years old, holder of the ATPL(A) airline transport
pilot license issued by the Civil Aviation Authority of Slovak Republic on 12.11.2002.
Class 1 medical certificate with validity until 14.01.2016.
Qualifications :
FI(A) with validity until 31.03.2017
L-410/IR with validity until 31.08.2016
SEP(L)/IR with validity until 31.10.2015
TMG with validity until 30.11.2016
TRI(MPA) B737 300-900 FFS only with validity until 31.01.2018
TRI(SPA) C525 with validity until 31.03.2017
B737 300-900/IR with validity until 31.05.2016
MEP(L) with validity until 30.04.2016
Flight experiences :
Total time 10 625 h 13 min
First Officer
Citizen of the Slovak Republic, 45 years old, holder of the CPL(A) commercial pilot
license issued by the Civil Aviation Authority of Slovak Republic on 19.08.2013.
Class 1 medical certificate with validity until 15.10.2015.
Qualifications :
L-410/IR CP with validity until 31.10.2015
SEP(L) with validity until 31.10.2015
MEP(L) with validity until 31.10.2015
Flight experiences : -
Aircraft profile
L-410 UVP
Registration mark : OM-ODQ
Serial number : 841320
Manufacturer : LET , a.s. Kunovice, Czech Republic
Total time : 8 201 h
Right engine : WALTER M601 D
Left engine : WALTER M601 D
MTOW : 5 700 kg
Basic empty weight : 3 877,5 kg
Fuel : 320,0 kg
5
Crew + paratroopers : 1631,0 kg
MTOW was exceeded by 128,5 kg.
L-410 MA
Registration mark : OM-SAB
Serial number : 750405
Manufacturer : LET , a.s. Kunovice, Czech Republic
Total time : 5 618 h
Right engine : WALTER M601 D
Left engine : WALTER M601 D
MTOW : 5 700 kg
Basic empty weight : 3 770,5 kg
Fuel : 310,0 kg
Crew + paratroopers : 1768,0 kg
MTOW was exceeded by 148,5 kg.
Meteorological conditions :
On 20.08.2015 at 07:00 in the area of Červený Kameň / in Slávnica airport was partly
cloudy, 3/8 - 4/8 cloud cover, made up of 2/8 of Stratocumulus type with a base height of
about 2000 m, 1/8 - 2 / 8 Altocumulus type with a height of about 3000 m and 1/8 - 2/8 of
Cirrus type. In the area of Slávnica Airport at a height of 10 m above the ground, there was a
light northeast wind with an average speed of 2 to 3 m / s and with gusts up to 5 m / s. The air
temperature was about 16 °C, the relative air humidity was about 70%. The horizontal
visibility was about 40 km.
Conclusions
Pilots had valid qualifications to conduct the flight
Prior to the flight, pilots made a convention on the manner of flight and the parameters
for paradrop
OM-ODQ pilot in command controlled the aircraft on the basis of an autopsy report
OM-SAB crew was unaware of the intention to fly in tight formation
Aircraft were not equipped with an on-board flight data recorder, therefore flight
analysis in terms of flight parameters is based on data obtained from the GPS device,
witness testimonies, cell phone record and ground traces
Aircraft had valid documentation and showed no failure before and during the flight
Aircraft before critical flight were in airworthiness conditions
Both aircraft took off with MTOW exceeded
Technical condition of the used para equipment met all the required technical and
legislative requirements
Operator DUBNICA AIR, s.r.o. had valid permit to perform aerial work
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Paradrop traffic was in accordance with all the guidelines
Cause of accident
Main cause of the accident was inappropriate control of the aircraft by pilot in
command, also not enough attention paid during tight formation flight
Manipulation with mobile phone during flight
Overweight of aircraft OM-ODQ
Overestimating of own abilities by pilot in command of aircraft OM-ODQ
