MODLM0010
Principles
of
Subtitling
Unit
handbook
2014-‐15
Unit
aims:
1)
to
familiarise
students
with
the
principles
underpinning
the
practice
of
interlingual
subtitling
2)
to
familiarise
students
with
an
appropriate
software
package
for
carrying
out
interlingual
subtitling
3)
to
familiarise
students
with
the
most
important
conceptual
and
theoretical
parameters
relating
to
interlingual
subtitling
Unit
learning
outcomes:
On
successful
completion
of
the
unit,
students
will
be
able
to:
(a)
demonstrate
knowledge
of
the
functionalities
of
an
appropriate
subtitling
software
(b)
demonstrate
knowledge
and
understanding
of
cross-‐linguistic,
cross-‐cultural
issues
in
subtitling;
(c)
produce
interlingual
subtitles
for
audiovisual
products
in
two
principal
genres:
feature
films
and
documentaries,
using
the
subtitling
package
(d)
explain
and
justify
their
subtitling
choices
with
reference
to
appropriate
theoretical
and
professional
parameters.
1
Content
This
unit
will
function
as
a
multilingual
class.
The
first
weeks
will
include
set
readings
and
tasks,
and
will
require
you
to
join
in
discussions
on
the
discussion
board.
Preparation
for
discussion
may
include
reading,
viewing
of
subtitled
material
and/or
the
preparation
of
subtitled
clips.
The
rest
of
the
unit
is
conducted
on
a
workshop
model
where
you
will
be
required
to
subtitle
several
short
film
clips,
and
then
discuss
the
exercises
on
the
forum.
Exercises
may
be
into
or
out
of
your
mother
tongue.
The
first
analysis
assignment
is
into
English.
Your
final,
practical
assignment
is
normally
into
your
mother
tongue.
Various
software
may
be
used,
including
Aegisub
(www.aegisub.org/)
and
Subtitle
Workshop
(see
http://subworkshop.sourceforge.net/).
We
will
use
Youtube
too
so
you
will
need
a
Youtube
account.
For
any
students
who
still
have
access
to
a
Windows
XP
machine,
there
is
a
demo
(limited
functionality)
version
of
Wincaps
software
with
the
Díaz
Cintas
and
Remael
textbook
which
you
could
use.
Other
software
may
be
used
on
the
condition
that
it
is
also
available
to
the
unit
tutor,
who
will
need
it
in
order
to
play
and
give
feedback
on
your
subtitles.
Please
note
that
subtitling
is
an
area
which
requires
technical
interest
and
competence;
it
is
very
normal
for
there
to
be
hitches
and
glitches
with
software,
and
you
may
need
to
be
patient
and/or
ingenious!
For
more
experience
in
subtitling
beyond
the
unit
you
could
try
Amara
(http://www.amara.org/en/)
or
TED
(https://www.ted.com/participate/translate)
(out
of
English
only).
Schedule
Week
Date
Topic
or
activity
13
26
Jan
Introduction
to
audiovisual
translation
and
subtitling
14
2
Feb
Subtitling
Conventions
I:
Compression,
Deletion,
Composition
15
9
Feb
Subtitling
Conventions
2:
Punctuation
16
16
Feb
Subtitling,
culture
and
ideology
20
Feb
Deadline
for
software
download:
get
up
and
running
Notification
to
tutor
of
Assignment
1
text
by
Thursday
23
Feb
17
23
Feb
The
pragmatics
of
subtitling.
Workshop
1:
fiction
film
18
2
Mar
Software
practice
and
troubleshooting
19
9
Mar
Workshop
1:
discussion
and
comment
ASSIGNMENT
1:
SUBTITLE
ANALYSIS
(13
March)
20
16
Mar
Workshop
2:
non-‐fiction
film
21
23
Mar
Workshop
2:
discussion
and
comment
2
23-‐27
Mar
Posting
of
assessment
clips
for
download
EASTER
VACATION
Saturday
28
March
–
Sunday
19
April
2015
22
20
April
Workshop
3:
accent,
wordplay,
poetic
texts
23
27
April
Workshop
3:
discussion
and
comment
24
4
May
Subtitles
at
play
FINAL
ASSIGNMENT
(11
May)
Tutor:
Dr
Carol
O’Sullivan
(carol.osullivan@bristol.ac.uk)
Telephone:
0117
9287432
Skype:
carol.mary.osullivan
Office
hours:
6-‐8
on
a
Tuesday
evening
or
by
appointment
Assessment
The
assessment
for
this
unit
is
composed
of
two
assignments:
1)
A
1,000-‐word
evaluation
of
a
short
film
or
film
extract
with
English
interlingual
subtitles
(30%)
(ILO2)
to
be
submitted
on
Friday
13
March).
This
assignment
is
worth
30%
of
the
mark
for
this
unit.
The
excerpt
for
analysis
is
selected
by
the
student,
subject
to
tutor
approval.
See
schedule
above
for
the
deadline
for
notification.
The
subtitles
must
be
in
English.
The
excerpt
must
be
made
available
to
the
tutor
to
facilitate
marking.
Words
or
phrases
not
in
English
quoted
in
your
analysis
must
be
glossed
to
facilitate
comprehension
by
someone
who
doesn’t
speak
the
source
language.
2)
A
set
of
subtitles
for
a
clip
of
c.5
minutes,
set
by
the
tutor,
and
an
accompanying
commentary
of
2,000
words
(ILOs
1-‐4)
to
be
submitted
(Monday
11
May).
This
assignment
is
worth
70%
of
the
mark
for
this
unit.
Within
this
assignment,
40%
of
the
mark
will
be
for
the
linguistic
and
technical
quality
of
the
subtitles,
and
60%
for
the
commentary.
Clips
for
the
assignment
will
be
made
available
by
the
tutor
before
Easter.
Please
download
right
away
and
import
into
your
subtitling
software
to
check
for
technical
problems,
e.g.
file
formats.
You
may
need
to
convert
the
file
format,
depending
on
your
software.
The
uploaded
final
assignment
must
include
two
files:
a) One
document
including
your
commentary,
with
bibliography,
and
a
transcript
of
your
subtitles
and
spotted
times.
A
template
will
be
provided
for
this
on
Blackboard.
b) Your
electronic
subtitle
file.
3
Your
assignment
must
clearly
identify
the
software
you
used
to
create
the
subtitles.
The
unit
tutor
will
watch
your
subtitled
clip,
mark
the
commentary
and,
where
necessary,
call
on
a
language-‐specific
tutor
to
mark
the
linguistic
quality
of
the
subtitles.
The
assignment
weighting
is
60
(commentary):
40
(subtitles),
but
you
will
receive
a
single
mark
for
this
assignment.
Your
subtitle
file
must
be
submitted
in
order
for
your
assignment
to
be
considered
complete,
but
where
there
are
divergences
between
the
submitted
electronic
file
and
hard
copy,
it
is
the
hard
copy
transcript
which
will
be
considered
definitive
rather
than
the
subtitle
file.
This
is
to
avoid
problems
caused
by
technical/software
faults.
The
transcript
is
presented
in
Landscape
while
the
commentary
will
use
the
usual
Portrait
layout;
you
can
use
the
Section
Break
function
in
Word
to
integrate
the
two
documents
in
one
file.
As
with
all
MA
work,
each
assignment
must
have
a
bibliography.
Reading
List
Díaz
Cintas,
J.
2007.
Back
to
the
Future
in
Subtitling.
Proceedings
of
the
Marie
Curie
Euroconferences
MuTra:
Challenges
of
Multidimensional
Translation.
Díaz
Cintas,
J.
and
A.
Remael.
2007.
Audiovisual
Translation:
Subtitling.
Manchester:
St.
Jerome
(core
textbook)
Gambier,
Y.
(Ed.).
2003.
Screen
Translation
(special
issue
of
The
Translator).
Gottlieb,
Henrik,
1994.
‘Subtitling:
diagonal
translation’,
Perspectives:
Studies
in
Translatology,
2:
101-‐21
Karamitroglou,
F.
1998.
A
Proposed
Set
of
Subtitling
Standards
in
Europe.
Translation
Journal,
2(2),
1-‐15.
Available
online
at
http://www.accurapid.com/journal/04stndrd.htm
Nornes,
A.
M.
1999.
For
an
abusive
subtitling.
Film
Quarterly
52(3):
17–34.
Further
reading
will
be
supplied
in
the
course
of
the
unit,
and
you
will
receive
guidance
in
how
to
track
down
background
literature
to
support
your
final
assignment.
Marking
criteria
Subtitling
marking
criteria:
The
criteria
for
a
pass
include
both
technical
and
linguistic
subtitle
usability.
In
order
to
pass,
your
subtitles
and
the
timing
of
the
subtitles
must
be
sufficiently
accurate
for
your
viewer
to
follow
the
clip
at
a
threshold
level.
4
90%+
Subtitles
demonstrate
flawless
understanding
of
the
grammatical
and
syntactic
structures
of
the
source
text
throughout.
The
subtitler
shows
an
outstanding
command
of
the
target
language.
The
compression
of
the
subtitles
demonstrate
a
professional
level
of
judgement
throughout.
Synchronisation
is
flawless.
Subtitle
composition
and
layout
adhere
flawlessly
to
the
standard
conventions.
Difficulties
of
cultural
and
linguistic
transfer
are
resolved
with
exceptional
creative
skill
and
awareness.
The
subtitles
are
impeccably
proofread
and
require
no
editing
to
be
fit
for
purpose.
80-‐89
Subtitles
demonstrate
near-‐perfect
understanding
of
the
grammatical
and
syntactic
structures
of
the
source
text
throughout.
The
subtitler
shows
an
extremely
good
command
of
the
target
language.
Subtitle
composition
and
layout
adhere
very
well
indeed
to
the
standard
conventions.
The
compression
of
the
subtitles
demonstrates
an
excellent
level
of
judgement
throughout.
Synchronisation
is
very
good
indeed.
Difficulties
of
cultural
and
linguistic
transfer
are
resolved
in
a
very
imaginative
and
creative
way.
Presentation
is
excellent
throughout
and
the
subtitles
very
carefully
proofread.
The
subtitles
require
only
very
minor
editing
to
be
fit
for
purpose.
70-‐79
Subtitles
are
of
a
very
high
standard,
showing
very
good
understanding
of
the
grammatical
and
syntactic
structures
of
the
source
text
throughout.
Subtitle
composition
and
layout
adhere
very
well
to
the
standard
conventions.
The
compression
of
the
subtitles
demonstrates
a
very
good
level
of
judgement
throughout.
Synchronisation
is
excellent,
with
only
very
minor
inaccuracies
which
in
no
way
affect
the
usability
of
the
subtitles.
The
subtitles
require
little
editing
to
be
fit
for
purpose.
Difficulties
of
linguistic
and
cultural
transfer
are
solved
very
skilfully
with
only
very
minor
awkwardness.
Presentation
is
very
good
throughout
and
the
translation
carefully
proofread.
60-‐69
The
subtitles
are
of
a
good
standard
throughout,
showing
sound
understanding
of
the
grammatical
and
syntactic
structures
of
the
source
text.
There
may
be
some
minor
distortions
of
the
message,
but
none
of
a
serious
nature.
The
subtitles
may
require
some
editing
to
be
fit
for
purpose.
Subtitle
composition
and
layout
adhere
to
the
standard
conventions.
The
compression
of
the
subtitles
demonstrates
a
good
level
of
judgement
throughout.
Spotting
is
very
good,
with
only
minor
slips
which
do
not
seriously
distract
the
viewer.
There
may
be
some
errors
in
the
choice
of
appropriate
lexis
in
the
TL.
Overall,
the
subtitler
shows
a
good
command
of
the
target
language
and
the
ability
to
restructure
the
original
syntax
where
appropriate,
though
there
may
be
some
awkward
passages.
There
may
be
minor
inaccuracies
in
presentation
and
proofreading.
50-‐59
The
subtitles
are
of
a
generally
good
and
usable
standard,
and
demonstrate
broad
understanding
of
the
grammatical
and
syntactic
structures
of
the
source
text.
Though
there
may
be
occasional
mistranslations,
these
do
not
seriously
affect
the
usability
of
the
subtitles.
The
subtitles
are
likely
to
require
editing
to
be
fit
for
purpose.
Subtitle
composition
and
layout
adhere,
in
general,
to
the
standard
conventions
though
there
may
be
some
slips
or
inconsistencies.
Compression
of
the
subtitles
is
sufficient
to
5
allow
an
appropriate
reading
speed.
Any
errors
or
imprecision
in
the
spotting
do
not
seriously
affect
the
usability
of
the
subtitles.
There
may
be
some
errors
in
the
choice
of
appropriate
lexis
in
the
TL.
Overall,
the
subtitler
shows
a
fair
command
of
the
target
language
and
the
ability
to
restructure
the
original
syntax
where
appropriate,
though
there
are
likely
to
be
awkward
passages.
There
are
likely
to
be
minor
inaccuracies
in
presentation
and
proofreading.
N.B.
50%
is
the
Pass
mark
at
MA
level.
40-‐49
45-‐49
The
subtitles
show
limited
understanding
of
the
requirements
of
subtitle
translation.
There
are
likely
to
be
a
few
major
distortions
to
the
text
as
well
as
more
minor
ones.
There
are
a
significant
number
of
errors
in
the
use
of
appropriate
lexis
in
TL.
There
are
some
acceptable
grammatical
and
syntactic
structures
used
in
the
TL
version,
but
a
number
of
unacceptable
ones
also
used.
Attempts
to
solve
linguistic
and
cultural
difficulties
are
largely
unsuccessful.
Subtitle
composition
and
layout
fail
to
adhere
consistently
to
the
standard
conventions.
Compression
is
insufficient
and
a
number
of
subtitles
may
be
over
the
reading
speed,
or
of
an
inappropriate
duration.
There
may
be
imprecision
in
spotting
which
hinders
the
viewer
from
following
the
subtitles.
There
may
be
significant
inaccuracies
in
presentation
and
proof-‐reading.
Overall,
the
subtitles
show
limited
usability
for
the
target
audience
and
require
significant
editorial
changes
to
be
fit
for
purpose.
40-‐45
The
subtitler
shows
a
very
limited
capacity
to
apply
a
coherent
strategy
to
the
subtitles
which
would
require
significant
editorial
changes
to
be
fit
for
purpose.
There
are
likely
to
be
a
number
of
significant
distortions
of
the
message
and
many
minor
distortions.
There
are
a
significant
number
of
errors
in
the
use
of
appropriate
lexis
in
TL.
Grammatical
and
syntactic
structures
in
the
TL
may
frequently
be
awkward
or
unacceptable.
Attempts
to
solve
linguistic
and
cultural
difficulties
are
largely
unsuccessful.
Subtitle
composition
and
layout
fail
to
adhere
to
the
conventions.
Many
subtitles
may
be
over
the
reading
speed,
or
of
an
inappropriate
duration.
There
may
be
imprecision
in
spotting
which
hinders
the
viewer
from
following
the
subtitles.
There
may
be
significant
inaccuracies
in
presentation
and
proof-‐reading.
Overall,
the
subtitles
are
not
usable
for
the
target
audience
and
would
require
major
revision
to
be
fit
for
purpose.
30-‐39
30-‐39
There
is
little
or
no
evidence
of
a
coherent
subtitling
strategy
and
serious
misunderstanding
of
the
grammatical
and
syntactic
structures
of
the
source
text
throughout.
The
subtitles
would
require
wholesale
revision
to
be
fit
for
purpose.
There
are
a
significant
number
of
major
and
minor
distortions
of
the
message.
There
are
a
substantial
number
of
errors
in
the
use
of
appropriate
lexis.
There
are
some
acceptable
grammatical
and
syntactic
structures
used
in
the
TL.
version,
but
a
substantial
number
of
unacceptable
ones
also
used.
Subtitle
composition
and
layout
are
consistently
poor.
Reading
speed
and
appropriate
subtitle
duration
are
not
respected.
There
may
be
errors
in
spotting
which
mean
that
subtitles
are
generally
out
of
sync.
Difficulties
of
linguistic
and
cultural
transfer
are
largely
unresolved.
There
may
be
serious
inaccuracies
in
presentation
and
proof-‐reading.
6
20-‐29
Little
understanding
of
the
grammatical
and
syntactic
structures
of
the
source
text
throughout,
making
a
strategic
approach
to
subtitling
impossible.
The
subtitles
would
require
radical
revision
or
retranslation
to
be
fit
for
purpose.
There
are
many
major
and
minor
distortions
of
the
message.
There
are
a
substantial
number
of
errors
in
the
use
of
appropriate
lexis.
There
are
a
few
acceptable
grammatical
and
syntactic
structures
used
in
the
subtitles,
but
a
substantial
number
of
unacceptable
ones
also
used.
Subtitle
composition
and
layout
are
consistently
very
poor.
Subtitles
demonstrate
little
awareness
of
reading
speed
requirements
and
appropriate
subtitle
duration.
Subtitles
may
be
badly
out
of
sync
throughout.
Difficulties
of
linguistic
and
cultural
transfer
are
unresolved.
There
may
be
very
serious
inaccuracies
in
presentation
and
proof-‐reading.
0-‐19
Almost
complete
failure
to
understand
the
grammatical
and
syntactic
structures
of
the
source
text
and
to
approach
the
subtitling
strategically.
The
text
is
unrevisable
and
would
require
retranslation
to
be
fit
for
purpose.
There
are
unacceptable
inaccuracies
in
presentation
and
proofreading.
The
message
is
very
substantially
distorted
in
many
places.
There
is
persistent
use
of
inappropriate
lexis
in
the
TL.
The
subtitles
demonstrate
little
or
no
understanding
of
acceptable
TL
expression,
or
of
the
technical
and
linguistic
requirements
of
subtitling.
For
marking
criteria
for
the
other
components
of
the
assessment,
see
Postgraduate
Handbook.
Further
information
For
information
about
extensions
and
late
submission,
rules
on
computer
failure
and
other
important
regulations,
see
Programme
Handbook
and
Postgraduate
Handbook.
For
information
about
submitting
your
work
via
Blackboard,
see
‘Submit
work
here’
section
on
Blackboard.
7