Hematologie
Hematii (GR, eritrocite) = 4 – 5,5 milioane/mm3
Leucocite (GA) = 4.000 - 10.000 /mm3
Formula leucocitara:
Limfocite = 1000 - 3500 (15 - 35%)
Monocite = 0 – 800
PMN: Bazofile = 0 - 200 (0 - 2%);
Eozinofile = 0 - 700 (0 - 7%);
Neutrofile = 2000 - 6000 (< 60%)
Reticulocite = 25.000 - 75.000
Haptoglobina = 50 - 220 mg/dl
Ht = Femei (36 - 47 %); Barbati (40 - 54 %)
Hb = Femei (12 - 15 g/dl); Barbati (14 - 17 g/dl)
Fibrinogen = 0,2 - 0,4 g/dl
Timp sangerare: < 1,6 min
Timp quick: < 1 sec fata de martor
APTT (activated partial tromboplastin time): 25-40 sec
INR (international normalised ratio): 0,8-12
Timp coagulare 4 - 8 minute
PDF: 0,5 - 5 μg/ml (<10)
VSH: 3 - 8 mm/h
Ionograma
Na: 135 - 145 mEq/L
K: 3,5 - 5,5 mEq/L
Ca: 4,5 - 5,5 mg/100 Calciu ionic: 1.16-1,32 mmol/L
Fe seric: 60-160 μg %
Feritina: 8-120 ng/ml
Mg: 1,5 - 2,5 mEq/L
P: 1 - 1,5 mEq/L
Cl: 95 - 110 mEq/L
RA (HCO3): 24 - 27 mEq/L
Biochimie
Glicemia: 60 - 110 mg/dl
TGO: 0 - 37 U/l
TGP: 0 - 43 U/l
GGT: 11 - 50 U/l
FA: 53 - 128 U/l
Fe seric: 9 - 27 micro moli/l
Feritina: 8 - 120 ng/ml
Proteine: 65 - 85g/l
Albubina: 35 - 55g/l
Bilirubina totala: 0,1 - 1,1 mg/dl
Bilirubina directa: 0,1 - 0,3 mg/dl
Bilirubina indirect: 0,2 - 0,7mg/dl
Colesterol: 120 - 200 mg/dl
HDL: 40 - 65mg/dl
LDL: < 130mg/dl
Trigliceride: 40 - 160 mg/dl
LDH: 225 - 450 U/l
Amilaza: 0 - 80 U/l
CK: 25 - 200 U/l
CK-MB: 0 - 24 U/l
Acid uric: 3 - 8 mg/dl
Functia renala
Uree: 10 - 50 mg/dl
Creatininia: 0,6 - 1,2 mg/dl
Clearance creatinic (ml/min/1,73 m2) = Creatinina urinara (mg/dl) * Volum urinar (ml) / Creatinina serica
(mg/dl) * Timpl de colectare (1440- min in 24h)
Cockroft-Gault:
Clearance creatinic= [ (140 - Varsta) * Greutatea (Kg) / 72 * Creatinina serica (mg/dl) ] * 0,85 la Femei
Valori normale: Femei (75-115 ml/min); Barbati (100-150 ml/min)
RAPORT UREE/CREATININA (30/1) Crescut → IRA functionala, stare hipercatabolica
Imunologie
Ac anti-AND dc: < 40 U/ml
Ac anti-cardiolipinici ACL: < 20 U/ml
C-ANCA: < 15 U/ml
P-ANCA:< 15 U/ml
Ac anti- SM: < 15 U/ml
Ac anti-MBG: < 15 U/ml
CiC: < 16 microEq uiv/ml
ASLO: < 200 U/ml
Factorul rheumatoid: < 25 U/ml
C3: 90 - 210 mg/dl
C4: 10 - 40 mg/dl
IgA: 70 - 400 mg/dl
IgG: 700 - 1600 mg/dl
IgM: 90 - 210 mg/dl
Urina
Examen sumar de urina (semicantitativ):
Diureza: 1,5 - 2,8 l/24h
Na/24h: 100 - 200 mmoli
K/24h:30 - 100 mmoli
Uree: 20 - 30g
Densitate urinara: 1015 - 1020
Osmolariate = 600 – 800 mOsm/24h
Creatinina: 600 - 1200 mg(7-15mg/kg/zi)
pH: 5 - 7
acid uric/24h: 400 - 1200 mg (2,4 - 7,2mmoli)
P: 15 - 30 mmoli
Ca: Barbati (5 - 8 mmoli); Femei (4 - 6 mmoli)
Glucoza: 0
Proteine: urme, 1+/1 - 10 mg/dl, 2+/15 - 30 mg/dl, 3+/150 - 350 mg/dl, 4+/ > 500 mg/dl
Osm (calc) = 2 x (conc sodiu in mEq/L) + (conc glucoza in mg/dl) / 18 + (ureea in mg/dl) / 6
Valori normale = 290 +/- 5 mOsmol/kg apă
G.Osm. = Osm. (măsurată) – Osm. (calculată) >10 mOsm/L → subst exogena
Gaura Anionica = cationi (Na + K) – anioni (Cl + HCO3); Normal = 12 +/- 4 mEq/L
GAURA ANIONICA URINARA: GAU = Naurinar + Kurinar - Clurinar