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For any question, refer Chinese file.pdf
Last exam taker

Speaking
Read Aloud
In the fast-changing world of modern healthcare, the job of a doctor is more and more like the job of a chief executive. The
people who run hospitals and physicians' practices don't just need to know medicine. They must also be able to balance
budgets, motivate a large and diverse staff and make difficult marketing and legal decisions.

Domestication is an evolutionary,rather than a political development. They were more likely to survive and prosper in an
alliance with humans than on their own. Humans provided the animals with food and pretection, in exchange for which the
animals provided the humans their milk and eggs and -- yes--their flesh.

Repeat Sentence
The class will be divided into two groups; you follow me and the other stay here.
xxx welcome international students from all over the world.

Describe Image
Baby sleeping hours – change the description according to new diagram
World literacy rates
UK household with internet
Health Pyramid
World population in developing and industrialized countries
Water cycle
Meat consumption
Earning and Unemployment
UK Greenhouse gas emission
UK population 3 colors diff age groups
Tesco Extra music download
Africa map-change in cereal output
Annual Income of Bachelor degrees – Business and Education table
Precipitation & temperature
US veg and fruit consumption
Mean of gpa
Man outside job market Pie + Line graphs
America 4 cities rainfall
UK & Scotland Pay gap
Income distribution in China & US
Student pay for college - available in mobile
Life Expectancy
Product Sales by Quarter
Australian men and women life line chart
Histogram to talk about the economic changes in various sectors.
Sunrise & sunset time
Papermaking flow chart
Laos’s welfare - note the three lines with the legend and the corresponding curve
100% wellbeing including nutrition, relaxation and exercise.
World’s water composition
World’s water distribution
Population by income level, consumption level - bar chart and map
World population table
% of population in urban areas
People's entertainment drama, painting, sculpture, language – Bar and pie charts
Transport mode in European city 1960
Unemployment percentage in UK fluctuated
Australia map
Tallest buildings
World internet population table
Economic inactivity
Reasons for not visiting museum Pie chart
Men and women's percentage in watching TV
Australia map-population distribution
Precipitation changes - 1900-1994
Population growth in Sydney (1976-2031)
Men and women in different regions Literacy Compared – available in mobile
Drinking habit by age
Litchfield population

Retell Lecture
Eukaryotes and prokaryotes
India Community health workers – PPT
Open border
Girls and boys marks in Math and English
Darkness of galaxy
Coffee production [or] Coffee Industry
Brain development
Bomb calorimeter
Latin America
Thermodynamics kinetic
Rural or small language disappears or extinction
Mouse licking and grooming map, High LG low LG
Disempowerment and civil society groups
Mr. Green – Amory Lovins
 Welsh language
Urbanization
Expenditure on education in European countries
Paris renovation
Dimensions
100 CEO surveys
Australian economy/exports
Remote monitoring technology
Population growth and resource consumption – Mega city
Poor migrate to rich country
Low birth rate
Marshmallow experiment
Subsidy to farmers
The new question with a map of a European gentleman's head beard is to introduce this person is a surgeon surgery he
influenced the development of modern surgery in Europe finally have a ghost thing to his name nonsense.

Answer Short Questions

What is the opposite direction of the northeast? SouthWest
In thedoctor's course of 1-5 years, when is the thesis? 5th year
How many wheels has tricycle? 3
If you are lost in city, what should you buy? Map
A table is shown. Asked how many classes? - 4
The metro capacity and construction time of the table, London and other cities: the question is the first city to build the
subway? time? Not sure when or where.
What is the company earning money? - profit
To climb 25 floors what is the fastest? - elevator
Gave a cartoon question to ask how to describe the weather in the map? - sunny
What is the ten years? - decade
Which is first invented: print press, computer or mobile phone? - print press
Where to see the scientific instruments? - laboratory
Where is the lunar map? - moon
Flowchart Ask you last step is: Step 8
What is first stage of master's degree and bachelor's? Lodge application
Map of North America: What is the name of the water/ocean on west? Pacific Ocean.
Camel lives in which habitat? Desert
Km and Kg, Which is to measure length/distance? KM
Flowchart: Which step is to make final decision? 6th step
Miles and KMs are used to measure distance or liquid? Distance
Three ages, which is the long sister?
Figure: what is the person doing? Buy books
Where does solar power generate energy? Sun
Windmill is used for? Electricity
What is the safety device of the plane? Seat belt
3 eggs, 1 egg is in different color. Which side is that egg? Right side
When you rub 2 things, what will happen? Friction
You bought a house and sold at high price. What will you get? Profit
If you have to owe, are u in debt or gain? Debt
After more work, you will be exhausted or refreshed? Exhausted
Why this person should wear gloves? I answered - chemicals are poisoned
What key mineral makes seawater different from fresh water? Salt
If a figure is hexagonal, how many sides does it have? Six
What is the time the last train leaving?
Asked a man and a woman in the map doing? Looking at laptop
Image 9th room – what is the 9th room in this picture?
Image : Where is the education room ? Above university campus (marked in green).
Image some org chart was given. Who is the assistant to the director?
Graph: Why is something less than 10%? Because it was too expensive.
What is H2O stands for? Water
What is it when two stones are rubbed? Fire
Person who takes care of our teeth? Dentist
Picture with a person in ATM - what the person is doing? withdrawing money

When earth and universe come to same line what we call it? Horizon
What is wrong about the given picture? Invalid Password
Photo with 2 women with laptop and what they are doing? browsing computer
What kind of book is written by a person about their own life? Autobiography
A woman was checking books on the bookshelf in a book store. What she is doing? Searching book
A TV remote with red color power was shown and asked where is power button? Top red color
In a web page 2 arrows ^ and < pointing to diff links and was asked what the arrow was pointing?
Image with a lady with laptop and papers and all papers are flying around and she was trying to grab them. What happened to
the papers? Flying
One bar graph with blue-students and purple for academic staff, which room has less number of academic staff? Room 4
Gravity comes in physics or biology? Physics
One dad is showing something to son-What is shown in the picture? Father guides son
A stack of books given in image: which is the 3rd book from right?
A map was displayed with various building (looks like some college campus or may be hospital) Question: Where is XYZ building
located? in front of ABC building
3 items were displayed on the screen with a circle on one. Question: What is in the circle? Telephone
A double bar chart was displayed with information about the number of students vs. number of faculties and X axis has section
number 1, 2, 3, 4. Which section has least number of faculties? 4
A person was taking an award from someone. What is being given in the picture? Award
Comparative table was given and was asked which quantity is increasing?
Writing
Summary writing - single sentence – 5 to 75 words - optimum - 30 words
[For contents, refer Writing-Summary writing contents.doc]
AUSTRALIAN INDIGENOUS FOOD
ANIMAL vs HUMAN - ASKING QUESTIONS
CRISIS IN BRITISH ARCHAEOLOGY
GREENHOUSE GASES AND TAXATION
NATIONAL PROHIBITION ACT – WINE PROHIBITION
THE PROBLEM OF PREDICTION – IBM CHAIRMAN
PARENT'S BORN ORDER AFFECTS THEIR PARENTING - Agati notes
Napping
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING - USA vs India – David Richado
TREE RING DATING - DENDROCHRONOLOGY
London - money capital/financial center
COUNTRY LIVING - A man with rural background persuaded his wife to move back to countryside
Cow and grass
Namibia – Florry
Ageing problem
TV and Children
NOBEL PEACE PRIZE
School Liaison Police – SLP or Armed police in school
ARE FEMALE SONGBIRDS EVOLUTION’S UNSUNG HEROINES?
Beauty contest in AUS
DIASPORA CONSCIOUSNESS

Skipping breakfast has downwards for both adults and children [Paragraph unavailable]
Globalization and democratic revolution [Paragraph unavailable]
Electric vehicle [Paragraph unavailable]

Voting in UK/Australia [Paragraph unavailable]

Negotiation and conflict resolution, how both party can benefit from negotiation. [Paragraph unavailable]
UK government released a policy to rebury human remains after two years of excavation. [Paragraph unavailable]
A women who changed her opinion about wild animals. [Paragraph unavailable]
AUSTRALIAN EDUCATION
MARSHMALLOW TEST
THE DEMAND FOR TALENT
UPPER PALAEOLITHIC PEOPLE
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY IN AFRICA
ANTI-BULLYING PROJECT
THEORY OF RESONANCE
TOURISM INDUSTRY
THE KHOIKHOI
COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES
HOUSE MICE
AUSTRALIAN EDUCATION
DIASPORA CONSCIOUSNESS

Essay

Law
climate change who's responsible to solve problems, government organisations or individuals
Written exam is best
Many people use mobile phone, computer and social networking sites 24 hours a day. Positive or negative?
Extreme sports
education in classroom study or self-study?
Environment influencing factor
Influence of modern mass communications to individuals and societies.
The most important invention in the past 100 years airplanes, computers or antibiotics
The value of travelling and it is good for scholar
The means of communication has changed markedly in the past 10 yrs, what is the positive and negative
Television for entertainment or information
One car per family.
Repetitive routine
Email, social network 24 hrs. using pros and cons
Competitive environment in schools good or bad?
What do you think is the most serious problem/threatening issue in the world?
Role of teacher will be replaced by computer. Agree/disagree?

Reading
Reorder paragraph

Chimpanzees
1. A simple way to disprove this hypothesis (the Innateness Hypothesis) is to demonstrate that other species have the
capacity to speak but for some reason simply have not developed speech.
2. A logical candidate for such a species is the chimpanzee, which shares 98.4% of the human genetic code. Chimpanzees
cannot speak because, unlike homo sapiens, their vocal cords are located higher in their throats and cannot be controlled
as delicately as human vocal cords.
3. It does not follow from their lack of speech, however, that chimpanzees are incapable of language. Perhaps they can
acquire grammar like humans if they could only express it some other way.
4. The obvious alternative is sign language, since all primates have extremely dexterous hands and sign language is a
language.

International date line

1. International date line, imaginary line on the earth's surface, generally following the 180° meridian of longitude, where, by
international agreement, travelers change dates. Traveling eastward across the line, one subtracts one calendar day;
traveling westward, one adds a day.
2. The date line is necessary to avoid a confusion that would otherwise result.
3. For example, if an airplane were to travel westward with the sun, 24 hr would elapse as it circled the globe, but it would
still be the same day for those in the airplane while it would be one day later for those on the ground below them.
4. The same problem would arise if two travelers journeyed in opposite directions to a point on the opposite side of the earth,
180° of longitude distant. The eastward traveler would set his clock ahead 1 hr for each 15° of longitude (see standard
time), so that his clock would gain a total of 12 hr; the westward traveler would set his clock back 1 hr for each 15°,
resulting in a total loss of 12 hr. The two clocks would therefore differ by 24 hr, or one calendar day.
5. The apparent paradox is resolved by requiring that the traveler crossing the date line change his date, thus bringing the
travelers into agreement when they meet.

Vegetarian
1. Vegetarian eat things which do not include meat.
2. The school restaurant according to their request to make the relevant food.
3. Many vegetarian also attract non vegetarians.
4. Many vegetarians have been successful from these foods.
5. But this diet still has some risk.

Sick scientist
1. A scientist is sick.
2. He lost his memory and does not know where the kitchen is
3. But when he is hungry at night, he is automatically finding the location of the kitchen.
4. The scientists have studied it "confirmed that 100 years ago.

Airmail Pilot
1. After finishing first in his pilot training class, Lindbergh took his first job as the chief pilot of an airmail route operated by
Robertson Aircraft Co. of Lambert Field in St. Louis, Missouri.
2. He flew the mail in a de Havilland DH-4 biplane to Springfield, Peoria and Chicago, Illinois.
3. During his tenure on the mail route, he was renowned for delivering the mail under any circumstances.
4. After a crash, he even salvaged stashes of mail from his burning aircraft and immediately phoned Alexander Varney,
Peoria's airport manager, to advise him to send a truck.

1. Technology has drawbacks but also benefits;

2. For example, mobile phone;
3. Someone driving a car and calling, causing an accident or hazard;
4. But we cannot deny the benefits of science and technology;

Arun Maria Boston Consulting

1. Innovation in India is as much due to entrepreneurialism as it is to IT skills, says Arun Maria, chairman of Boston Consulting
Group in India.
2. Indian businessmen have used IT to create new business models that enable them to provide services in a more cost-
effective way. This is not something that necessarily requires expensive technical research.
3. He suggests the country's computer services industry can simply outsource research to foreign universities if the capability
is not available locally.
4. “This way, I will have access to the best scientists in the world without having to produce them myself,” says Mr Maria.

Car accident
1.More car accident in the morning,
2.Examples and figures, (For example in port Macquarie)
3.In particular, teenage driver accidents, (They some other people) Link: these case
4.Attention should be paid to the young people more concern, (More concern about them)
5.New measures, recommendations more qualifications for teenager to get license (Also there is a system)

1. Ask what system can be how?

2. Well, there is a direct answer to the question.
3. It is a system .... (Note that the pronoun refers to the first sentence of the system),
4. This enables ... tools .... (This refers to the system and introduce tools)
5. These tools .......

Immigration effect
1. In the early years of the twenty-first century the impact of immigrants on the welfare state has become a staple of
discussion among policy makers and politicians.
2. It is also a recurrent theme in the press, from the highbrow pages of Prospect to the populism of the Daily Mail.
3. Inevitably, these discussions focus on present-day dilemmas.
4. But the issues themselves are not new and have historical roots that go much deeper than have been acknowledged.

1. A child was fostered by many families.

2. But also studied in different schools.
3. The results of social relations is not good
4. The results are not good.
5. The results suggest to find a good family foster care.

About a festival
What is a festival, and then how this festival, and then there are games, finally how will the award be given.
Australia's trade legislation
The development of language, the first two sentences to speak the language preservation, speaking after three music and
one not remember, but it is not difficult

1 Many people to language and cognitive skill link, what similarity or something
2 language is universal, everyone know at least one language
3 by contrast, not everyone becomes a professor of a certain skill
4 language seem to be simple
5 The opposite is true; language is one of the hardest skills in the world

FIB
Drag and drop
Nature is no longer an alien enigma, but instead something immediately beautiful, an exuberant opus with space for us to
join in. Bird melodies have always been called songs for a reason – exactly same thing

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DNA barcoding was invented by Paul Hebert of the University of Guelph, in Ontario, Canada, in 2003. His idea was to
generate a unique identification tag for each species based on a short stretch of DNA. Separating species would then be a
simple task of sequencing this tiny bit of DNA. Dr Hebert proposed part of a gene called cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) as
suitable to the task. All animals have it. It seems to vary enough, but not too much, to act as a reliable marker. And it is easily
extracted, because it is one of a handful of genes found outside the cell nucleus, in structures called mitochondria.

Barcoding has taken off rapidly since Dr Hebert invented it. When the idea was proposed, it was expected to be a boon to
taxonomists trying to name the world's millions of species. It has, however, proved to have a far wider range of uses than
the merely academic—most promisingly in the realm of public health.

One health-related project is the Mosquito Barcoding Initiative being run by Yvonne-Marie Linton of the Natural History
Museum in London. This aims to barcode 80% of the world's mosquitoes within the next two years, to help control
mosquito-borne diseases. Mosquitoes are responsible for half a billion malarial infections and 1m deaths every year. They
also transmit devastating diseases such as yellow fever, West Nile fever and dengue. However, efforts to control them are
consistently undermined by the difficulty and expense of identifying mosquitoes—of which there are at least 3,500 species,
many of them hard to tell apart.

-----------------------------------------

Richard Morris, of the school of accounting at the University of NSW, which requires an entrance score in the top 5 per cent
of students, says attendance has been a problem since the late 1990s. “sometimes in the lectures we’ve only got about one-
third of students enrolled attending.” He said. “It definitely is a problem, if you don’t turn up to class you’re missing out on
the whole richness of the experience: you don’t think a whole lot, you don’t engage in debates in debates with other
students- or with your teachers.” It is not all gloom, said Professor John Dearn, a Pro Vice-Chancellor at the University of
Canberra, who said the internet was transforming the way students access and use information. “It is strange that despite
all the evidence as to their ineffectiveness, traditional lectures seem to persist in our university.”

-----------------------------------------

When people ask how many countries there are in the world, they expect a simple answer. After all, we've explored the
whole planet, we have international travel, satellite navigation and plenty of global organizations like the United Nations, so
we should really know how many countries there are!

However, the answer to the question varies according to whom you ask. Most people say there are 192 countries, but
others point out that there could be more like 260 of them.

So why isn't there a straight forward answer?

 The problem arises because there isn't a universally agreed definition of 'country' and because, for political reasons, some
countries find it convenient to recognize or not recognize other countries.

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The effect of sleep is very important, children sleep much, adults sleep less, (the first blank forgot, the second blank is)
sleeping ______ (patterns/ habit/ hour/...) [only patterns Is plural, the other is singular] change, as you become older,
(The third blank is) Full of sleep is very important; because you sleep enough of your _____ (immune/ neuro) system will fight
against disease.
(The fourth is blank is) if you sleep a lot but still sleepy, then you see doctor, to identify and solve problem.
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Nutrition is about both art and as well as science -. Dietary recommendations

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In an attempt to lure new students, leading business schools - including Harvard, Stanford, the University of Chicago and
Wharton - have moved away from the unofficial admissions prerequisite of four years' work experience and instead have
set their sights on recent college graduates and so-called "early career" professionals with only a couple years of work under
their belt.

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About Europa, Jupiter moon. Scientists in NASA have found that about this moon. It is based on Galileo findings. It is not
(suitable or ideal) place for life on this planet. Although, they have found, recent measurements have found that this is icy.

-----------------------------------------

Buying a house can be a daunting process, ... First you need to work out how much ... budget planner if you don't already
have one. ... rate increases and for other unforeseen events.... different ownership ratio to the normal 50/50. ... the
ordinary course of events, settlement takes ..... group certificates for the past two years, and.

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Body’s response to stress. Flight n fight response. Doctor may help recognize the problem

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Gas drilling on the Indonesian island of Java has triggered a "mud volcano" that has killed 13 people and may render four
square miles (ten square kilometers) of countryside uninhabitable for years.

In a report released on January 23, a team of British researchers says the deadly upwelling began when an exploratory gas
well punched through a layer of rock 9,300 feet (2,800 meters) below the surface, allowing hot, high-pressure water to
escape. The water carried mud to the surface, where it has spread across a region 2.5 miles (4 kilometers) in diameter in the
eight months since the eruption began. The mud volcano is similar to a gusher or blowout, which occur in oil drilling when
oil or gas squirt to the surface, the team says. This upwelling, however, spews out a volume of mud equivalent to a dozen
Olympic swimming pools each day.

Although the eruption isn't as violent as a conventional volcano, more than a dozen people died when a natural gas pipeline
ruptured. The research team, who published their findings in the February issue of GSA Today, also estimate that the
volcano, called Lusi, will leave more than 11,000 people permanently displaced.

-----------------------------------------

Drive down any highway, and you’ll see a proliferation of chain restaurants — most likely, if you travel long and far enough,
you’ll see McDonald’s golden arches as well as signs for Burger King, Hardee’s, and Wendy’s, the “big four” of burgers.
Despite its name, though, Burger King has fallen short of claiming the burger crown, unable to surpass market leader
McDonalds’s No. 1 sales status. Always the bridesmaid and never the bride, Burger King remains No. 2.

Worse yet, Burger King has experienced a six-year 22 percent decline in customer traffic, with its overall quality rating
dropping while ratings for the other three contenders have increased. The decline has been attributed to inconsistent
product quality and poor customer service. Although the chain tends to throw advertising dollars at the problem, an
understanding of Integrated Marketing Communication theory would suggest that internal management problems (nineteen
CEOs in fifty years) need to be rectified before a unified, long-term strategy can be put in place.

The importance of consistency in brand image and messages, at all levels of communication, has become a basic tenet of
IMC theory and practice. The person who takes the customer’s order must communicate the same message as Burger King’s
famous tagline, “Have it your way,” or the customer will just buss up the highway to a chain restaurant that seems more
consistent and, therefore, more reliable.

-----------------------------------------

The two researchers showed that reintroducing the wolves was correlated with increased growth of willow and cottonwood
in the park. Why? Because grazing animals such as elk were avoiding sites from which they couldn't easily escape, the
scientists claimed. And as the woody plants and trees grew taller and thicker, beaver colonies expanded.

-----------------------------------------

AUSTRALIAN GREAT BARRIER REEF

The ocean floor is home to many unique communities of plants and animals. Most of these marine ecosystems are near the
water surface, such as the Great Barrier Reef, a 2,000km long coral formation off the northeaster coast of Australia. Coral
reefs, like nearly all complex living communities, depend on solar energy for growth (photosynthesis). The sun’s energy,
however, penetrates at most only about 300m below the surface of the water. The relatively shallow penetration of solar
energy and the sinking of cold, sub-polar water combine to make most of the deep ocean floor a frigid environment with
few life forms.

In 1977, scientists discovered hot springs at a depth of 2.5km, on the Galapagos Rift (spreading ridge) off the coast of
Ecuador. This exciting discovery was not really a surprise. Since the early 1970s, scientists had predicted that hot springs
(geothermal vents) should be found at the active spreading centres along the mid-oceanic ridges, where magma, at
temperatures over 1,000°C, presumably was being erupted to form new oceanic crust. More exciting, because it was totally
unexpected, was the discovery of abundant and unusual sea life – giant tube worms, huge clams, and mussels – that thrived
around the hot springs.

-----------------------------------------

Surely, reality is what we think it is; reality is revealed to us by our experiences. To one extent or another, this view of reality
is one many of us hold, if only implicitly. I certainly find myself thinking this way in day-to-day life; it’s easy to be seduced by
the face nature reveals directly to our senses. Yet, in the decades since first encountering Camus’ test, I’ve learned that
modern science tells a very different story.
-----------------------------------------

Mintel Consumer Intelligence estimates the 2002 market for vegetarian foods, those that directly replace meat or other
animal products, to be $1.5 billion. Note that this excludes traditional vegetarian foods such as produce, pasta, and rice.
Mintel forecasts the market to nearly double by 2006 to $2.8 billion, with the highest growth coming from soymilk,
especially refrigerated brands.

The Food and Drug Administration's 1999 decision to allow manufacturers to include heart- healthy claims on foods that
deliver at least 6.25 grams of soy protein per serving and are also low in saturated fat and cholesterol has spurred
tremendous interest in soymilk and other soy foods. A representative of manufacturer Food Tech International (Veggie
Patch brand) reported that from 1998 to 1999, the percentage of consumers willing to try soy products jumped from 32% to
67%. Beliefs about soy's effectiveness in reducing the symptoms of menopause also attracted new consumers. A 2000
survey conducted by the United Soybean Board showed that the number of people eating soy products once a week or more
was up to 27%. Forty-five percent of respondents had tried tofu, 41% had sampled veggie burgers, and 25% had experience
with soymilk (Soy-foods USA e-mail newsletter). Mintel estimates 2001 sales of frozen and refrigerated meat alternatives in
food stores at nearly $300 million, with soymilk sales nearing $250 million.

-----------------------------------------
Light is the Thomas Alva Edison. Foundation ... Koolaklan reenacted Thomas Edison's invention of the Incandescent lamp on
Oct. ... that American society will fall if more research is ... to honor the memory of Edison and the Centennial. Edison is ....
methods across the dim borderland from the .... Hoboken in 1930.

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AMERICAN SKIES

As many times as thousands/helicopters/pilots three times, there will be thousands of jets, at airliner altitudes, avoiding
midair collisions, carrying satellites

-----------------------------------------

INDIAN ONION COOKING

The most vital ingredient in Indian cooking, the basic element with which all dishes begin and, normally, the cheapest
vegetable available, the pink onion is an essential item in the shopping basket of families of all classes. But in recent weeks,
the onion has started to seem an unaffordable luxury for India's

poor. Over the past few days, another sharp surge in prices has begun to unsettle the influential urban middle classes. The
sudden spike in prices has been caused by large exports to neighbouring countries and a shortage of supply.

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MEDICAL EDUCATION

weight, consequences, diverged, dissipated, strike

-----------------------------------------

GOOD CUSTOMER SERVICE

at a distinctive disadvantage, no matter how much the company spend onmarketing, it's a wasted money

-----------------------------------------

TRANSITION

between the completion of, some students are able to initiate successful strategies to cope with

-----------------------------------------

AUSTRALIAN LITERATURE
had been, not until, is becoming

-----------------------------------------

THREE DEGREE THEORY

diminished existence

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GREEK AND WINE

By the Bronze Age drinking vessels were being made of sheet metal, primarily bronze or gold. However, the peak of feasting
-- and in particular, of the ‘political’ type of feast -came in the late Hallstatt period (about 600--450 BC), soon after the
foundation of the Greek colony of Massalia (Marseille) at the mouth of the Rhine. From that date on, the blood of the grape
began to make its way north and east along major river systems together with imported metal and ceramic drinking vessels
from the Greek world.
Wine was thus added to the list of mood -- altering beverages -- such as mead and ale (see coloured text below) -- available
to establish social networks in Iron Age Europe. Attic pottery fragments found at hill-forts such as Heuneburg in Germany
and luxury goods such as the monumental 5th century Greek bronze krater (or wine mixing vessel) found at Vix in Burgundy
supply archaeological evidence of this interaction. Organic containers such as leather or wooden wine barrels may also have
travelled north into Europe but have not survived. It is unknown what goods were traded in return, but they may have
included salted meat, hides, timber, amber and slaves.

-----------------------------------------

BLACK DIAMOND

An exotic type of diamond may have come to Earth from outer space, scientists say. Called carbonado or “black” diamonds,
the mysterious stones are found in Brazil and the Central African Republic. They are unusual for being the colour of charcoal
and full of frothy bubbles. The diamonds, which can weigh in at more than 3,600 carats, can also have a face that looks like
melted glass. Because of their odd appearance, the diamonds are unsuitable as gemstones. But they do have industrial
applications and were used in the drill bits that helped dig the Panama Canal. Now a team led by Stephen Haggerty of
Florida International University in Miami has presented a new study suggesting that the odd stones were brought to Earth
by asteroid billions of years ago. The findings were published online in the journal Astrophysical Journal Letters on
December 20. The scientists exposed polished pieces of carbonado to extremely intense infrared light. The test revealed the
presence of much hydrogen -- carbon bonds, indicating that the diamonds probably formed in a hydrogen--rich environment
-- such as that found in space. The diamonds also showed strong similarities to tiny nanodiamonds, which are frequently
found in meteorites. “They're not identical,” Haggerty said, “but they're very similar.” Astrophysicists, he added, have
developed theories predicting that nanodiamonds form easily in the titanic stellar explosions called supernovas, which
scatter debris through interstellar space. The deposits in the Central African Republic and Brazil, he said, probably come
from the impact of diamond-rich asteroid billions of years ago, when South America and Africa were joined.

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RENTING SHIP/SHIP TENANCY

visitors, waters, attack, lives

-----------------------------------------

CIENCE BASED ON OBSERVATION

Science work is mostly based on observation. Science will observe and test it using experiment … if it is correct, then he can
publish his result. Once scientist gather enough data… into … of the way of life.
-----------------------------------------

CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT

………………………………honours of sciences ………..revolutionary approach differs from …………..undergraduate

-----------------------------------------

BEHAVIORISM

…….behaviourist………………personality, experience,…………………stimuli.

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HIMALAYA

Mount Everest called Chomolungma (“goddess mother of the world”) in Tibet and Sagarmatha (“goddess of the sky”) in
Nepal, Mount Everest once went by the pedestrian name of Peak XV among Westerners. That was before surveyors
established that it was the highest mountain on Earth, a fact that came as something of a surprise—Peak XV had seemed
lost in the crowd of other formidable Himalayan peaks, many of which gave the illusion of greater height. In 1852, the Great
Trigonometrical Survey of India measured Everest's elevation as 29,002 feet above sea level. This figure remained the
officially accepted height for more than one hundred years. In 1955, it was adjusted by a mere 26 feet to 29,028 (8,848 m).
The mountain received its official name in 1865 in honour of Sir George Everest, the British Surveyor General from 1830—
1843 who had mapped the Indian subcontinent. He had some reservations about having his name bestowed on the peak,
arguing that the mountain should retain its local appellation, the standard policy of geographical societies.

Before the Survey of India, a number of other mountains ranked supreme in the eyes of the world. In the seventeenth and
eighteenth centuries, the Andean peak Chimborazo was considered the highest. At a relatively unremarkable 20,561 feet
(6,310 m), it is in fact nowhere near the highest, surpassed by about thirty other Andean peaks and several dozen in the
Himalayas. In 1809, the Himalayan peak Dhaulagiri (26,810 ft.; 8,172 m) was declared the ultimate, only to be shunted aside
in 1840 by Kanchenjunga (28,208 ft.; 8,598 m), which today ranks third. Everest's status has been unrivalled for the last
century-and-a half, but not without a few threats.

-----------------------------------------

FOREIGN STUDENTS ENGLISH AT MONASH UNIVERSITY

Federal Education Minister Julie Bishop says she has seen no evidence that foreign students are graduating from Australian
universities with poor English skills.

Research by Monash University academic Bob Birrell has found a third of foreign students are graduating without a
competent level of English. But Ms Bishop says Australian universities only enrol foreign students once they have achieved
international standards of language proficiency. “This has been an extraordinary attack by Professor Birrell on our
universities,” she said. “International students must meet international benchmarks in English language in order to get a
place at a university in Australia and they can't get into university without reaching that international standard.” University
of Canberra vice chancellor Roger Dean also says international students are required to sit an English test before being
admitted to nearly all Australian universities. “There are, of course, intercultural difficulties as well as language difficulties,”
he said. “There are, of course, also many Australian students who don't speak such fantastically good English either.” “So
we're trying to push the standard even higher than present but it's a very useful one already.” Ms Bishop says Australia's
university system has high standards. “I've seen no evidence to suggest that students are not able to complete their courses
because they're failing in English yet they're being passed by the universities,” she said. “I've not seen any evidence to back
that up.” “International education is one of our largest exports, it's our fourth largest export and it's in the interest of our
universities to maintain very high standards because their reputation is at stake.”

-----------------------------------------

Leonard Lauder, chief executive of the company his mother founded, says she always thought she “was growing a nice little
business.” And that it is -- a little business that controls 45% of the cosmetics market in U.S. department stores. A little
business that sells in 118 countries and last year grew to be $3.6 billion big in sales. The Lauder family's shares are worth
more than $6 billion.

But early on, there wasn't a burgeoning business; there weren't houses in New York, Palm Beach, Fla., or the south of
France. It is said that at one point there was one person to answer the telephones who changed her voice to become the
shipping or billing department as needed.

You more or less know the Estée Lauder story because it's a chapter from the book of American business folklore. In short,
Josephine Esther Mentzer, daughter of immigrants, lived above her father's hardware store in Corona, a section of Queens
in New York City. She started her enterprise by selling skin creams concocted by her uncle, a chemist, in beauty shops, beach
clubs and resorts.

No doubt the potions were good -- Estée Lauder was a quality fanatic -- but the saleslady was better. Much better. And she
simply outworked everyone else in the cosmetics industry. She stalked the bosses of New York City department stores until
she got some counter space at Saks Fifth Avenue in 1948. And once in that space, she utilized a personal selling approach
that proved as potent as the promise of her skin regimens and perfumes.

-----------------------------------------

STRESS
Stress is what you feel when you have to handle more than you are used to. When you are stressed, your body responds as
though you are in danger. It makes hormones that speed up your heart, make you breathe faster, and give you a burst of
energy. This is called the fight-or-flight stress response. Some stress is normal and even useful. Stress can help if you need to
work hard or react quickly. For example, it can help you win a race or finish an important job on time. But if stress happens
too often or lasts too long, it can have bad effects. It can be linked to headaches, an upset stomach, back pain, and trouble
sleeping. It can weaken your immune system, making it harder to fight off disease.

-----------------------------------------

ARABIAN MBA

HERIOT-WATT University in Edinburgh has become the first in Europe to offer an MBA in GIC. Arabic students will be able to
sign up to study at a distance for the business courses in their own language. The Edinburgh Business School announced the
project at a reception in Cairo on Saturday. It is hoped the course will links between the university and the Barb business
world. A university spokeswoman said: “The Arabic MBA will raise the profile of Heriot-Watt University and the Edinburgh
Business School among businesses in the Arabic- speaking would and will create a strong network of graduates in the
region.” The first intake of students is expected later this year.
-----------------------------------------

MUSICIAN BACH

Those were his halcyon days, when his music was heard constantly in Venice and his influence blanketed Europe. He spent
much of his time on the road, performing and overseeing productions of his music. In Germany, Bach studied Vivaldi's
scores, copied them for performance and arranged some for other instruments.

-----------------------------------------

One thing is certain. Most people do not get enough exercise in their ordinary routines. All of the advances of modern
technology – from electric can openers to power steering – have made life easier, more comfortable and much less
physically demanding. Yet our bodies need activity, especially if they are carrying around too much fat. Satisfying this need
requires a definite plan, and a commitment.

-----------------------------------------

One thing is certain. Most people do not get enough exercise in their ordinary routines. All of the advances of modern
technology – from electric can openers to power steering – have made life easier, more comfortable and much less
physically demanding. Yet our bodies need activity, especially if they are carrying around too much fat. Satisfying this need
requires a definite plan, and a commitment.

-----------------------------------------

It is tempting to try to prove that good looks win votes, and many academics have tried. The difficulty is that beauty is in the
eye of the beholder, and you cannot behold a politician’s face without a veil of extraneous prejudice getting in the way.
Does George Bush possess a disarming grin, or a facetious smirk? It’s hard to find anyone who can look at the president
without assessing him politically as well as physically.

-----------------------------------------

There were twenty-six freshmen majoring in English at Beijing Language Institute in the class of 1983, I was assigned to
Group Two with another eleven boys and girls who had come from big cities in China. I realized that my classmates were
already all talking in English, simple sentences tossed out to each other in their red-faced introductions and carefree
chatting. But as I stretched to catch the drips and drops of their humming dialogue, I couldn't understand it all, only that it
was English. Those words now flying before me sounded a little familiar. I had read them and tried to speak them, but I had
never heard them spoken back to me in such a speedy, fluent manner. My big plan of beating the city folks was thawing
before my eyes.

-----------------------------------------
WORKS OF HANS CHRISTIAN ANDERSEN

Fans of biographical criticism have a luxurious source in the works of Hans Christian Andersen. Like Lewis Carroll (and, to a
lesser extent, Kenneth Grahame), Andersen was near-pathologically uncomfortable in the company of adults. Of course all
three had to work and interact with adults, but all three really related well to children and their simpler worlds. Andersen,
for a time, ran a puppet theatre and was incredibly popular with children, and, of course, he wrote an impressive body of
fairy tales which have been produced in thousands of editions since the 19th century. Most everyone has read or at least
knows the titles of many of Andersen's works: "The Ugly Duckling," "The Emperor's New Clothes," "The Nightengale," "The
Little Mermaid," "The Match Girl," and many others. Though, as with most folk and fairy tales, they strike adult re-readers
much differently than they do young first-time readers. Charming tales of ducks who feel awkward because they don't fit in,
only to exult in the discovery that they are majestic swans, gives child readers clearly-identifiable messages: don't tease
people because they're different; don't fret about your being different because some day you'll discover what special gifts
you have.

A closer, deeper look at many of Andersen's tales (including "The Ugly Duckling," which is not on our reading list), reveals a
darker, harder, more painful thread. People are often cruel and unfeeling, love is torturous--in general, the things of the
material world cause suffering. There is often a happy ending, but it's not conventionally happy. Characters are rewarded,
but only after they manage (often through death) to transcend the rigors of the mortal world.

-----------------------------------------

THE FALL OF SMALLPOX

The fall of smallpox began with the realization that survivors of the disease were immune for the rest of their lives. This led
to the practice of variolation - a process of exposing a healthy person to infected material from a person with smallpox in
the hopes of producing a mild disease that provided immunity from further infection. The first written account of variolation
describes a Buddhist nun practicing around 1022 to 1063 AD. By the 1700's, this method of variolation was common practice
in China, India, and Turkey. In the late 1700's European physicians used this and other methods of variolation, but reported
"devastating" results in some cases. Overall, 2% to 3% of people who were variolated died of smallpox, but this practice
decreased the total number of smallpox fatalities by 10-fold.

-----------------------------------------

Living in a weightless environment for long periods of time can also result in bone mineral loss and muscle atrophy as well
as dangerous exposure to the sun’s radiation, and it is because of these health hazards that stays on the International Space
Station are restricted to six months.

-----------------------------------------

MONTREAL-BASED INDIE ROCK TRIO

Plants & Animals are a Montreal-based indie rock trio that began playing together as kids. Touring arduously for about five
years after their proper full-length debut in 2008, they pretty much made their records on the go until 2013. So the band’s
decision to be slow, deliberate, and thorough on their latest offering, Waltzed In From The Rumbling, represents a major
change of pace. Finally sleeping in their in own beds while recording, the band assembled the album over the course of nine
seasons. It’s a return to their origins, but it also pushes audaciously forward.

The aesthetic varies wildly and wonderfully from track to track, each song having its own hermetic seal but somehow still
melding cohesively as a body of work. Jangling guitars, drums leaning toward the off-kilter swing of J Dilla, found sounds, a
hint of shoegaze, and unorthodox instrumentation come together to keep the ear constantly engaged with a feeling of
constant evolution. They found an antique guiro next to a broken VCR and recorded both. They made an empty fridge sound
like a timpani drum. They recorded gossip on a city bus. They brought in classical string flourishes. They sometimes left
mistakes if they felt they were perfectly imperfect. It’s truly DIY, but with a feel of big production value that makes the
album soar.

Contemplative lyrics anchor the album through all the exploratory wandering. The words are delivered melodically, belying
their potency, but listening beyond the pretty aesthetic reveals piercing observations and an undeniable translation of
feeling. The simplicity of the penetrating refrain on the three-part mini opus “Je Voulais Te Dire” is a paragon of how the
lyrics effortlessly cut through the instumentation. Guitarist/vocalist Warren Spicer sings “It’s only love, but you want it bad,”
encompassing how we try to avoid and downplay our desire for love and affection, but ultimately search and long for it
anyway.

-----------------------------------------

The dramatic shift of cultural presentation between the Progressive era and the 1990s ... Since 1870, he has pointed out, the
most significant role involved the ... One might now forecast a period in which American folk tradition is geared toward ...
know that Pennsylvanians have retained their woods and their rustic traditions.

-----------------------------------------

MASSAGE

massage, knots, muscle, blood pressure

-----------------------------------------

TWIN

………..puzzle, ……………………..raise………………….(twins)………………………………interpret………………

-----------------------------------------

WILLIAM SHAKESPARE

For all his fame and celebration, William Shakespeare remains a mysterious figure with regards to personal history. There
are just two primary sources for information on the Bard: his works, and various legal and church documents that have
survived from Elizabethan times. Naturally, there are many gaps in this body of information, which tells us little about
Shakespeare the man.

-----------------------------------------

JEAN PIAGET, THE PHILOSOPHER

Jean Piaget, the pioneering Swiss philosopher and psychologist, spent much of his professional life listening to children,
watching children and poring over the reports of researchers around the world who were doing the same. He found, to put
it most succinctly, that children don’t think like grownups. After thousands of interactions with young people often barely
old enough to talk, Piaget began to suspect that behind their cute and seemingly illogical utterances were thought processes
that had their own kind of order and their own special logic.

Einstein called it a discovery "so simple that only a genius could have thought of it." Piaget's insight opened a new window
into the inner workings of the mind. By the end of a wide ranging and remarkably prolific research career that spanned
nearly 75 years from his first scientific publication at age 10 to work still in progress when he died at 84
-----------------------------------------

ONLINE BUSINESS MEETING

……online meeting………………conduct a meeting

-----------------------------------------

Genetically modified foods provide no direct benefit to consumers; the food is not noticeably better or cheaper. The greater
benefit, proponents argue, is that genetic engineering will play a crucial role in feeding the world’s burgeoning population.
Opponents disagree, asserting that the world already grows more food per person than ever before – more, even, than we
can consume.

-----------------------------------------

In the last years of the wheat boom, Bennett had become increasingly frustrated at how the government seemed to be
encouraging an exploitative farming binge. He went directly after the Department of Agriculture for misleading people.
Farmers on the Great Plains were working against nature, he thundered in speeches.

-----------------------------------------
The principal recommendation of the world conferences was that countries must take full responsibility for their own
development. National responsibility for national development is the necessary consequence of sovereignty. The Monterrey
Consensus states that ‘Each country has primary responsibility for its own economic and social development, and the role of
national policies and development strategies cannot be overemphasised.’ The Johannesburg Plan of Implementation called
for all governments to begin implementing national sustainable development strategies (NSDS) by 2005 and the 2005
Summit agreed on a target of 2006 for all developing countries to adopt and start implementation of these strategies to
achieve the internationally agreed goals. The automatic corollary of that principle is that each country must be free to
determine its own development strategy. It is essential that all donors and lenders accept the principle of country ownership
of national development strategies. This implies the acceptance of the principle that development strategies should not only
be attuned to country circumstances, but also be prepared and implemented under the leadership of the governments of
the countries themselves. The 2005 World Summit also acknowledged, in this regard, that all countries must recognise the
need for developing countries to strike a balance between their national policy priorities and their international
commitments.

-----------------------------------------

Over the past ten years Australian overseas departures have grown from 1.7 million to 3.2 million. This represents strong
average, annual growth of 6.5 per cent. This paper analyses outbound travel demand to each destination country using the
travel demand models of short-term resident departures. The models are specified in terms of a double logarithmic linear
functional form, with overseas departures as the dependent variable and real household disposable income prices of travel
and accommodation in Australia, and overseas and the exchange rate as independent variables.

The models were estimated using historical time series data from 1973 to 1998. The data were obtained from several
sources such as the World Tourism Organisation, Australian Bureau of Statistics, World Bank and International Monetary
Fund. The results suggest that the estimated elasticity parameters are consistent with standard economic theory. The
number of short-term resident departures is positively influenced by per capita real household disposable income; and the
price of domestic travel and accommodation, and negatively influenced by the price of travel and accommodation overseas.
The estimated demand models were used to develop the Tourism Forecasting Council’s long run forecasts. The forecasts
suggest that the number of short-term resident departures will increase strongly over the next ten years, largely due to the
strength of the Australian economy, competitive travel prices, and Australians’ interest in experiencing different cultures
and lifestyles.

-----------------------------------------

Thea Proctor was just sixteen when her entry at the Bowral Art Competition caught the eye of the judge, Arthur Streeton. It
was the first of many associations with art world recruits. The next year saw her at the Julian Ashton Art School in the
illustrious company of Elioth Gruner, Sydney Long and George Lambert, for whom she often posed and remained her great
friend until his death in 1930.

Lambert’s paintings and sketches of Proctor emphasise the elegance of her dress. A keen interest in fashion was just one
aspect of her fascination with design, and she saw herself as an early style guru on a quest to rid Australian art of “its lack of
imagination and inventive design”. Skilled in watercolours and drawings, Proctor did not limit herself to paper, canvases or
to her popular magazine illustrations; she designed theatre sets and a restaurant interior and wrote on a range of subjects
from flower arranging to the colours of cars. It made for a busy and varied life but, as she said, she was not the sort of
person “who could sit at home and knit socks.”

-----------------------------------------

The conducted study serves three objectives. The first objective is to reveal the values loaded to the child by the child-
centric mother’s attitude and the effect of 5-6 year old nursery school children on the purchasing decision of families who
belong to a high socio- economic class. The second objective is to develop a child centricity scale and the third object is to
examine the attitude and behaviour differences between low childcentric and high child-centric mothers. Analysing the data
gathered from 257 mother respondents, the researchers have found that the lowest influence of the child upon the
purchasing decisions of the family are those which carry high purchasing risk and are used by the whole family, whereas the
highest influence of the child upon the purchasing decision of the family are the products with low risk used by the whole
family. Findings also reveal that there are statistically significant differences between the high childcentric and low child-
centric mothers regarding purchasing products that are highly risky and used by the whole family.
 -----------------------------------------

There isn’t a financial director around who wouldn’t like to accelerate cash flow by reducing debtor days - in other words,
get customers to pay up faster. In Europe’s top 1,000 quoted companies, nearly one quarter of all invoices are unpaid at any
point in time, according to recent research carried out by the ASF organisation. This means they are sitting on a total of
274bn overdue debt. Most of this is caused by poor collection practices. According to Jan Porter, ASF’s Managing Director,
“You can set up all the systems you want, you can insist on water light contracts and payment terms, the government can
even introduce late payment legislation, but there are always some debtors who fail to pay on time. Once a payment is
overdue, your first step is to talk to your debtor. You should let them know the payment is late and try to find out if there is
a dispute about the work, or if your debtor has financial problems. This is OK, but Tim Vainio, a chartered accountant,
believes that too many companies are afraid of losing a relationship, and that, before undertaking any action; the focus
should be on recovering as much money as possible, rather than on preserving a relationship.

-----------------------------------------

In the 250 years of its active evolution, Funerary Violin moved from the formal to the personal. It is clear from the earliest
accounts of the form that its role during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries was largely heraldic, to exemplify the
continuity of the social structure. The few works that have survived from this period are often surprisingly unemotional and
at times overtly grandiose.

-----------------------------------------

In the fast-changing word of modern healthcare, the job of a doctor is more and more like the job of chief executive. The
people who run hospitals and physicians’’ practices don’t just need to know medicine. They must also be able to balance
budgets, motivates a large and diverse staff and make difficult marketing and legal decisions.

-----------------------------------------

Researchers already know that spending long periods of time in a zero-gravity environment — such as that inside the
International Space Station (ISS) — results in loss of bone density and damage to the body's muscles. That's partly why stays
aboard the ISS are capped at six months. And now, a number of NASA astronauts are reporting that their 20/20 vision faded
after spending time in space, with many needing glasses once they returned to Earth.

-----------------------------------------

The inevitable consequences include rampant corruption, an absence of globally competitive Chinese companies, chronic
waste of resources, rampant environmental degradation and soaring inequality. Above all, the monopoly over power of an
ideologically bankrupt communist party is inconsistent with the pluralism of opinion, security of property and vibrant
competition on which a dynamic economy depends. As a result, Chinese development remains parasitic on know-how and
institutions developed elsewhere.
-----------------------------------------

…………….inflation pressure,.......buyer.....assets.

-----------------------------------------

...........equally important..................to identify the cause.

-----------------------------------------

European tales, vivid, portrait

-----------------------------------------

...........space travel.............heartbeat, pilots, tourism

-----------------------------------------

.............apologised, ferry

-----------------------------------------
 About how to dress formally . prospective manager .

High protein diet related to fat. presented the same amount of fat . high protein diet. these supplements should be
prepared with vitamins and minerals,

Related to maths: punch line you can learn maths after you leave school. Greek

There are two ways assess leadership, Assess leadership by profit, or assess the leadership by decision-making

MCQ
The correct answer is: multi and mono the island is only the overall number of differences, the size of the classroom and the
number of tables and chairs is almost the same. Although multi grade is in a class, the educational level of this archipelago is
still better than that of developing countries

Turks island education

Suggestive, fleeting, realistic, perusable

What is the subject the lecture related to? Probably medicine

MCSA
Aboriginal game, (interview), ask the most important thing is what?
Answer: you can continue their history and identity and culture.

A man and a woman's dialogue, the man is a British accent, said a word timetable, the female is the Americans do not
understand, ask is not the meaning of the schedule, the man explained to him, and finally has been complaining about some
of the curriculum Too early, some too late
Answer: There is a term they do not understand at first, and later explained clearly, and then the man has been complaining
about his schedule.

Female leadership (more female in leadership tend to generate more profits)

Photography ( reveal hidden reality)
A boy and girl dialogue, the boy selected science course, the girl selected the other, the boy complained that the curriculum is
too slow, the girl made a comment, Q: girls want to express the meaning.

Students submit the job. There is no plagiarism statement in that article. But the problem into the operation of the order.
The behavior of animals are in the biological instincts, only people can plan their own life

MCMA
Education and health is over 50% ( language, dental)
Female students write essay, instructors to add her (copy of resource, essay essay)
ElNino, Hurricane

Students mentioned some issues why they want to vacate or change the hostel in that conversion.
Question was what are the reasons mentioned by the students
Noise from neighbor, internet down….

1. young people voted low

2. employees sent overseas to have any questions, how should the enterprise.
Listening
Summary Spoken Text – multiple sentences – 50 to 70 words
DNA&RNA
Typhoid Mary – Mary Mallon
Mr. Green – Amory Lovins
Chocolate (cocoa)
Sound receptor
Government trick – policy making - rule book throw by govt
Human creativity - 3P (People, Process—key and Product)
Robots
Globalization
Interview with lady author: Fiction - Non-fiction - the secret life of bees
Make errors
Talent war
Peasants in India
Diaspora consciousness
Laughing
Animals, water, temperature tolerance

International law and climate change

English is Latin
Listen to a multi-election, a woman consulting MBA courses, selected before the company than now, now only one job

Financial consultant - women unable to pay her student loan

Environmental law - Adam Smith theory

Relationship between agriculture and urbanization

Reducing - Government power - Democratic Party and Republican Party – federal level – state level
The lecture first stated the need to modify government powers. Then it followed by addressing the different opinions holding
by the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. While the Democratic Party claims that government should hold the big
power and entitlements, the republicans believe government should share its powers with the states and people.

Stanford university conference

Academic competition
Student dept-43 old woman

Vitamin D
Vitamin D refers to a group of fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for enhancing intestinal absorption of calcium, iron,
magnesium, phosphate, and zinc. In humans, the most important compounds in this group are vitamin D3 (also known as
cholecalciferol) and vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol). Cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol can be ingested from the diet and from
supplements. Very few foods contain vitamin D; synthesis of vitamin D (specifically cholecalciferol) in the skin is the major
natural source of the vitamin. Dermal synthesis of vitamin D from cholesterol is dependent on sun exposure (specifically UVB
radiation).
Vitamin D from the diet or dermal synthesis from sunlight is biologically inactive; activation requires enzymatic conversion
(hydroxylation) in the liver and kidney. Evidence indicates the synthesis of vitamin D from sun exposure is regulated by a
negative feedback loop that prevents toxicity, but because of uncertainty about the cancer risk from sunlight, no
recommendations are issued by the Institute of Medicine (US) for the amount of sun exposure required to meet vitamin D
requirements. Accordingly, the Dietary Reference Intake for vitamin D assumes no synthesis occurs and all of a person's
vitamin D is from food intake, although that will rarely occur in practice. As vitamin D is synthesized in adequate amounts by
most mammals exposed to sunlight[citation needed], it is not strictly a vitamin, and may be considered a hormone as its
synthesis and activity occur in different locations. Vitamin D has a significant role in calcium homeostasis and metabolism. Its
discovery was due to effort to find the dietary substance lacking in rickets (the childhood form of osteomalacia).
Beyond its use to prevent osteomalacia or rickets, the evidence for other health effects of vitamin D supplementation in the
general population is inconsistent. The effect of vitamin D supplementation on mortality is not clear, with one meta-analysis
finding a decrease in mortality in elderly people, and another concluding no clear justification exists for recommending
vitamin D.
In the liver, cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) is converted to calcidiol, which is also known as calcifediol (INN), 25-
hydroxycholecalciferol (aka 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 — abbreviated 25(OH)D3). Ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) is converted in the
liver to 25-hydroxyergocalciferol (aka 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 — abbreviated 25(OH)D2). These two specific vitamin D
metabolites are measured in serum to determine a person's vitamin D status. Part of the calcidiol is converted by the kidneys
to calcitriol, the biologically active form of vitamin D. Calcitriol circulates as a hormone in the blood, regulating the
concentration of calcium and phosphate in the bloodstream and promoting the healthy growth and remodeling of bone.
Calcitriol also affects neuromuscular and immune function.

A general prescription of pharmaceuticals and the impact of market behavior on patients.

Select missing word

1. A person said that before someone to his school lectures said the expectations of the future, said TV will change a lot, the
program can choose their own rather than television, and later that people did not realize that, and then asked the question
Talking about this experience is to express what affection, I chose sarcastic

2. Speaking of a tourist attraction, said a bunch of the last beep soon before the green, I had to choose jungle

misleading

MCMA
A group of people discuss mosquitoes.
Answer selection
1. female mosquitoes bite
2. different areas of the mosquito bite things different reaction

Prior to 508 BC, ……Which of the following is true? Dictator governed the city

MCSA
Before, the restaurant concerned about the environment, so there were recyclable garbage cans. Now, no concern.
Choose: the restaurant is not so concerned about the environment

For 1 question, right answer is: tide formation is the main reason.
For 1 question, right answer is: the water consumption by people which is for changing the temparatures of body.

University and high school writing is different

baby's attention

FIB
One problem is concerned about the Intel chips are smaller and, can compile (translates) a lot of things

There is a speaking company, self-assessment, 360 read a comprehensive assessment, there are internal assessment and
external, contribute to promotion or pay decision

Cooperate, widening, decent, wings

Viking

Declined, salty/salted, trading/creeding,depression,

phenomenon,structure, technician, identified

Highlight correct summary

A man or a woman to talk about a course or lecture, the man did not go (the reason did not hear, but the options are not the
same for various reasons), the woman went, but also a note that this course is good.

[Lady speaks in low voice] Till now global temperature is not a big issue, But from now on to future, there is a problem,
Europe becomes very colder, Sea level rise.

[Male voice] Network, interconnected computer evolution, transfer file-FTP, World Wide Web , email, similar topic discussion
group formed in email as news group.

North and South America: South mainly produces crops, tobacco, rice and the like, but the rapid development of the north,
the French textile industry and then export it abroad.

Word from Dictation

Most of the theories are similar, but a few critics disagree.
Most of the theories were similar, but a few critics disagreed.
The first assignment will be due on the 14th of September.
Your thesis should have a fairly limited scope.
The thesis should have a limited scope.
Competition for the places on this/in course is fierce.
Despite the protest, the chemistry department was closed down.
The importance of this event was not fully understood.
The election for president is held once every four years.
Tribes work together to build monolithic statues.
Tribes work with each other to build a monolithic statue.
The curriculum is described in your course syllabus.
Please remember to bring highlighter to class on next Wednesday.
Leading companies changed /have changed their policies after reports were released.
The leading companies changed their policies after their report(s) was/were released.
This graph shows there is a minimum growth.
Relevant resources are reserved in the library.
The main concept(s) of/in this thesis were not new.
The dining hall will undergo renovation during the fall break.
The dining hall will be under renovation during the fall break.
Today’s lecture materials will be included in the next assessment.
We support on the research [on problems] related to tropical (cyclone) dynamics and forecasting.
There was no correlation between (the) drug use and (the) cure rate.
The University Library has most of the necessary books.
Avoid confusing causes and effects of those changes.
The history of movement was recorded by several writers.
Experts believe that industry development will help economy.
The same issue reached still the same explanation of the problem.
The same reached the same explanation of the problem.
This schedule allows a lot/plenty of time for independent study.
This schedule would allow plenty of time on independent study.
Conferences will always be scheduled two weeks in advance.
Resource material is held at the library reference desk.
The scientists here study a wide variety of atmosphere process.
Our group is going to meet tomorrow in the library conference room.
Our group is meeting tomorrow morning in the library conference room.
The slide shows that there has been a minimal growth
The coffee house has special student discount throughout the week.
Interim grades will be posted on the board outside the student's lounge.
Interim grades will be posted outside the student lounge.
The qualification will be assessed with the criterion to approach.
The qualification will be assessed with the criterion reference to approach.
Politics is usually not a safe topic of conversation.
The toughest part of research for postgraduate students is funding.
Some/Most of the features are part of the previous system.
Student's/Student identification cards will be issued by today or/and tomorrow.
There were not enough evidences to support these recommendations.
There is not enough evidence to support these recommendations.
This was not enough evidence to support this recommendation.

Observers waited nervously and held the breath for the concert.
Observers waited nervously and took a breath for the concert.
Our class is meeting tomorrow in the library conference room.
Our group is going to meet tomorrow in the library conference room.
Reference materials are held on the library reference desk.
The relative humidity is the amount of moisture that air can hold.
This schedule allows a plenty of time for independent study.