Articles 1-36 PRELIMINARY TITLE
PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS LAW
(Melencio S. Sta. Maria)
Myla Olan
•
Aug 17
Due Aug 28
CASES: I. For Articles 1-18, read ALL the cases listed in the given course syllabus. II.
For Articles 19-21, read the following cases: 1. Albenson Enterprises Corp. v. Court
of Appeals, 217 SCRA 16 2. Gashem Shookat Baksh v. CA, 219 SCRA 115, 19
February 1993 3. Constantino v. Mendez, 209 SCRA 18, 14 May 1992 4. Republic v.
Ballocanog, G.R. No. 163794, 28 November 2008, 572 SCRA 436 5. De Lima v.
Laguna Tayabas Company 160 SCRA 70, 15 April 1988 6. RCPI v. Verchez, G.R.
No. 164349, 31 January 2006 7. Hing v. Choachuy, G.R. No. 179736, 26 June 2013
8. Ledesma v. Court of Appeals, 160 SCRA 449, 15 April 1988 9. Marcia v. Court of
Appeals, 120 SCRA 200, 27 January 1983 10. Benitez v. Concepcion, 2 SCRA 148,
11. Landicho v. Relova, 22 SCRA 731, 23 February 1968 III. Be ready for a short
quiz.
Good day! I have already posted the assignment for our first meeting on August 28. Be ready for a short
quiz and a graded recitation thereafter. Good luck! Happy reading (and comprehending)!
Persons & Family Relations
Course Syllabus
Judge Myla M. Villavicencio-Olan
Course Description:
Persons and Family Relations is a (4) four unit course and a bar subject. It covers the
preliminary titles of the Civil Code, the Family Code as well as supplementary laws on
marriage, children and the family.
Main References:
1) Melencio S. Sta. Maria, Persons and Family Relations Law
2) Pineda, Persons and Family Relations
3) A. Tolentino, Civil Code of the Philippines-Commentaries and Jurisprudence
4) A. Sempio-Dy, Handbook on the Family Code of the Philippines (Cases and
Comments)
5) New Civil Code of the Philippines (NCC), Articles 1-51; Articles 254-257; 305- 310;
356-396; 407-413 (Republic Act No. 386)
6) Family Code of the Philippines (FC) (Executive Order 209)
Supplementary Materials:
Marriage Law (Act 3613)
Civil Registry Law (Act No. 3753)
Anti-Violence Against Women and Children (RA No. 9262)
Inter-Country Adoption Act of 1995 (Republic Act No.8043)
Domestic Adoption Act of 1998 (Republic Act No.8552) Republic Act No. 9255, (2002)
Use of Father’s Surname
Philippine Passport Act (Republic Act 8239)
Child Youth and Welfare Code (P.D. 603)
Code of Muslim Personal Laws (P.D. 1083)
Convention on the Elimination of All forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW)
Supreme Court Rule on Declaration of Nullity of Void Marriages and Voidable Marriages, A.M.
No. 02-11-10-SC 2003-03-04
Supreme Court Rules on Legal Separation, A.M. No. 02-11-11-SC
Rules on the Legal Guardianship of Minors, A.M. NO. 03-02-05-Supreme Court, May 1, 2003
STRUCTURE:
Part 1: Course Overview and Introduction to the Civil Code and Preliminary Title
Part 2: General Provisions: Persons, Civil Personality & Citizenship and Domicile
Part 3: Introduction to the Family Code
Part 4: Marriage, Formal and Essential Requisites
Part 5: Rights & Obligations Between Husbands & Wives
Part 6: Void & Voidable Marriages and Legal Separation
Part 7: Support, Parental Authority, Emancipation and Age of Majority
Part 8: Paternity and Filiation, Adoption, Summary & Judicial Provisions
Part 9: Review of Key Provisions
GRADING SYSTEM:
Class attendance is mandatory and will consist of 10% of the final grade. Class
Participation will be graded through Graded Recitation 25% and quizzes, 15%. Two
exams shall be given comprising 20% for the Mid Term Examination and 30% for the
Final Exams. Students who miss a quiz shall get an automatic 5. No make-up quizzes will
be given.
METHOD:
Quiz on the provisions of the law
Graded Recitation
Lecture
OVERVIEW
Part 1: Introduction to the Civil Code and Preliminary Title
(1) The Effect and Application of Laws (Art. 1-18, NCC)
(2) Human Relations (Art.19-36, NCC)
Part 2: Persons, Civil Personality & Citizenship and Domicile
(3) Persons, Civil Personality, Natural & Juridical Persons
(4) Citizenship & Domicile
Part 3: Introduction to the Family Code
(5) Laws on the Family and Marriage & the concept of “Family”
Part 4: Marriage, Formal and Essential Requisites
(6) Marriage, Definition
(7) Requisites of Marriage : Formal and Essential Requisites
(8) Valid Marriage License; Valid Marriage Ceremony
Part 5: Rights & Obligations between Husbands & Wives
(9) Obligations between the Husband and Wife
(10) The Family Home & Property Relations
(a) Marriage Settlements, Donations
(b) Absolute Community & Conjugal Partnership
(c) Separation of Property and Property Relations of Unions without
Marriage
(d) The Family Home
MIDTERM EXAMINATIONS
Part 6: Void & Voidable Marriages and Legal Separation
(11) Lack of Essential and Formal Requisites
(12) Psychological Incapacity
(13) Incestuous Marriages and Marriages Void for reasons of Public Policy;
Presumptive Death
(14) Deficiency in Consent; Prohibition on Collusion
(15) Legal Separation
Part 7: The Family/Family Relations; Support, Parental Authority, Emancipation and
Age of Majority
(16) The Family & Family Relations
(17) Support, Definition, Who are Entitled to Support
(18) Amount, Liability, How to Fulfil; Non-Levy of Support
(19) Support Pendente Lite; Reimbursement and Contractual Support
(20) Parental Authority, Definition and Character of Responsibility; Rights & Duties
(21) Civil Liability for Damages; Child’s Property
(22) Loss of Parental Authority and Substitute Parental Authority;
Disciplinary Measures
(23) Emancipation
Part 8: Paternity and Filiation, Adoption, Summary & Judicial Provisions
(24) Concept of Legitimacy: Legitimated Children; Extension of Legitimacy by
Legal Fiction and Adopted Children
(25) Action to Claim Legitimacy
(26) Adoption
(27) Summary Judicial Proceedings
Part 9: Review of Key Provisions /Integration
FINAL EXAMINATIONS WEEK
COURSE SYLLABUS - Persons & Family Relations
1 st – 2 nd Meetings
Getting to Know the Subject, the Teacher and the Students.
Part 1: Course Overview and Introduction to the Civil Code and Preliminary Title
Introduction
Giving an Assignment
(1) The Effect and Application of Laws (Art. 1-18, NCC),
(a) Date of Effectivity Art. 2, NCC
Executive Order No. 200, 18 June 1987
Tanada v. Tuvera, 146 SCRA 446, GR 63915 29 December 1986 Philippine Association
of Service Exporters v. Torres et.al., GR 10279 6 August 1992
a. Laws and Rules covered by the Rule on Publication
Tayug Rural Bank v. CB, GR 46158, 28 November 1986
b. Computation of Time, Art. 13, NCC
Firestone Tire and Rubber Co v. Lariosa, L-70479 27 February 1987
Gonzaga v. de David, L-14858 29 December 1960
Rural Bank v. Court of Appeals, L-32116 21 April 1981
c. Meaning of Weeks and Months Art.13, NCC
People v. del Rosario, L-7234, 21 May 1955
(2) Principles on the Application of Laws
a. Presumption of Knowledge of the Law, Art. 3, NCC
In Re: Filart 40 Phil 205
b. Prospective & Retroactive Effect of Laws, Art. 4 NCC
ABS-CBN v. Court of Tax Appeals L-52306 12 Oct 1981 Lorenzo v. Posadas 64 Phil 353
c. Mandatory and Directory Laws Art. 5, NCC
d. Waiver of Rights and Exceptions Art 6, NCC
Ferrazini v. Gsell 34 Phil 693
e. Equity in the Application of Law Art 10, NCC
f. Repeal of Laws Art 7, NCC
Lichauco v Apostol 44 Phil 138
U.S. v Palacio 33 Phil 208
(3) Jurisprudence & Duty of the Courts to Decide Art 8-9 NCC
Floresca v Philex Mining GR 30642 30 April 1985
(a) Customs contrary to public order & proof Art. 9, 11-12, NCC
(b) Application of Laws
a. Application of Penal Laws, and Laws on Public Security and Safety Art.14, NCC
b. Application of Laws on Family Rights and Duties; Status Condition and Legal
Capacity of Persons Art.15, NCC
c. Law on Property Art. 16, NCC
d. Forms, Solemnities of Contracts and Wills Art. 17, NCC
(c) Suppletory Effect of the Civil Code Art.18, NCC
(4) Human Relations (Art.19-36, NCC), Tolentino, pp. 59-152
Cesar S. Sangco, Chapter IX, Special Torts (Human Relations), Philippine Law on Torts
and Damages,
JMC Press, 1978, 363-420
3rd – 4th Meetings
Part 2: Introduction to the Family Code
(2) Laws on the Family and Marriage : Overview & the Concept of “Family”
Tolentino, pp.217-218
Sempio-Diy, Introduction (Reasons for the Enactment of the Family Code)
Sec. 12, Art 11; Sec.1, Art XV, 1987 Constitution
Art.149-150, FC
Part 3: Persons, Civil Personality & Citizenship and Domicile
(5) Persons, Civil Personality, Natural & Juridical Persons
Tolentino, pp. 156-186
(a) Capacity (Juridical Capacity & Capacity to Act), Art. 37, NCC
(b) Incapacity (Causes & Consequences), Art.38-39, NCC
Women in Nation Building Act of 1992, Republic Act No.7192, Sections 5-8
(c) Natural Persons Art.40-42, NCC; Survivorship Art 43, NCC
(d) Juridical Persons Art.44-46, NCC
(6) Citizenship & Domicile
Tolentino, pp.187-214
1973 & 1987 Constitution on Citizenship; Article 4, Sec. 1-5 1987 Constitution
Article 2, Sec. 14, 1987 Constitution
Republic Act 8171 (1995)
Republic Act 9139, Administrative Naturalization Law, 2000
See Section 12
Republic Act 9225, Dual Citizenship Law, 2003
Political and Public Life (Article 7), Nationality, (Article 9) CEDAW
General Recommendation No. 23 (1997); General Recommendation No. 21, 9-10 CEDAW
Van Dorn v. Romillo, 139 SCRA 139
Pilapil v. Ibay-Somera, 174 SCRA 653
Silverio v. Republic, G.R. No. 174689, 22 October 2007 (Obiter Dictum on
Petitioner’s desire to marry her fiancé)
5 th – 6 th Meetings
Part 4: Marriage, Formal and Essential Requisites
(7) Marriage, Definition Article 1, Chapter 1, FC
Breach of Promise to Marry
Hermosisima v. CA, et.al. 109 Phil 628
Wassmer v. Velez 12 SCRA 652
Nature of Contract
Ty v. Court of Appeals, G.R. 127406, 27 November, 2000
Requisites of Marriage, Chapter 1, Articles 1-26 ; Article 149-151, FC
The Family, Article II, Sec. 12; Article XV, Sec.1-4, 1987 Constitution
Article II, Sec. 14; Article XIII, Sec.14, 1987 Constitution
Unions without the Benefit of Marriage, Article 147-148, FC
General Recommendation No. 21, 17-18 in relation to Art. 16; 36-39, in relation to Art 16,
CEDAW
(8) Requisites of Marriage : Formal and Essential Requisites
(a) Essential Requisites, Article 2; 4, FC
a. Legal Capacity, Article 5; 35 (1); 37-38; 45 (1) FC; See also: Article 26
(2), FC
General Recommendation No. 21, 36-39, in relation to Article 16, CEDAW
b. Consent, Article 14-16; 35 (5); 45 (2) to (6); 46, FC
(b) Formal Requisites, Article 3; 4, FC
a. Authority of the Solemnizing Officer, Article 3 (1); 7; 4 (2) FC
b. Persons Authorized to Solemnize Marriage, Articles 7-8; 10; 21, FC
Eugenio v. J. Velez, G.R. 85140 17 May 1990
(9) Valid Marriage License ; Valid Marriage Ceremony Article 9; 11; 15-16, FC Civil
Registrar, Article 17-19, FC; Validity, Article 20, FC
Navarro v. Domogtoy 259 SCRA 129
Pugeda v. Trias 4 SCRA 49
People v. Borromeo 133 SCRA 106
Martiatequi v. CA 205 SCRA 337
Tenebro v. CA GR 150158, February 18, 2004
Republic v. Dayot GR 175581, 28 March 2008 (false affidavit)
Marriages Exempt from License Requirement, Chapter 2,
Articles 27- 34, FC
Cariňo v. Cariňo, G.R. 102569, 2 February 2001
Republic v. C.A. and Castro 236 SCRA 257
Ninal v. Bayadog GR 133778 14 March 2000
6
Marriage Counselling, Article 16, FC; Family Planning Seminar, Presidential
Decree 965, (1976)
Health, (Article 12) CEDAW; General Recommendation No. 24 (Family Planning
and Reproductive Health as Right to Information; Education and in relation to
Decision-making by woman and/or spouses); General Recommendation No. 21, 21-
23 in relation to Article 16
Article 15, Sec.3 (1) 1987 Constitution
Marriage Ceremony, Article 6; 8; FC
Marriages Solemnized Outside the Philippines Article 26, FC
Van Dorn v. Romillo (Foreign Divorce Decree)
Pilapil v. Ibay-Somera
Republic v. Obrecido GR 154380 5 October 2005
Llorente v. CA and Lorente GR 124371 November 23, 2000
Republic v. Iyoy GR 152577 21 September 2005
Republic v. C.A. and Castro (Re: Secret Marriage)
Marriages by Ethnic Cultural Communities, Article 33, FC
Muslim Marriage, Presidential Decree 1083, Muslim Code of Personal Laws
Review: General Recommendation No. 21, 13-14 CEDAW
7 th – 8 th Meetings
Part 5: Rights & Obligations Between Husbands & Wives
(10) Rights and Obligations Between Husbands and Wives, Title III
Lacson v. Lacson 24 SCRA 837
Arroyo v. Vasquez de Arroyo 42 Phil 54
a. Mutual Love, Respect, Fidelity, Article 68
Exception to Living together in relation to Fixing Domicile, Article 69
see par. (2)
Giota v. Campos Rueda 35 Phil 252
Arroyo v. Vasquez de Arroyo
See: Republic Act 9262, Anti-Violence Against Women and Children Act of 2004
b. Joint Support, Management of the Household, Relief for Neglect of Duty, Articles
70-72, FC
Arroyo v. Vasquez de Arroyo (Contempt of Court)
(i) Exercise of Profession, Article 73, FC
Sempio-Dy, pp. 130-133
(ii) Support, Title VIII, Article 194-195, FC
When Available
Quimiguing v. Icao 34 SCRA 132
Barnuevo v. Fuster 29 Phil 606
Marcelo v. Estacio 70 Phil 145
Cononizado v. Almeda-Lopez 109 Phil 1169
Jocson v Empire Insurance Co. 103 Phil 580
Characteristics
Sempio-Dy pp.331-332
Samson v. Yatco 1 SCRA 1145
(iii) Joint Parental Authority, Article 208-215, FC
Leouel Santos and Rosario Bedia Santos v. CA 242 SCRA 407
Flores v. Esteban 97 Phil 439
On Code Commission’s Rationale for Husband’s Decision, Article 211, FC
Sempio-Dy , pp.353-354
See also in relation to: Article 102 (6); 129 (9); Presumption in favour of the
Mother in Custody Cases when Child is aged below seven
Unfit Parent, Art. 229 (5) FC; 231 (Termination & Suspension)
Petition for Habeas Corpus of Angelie Anne Cervantes
169 SCRA 575
Leouel Santos and Rosario Bedia Santos v. CA
Review:
Discrimination, (Article 1); Marriage and Family Life, (Article 16)
CEDAW;
General Recommendation No. 21, 7-8 on (Art. 15); 10 (h) on Art. 16 ; 19-20, also
in relation to Article 16, CEDAW
The Family Home & Property Relations
(a) Marriage Settlements, Donations
(i) Applicable Property Regime, Articles 74-81, FC
Quintana v. Lerma 24 Phil 285
General Recommendation No. 21, 25-29, Right to property; 30-33, Right to Marital
property; 34-35, Inheritance
Marriage Settlements (Pre-nuptial Agreements), Validity, Article 75-77, FC
(ii) Donations by Reason of Marriage, Art.82-87
Hardling v. Commercial Union Ass. Co. 38 Phil 464
(Moderate Gifts; Who May Question Donation)
Matabuena v. Cervantes 38 SCRA 284 (Unions without Marriage)
(b) Absolute Community & Conjugal Partnership
i. Absolute Community
1. What Constitutes Community Property, Article 91; When Constituted,
Article 88; Presumption of Inclusion, Article 93; Co-Ownership, Article
90; Non-waiver Article 89, FC
De Leon v. RFC 36 SCRA 289
Ahern v. Julian 39 Phil 607
Jocson v. Jocson Vasquez 170 SCRA 333
8
Sideco v. Aznar 92 Phil 952
2. Excluded from Absolute Community, Article 92, FC Sempio-Dy, pp.
159-161
3. Charges upon the ACP, Articles 94-95, FC Sempio-Dy, pp. 163-169
4. Ownership, Administrative, Enjoyment and Disposition of the
Community Property, Article 96-98
Sempio-Dy pp. 169-174
On Code Commission’s Rationale for Preference over Husband’s
Administrative and Management:
Sempio-Dy, Alicia (1988). pp. 170-171
Review:
Discrimination, (Article 1); Marriage and Family Life, (Article 16)
CEDAW; General Recommendation No. 21
5. Dissolution of the Absolute Community of Property,
Article 99, FC
a. Effect of De facto Separation and Abandonment Article 100-
101, FC
b. Liquidation of the ACP, Articles 102-103, FC
Onas v. Javillo 59 Phil 733
De Ocampo v. Delizo 69 SCRA 216
ii. Conjugal Partnership Property
1. What Constitutes CPP, Article 106 & 108, When constituted, Article
105; Non-waiver, Article 107 in relation to Article 88 & 89, FC
Philippine National Bank v. Qunitos 46 Phil 370
Nable Jose v. Nable Jose 41 Phil 713
De Ansaldo v. Sheriff of Manila 64 Phil 156
2. Coverage, Conjugal Partnership Property, Article 166-120, FC
Zulueta v. Pan-Am Airways 49 SCRA 1
Jovellanos v. CA 210 SCRA 126
Flores v. Flores
3. Excluded Property, Article 109-115, FC
Tecson v. SSS 3 SCRA 735
Santos v. Bartolome 44 Phil 76
Lorenzo v. Nicolas 91 Phil 686
Gonzales v. Miller 69 Phil 340
People’s Bank v. Register of Deeds 60 Phil 167
Perez v. Perez 109 Phil 64
Rodriguez v. De La Cruz 8 Phil 665
4. Charges upon the CPP, Articles 121-123, FC
Sempio-Dy, pp. 210-214
5. Administration of the CPP, 124-125, FC
Sempio-Dy, pp.215-216
On Code Commission’s Rationale for Preference over Husband’s
Administrative and Management:
Sempio-Dy, Alicia (1988). p. 216
Review:
Discrimination, (Article 1); Marriage and Family Life, (Article 16)
CEDAW;
General Recommendation No. 21
6. Liquidation of the CPP, Articles 129-133, FC
Babao v Villanueva 44 Phil 921
Moore and Sons Mercantile Co v Wagner 50 Phil 128
iii. Separation of Property
1. Definition, Article 145-146; When Constituted (Before Marriage),
Article 143; During Marriage (Grounds and Procedure), Article 134-
142; Revival of Property Regime, Article 67
In re: Jose Bermas and Pilar Bermas 14 SCRA 327
Partosa-Jo v CA 18 December 1992
2. Liability of spouses to creditors, Solidary, Article 146 (2), FC
iv. Property Relations of Unions without Marriage, Article 147-148, FC
Tumulos v. Fernandez GR 137650 12 April 2000
(c) Separation of Property and Property Relations of Unions without Marriage
Valdez v. RTC 260 SCRA 221
Agapay v. Palang 276 SCRA 341
Carino v. Carino 351 SCRA 127
(d) The Family Home, Art. 151-162, FC
Arriola v. Arriola GR 177703, 28 January 2008
Honrado v. CA 476 SCRA 280
Spouses Versola v. CA, 497 SCRA 385
Manacop v. CA 277 SCRA 57
Modequillo v. Breva 185 SCRA 766
Valdes v. RTC 260 SCRA 221
9 th Week - MIDTERM EXAMS
10 th – 12 th Meetings
Part 6: Void & Voidable Marriages and Legal Separation
(11) Lack of Essential and Formal Requisites
Void and Voidable Marriage
Lacking Essential and Formal Requisites, Article 35, FC
Almelos v RTC GR 179620, 28 August 2008
Wiegel v Sempio-Dy 143 SCRA 499
Odayat v Amante 77 SCRA 338
10
(12) Psychological Incapacity
Psychological Incapacity, Article 36, FC; Republic Act 8533 (1998) in relation to
Article 39;
Article 54, FC; Supreme Court A. M. NO. 02-11-10-SC
March 4, 2003
Suggested Reading:
Concluding Comments by the Committee on CEDAW, 2006, Par. no. 32 (On Divorce)
Cases:
Benedicto v. De La Rama 3 Phil 341 ( L-1056, 8 December 1903)
(Availabilityof Divorce)
Valdes v. RTC of QC GR 122749 31 July 1996
Santos v. CA and Julia Rosario Bedia-Santos, GR 112019 4 January 1995
Chi Ming Tsoi v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 119190. January 16, 1997
Republic v. Molina, G.R. 108763, February 13, 1997
Antonio v. Reyes, G.R. 155800, March 10, 2006
Marcos v. Marcos 343 SCRA 755
Leonilo Antonio v. Marie Yvonne F. Reyes, GR 155800, 10 March 2006
See also: Supreme Court Rule on Declaration of Nullity of Void Marriages and Voidable
Marriages, A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC
(13) Incestuous Marriages and Marriages Void for reasons of Public Policy; Presumptive
Death
a. Incestuous Marriages, Article 37, FC
b. Marriages Void for Public Policy, Article 38, FC
Review:
General Recommendation No. 21, (13-16) CEDAW
Gender, Muslim Laws and Reproductive Rights
Davao City / Pilipina Legal Resources Center, Inc. / 2001
c. Final Judgment, Absolute Nullity of Previous Marriage, Art. 40
Bobis v. Bobis 3 July 2000
Landicho v. Relova 22 SCRA 731
Rep v. Castro 236 SCRA 257
Domingo v. CA 226 SCRA 572
d. Presumptive Death, Article 41-44, FC
Republic v. Nolasco 220 SCRA 20
Republic v. Bermudez Lorino 18 January 2005
Valdes v. RTC 260 SCRA 221
(14) Deficiency in Consent; Prohibition on Collusion
Mercado v. Mercado 337 SCRA 122
Deficiency in Consent, Article 45-47,FC
Common Provisions:
Support Pendente Lite, Presumptive Legitimes, Liquidation, Support, Custody and
Partition, Article 49-51, FC
11
Prohibition on “Collusion,” Article 48, FC
Record of Judgment and Partition, Effect on Subsequent Marriage, Article 52-53,
FC
(15) Legal Separation, Title II, FC
US v. Joanino 27 Phil 477 (Effects)
Laperal v. Republic 6 SCRA 357 (Surname)
Hatima Yasin v. Sharia District Court G.R. No. 94986 February 23, 1995 (Muslim
Divorce/ Surname); Remo v. Hon.Sec.of the Department of Foreign Affairs CA GR
Sp.87710, July 24, 2004 (Reverting to Maiden Name, Passport)
Review: Llorente v. CA and Lorente GR 124371 November 23, 2000;
Republic v. Obrecido GR 1543805, October 2005 (Effect of Divorce by a former Filipino;
Sempio-Dy: p. 32 on the application of Art. 26 [2])
Supreme Court Rules on Legal Separation, A.M. No. 02-11-11-SC
Recommended Reading:
Manuel Alberto Colayco, God, Family and Country, The Philippine Debate on the Legalization of
Divorce, III, Ateneo Law Journal Vol. 46, Issue No. 1 2001
June R. Carbone, A Feminist Perspective on Divorce, The Future of Children, Vol. 4, No. 1,
Children and Divorce (Spring 1994), pp.183-209
Grounds for Legal Separation , Article 55, FC
General Recommendation No. 21, (40) CEDAW; General Recommendation No.
12 & 19, Violence Against Women, CEDAW
a. When Grounds not Available, Article 56, FC
b. When to File, Article 57, FC
c. Six Month Period, Reconciliation and Prohibition on Collusion , Articles 58-60,
FC
d. See also: Rules on Legal Separation, A. M. NO. 02-11-11-Supreme Court, March
15, 2003
Exception:
Sec. 19, Republic Act 9262, Violence against Women and their Children Act of
2004; See also Sec. 18
Recommended Reading:
People v. Genosa, GR 13591, January 15, 2004
Raitt F. and Zeedyk S.M. 2000. Battered Woman’s Syndrome, Chapter 4 in The
Implicit Relation of Psychology & Law: Women and Syndrome Evidence. Pp. 63-
86. Routledge London and Philadelphia
13 th – 15 th Meetings
Part 7: The Family & Family Relations, Support, Parental Authority, Emancipation and Age
of Majority
12
(16) The Family, Art. 149-150, FC; Review: Sec. 12, Art. 11; Sec.1, Art.15 (1987,
Constitution)
(17) Support, Review Definition, Article 194, FC; Who are entitled to Support each other,
Article 195-197, FC
(18) Amount, Article 201 (in relation to 195-196); Necessity and Means Available, Article
202, FC, Liability for Support in case there are two or more obliged, Article 199-200,
FC When Demandable, Article 203; (Effect of Separation in Fact) Article 127, FC;
How to Fulfill, Article 204, FC; Non-Levy of Support, Article 205; Qualification
(Excess) Article 208, FC; Reimbursement, Third Person providing Support, Article
206-207, FC; Contractual Support, Article 208, FC
(19) Support Pendente Lite, Article 198, FC
(20) Parental Authority, Definition, Character of Responsibility, Joint/ Preference for Father
in case of disagreement, Article 209-211l; also 186 (Adoption); See also effect of
adoption (Termination of Parental Authority, Parents by Nature, Article 189, FC)
Exception Illegitimate Children, Sole Parental Authority of the Mother, Article
176, FC
On Code Commission’s Rationale for Preference over Husband’s Authority and
Responsibility:
Sempio-Dy, Alicia , pp. 353-354
Review:
Discrimination, (Article 1); Marriage and Family Life, (Article 16) CEDAW;
General Recommendation No. 21 Compare with: Article 102 & 129, FC, Preference
in favour of Mother, Child aged below seven
Espiritu v CA, G.R. No. 115640 March 15, 1995
Gualberto v CA, G.R. No. 154994. June 28, 2005
Rights and Duties, Article 220, FC
(21) Civil Liability for Damages, Article 221, FC
Child’s Property, Article 225-227; (Guardian Ad Litem) 222, FC
(22) Loss of Parental Authority
Permanently, Article 228; See also 234 (3); 236 (Emancipation); 232 (Sexual Abuse) FC;
Review: Unfit Parent under Part 5, (11) (b) (iii) and Gualberto v CA, G.R. No. 154994. June
28, 2005
Hontriveros Jr. Intermediate Appellate Court 132 SCRA 745
By Final Judgement, Article 229, FC
Suspension, Article 230-231, FC
See also Effects of Disciplinary Measures, Article 223 (2), FC
a. Substitute Parental Authority, Article 216-219; 222; 233, FC
See also: Rules on the Legal Guardianship of Minors, A.M. NO. 03-02-05-Supreme
Court, May 1, 2003
b. Disciplinary Measures, Article 223-224, FC
Over Adopted Child, Article 191; 193 (Reinstatement to Natural Parents), FC
Article 135 (Ground for Judicial Separation of Property); 141 (Revival if restored),
FC
13
See Concluding Comments of the UN-CRC Committee
(23) Emancipation and Age of Majority
Concept : Emancipation of Minors
Recommended Reading:
Emancipation of Minors Law. Div. 11, Part 6, Chap. 1, §7000
a. When it Takes Effect and Effect on Emancipated, Article 234 & 236, FC
b. Recorded Agreement, Orphan Minor Child, Article 235, FC (As amended by
RA 6809)
c. Revival of Parental Authority when Married Minor’s marriage is declared void
or annulled, Article 237, FC (As amended by RA 6809)
16 th – 17 th Meetings
Part 8: Paternity and Filiation
(24) Concept of “Legitimacy,” Article 163-165; Right of Legitimate Children, Article 174,
FC; See also Concluding Comments (Philippines) of the Committee on the convention
on the Rights of the Child, 20-21, 3 June, 2005 (CRC)
Unson III v Navarro 101 SCRA 182
a. Legitimated Children, Article 177-180; Effect on Descendants,
Article 181; Period, Ground and Interest to Impugn Legitimation,
Article 182, FC
b. Adopted Children, Article 189; Effects, Article 190; (Grounds for
Legal Separation) 55, FC; Also Sec. 3 (h), RA 9262
c. Exemptions:
Legal Fiction Extension of Legitimacy, (Adultery) Article 167;
(Nullity) Article 53 & 54 in relation to Article 36, FC
(25) Action to Claim Legitimacy, Article 173; Proof of Filiation, Article 172, FC
Illegitimacy, Article 165, FC
Briones v. Maricel Miguel et.al. 440 SCRA 455 (Custody of Illegitimate Children)
Reynaldo Espiritu v. CA and Teresita Masauding GR 1115640,
15 March 1995 (Exception)
In re: Stephanie Astorga Garcia GR 14831131 March 2005 (Surname);
See RA 9255 (2005) amending Art. 176 of the Family Code
Supreme Court Am. No. 6-11-15, 2 October 2007, Rules on DNA Evidence
a. Grounds to Impugn Legitimacy, Articles 166 FC
b. Rules on Impugning Legitimacy, Article 168-171, FC
Republic Act No. 9255, (2002) Use of Father’s Surname
14
Adoption
Republic Act 8552, Domestic Adoption Act of 1998
Lahorn v. Sibulo, 406 SCRA 135
Republic of the Philippines v. Court of Appeals, et al., 205 SCRA 356
Bobanovic, et al. v. Montes, etc., et al., 142 SCRA 485
a. Qualifications of Adopter, Article 183, FC
b. Those who cannot adopt, Article 184, FC
c. Spouses, Joint Adoption, Article 185-186, FC
d. Effects, Article 189, FC
e. Succession Rights, Inheritance, Disinheritance, Article 190-193,
FC
f. Written Consent to be Adopted, When Applicable, Article 188,
FC (Compare with PD 603)
(26) Summary Judicial Proceedings
a. Legal Separation, Article 238-248, FC; Rules on Legal Separation, A. M.
NO. 02-11-11-Supreme Court, March 15, 2003
b. Cases of Parental Authority, Article 249-252, FC
c. Application to related Cases, Article 253, FC
Articles 41 (Presumptive Death), 51 (Presumptive Legitimes in Void and
Voidable Marriages), (Disagreement in Fixing Domicile) 69, (Objection to
exercise of profession) 73, (Disagreement with Administration of ACP)
96, 124 (Disagreement with administration of CPP) and (Separation in
Fact) 127
(27) Final Provisions, Article 254-257, FC
18 th Week - FINALS
