‘’Education is the most powerful idea which you can use to change the

world(Nelson Mandela).’’
Pakistan is among one of those countries where the quality of education
has always been a conundrum. If this statement is put in numbers,
ASER report of 2018 mentions that in Sindh, 47% of grade 5 students
cannot read a story in Urdu (of grade 2), 75% cannot read sentences in
English (of grade 2), and 68% cannot solve simple two-digit division
t focuses more on rote memorization rather than acquiring concepts and
does not comply with the universal education system. Often children
consider their studies troublesome and take them seriously only at the
time of their exams, which results in the restoration of topics and
concepts for a shorter period of time. What can be done to motivate
students, to keep their interest intact when they learn concepts like
organic chemistry or algorithm or maybe a simple division sum
Since Pakistan came into being, we have no durable education policy.
Education gives the initiative to avert illiteracy into the sensible
atmosphere and to cover uncovered things. 
time-wasting education committees did nothing except to agonise
teachers. A teacher who works in an educational institution knows better
about the psyche of students, all ins and outs about the syllabus.
Unfortunately, inspection teams just visit for a short time to fulfil the
purpose of monitoring. Monitoring force of province checks attendance
of teachers, students and takes LND tests of class three in Punjab
Schools. All instructions are just issued for teachers to maintain 100%
enrollment,100% results but nothing policy or instructions devised for
parents. Most of the parents in rural areas do not send their children to
schools.
The Aristocratic class in our country admit their children in private
schools, so all the attention of these peoples is paid to private schools,
not to the government sector. This is the main factor responsible for big
hindrance in the way of Public-Centered Education Policy.
 some skilled teachers should be selected in an advisory block of
Education Secretariat for a touchable suggestion for empowered
education policy. Education Secretariat should be fully autonomous with
a team of determined educationists from primary to university level for a
better cure of the education system.No doubt, this will help the nation to
come out from the analgesia and hurl-burly meetings of the educational
system. Teachers should be facilitated in all provinces according to their
needs because no nation can flourish without our teachers. 

BALOCHISTAN
Particularly education is one of the biggest problem in Balochistan. The
overall literacy rate of Balochistan is 46 percent. Quit of 3.6million ,only
1.3million children go to school and 2.3million remaining children are
out of school. As there are 36% of schools deprived from water, 56%
schools have no electricity and 15% of schools have turned into ghost
schools. This show that the government has totally ignored education in
the province. Moreover, colleges, universities and schools are the places
where students can create a reading environment. But the presence of
ghost teachers has destroyed much of the schools. In the province 50%
people live under poverty line which compel the parents to send their
children to labour instead of sending them to schools. These children are
neglected and face multiple problems in seeking education. There are
many factors for the backwardness of education in the province.
Neglected of course books, libraries and trained teachers etc are lacked
in the province.  
According to (MDTF) the existent of rural literacy rate is 35%. Almost
2.5million children are school less. And 50,000 are out of school.  n
2013, 64% of rural female population never went to school. 75% of girls
are out of school between the age of 5 to 16. The overall female literacy
rate in the province is 26% and male is 37%. Consequently, 25%
females have ever been to school compared to 60% males. It is painful
to mention that when they pass their metric so they are forced to leave
the education. And mostly the victim of child marriage which never let
to get education.  
According to a report, 84% of students are getting education in
governmental schools while 16% in private institutions. But still the
students are ignored in governmental sectors where no any basic
facilities are available. 
As Punjab literacy rate is 59% , Sindh 56% and 49% in KP. According
to UNO, at least 4.5% of budget should be spent on education while the
country spend 2.2% of budget. The governmental of Balochistan is
requested to show seriousness toward the education in Balochistan and
make the education better so that the youth should read.

1 DRAWBACKS
1.1 Unable to catch the interest of students
The key problem is that we seem to be in a hurry to teach a child everything we
want her to learn from an early age — the preschool and primary level when
her mind and body are not even ready for it. This makes the start of the
education journey a dull and monotonous exercise for the child. 
1.2 Focus of syllabus is quantity not quality
One of the major drawbacks of our education system is its bulky
syllabus which is shifted to students’ shoulders without any reduction.
No matter how irrelevant the books are and how inappropriate is the way
of teaching, but they want students to memorize all the stuff 
1.3 Lack of career planning in students
Majority of the students in our country don’t know their interest and
choose their field of study as per their parents’ wish or how their friends
do. Many people fail to discover their talent throughout the life by
choosing wrong field of education and they just have to regret when they
have made their career in the wrong direction which does not give them
any sort of happiness.
1.4 Increased demand of tuition
After spending half of the day in school, the child is sent to the tuition
where he has to study further thus gets no time for activities like playing,
fun, entertainment and amusement. The students are getting very busy in
their studies that their childhood and adult age is full of books more than
anything else.
1.5 Inexpert teachers
The teachers nowadays are not professional, they teach not to convey
information but just to get paid. Regardless of the fact that they are
appointed to teach and make the students gain knowledge, they just try
to complete the syllabus anyhow,  it’s just like they are teaching because
they fail to get employed anywhere else.
In the banking concept of education, knowledge is the gift bestowed by
those who consider themselves knowledgeable upon those whom they
consider to know nothing, projecting an absolute dominance on to others
which is a characteristic of the ideology of oppression. The teacher, by
considering the students’ ignorance as absolute, justifies his own
existence. The students, alienated like the slave in the Hegelian dialectic,
accept their ignorance but unlike the slave, they never discover that they
also educate the teacher. 
(how should he teach?
The education should be provided through “problem posing”, a method
in which a teacher poses a problem in front of the students. Then the
teacher and students do brain storming and dialogue which leads them
towards the conclusion. 

1.6 Conduction of exams is no less than a joke

Conduction of exams is yet another issue! Board exams from class 9th to
second year are not organized sincerely. Many of the examination
centers are arranged in such a way that students can cheat very easily,
not only this but in some cases the invigilators are also indulged in this
exploitation.
1.7 Corrupt educational organizations
The problem is not only limited to examinations but also to the
execution of results. Due to the corruption in examination systems, even
students’ marks have got a cost. The grades and marks and even
positions are being sold just for the sake of a few thousands or lacs. A
hardworking students’ career has no value in front of a rich student’s
money or source.
1.8 No maintenance of government educational institutes
This is something of guilt that the government schools and colleges are
so useless that even people of lower classes try to admit their children in
private schools. Huge buildings but poor quality of education and
insincere staff is the fate of most of the government institutions. They
fail to provide the facilities to students that are available in private
institutes.
1.9 Unaffordable fee structure
Inflation in the sector of education is the most important issue that needs
to be considered. There is a high fluctuation in the fee of good and
average quality schools. People belonging to middle class cannot afford
to send their children to a school that offers quality education due to its
high fee. Moreover, the schools are now taking the fees of June and July
in advance which adds to the problems of parents
Women education
Among 149 million Pakistanis, unsurprisingly, of the illiterate
population in Pakistan, 41% are males and 65% are females. There is no
denying the fact that female literacy ratio, particularly amongst rural
women, is the lowest in the world and educational attainment of girls is
far below that of boys. Women barred from school to fulfill their
domestic duties is an atrocity of its own.

2 Measures adopted by gov to solve the problems

2.1  Single National Curriculum (SNC)
to reduce and/or remove class distinctions in Pakistan
2.1.1 Critical analysis of SNC
Differences in child achievement and progress are determined by many factors
including household income and home environment, ability-related
factors, school environment, quality of teachers and teaching,
books, assessments and others. The curriculum is a small part of
the equation. To put pressure on a small variable to deliver a very large
result seems counterintuitive. But it might be that the state feels that it cannot
do much in other areas and has more control over curriculum and so is trying
to do what it can.

The problem is that using the curriculum to reduce inequity, when other
variables are not being looked at, can have many other and some unintended
consequences too