Министерство Образования Азербайджанской Республики

Азербайджанская Национальная Консерватория

Бакинский Музыкальный Колледж

Самостоятельная работа 5

Предмет:Английский язык
Курс: IIa
Преподаватель: Садигова Арифа
Студентка: Абдинзаде Джамаля

Тема: Tofig Guliyev

 Tofig Guliyev was born on November 7, 1917, Bilgəh in Baku, in the family
of salary worker. He became a student of the Azerbaijan State Conservatoire when
he was 12 years old due to his musical talent. But in 1934, he became a student of
Baku Conservatoire, where he studied in two faculties - fortepiano (in professor
I.S.Aysberg’s class) and composer (in professor S.G.Strasser’s class). In the
conservatoire young Tofig Guliyev familiarized with works of great classics of the
past – Bach, Beethoven, Tschaikovsky, Schubert and other composers. The
brilliant talent of Tofig Guliyev drew music communities’ attention to him and
soon, in 1936, Azerbaijan’s National Committee of Education sent Tofig Guliyev
to Moscow State Conservatory named after Tschaikovsky on Uzeyir Hajibeyov’s
advice and initiative. There he learnt conduct and for some time studied in
fortepiano class of professor Neyhauz. Soon he began to work as a pianist at well-
known Estrada orchestra of those times under A.Zfasmann’s guidance, where he
successfully worked till 1939.
Tofig Guliyev’s first experiences on poems began in the beginning of the
1930s. In 1931, being the student at the Asaf Zeynally Music School in Baku,
Tofig Guliyev wrote a song to Mirza Alakbar Sabir’s poem – “About a schoolboy”
according to his teacher’s advice. Beginning from 1935, Tofig Guliyev began to
work as a conductor at Azerbaijan Drama Theatre named after Meshadi
Azizbekov. Tofig Guliyev’s activity as folklorist, which was begun in the 1930s
had a great importance not only in creative biography of the composer, but also in
musical-social life of Azerbaijan. Tofig Guliyev was one of the creative
personalities, who had great services to development and popularization of
Azerbaijani folklore. He is one of the first composers of Azerbaijan, who
accomplished note records of mugham. In 1936, mugham recordings “Rast”,
“Segah”, “Zabul”, “Dugah” were released by him (jointly with composer Z.
Bagirov).
In 1939, returning to Baku, Tofig Guliyev engaged in with organizational
work for establishment of national orchestra, the active work of which concurred
with the beginning of the Great Patriotic War in 1941. The Estrada orchestra,
which was established by the composer and called Red Army ensemble was
allotted to 402nd infantry division and had concerts in front line during the war.
Tofig Guliyev wrote many patriotic songs for the division: “Not a step further!” (to
Surkov’s lyrics), “Tender hand”(to Dorizo’s lyrics), “About a Russian girl”,
“Fighter’s song”. In 1943, the ensemble was divided into two groups. One of them,
called Red Naval, was managed by Tofig Guliyev. The ensemble often performed
at the front, at the Caucasian front, in Crimea, went to concerts for parts of the
Army in Iran.
After the end of the war, Tofig Guliyev began his composer activity at
Azerbaijan State Russian Drama Theatre named after Samad Vurgun, Azerbaijan
State Theatre for Young Spectators named after Maxim Gorky. During some years
with theatres, he wrote songs for spectacles “The twelfth night” of W.Shakespeare,
“A young guard” of Fadeyev, “Aydin” of Jafar Jabbarly, “On the distant shores” of
H.Seyidbeyli and I.Gasimov, “Brothers” of Rasul Rza, “Strange man” of
N.Hikmat, “Shirvan’s beauty” of A.Mamedkhanly.
 In the 1940s, Tofig Guliyev began to work also in cinema, actively
continuing it in subsequent decades. During that time he wrote a lot of songs
dedicated to the Motherland – “A song about the Motherland”, “Azerbaijan”, “Ala
Dag”. Tofig Guliyev began creative collaboration with the eminent singer Rashid
Behbudov, one of the best performers of the composer’s songs. Creative duet had
concert tours in cities of the Soviet Union, which were followed by great success.
A collection “National dances of Azerbaijan”(1951), “15 National dances of
Azerbaijan” (1955) and two-volume edition “Azerbaijani songs” (1956–1958)
released under the great singer Bulbul’s edition, was the result of his expeditions in
the regions of Azerbaijan. In subsequent years the composer continued his
recording and processing work of folklore materials. In the 1950s-1960s, he
handled Arabian, Indian, Bulgarian and Chinese songs. Tofig Guliyev’s work on
recording and publication of mughams had a great importance for national musical
culture.
In spite of the great creative and rendering achievements, Tofig Guliyev
preferred to continue his education and in 1948, renewed his education at the
Moscow Conservatory in conductor class of professor A.Ginsburg and in
composition class of professor K.Golubyev. Graduating from the conservatory in
1951, Tofig Guliyev entered graduate course of the Moscow Conservatory, where
he ended his education under the guidance of the great conductor Aleksandr Gauk.
In 1954, returning to Baku, he began to teach at the Azerbaijan State Conservatoire
named after Uzeyir Hajibeyov. There he led student orchestra, opera and orchestra
classes, taught instrumentation. In 1958, the composer began to work in Azerbaijan
State Philharmonic Hall named after Muslim Magomayev, and later became the
director. During these years the composer wrote poems fortepiano and among them
were “Lezghinka”, “Variations”, songs “Branchy gold” (Jarkov’s lyrics), “Don’t
be proud”, “I love you”, “Kind country, Azerbaijan”. In 1959, the composer
created “Song about Moscow” cantata for the second decade of Azerbaijani culture
in Moscow. During these years he wrote a lot of songs for drama spectacles, for
“Anthony Grant’s crime” piece of M. Volibranskiy and R.Rubinstein, “When
blossoms acacia” of M.Vishnyakov. During these decades were written a lot of
musical pieces for some films by Tofig Guliyev, which achieved great popularity
“Under sultry sky” (1958), “Bakhtiyar” (1959), “Could he be forgiven?” (1959).
Active creativity in musical-social activity was mentioned in the 1960s-
1970s. Tofig Guliyev is the participant of many international conferences,
festivals, art holidays. In 1962, he took part at conference dedicated to
development problem of musical art and exchange of cultural experience by the
Academy of Arts invitation and later he participated at holding of Days of
Azerbaijani art in Czechoslovakia, where he composed songs “Bratislava” and
“Song about Prague”, which became popular in Czechoslovakia.
During this period, Tofig Guliyev led the delegation of Azerbaijani actors in
Bulgaria, Poland and Italy. During many years, he was the first secretary of the
Union of Azerbaijani Composers. Give consideration to training of new personnel
of composers, led holdings of composer plenums, musical festivals, conferences,
conventions. He often made reports and articles dedicated to various problems of
Azerbaijani art.
In 1966, during the Decade of Russian culture in Azerbaijan, Tofig Guliyev
composed a new song-“Kind country, Azerbaijan” with a composer Solovyev-
Sedoy. During this period he created cycle of international songs: “Moldova”
(1966), cycle of songs about Georgia. In 1972, The International Exhibition
Demonstrating Azerbaijani Culture was opened with Tofig Guliyev’s “Oilmen”
song in Brussels.
In the 1980s-1990s, Tofig Guliyev was engaged in social activities.
Tofig Guliyev’s creativity was highly evaluated-he was given the title of
People’s Artist of the Azerbaijan SSR, title of the laureate of Lenin Komsomol
Prize of the Azerbaijan SSR.
He died on October 5, 2000, at the age of 82 after prolonged illness. He was
buried in the Alley of Honor, in Baku.