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Pharmaceutics: Part 2: fundamental concepts - những khái niệm cơ bản. Pharmaceutical product

The document discusses fundamental concepts in pharmaceutical sciences. It defines a pharmaceutical product as a special product intended for human or veterinary use that must meet quality, safety, and efficacy standards. A drug is broadly defined as any substance used for diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of disease, whether synthetic, semi-synthetic, or natural. Drugs work by altering existing physiological or biochemical processes in the body. An ideal drug is described as having the desired pharmacological action without side effects, reaching its intended location at the right concentration and time, remaining at the site of action as needed, and being completely removed when no longer needed.

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423 views2 pages

Pharmaceutics: Part 2: fundamental concepts - những khái niệm cơ bản. Pharmaceutical product

The document discusses fundamental concepts in pharmaceutical sciences. It defines a pharmaceutical product as a special product intended for human or veterinary use that must meet quality, safety, and efficacy standards. A drug is broadly defined as any substance used for diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of disease, whether synthetic, semi-synthetic, or natural. Drugs work by altering existing physiological or biochemical processes in the body. An ideal drug is described as having the desired pharmacological action without side effects, reaching its intended location at the right concentration and time, remaining at the site of action as needed, and being completely removed when no longer needed.

Uploaded by

Nguyễn Hà
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Unit 1 : Pharmaceutical sciences – dược học

Part 1: Introduction

The pharmaceutical sciences are a group of interdisciplinary areas of study that deal with the design,
action delivery, dispostiton, and use of drug.

This field drawns on many areas of the basic and applied sciences, such as
chemistry( organic/inorganic, physical, and analytical), biology (anatomy and physiology, molecular
and cell biology), mathematics, physics, and chemical engineering and applies their principles to the
study of drugs.

The pharmmaceutical sciences may be further subdivided into several specialties, for example:

Pharmaceutics(bào chế): study and design of drug formulation for optimum(tối ưu) delivery,
stability, pharmacokinetics( dược động học), and patient acceptance.

Pharmacology (dược lý) : study of the biochemical( hóa sinh) and physiological (sinh lý) ecffects of
drugs on organisms.

Pharmacodynamics( dược lực học): study of the cellular and molercular interaction of drugs with
their targets.

Pharmacokinetics(dược động học) : study of factors that control the concentration-time relationship
of drugs at various sites in the body.

Medicinal chemistry(hóa dược): study of drug design to optimize pharmacokinetics and


pharmacodynamics, and synthesis of new drugs.

Pharmacogenomics( gen dược): study of the influence(ảnh hưởng) of genetic variation(biến đổi) on
drug response(đáp ứng) in patients.

Pharmaceutical toxicology: study of the harmful or toxic effects of drugs

As new discoverys advance and extend the pharmaceutical sciences, subspecialties

( chuyên ngành) continue to be added to this list. At the same time, boundaries( ranh giới) between
these specialty areas of pharmaceutical sciences are beginning to blur … many fundamental( cơ bản)
concepts are common to all pharmaceutical sciences

In this unit, we will focus on these shared concepts to understand their applicability to all aspects of
pharmaceutical research and drug therapy( trị liệu)

Part 2: fundamental concepts – những khái niệm cơ bản.

Pharmaceutical product

A pharmaceutical product is a special product. It is intended (chỉ định,có ý định) for human use or as
veterinary products administered to food-producing animals, presented( trình bày) in its finish
dosage form or as a straring material for use in such a dosage form, that is subject to control by
pharmaceutical legislation( luật dược) in both the exporting( xuất khẩu) state and the
importing( nhập khẩu) state.

Any medicinal products for the prophylaxis( phòng bệnh) or management( kiểm soát) of diseases
that bring about the purpose of affecting body physiological function require three criterions:
 Quality
 Safety
 Efficacy

DRUG

Broadly( nói chung ), a drug is any subtance used in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of a
disease. It may be a synthetic, semi-synthetic, or naturally occurring( xảy ra , gặp , tìm thấy)
compound or mixture of compounds.

Most drug interaction with a part of the body to alter an existing physiological or biochemical
process. A drug can either decrease or increase an existing function of an organ, tissue( mô) , or cell,
but can not impart ( tạo ra) a new function to them. For example, drugs are available , to decrease
blood pressure decrease acid formation in the stomach, increase urine production and increase bone
density.

Some therapies such vaccines and gene therapies, are not drugs in the traditional sense but are also
used in management of diseases. An ideal drug is the one that :

Has a desirable pharmacological action

Has no side effects

Reaches its intended location in the right concentration at the right time

Remains at the site of action for the necessary period of time

Is rapidly and completely removed from the body when no longer needed

All these goal cannot be achieved fully when developing a new drug, but need to be considered and
optimized during the reseach and development process. The success of a new drug denpends on
how close it comes to meeting these objectives.

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