20 1 7 A N N UA L R E P O RT

IMPROVING GOVERNANCE
IN A TIME OF TRANSITION

BB rookings research is firmly rooted in observed facts, empirical

data, and an institutional commitment to developing practical
solutions to the most vexing policy challenges facing society, in the
United States and around the world. This way of operating is necessary
in an ever-more polarized Washington, where like-minded people
are drawn to information sources that reinforce their increasingly
entrenched worldviews and even facts are the subject of debate. For
more than 100 years, Brookings has built a reputation for quality,
independence, and impact on the value proposition that thoughtful,
unbiased analyses lead to good policies, which are at the heart of
good governance. This is a constant, even in times of transition in
administrations and shifting global alliances.

1
CO-CHAIRS’
MESSAGE

PHOTO: KATHERINE LAMBERT

BB rookings is more important
than ever. There has never
been a greater need for indepen-
dent, high-quality research that
has a genuine impact on the most
pressing matters of public policy.
We can fulfill this purpose
because of our Board’s vision and
oversight, our leadership’s strong management, and the support of our many donors, whose names you can
read in the Honor Roll at the end of this report. We are deeply grateful to them all.
The Brookings 2.0 strategic plan that we began implementing in 2016 brings a new framework and
urgency to our efforts, and the pages that follow offer some details on our progress. The plan starts with
expanding Brookings’s mission, from a focus on the efficient functioning of government to the improvement
of governance at all levels of society. Many civic actors must be empowered if we are all to create a peaceful
and prosperous world. The goals that follow support that mission and reinforce the values—a commitment
to quality, independence, and impact—that guide our experts in all they do.
This last year also saw the conclusion of the Second Century Campaign, a six-and-a-half year effort
led by Glenn Hutchins, vice chair of the Brookings Board. More than 1,400 donors contributed over $670
million, exceeding our goal by $70 million. These funds have already allowed us to establish new chairs
for our scholars, launch and create new research centers and initiatives, and expand our outreach. We
express our most sincere thanks to all who have ensured that Brookings will be able to pursue its essential
mission for another hundred years.
The problems we face today are more complex and consequential than ever—from stabilizing a
fractious world to reducing inequality to ensuring a habitable planet for future generations. As we work to
develop innovative solutions to these and so many other challenges, we can only succeed with your support
and engagement. Thank you.

David M. Rubenstein John L. Thornton

Co-Chair of the Board Co-Chair of the Board

2
 PRESIDENT'S
MESSAGE

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

A
A
transition between administrations always gives Brookings a
special chance to be of service to our elected leaders and our
fellow citizens. This year has been no exception, although some of
the specific developments and disputes have been, in various and
dramatic ways, truly exceptional. We have much to be proud of in the
way we have met both the challenges and the opportunities.
Starting with the transition last year, a number of appointees to
important jobs have reached out to our scholars. They have been seeking
advice on policy issues and the workings of their agencies, departments, and foreign postings. We have hosted
several key members of President Trump’s White House team and his cabinet for events and briefings.
In addition, there has been a bumper crop of invitations to our experts to share their perspectives
with members of Congress in both houses and on both sides of the aisle.
For decades, Brookings has been an oasis of nonpartisanship and civil discourse in a city that is all
too often polarized. The past two years have made this part of our mission imperative on a national scale,
given the cacophony of insults and falsehoods that blighted the 2016 primaries and general election.
Our scholars’ commitment to solid knowledge, empirical research, and respect for facts has armed
us with antidotes to the rise of fake news, ignorance or mangling of history, and disregard of truth in the
political arena.
Adaptation and course-correction are also part of our strategy. We are always looking for ways to broaden
and deepen our areas of competence. For example, we are giving priority to understanding the insurgencies
in both the major parties in 2016. Our scholars are working with partners in areas of the country where seg-
ments of the population have felt they are losing ground and neglected by the powers that be. They turned
out in sufficient numbers to support a successful but disruptive, unorthodox campaign that has brought to the
highest office in the land a mode of governing that has raised serious questions and sparked ongoing debate.
Brookings scholars are determined to understand legitimate grievances in a significant part of the
body politic and help remediate them.
At the same time, we have also launched an initiative directed at another stubborn and shameful fact
of our society and polity that has been with us from our nation’s founding: racism, especially as suffered
by African Americans. Our Race, Prosperity, and Inclusion Initiative strives to advance the equity and
economic prospects of low-income citizens and of communities of color. The project draws from inter­
disciplinary research from our Economic Studies, Governance Studies, and Metropolitan Policy Programs.
While many Brookings scholars are eager to tackle these urgent domestic problems, others continue to
look and work abroad, greatly reinforced by our overseas centers in Beijing, Doha, and New Delhi. After all, the
backlash against globalization and the rise of nationalism in the United States is, itself, part of a global trend.
These reactions come with a regression to the bad old zero-sum geopolitics of previous centuries: bellicosity
between great powers, threats from rogue states, and medieval marauders abetted by modern technology.
On those challenges, too, governments around the world are looking to us for our analysis and ideas
on what is still an increasingly interconnected world. And so is the new administration here in Washington.
In short, while Brookings adjusts to change, both evolutionary and seismic—and as John Allen takes
the helm—we are also maintaining the mission, values, and standards that have guided us from our own
founding into our second century.

Strobe Talbott
President

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 ECONOMIC STUDIES

TAKI N G O N ECO N O M I C
CHALLEN G E S

TT he election of Donald Trump in November 2016 brought new attention to

Americans who have seen the American Dream as increasingly out of reach
for themselves and their families. Where well-educated professionals have seen their
economic circumstances rebound, significant swaths of the country continue to see
low wages and limited paths to opportunity. In the wake of the surprising Brexit
vote, the candidates debated whether increased globalization and existing trade deals
were contributing to or impeding economic progress. The president, Congress, and
the leadership of both parties have struggled to find consensus—much less make
progress—on the best way to improve prospects for struggling Americans.
PHOTO: SHARON FARMER

Throughout the campaign and into the new administration, Economic Studies
scholars have carefully examined the underlying challenges to broadly shared prosperity,
evaluated potential solutions, and proposed alternatives to improve prospects for all.

A DRAMATIC SHIFT IN APPROACHES TO

REGULATORY POLICYMAKING
The Trump Administration has made regulatory relief one of the centerpieces
of its domestic policy agenda. Among Donald Trump’s first acts as president was
to issue an executive order directing that at least two regulations be repealed for
each new one instituted. This dramatic shift in regulatory policymaking deserves
careful examination.
The new Center on Markets and Regulation, launched in December, is poised
to address this need. Under the leadership of Economic Studies Vice President and
Governor of the Bank of Mexico Agustín
Carstens outlines the challenges facing his Director Ted Gayer, the Center has analyzed administrative actions on the regulatory
country’s economy and policies to meet them process, market and government failures, and regulation of financial markets. The

4
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Distinguished Fellow in Residence Ben

Bernanke (LEFT) discusses the outlook
for the U.S. economy under the Trump
Administration with Secretary of the
Treasury Steven Mnuchin

Center has published important analyses of the Trump Administration’s progress A Public Health Crisis:
staffing federal agencies, the likely impacts of revisions to Dodd-Frank financial Understanding the Troubling
regulations, and the broader economic impacts of rules related to land use, gun Rise of “Deaths of Despair”
control, and more.
At the spring 2017 Brookings Papers on
Ultimately, regulatory policy is about much more than the collection of rules
Economic Activity conference, Princeton
and regulations that dictate government and corporate actions. Regulations guide
University Professors Anne Case and Sir
market activities including helping or hindering entrepreneurship and investments
Angus Deaton provided much-needed
in technological innovation. They also impact people’s lives and well-being from their
illumination of a growing public health
housing options to their work arrangements to their ability to secure a loan. Careful crisis, presenting new data on the
study of the complex regulatory process and the policies it generates can offer ideas dramatic and troubling rise in midlife
for improved policymaking and better outcomes for all. deaths from drugs, alcohol, and suicide
among white Americans with no more
THE ACA AND THE FUTURE OF HEALTH CARE IN than a high school degree. In “Mortality
THE UNITED STATES and Morbidity in the 21st century,”
Case and Deaton, a Nobel Laureate,
The GOP’s prolonged effort to repeal and replace Obamacare throughout 2017 was
explore patterns and contributing
fast-moving, but the Center for Health Policy responded quickly to new updates,
factors to the troubling trend, found
providing high-quality, nonpartisan analysis of how several pieces of introduced leg-
among men and women alike in all areas
islation might affect health insurance markets and ACA enrollees. As one example,
of the country. This dramatic rise in
Matt Fielder, a fellow in the USC-Brookings Schaeffer Initiative for Innovation in
mortality rates is driven by an increase
Health Policy, published a critical and widely-cited analysis of how the CBO would
in “deaths of despair” from drugs,
score introduced legislation—and the likely impact on the uninsured population. This alcohol, and suicide, despite progress
piece and others helped policymakers and the public understand not only the impact against deaths from cancer and heart
of proposed health policy solutions, but also potential paths forward to improve health disease. More than twenty thousand
outcomes and lower costs. people read the paper in the first few
Experts in Economic Studies are looking beyond strategies for expanding health days after publication and it was cited
insurance coverage to find ways to make care more affordable through improving in local, national, and international
Medicare, reforming prescription drug payment and innovation, exploring innovative media outlets more than 1,000 times.
programs at the state and local level, and strengthening The authors suggest that increases in
delivery. Amid the uncertainty of repeal and replace- “deaths of despair” are accompanied
ment efforts, Brookings scholars are working to by deteriorating economic and social
assess state- and local-level performance and well-being, declining marriage rates
develop innovations that can fortify insurance and labor force participation, and rising
exchanges and preserve and expand Medicaid reports of physical pain and poor mental
to cover more Americans. and physical health.

Vice President and Director of

Economic Studies Ted Gayer, the
Joseph A. Pechman Senior Fellow
PHOTO: SHARON FARMER

5
 “Scholars at Brookings…have been part of a driving force behind an
effort to reform the Congressional budget process. I want to thank you
for lending your time, your expertise, and your passion to this issue.”
— REP. TOM PRICE (R-GA), THEN-CHAIRMAN OF THE HOUSE BUDGET COMMITTEE

Brookings Trustee
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Jason Cummins

New Leadership of the

Economic Studies Council
The Economic Studies Council provides
financial support for Economic Studies
and engages business and community
leaders in its work. Through an annual
program of expert briefings, round-
tables, and conference calls, members
PHOTO: ALI DEFAZIO

of the Council participate in high-level

discussions of critical economic topics
and share their private sector perspec-
tives on current issues.
Boston Globe columnist Indira Lakshmanan leads a conversation with Senior Fellow Isabel
Jason Cummins succeeded Wilbur Sawhill, Senior Fellow and Co-Director of the Center on Children and Families Richard Reeves,
Ross as chair of the Economic Studies and Nonresident Senior Fellow Dayna Bowen Matthew (FROM LEFT) on economic mobility and
racial inequities as part of a Brookings podcast series leading up to the 2016 election
Council in 2017, when Ross was con-
firmed as Secretary of Commerce in
the Trump Administration. In this role,
Cummins, who is head of research and
Senior Fellow and Director of
chief U.S. economist at Brevan Howard
the Hutchins Center on Fiscal
Asset Management, has worked to both and Monetary Policy David Wessel
deepen the engagement of existing moderates a discussion with
Council members and identify prospec- Representatives Rosa DeLauro
tive new members. In addition, Brevan (D-CT) and Tom Reed II (R-NY)
(FROM LEFT) on the political
Howard has contributed generously
realities and challenges of
to Economic Studies, supporting the public investment
program’s broad agenda of analyzing
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

emerging economic policy issues

facing the United States and the world.
Cummins was elected as a Trustee of
Brookings in June 2017.

6
PHOTO: LYDIA THOMPSON/URBAN INSTITUTE

ECONOMIC
STUDIES
Less than one month before the
election, Senior Fellow and Director
of the Hutchins Center on Fiscal and
Monetary Policy David Wessel leads a
debate on the presidential candidates’
tax plans that featured Trump
campaign advisors Peter Navarro
and Wilbur Ross, who would later be
confirmed as Secretary of Commerce
(FROM LEFT)

DISRUPTING THE CONVERSATION ON SOCIAL MOBILITY Economics on ESPN:

As gaps between the rich and the poor grow wider, the fate of the American Dream Who Benefits from Federal
has become an increasingly salient political issue. Though the top 1% have been on Stadium Financing?
the receiving end of most of the blame for growing inequality and dismal rates of Professional sports teams can be an
social mobility, Senior Fellow Richard Reeves, co-director of the Center on Children important source of civic engagement
and Families, thinks another group should share the blame: America’s privileged and local pride. For this reason, leaders
“upper middle class.” at all levels of government often go to
In his new book published by the Brookings Press, Dream Hoarders: How the extraordinary lengths to ensure teams
American Upper Middle Class is Leaving Everyone Else in the Dust, Why That is a don’t leave their city, or to attract teams
Problem, and What to Do about It, Reeves takes a critical look at how the top 20% that are relocating. These efforts often
are successfully passing on their status to their children. They’re doing this through include the issuing of tax-exempt bonds,
“opportunity hoarding” mechanisms such as zoning laws and schooling, occupational a practice that, according to Economic
licensing, college application procedures, and access to internships. The result, Reeves Studies Vice President and Director Ted
argues, is a less competitive economy as well as a less open society. He concludes with Gayer, unnecessarily subsidizes the con-
prescriptions for ways that society can take effective action to reduce opportunity struction of stadiums that provide little
hoarding and thus promote broader opportunity. to no economic benefit to taxpayers.
Dream Hoarders has enjoyed a tremendous reception in the media, includ-
In an influential paper titled “Tax-exempt
ing appearances by Reeves on NPR’s Morning Edition and reviews or citations in
Municipal Bonds and the Financing of
major publications, including The Economist, Washington Post, The Nation, The Professional Sports Stadiums,” Ted Gayer,
Guardian, New York Post, and The Atlantic. He also published an op-ed based on Austin J. Drukker, and Alexander K. Gold
his work in the New York Times and took part in a public event at the historic 6th determine that the federal government
& I Synagogue in Washington, DC with David Brooks, who dedicated one of his has subsidized newly constructed or
Times columns to the subject. significantly renovated professional
sports stadiums to the tune of $3.2 billion
federal taxpayer dollars since 2000.
The paper caught the attention of U.S.
Senators Cory Booker (D-NJ) and James
Lankford (R-OK), who cited the research
on ESPN while promoting legislation they
introduced to reverse course on what they
PHOTO: RALPH ALSWANG

agree is a poor use of taxpayer money.

Secretary of Education
Betsy DeVos delivers
the keynote address at
the launch of the fifth
annual Education Choice
and Competition Index,
published by the Center Explore beyond the highlights.
on Children and Families Visit brookings.edu/program/economic-studies
and follow @ BrookingsEcon

7
 FOREIGN POLICY

I N FO RM I N G P O LI CY
D EBATE I N A TI M E O F
U N CERTAI NT Y

D
D
espite predictions of the demise of fact-based policymaking, Washington has
remained open to ideas, including within the new administration. Brookings
scholars continue to engage, inform, and, at times, push back on policymaking—
just as they did during the Obama Administration. Foreign Policy (FP) scholars
played important roles in informing the last phases of the Obama team’s policy
initiatives, including on Iran and Cuba diplomacy, the counter-ISIS campaign, the
Syrian refugee crisis, and U.N. peacekeeping. At the same time, several scholars
were among the leading voices challenging Obama’s overall Syria strategy, warning
of its consequences for America’s position in the region, and arguing for a more
engaged posture.
PHOTO: RALPH ALSWANG

During the early months of the Trump Administration, Brookings scholars

have renewed the emphasis on independence, non-partisanship, and the quality and
depth of our fact-based analysis. One notable recent example is FP’s “Order from
Chaos” project, a multi-year initiative that engaged scholars from across the program
and assembled a prominent task force of former Republican and Democratic foreign
policy officials. The resulting bipartisan report, Building “Situations of Strength,”
outlines U.S. policy for a new era of geopolitical competition, providing analysis and
policy recommendations for defending and reforming the international order for the
Senior Fellow Mireya Solís, co-
director of the Center for East Asia
21st century. Launched in February 2017 in a period marked by disruption as the
Policy Studies and Philip Knight new administration was still taking shape, the report burnished the Foreign Policy
Chair in Japan Studies, defends free program’s reputation for analysis of the new geopolitical realities and its standing
trade deals during the Brookings as a team that can forge bipartisan consensus—an increasingly rare resource in a
Debate series
fractious time.

8
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Vice President and Director of Foreign Policy Bruce

Jones leads a conversation with National Security
Advisor H.R. McMaster during the spring joint
meeting of the Brookings Board of Trustees and
the International Advisory Council

“This institution and the public

policy conversations in Washington
are stronger because of your long
leadership and service.”
— SENATOR CHRIS COONS (D-DE)

HOW TO COUNTER THE KOREA THREAT New Thinking on Strategic

In recent months, with repeated test firings of intercontinental ballistic missiles Competition
capable of reaching the United States, the need to counter Kim Jong-Un’s aggres- Thomas Wright, director of the Center
sive nuclear weapons development has gained new urgency. The incendiary rhetoric for the United States and Europe, broke
exchanged by the leaders of both sides has further escalated tensions and increased new ground in the discourse about great
the risk of miscalculations. Brookings has an extensive roster of experts on North power competition with All Measures
Korea and East Asia who know the region and have decades of experience devel- Short of War: The Contest for the 21st
oping policy ideas for responding to the dangers that Pyongyang presents. Through Century and the Future of American
publications and briefings, these scholars have offered sensible advice for a compre- Power. This examination of strategic
hensive strategy to ratchet down the temperature of this crisis. For example, Senior rivalry shows why the post-Cold War
Fellow Jonathan Pollack’s report on international order, East Asia, and the Korean era of convergence came to an end
Peninsula has been voraciously read in Seoul and across the region. His earlier work and how major powers are now using
on the incoming president’s foreign policy occasioned a flurry of debate, but also a global interdependence to gain strategic
meaningful reconsideration of policy. advantage over their competitors. Wright
contends that the great powers seek to
avoid costly, all-out wars with each other,
PROMOTING DIPLOMACY AND DIALOGUE IN U.S.-CHINA RELATIONS
but they compete with myriad other
FP scholars have been at the forefront of the debate on the imbalance in the U.S.- means, including cyber and economic
China economic relationship and instrumental in underscoring how a trade war means, proxy war, and coercive diplo-
would hurt the U.S. economy and make other economic targets harder to meet. Senior macy. He argues that the United States
Fellow David Dollar’s piece, “Playing Responsible Hardball on China’s Trade and must employ a calculated and rational
Investment,” set a benchmark for understanding key concepts, articulated terminology approach to counter rival states such as
that was adopted by key stakeholders, and has been widely quoted in publications and China, Russia, and Iran.
at events. Before the Mar-a-Lago summit between Presidents Trump and Xi in April,
Upon its publication in May, All Measures
Senior Fellow Richard Bush, director of the Center for East Asia Policy Studies, sent
Short of War received favorable reviews
his “One China Policy Primer” to officials in the administration, which was widely
both here and abroad. Foreign Policy and
circulated. Likewise, commentary from Senior Fellow
the Financial Times included it among
Cheng Li, director of the John L. Thornton China
its summer reading selections, and FT’s
Center, on “The Trump-Xi Summit: Why Personal
Gideon Rachman described it as “an
Relationships Matter,” was read at the highest
immensely useful and lucid analysis of
levels of the government in both the United States the current global balance of power.”
and China prior to the summit. Additionally, Publisher’s Weekly hailed
it as “a bracing antidote to simplistic
thinking about complex policies.”
Dr. Condoleezza Rice, former U.S. secretary of state
and the Thomas and Barbara Stephenson Senior
Fellow on Public Policy at the Hoover Institution
at Stanford University, discusses the story of
democracy both past and present
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

9
Fellow Natan Sachs, director of Co-Chair of the

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

the Center for Middle East Policy, Foreign Policy
moderates a discussion at the Leadership Council
2016 Saban Forum Jonathan Colby (RIGHT)
and his wife Susan
with Vice President
and Director of
Foreign Policy
Bruce Jones

PHOTO: RALPH ALSWANG

New Resources for Research To help support a strong working relationship and maintain an ongoing dia-
and Impact logue between China and the United States, the John L. Thornton China Center at
Brookings convened the second U.S.-China Leaders Forum at Sunnylands in Rancho
With a generous five-year gift,
Mirage, California. This gathering brought together high-level participants to foster
Brookings Trustee David Rubenstein
greater understanding and trust and to develop and promote ideas for increased col-
continued his support for the FP
laboration. Following the Trump-Xi summit the previous month, the Forum focused
Director’s Strategic Initiatives Fund.
on key strategic, economic, security, and social issues that the two presidents iden-
This funding is crucial in fostering
collaboration across the program, pro-
tified as areas of mutual interest. Forum participants also examined the direction of
viding strategic hiring opportunities, China-U.S. relations in light of the new administration in Washington and the scale
and enabling cutting-edge research on of the anticipated leadership transitions during China’s upcoming Party Congress.
emerging issues. Expanded multi-year
funding from the Robert Bosch Stiftung POLICY IMPACT AMID TRANSITION
has strengthened the existing partner-
The process of improving policymaking is often informed by analytical writings, but
ship between the Bosch Stiftung and
it is also advanced through engagement, including personal contact, strategic com-
Brookings and supports new efforts to
munication, and high-level convening. Brookings scholars have regular and direct
reinvigorate transatlantic cooperation
interactions with policymakers and White House staff members across regional and
and coordination. The Brookings-
functional areas of responsibility. Several FP scholars have briefed the relevant senior
Robert Bosch Foundation Transatlantic
directors on Middle East, Asia, and Latin America policy. Foreign Policy’s security
Initiative, launched in April 2017, adds
team—including Senior Fellows Michael O’Hanlon, Steven Pifer, Robert Einhorn,
significant new capacity for research,
analysis, and high-profile discussions
and Vanda Felbab-Brown—have offered advice and ideas to officials and professional
on transatlantic issues. Foreign Policy staff at the Department of Defense, the Joint Chiefs, and the combatant commands.
also received a grant from the Charles Senior Fellow Bruce Riedel has played an important role in briefing and advising
Koch Institute to host a debate series the intelligence community at the highest levels of leadership within the Trump
in cities across the country. These Administration. The Middle East and security teams have sustained the role they
discussions aim to exhibit civil dis- had during the Obama Administration of providing recommendations to Central
course focused on America’s role in the Command and the counter-ISIL coalition. Ongoing dialogue with the government
world, while expanding audiences and underscores that our scholars’ work on global hotspots such as Syria and Iraq—includ-
increasing exposure to critical views ing Michael O’Hanlon’s ongoing work on these countries—actively informs critical
that challenge preconceptions. debates within the defense and military community.
PHOTO: SHARON FARMER

Tamara Cofman Wittes, senior fellow in the

Center for Middle East Policy, and former
Secretary of State Madeleine Albright (FROM RIGHT)
answer questions during a discussion of Wittes’
report, “Real Security: The Interdependence of
Governance and Stability in the Arab World”

10
 FOREIGN
POLICY
Impact through Innovative Communications
The basis for all of Foreign Policy’s work is the production of high-quality,
fact-based analysis designed to inform the debate. Recently, FP has been
developing new formats to convey its analysis that enable immediate
impact. The “Brookings Interview” is one innovative tool that convenes a
cross-section of Foreign Policy scholars for a world-class policy dialogue.
The Brookings Interview on U.S. policy options for North Korea was led
by Vice President and Director of Foreign Policy Bruce Jones, with Senior
Fellows Richard Bush, Robert Einhorn, Steven Pifer, Jonathan Pollack,
and Evans Revere, and Distinguished Fellow in Residence John Allen, who
collectively have decades of diplomatic and military experience focused on
Korea, China, Japan, and nuclear and missile proliferation. The resulting
transcript, which was edited by Fellow Tarun Chhabra and Bruce Jones and
produced in a matter of days, provides a range of assessments and recom-
mendations for addressing the ongoing threats posed by North Korea, as
well as perspectives on regional actors.

In April, the Brookings Venezuela Working Group (Rubenstein Fellow Dany

Bahar, Nonresident Senior Fellows Charles T. Call, Richard Feinberg, and
Harold Trinkunas, Senior Fellow Ted Piccone, and Bruce Jones) authored
a policy brief titled Venezuela: A Path out of Crisis, which was a vehicle
for short, focused policy recommendations to the administration and
Congress. The scholars highlighted the critical features of the deteriorat-
ing political and humanitarian situation in Venezuela and provided policy

PHOTO: SHARON FARMER

options detailing ways in which the United States could exercise leadership
and support efforts to raise the Maduro administration’s costs of pursuing
antidemocratic policies and lower the costs of a return to democracy in
Venezuela. After the publication’s release, a detailed analysis of the report
and Senate Bill 1018 revealed key areas of overlap between Brookings’s
recommendations and the proposed legislative solutions. U.S. Senator Chris Coons (D-DE) with Brookings
President Strobe Talbott and Vice President
and Director of Foreign Policy Bruce Jones
(FROM LEFT), prior to a discussion on the future of
U.S.-Russia relations, the NATO alliance, and the
trans-Atlantic relationship
An equally important form of impact is countering problematic policy and pro-
viding sound alternatives. Senior Fellow Shadi Hamid’s book Islamic Exceptionalism:
How the Struggle over Islam is Reshaping the World (St. Martin’s Press, 2016) and
his extensive writings and media engagement have been an important source of elu-
cidation for contesting the new administration’s approach to Muslim immigration,
which most scholars see as both ill-informed and damaging to U.S. counterterrorism
objectives. Hamid and others scholars such as Senior Fellows Will McCants and
PHOTO: RALPH ALSWANG

Dan Byman have been very active in questioning the administration’s messages on
this theme, briefing Congress, informing the intelligence community, and writing to
educate the media and public. Brookings scholars including Senior Fellow and Deputy
Director of Foreign Policy Suzanne Maloney and Senior Fellow Robert Einhorn have
been among those advising the administration and Congress—successfully so far—on
the detriments to withdrawing from the U.S.-Iran nuclear deal. Thomas Wright, director of the Center on the
Another significant aspect of Brookings’s impact and ongoing mission occurs United States and Europe and a senior fellow in
the Project on International Order and Strategy,
when our scholars answer the call of public service. In April, Fiona Hill joined the makes opening remarks during an event
National Security Council staff as deputy assistant to the president and senior director launching “Building ‘Situations of Strength,’”
for European and Russian Affairs. With allegations of Russian interference in Western a bipartisan report offering ideas for a new
elections—including the one that put Donald Trump in the White House—and national security strategy

ongoing questions around the Putin-Trump relationship, Hill’s deep expertise and
experience will be significant.

Explore beyond the highlights.

Visit brookings.edu/program/foreign-policy
and follow @BrookingsFP

11
 G LO BA L ECO N O M Y A N D D EV E LO P M E N T

MANAGING GLOBALIZATION
IN TODAY’S
INTERCONNECTED WORLD

U
U
nder the leadership of Vice President and Director Kemal Derviş, the Edward
M. Bernstein Scholar, and Senior Fellow and Co-Director Homi Kharas, experts
in the Global Economy and Development program (Global) work to strengthen the
drivers of sustainable growth and ensure that the benefits of growth are inclusive
and broadly shared.
Over the past year, Global explored the catalysts of globalization and recent signs
that integration may be slowing and, in the case of 2016’s Brexit vote, even reversing.
In a formative new book, Leo Pasvolsky Senior Fellow Carol Graham examined how
the recent backlash against globalization is not just about economic inclusion, but
PHOTO: BROOKINGS INSTITUTION

also how people feel about their overall well-being (see box opposite page).
Significant political uncertainties have elevated concern over whether anti-glo-
balization positions will continue to gain momentum. In his monthly Project Syndicate
column, Kemal Derviş cautioned against the dangers of short-term thinking for eco-
nomic policymaking, which could result in increased tension around issues such
as monetary policy, development, and trade. Senior Fellow Eswar Prasad, the New
Century Chair in International Trade and Economics, continued to examine global
economic trends through Tracking Indexes for the Global Economic Recovery
(TIGER), a collaboration with the Financial Times, finding that global growth is
Senior Fellow and Co-Director of
Global Economy and Development
broad-based and stable, but that undercurrents of political and policy uncertainty
Homi Kharas (RIGHT) with William J. in key countries have the potential to erode progress. Nonresident Senior Fellow
Clinton, 42nd president of the United and Director of the Brookings Global-CERES Economic and Social Policy in Latin
States, at the 14th annual Brookings America (ESPLA) initiative Ernesto Talvi offered insights on Brazil’s political transi-
Blum Roundtable on Global Poverty
tions, and Rubenstein Fellow Dany Bahar wrote extensively on Venezuela’s political,
economic, and humanitarian crisis and needed reforms.

12
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Vice President and Director of

Global Economy and Development
Kemal Derviş, the Edward M.
Bernstein Scholar

The uncertain state of the global economy has also opened new debates on the Happiness for All?
future of growth and economic progress. Senior Fellow Joshua Meltzer analyzed pros-
Leo Pasvolsky Senior Fellow Carol
pects for global trade and the implications of rising protectionist policies for countries
Graham is an expert on well-being
and businesses. While stock markets rallied at various points and new advances were
metrics, poverty, and inequality. Using
made in areas like computing, Global experts examined the slowdown in productivity
surveys and other empirical data, she
growth in most major developed economies, rising inequality, and the impact of the
explores the linkages between the
end of the commodities price boom on countries around the world. Senior Fellow distribution of income, attitudes about
Brahima Coulibaly, who joined the Africa Growth Initiative as director in spring inequality and future mobility, and
2017, and Amadou Sy, former director and now a nonresident senior fellow, each well-being in the United States. She also
highlighted how several African economies that were hit particularly hard by the drop provides some comparisons with other
in commodity prices need to diversify their economies to make them more resilient countries and regions. Her 2017 book,
to economic shocks. Global also continued to inform the Group of 20 (G20) and its Happiness for All? Unequal Hopes and
efforts to provide collective action to steer the global economy. Global partnered with Lives in Pursuit of the American Dream,
collaborating institutions in Germany and a broader G20 think tank network (Think examines the widening optimism gap
20) in the lead-up to the G20 Summit in Hamburg, offering new research and policy between rich and poor in the United
proposals on issues such as sustainable infrastructure and food security that were States, as well as between low-income
transmitted to Germany’s G20 sherpa. whites, blacks, and Hispanics. Graham
finds that stress, insecurity, and lack
of hope are particularly acute among
INCLUSIVE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT: AGENDA 2030
poor whites, and are related to the
Global is focused on the implementation of Agenda 2030, a blueprint for all coun- rising deaths of despair among the same
tries, including developing countries, to achieve the 17 interconnected Sustainable cohort. These trends point to an even
Development Goals (SDGs). Global experts are engaged with the institutions and more divided society, as people who lack
processes, including those at the United Nations (UN), that are instrumental in hope are less likely to invest in their
advancing new policies and debates. futures. The book gives clear evidence
Education is a critical building block for development and economic progress, that inequalities in well-being and
and, while access to schooling has improved, learning has not kept pace and enormous opportunity relate to the alienation and
disparities exist within and across countries. The Center for Universal Education, anti-government sentiments prevailing
led by Senior Fellow and Director Rebecca Winthrop, is working in much of the American body politic.
to rapidly accelerate progress in education—not only to help mar-
ginalized communities catch up to others, but also to foster more
effective, holistic, and equitable education for every child in the
world. In spring 2017, the Center convened a meeting of top
thought leaders in the fields of learning, innovation, and
technology, resulting in a compendium of 17 Lord Nicholas Stern, chair of
the Grantham Institute and
essays entitled “Meaningful Education professor at the London School
in Times of Uncertainty.” of Economics, discusses carbon
pricing and implementation of
the Paris Agreement
PHOTO: SHARON FARMER

13
 Former Trustee James Wolfensohn (SECOND
FROM RIGHT), his wife Elaine, and their family
join President Strobe Talbott (RIGHT) at
the dedication of the James Wolfensohn
Room, named in honor of his generosity
PHOTO: RALPH ALSWANG

in establishing the Wolfensohn Center for

Development at Brookings (2006–2011)

“We’re pleased and grateful that [the Brookings Blum]

Roundtable proceedings over the years have
helped initiate or further energize collaborations
on several advances in global development.”
— RICHARD BLUM, CHAIRMAN OF BLUM CAPITAL AND BROOKINGS TRUSTEE

Amplifying the Impact of

PHOTO: SHARON FARMER

Leaders in Girls’ Education

With the generous support of Echidna
Giving, Brookings established the
Echidna Global Scholars Program in
2012 to support the efforts of emerg-
ing girls’ education leaders as they
contribute to sound research and
evidence-based policy development
focused on developing countries.
Housed in the Center for Universal
Education (CUE), which is led by
Senior Fellow Rebecca Winthrop,
selected scholars spend a five-month
residency at Brookings, where they Former President of Malawi Joyce Banda (RIGHT) outlines how her country approached
conduct research on global education, girls’ education during her time in office at an Echidna Global Scholars event led by
with a focus on improving outcomes Rebecca Winthrop
and opportunities for girls. The 2016
and 2017 cohort of Echidna Scholars Global experts are also examining how to mobilize sufficient and effective
brought visiting fellows to Washington resources to support Agenda 2030. At the invitation of the 70th President of the
from India, Jamaica, Kenya, Mexico, UN General Assembly, H.E. Mogens Lykketoft, Homi Kharas and Senior Fellow
Nepal, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. They John McArthur wrote “Links in the Chain of Sustainable Finance: Accelerating
explored such topics as reintegrating
Private Investments for the SDGs, including Climate Action.” The policy brief, which
school-aged mothers, preventing early
identifies strategies designed to shift the global flow of capital toward sustainable
marriage, transitions from school to
investments that generate economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental pro-
the workforce, mentorship and life
tection, was launched at an event chaired by Lykketoft that featured introductory
skills development, the effects of
remarks from his successor, Peter Thomson. Former Fellow Laurence Chandy also
climate change on education, and the
released a paper on the performance of bilateral donors, multilateral development
impact of women teachers on girls’
education outcomes. The program fits
banks, and other institutions in providing development assistance in fragile and con-
within CUE’s broader efforts to cata-
flict-affected countries, where a lack of institutional or governmental legitimacy can
lyze and sustain collaborative action to create unique administrative challenges.
achieve quality education for all, and As an essential foundation for achieving inclusive growth, sustainable infra-
helps to build the leadership pipeline structure underpins all economic activity. Global is partnering with the New Climate
for girls’ education around the world. Economy and undertaking joint work with Lord Nicholas Stern on climate, sus-
tainable infrastructure, and next steps for implementing the Paris Agreement, with
new research and a high-level report released in late 2016 entitled “Delivering on
Sustainable Infrastructure for Better Development and Better Climate.” In the report,
Senior Fellow Amar Bhattacharya and co-authors identified the factors that are driving

14
 GLOBAL
ECONOMY AND
DEVELOPMENT
Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, chair of Gavi:
The Vaccine Alliance and member of

PHOTO: ALEX IRVIN

the Distinguished Advisory Group of
Brookings's Africa Growth Initiative,
at the 14th annual Brookings Blum
Roundtable on Global Poverty

sustainable infrastructure investing, arguing that now is an opportune time for making Learning Metrics Task Force
those investments. This research has been coupled with a series of high-level engage-
With the overarching purpose of improv-
ments to inform the strategies and approaches of finance ministries, development
ing children's learning outcomes globally,
practitioners, the private sector, central banks, and multilateral institutions around
the Center for Universal Education joined
the world. Additional research has included work on how sustainable infrastructure
with the UNESCO Institute of Statistics
should be financed to ensure that new power plants, roads, buildings, and other new
to co-convene the four-year, high-level
construction contribute to a low-carbon future, as well as opportunities to leverage Learning Metrics Task Force. The Task
alternative funding mechanisms such as pension funds to alleviate infrastructure Force produced a robust body of research
financing constraints, particularly in Africa. outlining the breadth of skills needed for
Senior Fellow George Ingram provided new research and insight on U.S. foreign children to succeed in the 21st century
aid reform, contributing to Brookings’s efforts to inform the 2016 election and the new and concrete steps for how to measure
administration. In summer 2017, Global convened the 14th annual Brookings Blum these skills. The Task Force brought
Roundtable entitled “U.S. Foreign Assistance under Challenge,” which focused on together thousands of stakeholders—
the proposed 2018 budget and organizational restructuring, along with the difficulty from government, civil society, teachers,
of bringing stability and economic growth to fragile states. philanthropy, and the private sector—
across more than 100 countries. There
Then-Director of have been multiple outcomes from the
the Africa Growth Task Force, including directly informing
Initiative Amadou Sy
the Sustainable Development Goal related
(LEFT) welcomes His
Excellency Faustin- to education.
Archange Touadéra,
president of the Central At an East Africa Task Force meeting,
PHOTO: RALPH ALSWANG

African Republic, Kenyan teachers, civil society organiza-

to Brookings for tions, and Ministry of Education officials
a conversation on worked together with CUE to identify
reconciliation and
actions that would provide the country's
recovery in his country
children the learning opportunities they
need to succeed in the 21st century.
Following the meeting, the Kenyan Ministry
World Bank President
Jim Yong Kim sets out of Education revised its curriculum for the
his vision for ending first time in 34 years. Today, this same
extreme poverty by coalition of actors has been at the helm of
2030 and boosting launching the curriculum reform and is in
shared prosperity
the process of carrying it out.
PHOTO: RALPH ALSWANG

Explore beyond the highlights. Visit brookings.edu/

program/global-economy-and-development
and follow @ BrookingsGlobal

15
 G OV E R N A N C E ST U D I ES

EFFEC TIVE LE AD ERSH I P

I N A TI M E O F U PH E AVAL

TT he 2016 election brought a new, combative style of governing to the White

House that has tested the system of checks and balances put in place by the
framers. Controversy and suspicion have surrounded the president since he took
the oath of office. Since then, despite controlling the White House and both cham-
bers of Congress, divisions within the GOP have stymied any significant legislative
accomplishments. In addition an energized, engaged resistance movement has taken
hold to oppose what many see as an overreaching administration with a fundamental
disregard for the norms that have long guided political behavior.
Experts in the Governance Studies program have been analyzing developments
in Washington to help explain the implications of this new approach to politics and the
policies that the administration is working to implement. Through research, analysis,
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

and policy recommendations, these scholars are providing important insights into how
government works and how it could work better.

ETHICS, EMOLUMENTS, AND THE PRESIDENT

President Trump’s unwillingness to divest his interests in the Trump Organization
brought new attention to the Emoluments Clause of the U.S. Constitution. This
Senior Fellow John Hudak once-obscure provision was included in the nation’s founding document to guard
against the practice, common in the eighteenth century, of wealthy foreign nations
using gifts, titles, and other things of value to attempt to influence leaders of other
countries. The president’s far-flung business empire presents many opportunities
for financial benefits to flow to the Trump Organization and, thus, to the president
himself. Whether or not this arrangement violates the Constitution is the subject of
an intense debate that will likely only be resolved in the courts.

16
PHOTO: SHARON FARMER

Senior Fellow and Editor-in-Chief of

Lawfare Benjamin Wittes (RIGHT) leads a
discussion with Representative Adam
Schiff (D-California) on the role of
Congress in protecting liberal democracy

“Along with the government itself, the American

electorate, and our free press, Brookings and its
peers have come to constitute a crucial fourth
leg of the American policy process.”
— REPRESENTATIVE ADAM SCHIFF (D-CA)

To help inform the answer to this question, Senior Fellow Norman Eisen (who Resources for Understanding
previously served as the chief White House ethics lawyer under President Barack American Democracy
Obama), along with University of Minnesota Professor Richard Painter (who held
The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation
the same position in the George W. Bush White House), and Harvard Law School
is a longtime supporter of Brookings,
Professor Laurence Tribe undertook a thorough examination of the Emoluments
with grants to programs and projects
Clause and its implications. Their paper, “The Emoluments Clause: Its Text, Meaning,
across the Institution going back four
and Application to Donald J. Trump,” was published five weeks prior to Inauguration
decades. Hewlett Foundation support has
Day, at a time when the scope of the Trump Organization’s businesses were, as they enabled Brookings experts to take on
remain, shrouded in secrecy and complex ownership structures. This has become specific critical issues as well as broader,
among the most-downloaded papers on the Brookings website, a testament to the thematic work. This year, in Governance
intense interest that this unique president’s actions have stirred. Studies, the Foundation took a particular
After a careful study of the Clause’s origins and its interpretation at the time interest in research on various aspects of
of adoption, the authors examine how it applies to the contemporary situation, con- the workings of the federal government
cluding that the then-president elect “appears to be on a direct collision course with and its relationship to U.S. democracy.
the Emoluments Clause.” The watchdog group Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics Funding includes generous support for
in Washington, which Eisen and Painter co-chair, has filed a case challenging the Senior Fellow Elaine Kamarck’s work on
president’s ongoing acceptance of payments from foreign sources. Congressional primaries and what they
can tell us about the roots of polarization
and the governmental dysfunction that
PRIMARY ELECTIONS IN A POLARIZED ERA
results, and Fellow Molly Reynolds and
Stories of palace intrigue in the White House have been widely reported in the media Senior Fellow Sarah Binder’s efforts to
in the months since Donald Trump took office. The dramatic storylines are amplified improve governance, decisionmaking, and
by the frequent inclusion of quotes from prominent Republicans in Congress pleading democracy. The Hewlett Foundation also
for the president to focus on the job at hand. The pull of partisan politics appears provides critical support for Lawfare,
to be as strong as ever. Knowing why this trend has continued and intensified in which brings clear, analytic think-
recent years is an important part of understanding modern American politics ing to the intersection of law and
more broadly. national security and the many
As part of the Primaries Project, Senior Fellow Elaine Kamarck, director varied bureaucratic agencies
of the Center for Effective Public Management, has delved into the role of managing that complex set
the party primaries, especially at the Congressional level, as a significant of issues.
factor in the pronounced shift toward steep divisions between the parties.
This year, she, along with Alexander Podkul and Nicholas Zeppos,
published two illuminating papers on the candidates Vice President and Director of
and the voters in the 2016 primary elections and Governance Studies Darrell West,
the Douglas Dillon Chair
on how new members of Congress govern once
they come to Washington.
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

17
 PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI
Fellow Nicole Turner-Lee (LEFT) and the
Reverend Jesse L. Jackson, Sr. discuss
the state of voting rights in America

Megachange: Economic The researchers found that primary voters are older and more educated than the
Disruption, Political general population and the general electorate and that they re-nominate incumbents in
Upheaval, and Social Strife enormous numbers, despite claiming that they do not value experience. Candidates,
in the 21st Century meanwhile, are largely male, well-educated, and married, and slightly more likely to
have served in the military than the average citizen. After scouring all candidates’ web-
The election of Donald Trump in 2016 was
sites to determine what issues were most important to those seeking office, Kamarck
perhaps the most dramatic manifestation
and her co-authors discovered a telling indication of the growing divide between
of an ongoing trend of big, unexpected
Democrats and Republicans: There was only one issue—the Affordable Care Act—
changes sweeping society, both domes-
that made it into the list of the five most-discussed issues among candidates from
tically and globally. Changes in public
attitudes toward once-divisive issues like
both parties. The researchers also found that Republican incumbents are challenged
same-sex marriage and legalizing mar- more often than Democrats and tend to perform worse when they are. Consequently,
ijuana previously moved at a slow pace, when these representatives arrive in Washington, they are often governing “with one
but today, major shifts occur rapidly. For eye over their right (or left) shoulder.”
example, a rapid rise in populist senti-
ment affected mainstream politics across
Europe and the United States. In recent Ambassador of
Uganda Oliver
elections, this has had a profound effect
Wonekha (LEFT)
on how candidates campaign as well on and Ambassador
policies related to a host of issues, from of the Republic of
immigration to trade. Rwanda Mathilde
Mukantabana at the
Vice President and Director of launch of the second
PHOTO: RALPH ALSWANG

Governance Studies Darrell West, the Financial and Digital

Inclusion report
Douglas Dillon Chair, chronicled this
emerging dynamic in Megachange:
Economic Disruption, Political Upheaval,
and Social Strife in the 21st Century. In
the face of this remarkable shift, many
Howard University
governing institutions rely too heavily
Associate Professor
on slow deliberation and burdensome Michael Fauntroy
bureaucratic processes. West argues (RIGHT) talks about
that, in the face of “megachange,” what to expect from
institutions must become more nimble minority voters in
the 2016 election as
and adaptable, an important lesson for
María Teresa Kumar,
PHOTO: STEVEN A. PURCELL

governments and citizens alike. president and CEO of

Voto Latino listens

18
 GOVERNANCE
STUDIES
Lawfare: Hard National Security Choices
The Trump Administration’s unorthodox readership for Lawfare. In the first six months
approach to a range of security issues has cre- following Donald Trump’s inauguration, traffic
ated an unprecedented demand for thoughtful, to the website surpassed the entire volume it
careful analysis of the legal and ethical had received since its founding in 2010, and
dimensions of its actions. From the executive the number of page views in January 2017
order to prevent entry into the United States exceeded that of January 2016 by 1,101 percent.
from seven Muslim-majority nations to the Lawfare’s remarkable success has caught the
unfolding drama around the Trump campaign’s attention of the media, with a profile in the New
connection with Russia to the firing of FBI York Times Magazine and a segment on NPR’s
Director James Comey, there are serious ques- “This American Life,” among others.
tions about the law and legal institutions in
the context of national security and the presi- One of Lawfare’s key innovations is SourceList, a
dent’s policies. Under the leadership of Senior database compiled by Hennessey of female and
Fellow and Editor-in-Chief Benjamin Wittes and minority experts in the fields of national secu-
Fellow and Managing Editor Susan Hennessey, rity and technology. Due to launch in fall 2017,
Lawfare has been answering these questions Hennessey created this resource as a response
with well-reasoned discussions of legal prin- to the tendency of national media, conference
ciples and how they apply to the unusual organizers, and others to rely on white men in
situation in which the nation finds itself. the field of national security for commentary Fellow and Managing Editor
and analysis. SourceList aims to include differ- of Lawfare Susan Hennessey
(LEFT) moderates a discussion
The quality of the insights, along with the sheer ent and more diverse experts in discussions that
with then-Secretary of
volume of controversies generated by the new need their voices.
Homeland Security
administration, have led to explosive growth in John F. Kelly

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

PAYING TAXES: A CIVIC DUTY AND POINT OF NATIONAL PRIDE

Civic engagement comes in many forms, from following policy debates and attend-
ing town halls to volunteering for campaigns and voting, or even running for office.
One somewhat surprising avenue for civic participation is the paying of taxes, which
is usually thought of as a source of consternation and resentment for much of the
public. But research shows that this initial and widespread assumption about how
Americans feel about paying taxes is incorrect. In fact, paying taxes is more often
a source of pride.
Fellow Vanessa Williamson used both national survey data and interviews
to explore how people actually feel about paying taxes, which she published in
her book, Read My Lips: Why Americans are Proud to Pay Taxes. She finds that
Americans largely see their own taxpaying as a sign that they are contributing Karen Tumulty of the Washington Post moderates
productively to their nation, even though they may have misconceptions about who a discussion on President Trump’s first 100 days
with Senior Fellow and Director of the Center for
else pays taxes. These incorrect notions create resentment toward those who are
Effective Public Management Elaine Kamarck and
perceived as not paying their share, including both the wealthy and the poor, as Senior Fellow William Galston, the Ezra K. Zilkha
well as illegal immigrants. For all the rhetoric in Washington Chair in Governance Studies (FROM LEFT)
railing against taxes, this empirical study of American
attitudes could clear the way for a better, more produc-
tive understanding among policymakers of how to talk
about taxes, taxpayers, and even civic engagement.

Explore beyond the highlights.

Visit brookings.edu/program/
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

governance-studies
and follow @ BrookingsGov
19
 M E T R O P O L I TA N P O L I C Y P R O G R A M

REDEFINING GROWTH AND

OPPORTUNITY IN CITIES

A
A
s our nation prepared for, and then ushered in, new leadership in Washington, the
Brookings Metropolitan Policy Program (the Metro Program) doubled down on
its steadfast belief that cities and metro areas must continue to be a force for progress
in creating an advanced economy that works for all. The very attributes of an advanced
economy—globally integrated, technologically savvy, multicultural—can also be threats,
real or perceived, to prosperity for some people, firms, and communities. Though the
scale of these challenges is national, the solutions are often local. Under the leadership
of Vice President Amy Liu, the Adeline M. and Alfred I. Johnson Chair in Urban and
Metropolitan Policy, the Metro Program focused its year on broadening the definition
of economic success, helping local leaders adapt to disruptive macroeconomic forces,
PHOTO: SHARON FARMER

and advancing local problem-solving with data, insights, and convening power.

CONNECTING COMPETITIVENESS AND INCLUSION

While proponents of economic growth and proponents of equity and opportunity
have traditionally worked in parallel structures and with parallel purposes, the mag-
nitude and urgency of today’s challenges call for more than the status quo. Economic
inclusion requires systems change, behavior change, and a culture shift across all
Global Economy and Development institutions and actors in a region to achieve an advanced U.S. economy that works
Senior Fellow Jeffrey Gutman (LEFT) for more people, firms, and communities.
and Metropolitan Policy Program
To be successful, regional economic development, business, and other market
Fellow Adie Tomer at the launch of
their Moving to Access report leaders need to be actively engaged in economic inclusion efforts. Yet, most lack
the framework, business case, and general know-how to pursue growth strategies
that improve opportunities for underserved populations and communities. To meet
growing demand from these stakeholders, the Metro Program piloted an experimental

20
PHOTO: RALPH ALSWANG

Kresge Foundation President Rip Rapson leads

a discussion on Detroit’s resurgence with Sandy
Baruah, President and CEO of Detroit Regional
Chamber, Stephen Henderson, Editorial Page Editor
of the Detroit Free Press, Quintin E. Primo III,
Chairman and CEO of Capri Investment Group, and
Brookings Senior Fellow Jennifer Vey (FROM LEFT)

“learning lab” with economic development leaders in three metro areas—Indianapolis,

Nashville, and San Diego—to develop and articulate a data-driven business case Tracking Detroit's Resurgence
for why inclusion is central to economic competitiveness. The intensive, six-month While the resurgence of Detroit’s auto
process involved conducting rigorous research and outreach efforts—including to industry has been an integral component
neighborhood and equity organizations—and informed new research by Metro Fellow of the city’s stabilization, business lead-
Joseph Parilla and Nonresident Senior Fellow Brad McDearman. As a result, market ers agree that entrepreneurship and small
leaders in these three metros know how to integrate inclusion into a growth agenda businesses are at the heart of the city’s
and, importantly, now have the tools required to advocate for new organizational renaissance. So, what does it take for
priorities, strategies, and collaborations. small business owners and entrepreneurs
to be successful in a city like Detroit and
elsewhere? In May, Brookings hosted
RESPONDING IN AN AGE OF ACCELERATIONS
an event with the Kresge Foundation
The major forces roiling the U.S. economy—including globalization, technology, to unpack the answer to this question.
urbanization, and demography—are not new, but they are outpacing society’s ability Kresge President Rip Rapson pre-
to adapt in what Thomas Friedman calls this “age of accelerations.” The resulting sented the Foundation’s annual “Detroit
dislocation, in which many workers, firms, and communities are left behind as others Reinvestment Index,” a comprehensive
prosper, has given rise to class, race, and geographic divisions. Research by Metro report measuring Detroit’s comeback
scholars continued to frame the debate around these disruptive forces and what they since the recession and the city’s fiscal
mean to America’s local and state leaders, who retain the ability and reputation to collapse. The report found significant con-
bridge divides and work creatively to ensure widespread growth and prosperity. fidence in the city among both national
Senior Fellow Mark Muro demonstrated the rise of the “gig economy” with new investors and local entrepreneurs.
data suggesting ride-sharing technologies are beginning to displace payroll workers
Following the presentation, a panel of
in some cities, while Associate Fellow Devashree Saha showed the unstoppable tra-
philanthropic and non-profit leaders
jectory of automation in coal mining, dispelling political notions about its potential
examined Detroit’s strategy to bet big
resurgence. Fellow Elizabeth Kneebone reminded us that poverty continues to grow
on small businesses, explored whether
at twice the rate in America’s suburbs as in its core cities, and the challenges of
it could serve as a model for other Rust
poverty touch all 435 congressional districts. Upon President Trump’s decision to Belt cities, and discussed what small
withdraw the U.S. from the Paris Climate Accord, Metro scholars responded with business owners and entrepreneurs might
an affirmative role for cities and states to limit the fallout with their own redoubling require in order to continue powering
of commitments. And, as the plight of the white working class dominates national Detroit’s comeback. Panelists determined
discourse, Senior Fellow William Frey focused on the nearly 50 percent of millennials that cities need to intentionally build an
and children who belong to ethnic minority groups. ecosystem to support small businesses
as they provide unique benefits to
neighborhood economies and residents,
Vice President and Director of the
and offer expanded pathways to
Metropolitan Policy Program Amy
Liu (RIGHT) interviews New York opportunity and wealth-building.
Times columnist Tom Friedman
about his latest book,
Thank You for Being Late
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

21
 PHOTO: SHARON FARMER
Senior Fellow and Deputy Director of the
Metropolitan Policy Program Alan Berube
at a Brookings Book Club event on Global
Cities: A Short History by Nonresident
Senior Fellow Greg Clark

“This has been an incredible ride, with tangible success and deep
learnings that have influenced our entire economic development
strategy. Thank you for the wonderful work that you’ve done.”
— GREG FISCHER, MAYOR OF LOUISVILLE, KY, ON HIS CITY’S PARTICIPATION IN
THE GLOBAL CITIES INITIATIVE

Redefining Global Cities PARTNERING WITH CITIES TO DESIGN NEW SOLUTIONS

In September 2016, the Metro Program The Metro Program continued to partner with its network of regional business,
hosted the Global Cities Summit, mark- elected, and non-profit leaders in cities across the country to co-design new solutions
ing the five-year milestone of the Global to today’s biggest challenges and inspire real change. Under the leadership of Fellow
Cities Initiative. The Summit reinforced Elizabeth Kneebone, the Metro Program convened a Housing Mobility Community
the importance of global trade and com- of Practice to help local housing authorities, state housing finance agencies, and
petitiveness, highlighted major urban local governments in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Baltimore, Chicago, and Kansas City
innovations underway, and catalyzed a pursue collaborative regional strategies to increase the supply of housing choices
next wave of bottom-up initiatives that in so-called opportunity neighborhoods in cities and suburbs. For each, the Metro
respond to the dynamics of the global Program framed the issues, offered new comparative data, facilitated workshops,
economy, including ways to engage and captured innovative examples that have enabled local leaders to improve their
workers in a period of disruptive global own regional collaborations and apply new approaches from other cities in the net-
change. Attendees included city and work. To date, the members of the network have worked together on new financing
regional leaders representing nearly tools, ways to engage community stakeholders in embracing housing choices in their
40 metro areas from around the globe, neighborhoods, and how to innovate amidst changes in the federal policy landscape.
along with participants from national Metro scholars also launched deep, long-term engagements in Southern
and international business and trade California’s Inland Empire and in Portland, OR to develop new visions for inclu-
promotion groups, federal agencies, and
sive growth and transportation access, respectively. Through the Global Cities
economic development organizations.
Initiative, Metro’s ongoing joint project with JPMorgan Chase, Metro Fellows Marek
The Summit featured the release of a Gootman and Joseph Parilla launched a new cohort of eight metro areas to identify
report by Fellow Joseph Parilla that their distinct, competitive strengths and build trading relationships with other cities
defines seven types of global cities, around the world.
providing a nuanced understanding of
how cities are participating in trade
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

and the flow of goods, services, people,

capital, and ideas. Parilla takes the 123
largest metropolitan areas in the world
and divides them into clusters—global
giants, knowledge capitals, American
middleweights, international middle-
weights, emerging gateways, Asian
anchors, and factory China. These
groupings make clearer the distinct
competitive positions of the world’s
largest metro economies and reveal the
peers that metropolitan areas can look
Kresge Foundation Program Officer Chantel Rush moderates a conversation on the role
to for common solutions and invest- of small businesses in Detroit with Anthony Hatinger, CEO of Detroit Ento, Kathy Belk,
ments to enhance economic growth. president of JumpStart, Inc., Pamela Lewis, director of the New Economy Initiative, and
Janis Bowdler, Head of Small Business and Community Development for Global Philanthropy
at JPMorgan Chase (FROM LEFT)
22
 M E T R O P O L I TA N
POLICY PROGRAM
Meet the Out-of-Work
Even in the midst of a prolonged economic expansion with a low national
unemployment rate, jobs are not always available, and not everyone
who wants work can find it. Both job availability and demographics vary
markedly around the country, yielding diverse local populations wanting or
needing work. In “Meet the Out-Of-Work: Local Profiles of Jobless Adults
and Strategies to Connect Them to Employment,” Fellow Martha Ross and
Research Analyst and Associate Fellow Natalie Holmes exposed important
variation in out-of-work populations at the local level based on several key
categories, including educational attainment, age, race, family status, work
history, disability status, and English language proficiency.

To demonstrate this variation, the researchers developed a new taxonomy

that places out-of-work 25 to 64 year-olds across 130 U.S. cities and coun-
ties with populations of more than 500,000 into seven major groups based
on shared characteristics. By describing and visualizing these groups, the
report attempts to put a face on out-of-work Americans. For each group,
the researchers recommend appropriate workforce development interven-
tions for local policymakers to consider implementing based on a survey of
proven and promising practices.

The Metro Program published the report with an interactive webpage,

where visitors can explore data from all 130 local jurisdictions. Following
the report’s release, Metro Program scholars published three blog posts to
further explore crucial elements of the report: “The Surprising Diversity
of America’s Jobless Adults,” by Deputy Director and Senior Fellow Alan
Berube; and “People with Disabilities are Disproportionately among the

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Out-of-Work,” and “Beyond the Monthly Jobs Report: Putting Faces to
the Numbers,” both by Ross. This work was generously supported by
Brookings Trustee Pete Higgins and his wife, Leslie.

The many faces of Atlanta Mayor Kasim Reed discusses the future
unemployed Americans, of his city at the Global Cities Summit, which
from “Meet the Out- marked the five-year anniversary of the Global
of-Work,” a report by Cities Initiative
Fellow Martha Ross
and Associate Fellow
Natalie Holmes

Map 1.Map
Trade displacement
1. Trade felt
displacement felt most
most intensely
intensely inand
in Midwest Midwest
South and South

Map of how trade displacement

affects workers by county from
“Where Global Trade has the Biggest
Impact on Workers,” a blog post by
Senior Fellow and Policy Director
Mark Muro and Fellow Joseph Parilla

TAA cerfied workers per

thousand workers, 1994-2014
Explore beyond the highlights.
Visit brookings.edu/
0.15 0.75 1.5 3
program/metropolitan-policy-program
and follow @ BrookingsMetro
Source: Public Citizen. Department of Labor Trade Adjustment Assistance Consolidated Petitions
Database. Washington DC, http://www.citizen.org/taadatabase
23
Source: Public Citizen. Department of Labor Trade Adjustment Assistance Consolidated Petitions Database. Washington, DC, http://www.citizen.org/taadatabase
 S T R AT E G I C P L A N
PHOTO: JOE CLAPPER

I M PLEM ENTI N G
B RO O KI N GS 2 .0

Brookings installed a solar array

on its roof that can generate
up to 63 kilowatts of renewable
energy per day
BB rookings launched its strategic plan in 2016 to position the Institution to con-
front the challenges of the 21st Century. Brookings 2.0 laid out five goals aimed
at strengthening the organization, making it more nimble, and enhancing the rele-
vance and impact of its work. The carefully developed strategies to achieve them
are creating synergies with other goals. For example, activities intended to promote
inclusion and diversity are also fostering collaboration throughout the Institution.

FOCUS THE MISSION OF THE INSTITUTION ON

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

IMPROVING GOVERNANCE
There are important questions about how the civic forces of government, the private
sector, and non-governmental organizations can work more effectively and efficiently
to improve citizens’ lives. In response, Brookings has focused its mission on improving
governance at all levels, from local to national to global. To advance this goal, Brookings
has identified five top governance challenges—inclusive growth and opportunity, order
and chaos in the international system, the digital revolution, energy and climate change,
and urbanization—and launched a set of initiatives and projects to address them.
Senator John McCain (R-AZ) (LEFT) discusses the
U.S.-led international order with Senior Fellow • The Race, Prosperity, and Inclusion Initiative strives to advance the equity and eco-
Robert Kagan nomic prospects of poor and low-income Americans and of communities of color
• Brookings is a partner in the Global Governance Futures program, which brings
together young professionals to look ahead ten years and recommend ways to
address global challenges
• The Cross-Brookings Initiative on Energy and Climate brings together expertise
on geopolitics, economics and the technical and market realities of energy systems
to develop practical, durable energy and climate policies
24
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Economic Studies Senior Fellow Adele

Morris outlines the implications of
a carbon tax with Ian Parry of the
International Monetary Fund and
Columbia University Professor Joseph
Stiglitz (FROM RIGHT) at a Cross-Brookings
Initiative on Energy and Climate event

• The new Office of the Centennial Scholar is tackling the chal- PROMOTE A CULTURE OF COLLABORATION
lenges of a city-driven century with new models of governance Brookings scholars have deep expertise in domestic and interna-
and finance to mitigate global challenges tional policy issues, enabling them to address detailed, sometimes
technical questions with great precision. But the biggest challenges
ENHANCE OUR IMPACT are so complex and multifaceted that finding effective solutions
To extend relevance and enhance impact, Brookings is working to requires a multidisciplinary approach, so Brookings marshals schol-
bring the Institution’s research and analysis to new and influential ars from across the Institution to contribute to work on particular
audiences. For every research endeavor, Brookings identifies the projects, initiatives, and other efforts.
most important audiences—Congressional representatives and
staff, executive branch agencies, the White House, multilateral • The Race, Prosperity, and Inclusion Initiative draws on schol-
organizations, the media, or the public—and then develops strat- ars from the Economic Studies, Governance Studies, and
egies to reach them most effectively. Dissemination may include Metropolitan Policy Programs to address the interlocking social
full-length books, briefings, policy briefs, reports, press and televi- factors that limit economic mobility and keep marginalized poor
sion interviews, and extensive use of Brookings’s website and social and low-income communities out of the economic mainstream
media. Brookings also nourishes partnerships with organizations
across the world and maintains three overseas centers to extend our • The Cross-Brookings Initiative on Energy and Climate includes
presence. Brookings has made a number of investments to support work by scholars in Brookings’s five research programs and three
these strategies and enable scholars to take maximum advantage overseas centers, each of whom brings specialized expertise to
of opportunities for impact. the public debate over key energy issues
• The new Office of the Centennial Scholar is working with schol-
• Brookings.edu underwent a complete redesign and upgrade to ars in Global Economy and Development and Foreign Policy at
improve the layout of information and make the most pertinent Brookings, and with external partners at the Partnership for
topics more prominent Public Spaces in New York and the Copenhagen Business School

• The Brookings Podcast Network includes four highly rated

podcasts: the Brookings Cafeteria, Intersections, 5 on 45, and
PHOTO: RALPH ALSWANG

Brookings Events
• @BrookingsInst has more than 303,000 Twitter followers who
receive timely updates on the latest research, events, and other
activities at Brookings. Individual Brookings scholars have hun-
dreds of thousands more followers
• Brookings is part of a number networks with other think tanks
in the United States, all of the G-20 nations, Africa, and South
America, and has overseas centers in Qatar, China, and India

CNBC Chief Washington Correspondent John Harwood

moderates a Brookings Debate on free trade
25
PHOTO: SHARON FARMER

Senior Fellow Ted Piccone

(standing) introduces key foreign
policy issues to DC Public School
students on Career Day 2017

ADVANCE INCLUSION AND DIVERSITY REINFORCE EFFICIENCY AND SUSTAINABILITY

Solving complex governance challenges requires an approach Achieving the goals of Brookings 2.0 requires disciplined manage-
that includes a range of perspectives that reflect the diversity of ment and thoughtful decisionmaking. To ensure that the Institution
the stakeholders. Brookings is committed to achieving greater operates sustainably, efficiently, and effectively, the strategic plan
diversity among its scholars and staff—including gender, racial, updates and enhances approaches to our own governance. Chief
ethnic, age, intellectual and ideological diversity—and to making among these are rigorous procedures and policies to safeguard
the Institution a welcoming, inclusive work environment. As part the independence of Brookings scholars, careful stewardship of
of this effort, Brookings has developed both qualitative and quan- financial resources, transparency, and accountability.
titative measures of success.
• Brookings continually updates its donor and partnership guide-
• The Inclusion and Diversity Committee builds and promotes lines and gift acceptance policies that govern all fundraising
the Institution’s work on these issues activities, including disclosure of relationships
• Brookings seeks to diversify the pool of applicants by broaden- • Donors are listed in the Annual Report (see Honor Roll starting
ing the places from which scholars and other staff are recruited on page 43)
• Brookings Trustee David M. Rubenstein created a fellows pro- • Brookings has developed or substantially revised conflict of
gram for early- and mid-career scholars identified as rising stars interest and disclosure rules for nonresident and resident schol-
ars as well as for outside contributors
• Brookings introduced approximately 90 Washington, DC stu-
dents to the Institution’s work and operations at its first annual • Brookings has implemented a robust, required training cur-
Career Day in an effort to inspire the next generation of leaders riculum for all employees and non-resident scholars on key
Institutional policies about independence
• Staff brown bag discussions have covered topics like
Islamophobia, police shootings, and Charlottesville, as well as • Brookings has introduced new financial sustainability metrics
learning opportunities on unconscious bias into program budgeting to improve processes and contribute to
long-term financial health
• Brookings launched its first-ever Staff Engagement Survey to
assess the strengths and weaknesses in its organizational cul- • A new solar array on the roofs of Brookings’s two main buildings
ture and create a roadmap for improvement generates up to 63 KW of power every day
• Brookings continues to work with other organizations including
Brookings 2.0 articulates a pathway to a more effective and sus-
the Federal Reserve Board and peer think tanks to address
tainable Institution. Improving the way we work enhances the
shared challenges to achieving diversity
ability of our scholars to address the biggest issues with practical
policy solutions. This will be a process of continuous improvement,
innovation, and refinement in the years to come.

26
 PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

STRATEGIC
PLAN
PHOTO: RALPH ALSWANG

Senior Fellow and

Co-Director of the
Anne T. and Robert
M. Bass Center on
Placemaking and
Innovation Centennial Scholar
Jennifer Vey Bruce Katz

CENTEN N IAL
SCH O L AR I N ITIATIVE

BB rookings launched the Centennial Scholar Initiative to create a platform for

interdisciplinary, cross-program research on large-scale issues and policy rec-
ommendations that achieve real impact. Bruce Katz, founding director of Brookings’s
Investing in Placemaking
Cities have been enjoying a resurgence in
popularity as places to live and work after
Metropolitan Policy Program, was named the inaugural Centennial Scholar in 2016.
decades of suburban sprawl in housing
His work focuses on the evolving governance challenges that cities face as a growing
and office parks. As more residents
percentage of the world’s population moves to urban areas.
flock to urban areas, demands for new
approaches to city building are emerging
ADVANCING INNOVATION TO COMPETE that emphasize quality of life, vibrant
The Centennial Scholar Initiative undertook detailed research efforts on three American public spaces, and neighborhoods that
cities to help them become more competitive economically and increase their quality integrate residential and commercial uses.
of life. Examinations of Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, and Oklahoma City identified each With the generous support of Trustee
Robert Bass, Brookings established
city’s key assets and ways to leverage them to grow their advanced industry clusters,
the Anne T. and Robert M. Bass Center
promote entrepreneurship, invest in human capital, and improve transportation links.
for Placemaking and Innovation in
The Initiative provided concrete recommendations for developing dynamic, high-quality
partnership with Partnership for Public
places where research institutions, firms, and talent concentrate and connect.
Spaces in New York to help inform civic
and business leaders’ efforts to take
IMPROVING URBAN GOVERNANCE advantage of this trend. The Bass Center
Many global challenges manifest themselves in cities, and meeting them requires is led by Centennial Scholar Bruce Katz
strong metropolitan-level governance. To help give leaders tools to be effective, Katz and focuses on market, social, civic, and
and Kemal Derviş, Vice President of Global Economy and Development, are collabo- place innovations that make cities more
rating to help deepen understanding of the norms, institutions, and networks essential sustainable and inclusive.
to successful city governance. The Project on 21st Century City Governance is looking
at where power and responsibility lie, the changing characteristics of governance, how
successful projects are developed and implemented, and the drivers of innovations in
The New Localism, by
urban governance. Their work included examinations of lessons from Copenhagen’s
Centennial Scholar
regeneration, the growing power of mayors, and the political divide between liberal Bruce Katz and Drexel
cities and more conservative state governments. University Professor
Jeremy Nowak, looks at
how cities can leverage
RESPONDING TO THE INFLUX OF REFUGEES INTO CITIES their power to address
The global refugee crisis has had an acute impact on cities, especially in Europe. Refugee serious social, economic,
and environmental
policies are made at the national level, but the immediate task of absorbing them falls to challenges
the specific cities where they settle, putting the onus on local governments. The Cities
and Refugees: The European Response project helps cities build capacity to deal with the
challenges of planning, delivering, and, in some cases, financing the housing, education,
and integration of new arrivals. The project is a collaboration of the Centennial Scholar
Initiative and the Foreign Policy program, with key research led by the Copenhagen To learn more about Brookings 2.0, visit
Business School. This project has focused on strategies that promote resilience, lessons brookings.edu/about-us
from Germany’s experience, and the response of multilateral institutions.
27
 B R O O K I N G S B E Y O N D T H E B E LT W AY

G ROWI N G I M PAC T
ACROSS TH E NATI O N
AN D ARO U N D TH E G LO B E

PHOTO: XIAOJUN HOU

Brookings-Tsinghua Center Director
Qi Ye delivers opening remarks at a forum
on low-carbon development in China

BB rookings has been a fixture in Washington, DC for more than 100 years.
Resident in the nation’s capital, the Institution is able to achieve the greatest
impact on the country’s governance. Over time, as policy issues at the local level
increasingly came to reflect national challenges and the world became ever more
interconnected, Brookings expanded its presence beyond the Beltway. Brookings now
has research centers in the three countries—Qatar, China, and India—that extend
its reach to some of the most critical regions of the world, as well as partnerships
with the University of Nevada, Las Vegas and Washington University in St. Louis.

BROOKINGS MOUNTAIN WEST

PHOTO: BROOKINGS INDIA

Recognizing the tremendous growth of the Intermountain West and the associated
opportunities and challenges, Brookings established Brookings Mountain West in part-
nership with the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. The centerpiece of the partnership
is a series of weeklong residencies that give Brookings scholars a presence on campus
and in the Las Vegas community throughout the academic year. In addition, Brookings
Executive Director of Brookings India Harsha
experts based in Washington and Las Vegas contribute research on key regional issues,
Singh, Distinguished Fellow Rakesh Mohan,
former Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, such as water and other natural resources, urban planning, and economic growth.
Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitly, and Meru This year, Brookings experts delivering Brookings Mountain West Lectures at
Gokhale of Penguin India (FROM LEFT) at the launch UNLV included Economic Studies Senior Fellow Richard Reeves speaking on his
of Mohan’s book India Transformed: 25 Years of
new book, Dream Horders; Foreign Policy Senior Fellow Vanda Felbab-Brown talking
Economic Reforms
about Mexico’s drug cartels; Governance Studies Fellow Molly Reynolds discussing
Congressional budgeting; Metropolitan Policy Program Associate Fellow Devashree
Saha examining emissions and economic growth; and Global Economy and Development
Senior Fellow Jeffrey Gutman’s lectures on access in urban transportation.

28
 Tarik Yousef, director of the Brookings Doha Center, moderates a Robert Lang,

PHOTO: UNLV PHOTO SERVICE

panel on prospects for stabilizing Mosul that included Ahab Bdaiwi, Executive Director
Lecturer at Leiden University, and Brookings Doha Center Visiting of Brookings
Fellows Beverley Milton-Edwards and Ranj Alaaldin (FROM LEFT) Mountain West,
(RIGHT) introduces
a Brookings
Lecture at the
PHOTO: BROOKINGS

University of
DOHA CENTER

Nevada, Las Vegas

WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS BROOKINGS DOHA CENTER

AND BROOKINGS The Brookings Doha Center is led by Senior Fellow Tarik Yousef
Since 2008, Brookings has partnered with the Olin School of and its research agenda covers a wide range of regional political,
Business at Washington University in St. Louis to deliver on Robert economic, and security issues. From on-the-ground interviews in
S. Brookings’s original desire to “teach the art of handling problems Iraq to economic analysis of the Gulf crisis to fieldwork in Tunisia,
rather than simply impart accumulated knowledge.” Staying true Morocco, Jordan, and Egypt, the Center has focused its research
to that mission and marrying it to the urgent modern mandate and outreach activities on pressing policy issues in the Middle
to improve governance, Brookings Executive Education provides East and North Africa. This year, the Center’s scholars produced
best-in-class training to the federal workforce. reports on topics such as unemployment among Egypt’s youth,
Beyond executive education, this year Brookings hosted women’s employment in the Arab world, entrepreneurship as a way
WashU’s McDonnell Academy Scholars—a network of future to increase inclusive growth, transitional justice, and counterter-
global leaders—during their Washington residency, and the rorism in the Sinai Peninsula, among others.
McDonnell Academy will host the inaugural dialogue in the The Brookings Doha Center also maintains an active events
Debating American Internationalism series. Additionally, Brookings schedule featuring discussions with leading regional experts and
economists and social policy experts at the Brown School are study- its own scholars, as well as Washington-based Brookings experts.
ing alienation among the underemployed in America’s heartland. Recent events included policy discussions on the conflict in Syria,
Russia’s role in the region, India’s relationship with the Middle
BROOKINGS-TSINGHUA CENTER East, the constitutional referendum in Turkey, President Trump’s
first 100 days in office, and a panel of regional experts expounding
Under the leadership of Senior Fellow Qi Ye, the Brookings-
on the implications of the Gulf crisis.
Tsinghua Center in Beijing produces high-impact policy research
on critical economic and social issues in China’s development
and U.S.-China relations. Through a comprehensive program BROOKINGS INDIA CENTER
of research, publications, public events, and private roundtables Brookings India in New Delhi is led by Chairman Vikram Singh
and seminars, the Center’s experts provide insights and policy Mehta and Executive Director Harsha Vardhana Singh. It serves as a
recommendations that resonate with policymakers in Beijing, platform for cutting-edge, independent, policy-relevant research and
Washington, and throughout East Asia. analysis on the opportunities and challenges facing India and the
Over the last year, the Brookings-Tsinghua Center published world. Brookings India’s research agenda focuses on key economic,
thoughtful analysis of topics including China’s role in curbing security, and social policy questions, as well as India’s relationship
North Korea’s nuclear ambitions, energy management, promoting with the United States and its foreign policy more broadly.
good governance, and Chinese investment in Latin America. The Recent work by Brookings India experts includes examina-
Center also held a series of events that focused on critical issues tions of Trump-era India-U.S. relations, India’s efforts to advance
such as China’s responses to the Paris climate agreement, Chinese its interests in East and Southeast Asia, energy and climate,
contributions to global governance, the rise of the Renminbi, and voting systems, gender issues, trade, the financial sector, and
Sino-U.S. relations under the Trump Administration. public health. Brookings India’s events calendar featured public
and closed discussions of the power sector and renewable energy,
multilateral trade diplomacy, counterterrorism in South Asia, tax
policy, and the growing middle class.

29
 I N T E R N AT I O N A L A D V I S O R Y C O U N C I L
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

A CO U NTRY AN D A
WO RLD I N TR ANSITI O N

Members of the International Advisory

Council vote on options for responding
to a theoretical Syrian chemical weapons
strike in an interactive crisis simulation
of a National Security Council meeting TT he International Advisory Council is an important part of the intellectual life
of Brookings. Its 32 members hail from 24 countries across the world, bringing
a critical international perspective to the issues and acting as global ambassadors for
Brookings’s work. Now in its 12th year, the International Advisory Council convenes
annually in Washington for briefings from senior policymakers and interactive discus-
sions with experts from outside and inside Brookings on the most pressing economic
and security topics facing decisionmakers in government and the private sector.
The 2017 annual meeting of the International Advisory Council came as
President Trump was transitioning to governance after his surprising victory in a
divisive and volatile campaign. As the new administration began to implement the
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

president’s priorities, members of the Council had the opportunity to probe how this
unconventional president is managing the many and varied threats that face America
and the world.
Over the course of three days together, the International Advisory Council
examined responses to ongoing international challenges—ISIS and the persistent
civil war in Syria, North Korea’s nuclear threat, Russia’s geopolitical ambitions and
meddling in democratic elections, China’s continuing rise, and the ongoing strains
on European integration. They spent time on U.S. domestic issues, too, including
Former U.S. President William J.
Clinton shares memories of his prospects for tax reform, governmental ethics, media coverage of the White House,
friendship with Strobe Talbott at a the U.S. economy, immigration, and criminal justice. Members of the Council also
dinner honoring Talbott’s tenure as engaged in an interactive simulation of a National Security Council meeting to deter-
Brookings President mine how to respond to a hypothetical Syrian chemical weapons attack.
Looking ahead to the 2018 annual meeting, the International Advisory Council
will once again engage with Brookings scholars, external experts, and leading policy-
makers to exchange views on the biggest challenges facing the world order.

30
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

CIA Director Mike Pompeo (LEFT) discusses threats to

U.S. security with Senior Fellow Bruce Riedel at the
2017 International Advisory Council meeting

I N T E R N AT I O N A L A DV I S O RY CO U N C I L M E M B E R S

Antoine W. van Agtmael J. Jon Imaz Javier Monzón

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Co-Chairman of the IAC CEO Spain
Senior Adviser Repsol
Garten Rothkopf Spain José Oliu Creus
United States President
Nobuyori Kodaira Banc Sabadell
Paul Desmarais, Jr. Executive Vice President Spain
Co-Chairman of the IAC Member of the Board of Directors
Chairman and Co-CEO Toyota Motor Corporation Victor Pinchuk
Power Corporation of Canada Japan Founder
Canada EastOne Ltd.
Frank Lowy Ukraine
Mohammed Mahfoodh Alardhi Co-Founder
Executive Chairman Westfield Group Patrick Pouyanné
Investcorp International Inc. Australia Chairman and CEO
Oman Total S.A.
Stefano Lucchini France
Rahul Bajaj Head of International & Co-Chair of the International Advisory Council
Chairman Regulatory Affairs Marian Puig
and Brookings Trustee Paul Desmarais
Bajaj Auto Limited Intesa Sanpaolo EXEA
India Italy Spain

Hakeem Belo-Osagie Andrónico Luksic Itamar Rabinovich

Chairman Vice Chairman President
Israel Institute
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Etisalat Nigeria Banco de Chile

Nigeria Chile Bronfman Distinguished
Nonresident Senior Fellow
George David Philip Mallinckrodt The Brookings Institution
Chairman Group Head of Wealth Management Israel
Coca-Cola Hellenic Bottling Schroders PLC
Company United Kingdom Royal Dutch Shell
Greece Netherlands
Jorge Mandelbaum
Sir Mick Davis Chairman of the Advisory Board SK holdings Co. Ltd.
Founding Partner CIPPEC (Center for the South Korea
X2 Resources Limited Implementation of Public Policy) Kihak Sung
United Kingdom Argentina Chairman and CEO
Haluk Dinçer Honorable John Manley, P.C. Youngone Corporation
President, Retail and Insurance O.C. South Korea
Sabancı Holding Chair, CIBC Marcus Wallenberg
Turkey President and CEO International Advisory Council member
Chairman
Business Council of Canada Skandinaviska Enskilda Andrónico Luksic
Pablo González Guajardo Canada
Chief Executive Officer Banken AB
Kimberly-Clark de México Shmuel Meitar Sweden
Mexico Chairman and Founder Yuanqing Yang
Aurec Capital Chairman and CEO
Antti Herlin Israel
Chairman of the Board Lenovo
KONE Corporation Jaime J. Montealegre China
Finland President Dieter Zetsche
Sigma Management, S.A. Chairman
Costa Rica Daimler Corporation
Germany

31
 SUPPORT FOR BROOKINGS
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

N E W I NVE STM ENTS

D RIVE I N D EPEN D ENT
RE SE ARCH

Executive Vice President Martin Indyk,

Trustee Leonard Schaeffer, and
President Strobe Talbott (FROM LEFT)

TT he generosity of the many donors who support Brookings is indispensable to

the high-quality, high-impact, independent research for which the Institution
has been known for more than a century. These individuals, foundations, corpora-
tions, and other organizations provide essential resources that make it possible for
Brookings experts to pursue a wide-ranging program of in-depth analysis and policy
recommendations to meet the most difficult challenges facing decisionmakers in
Washington, across the nation, and around the world. Brookings is grateful to the
people and institutions that share our commitment to improving governance through
evidence-based, non-partisan policy research.

SECOND CENTURY CAMPAIGN SURPASSES GOAL

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Brookings launched the Second Century Campaign in 2009 to bring new resources
that would strengthen the financial foundation of the Institution and ensure that our
mission and values would endure. The Campaign’s goals were organized around the
three core principles that guide everything Brookings scholars do: ensuring quality
research, sustaining the independence of our work, and maximizing its impact. The
Second Century Campaign was comprehensive, so it also included efforts to increase
Trustee Abby Joseph Cohen, restricted project funding, as well as the critical unrestricted funds that underpin
vice chair of the Nominations and our work.
Governance Committee
The Campaign’s financial goal was set at $600 million—the largest-ever cam-
paign by a think tank. Under the leadership of Campaign Chair and Vice Chair of
the Brookings Board Glenn Hutchins, Brookings raised more than $670 million
over the course of the Campaign, surpassing the goal by a wide margin. Success
is measured by more than just the total funds raised. The key metric is the new

32
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Members of the Brookings Society with President

Strobe Talbott (CENTER), and Co-Chairs of the Board
David Rubenstein (LEFT) and John Thornton (RIGHT)
at the 2017 Brookings Society Summit

endowed chairs, new fellowships, new centers and initiatives, and new tools for John Hazen White Global
impact that these resources make possible. These enhanced capabilities contribute Manufacturing Initiative
to a stronger Brookings that is better positioned to fulfill our mission.
Manufacturing is a vital driver of innova-
At the heart of Brookings’s commitment to high-quality independent research
tion and economic development around
are our dedicated scholars and the innovative thinking they bring to the most daunt-
the world, comprising around 12 percent
ing policy challenges. Ensuring that Brookings can attract and retain the best policy
of U.S. Gross Domestic Product and even
minds in a competitive field requires significant resources and so increasing the
higher proportions in many other coun-
number of endowed chairs and other durable scholar positions was a principal focus tries. But, new manufacturing approaches
of the Campaign. As a result, Brookings established five new endowed chairs, four and robotics are significantly altering how
dedicated to East Asia and one to tax policy. In addition, Brookings launched eight goods are produced and the sector faces
new multiyear fellowship programs that bolster capacity across a range of disciplines, a number of challenges related to energy
along with five program or center endowments that contribute funds to ensure sus- costs, regulation, standard-setting, and
tainability in key areas. workforce development.
In a fast-changing policy environment, being able to respond nimbly to breaking
events with thoughtful analysis and practical recommendations is a core strength. In order to help understand these
Strategic initiatives funds in the executive office and the research programs give challenges and develop practical
Brookings the flexibility to provide immediate analysis when a sudden crisis arises policy recommendations to overcome
that cannot wait for dedicated project funds to be raised. Likewise, these ver- them, Brookings Trustee John White
established the John Hazen White
satile funds enable Brookings to take advantage when unexpected opportunities
Global Manufacturing Initiative with an
for impact present themselves or new scholars become available for recruitment.
endowment gift. The Initiative will expand
These special funds also allow the programs to launch new research efforts that
the work of the John Hazen White, Jr.
can establish a track record of success to build upon.
Policy Forum, which he established in 2012
Brookings places great emphasis on ensuring that the
to create a platform for serious discussion
research, analysis, and policy recommendations that our experts
by policymakers, business leaders, and
produce reach influential audiences in government, the media,
other stakeholders of key issues in
and the public. Technologies and platforms for sharing and manufacturing. The resources provided
disseminating information have evolved tremendously over by this gift will make possible a broader
the last several years, and an important component of the research program, collaborative work
Campaign centered on adopting and expanding our use of with colleagues across Brookings, and an
these new tools. Through a new podcast studio, a rede- enhanced outreach and dissemination
signed website, an enhanced creative studio, and other strategy to bring sound policy
investments, Brookings is committed to achieving ideas for strengthening
maximum impact. manufacturing into the
public debate.
Trustee
John Hazen White, Jr.
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

33
 Brookings Welcomes Eight New Trustees
Brookings elected eight new Trustees to the Board

PHOTO: SARAH MERIANS

in 2017. They join a distinguished group of business,
community, and academic leaders who help govern
the affairs of the Institution. The Board, which meets Trustee Cheryl
three times annually, directs the management of the Cohen Effron
Institution, approves the fields of scholarly inves-
tigation, and safeguards the independence of the
Institution’s work. Brookings warmly welcomes its
newest members to the Board of Trustees.

PHOTO: COURTESY OF CATHY MINEHAN

PHOTO: AARON CLAMAGE

ENGAGING THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN

Jason Cummins Cathy Minehan
Head of Economic Research Managing Director
BROOKINGS’S WORK
Brevan Howard Asset Arlington Advisory Partners The Brookings Council is the principal group of donors who contrib-
Management
ute unrestricted support to Brookings. The annual gifts of general
operating funds from the engaged individuals and corporations who
make up the Council play a vital role in Brookings’s success. The
PHOTO: COURTESY OF NEIL SHEN
PHOTO: T. ROWE PRICE STAFF

resources contributed by these donors sustain the infrastructure that

makes the work of Brookings experts possible and enable the broad
research agenda to address issues that are not yet in the headlines.
Since its founding in 1983, the Council has been deeply
engaged in Brookings’s work through an annual program of scholar
events, briefings, and conference calls that provide deeper insight
Brian Rogers Neil Shen
into the work of Brookings experts and allow them to share their
Chairman Founding Managing Partner
T. Rowe Price Sequoia Capital China own perspectives on the most pressing issues of the day. Last year
the Council calendar included more than 30 events in seven cities
PHOTO: COURTESY OF NICOLE PULLEN ROSS

across the country that featured some of Brookings’s top schol-

ars. Among the highlights were simultaneous viewings of the first
presidential debate in New York and San Francisco that featured
real-time analysis and discussion with Brookings experts, a discus-
PHOTO: ROLAND LANE

sion of social mobility with Senior Fellow and Co-Director of the

Center on Children and Families Richard Reeves, a conversation
with Senior Fellow Joshua Meltzer on the U.S. and international
trade, and an analysis of U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East with
Aditya Mittal Nicole Pullen Ross Senior Fellow Tamara Cofman Wittes.
Group CFO and CEO Managing Director
ArcelorMittal Europe Goldman, Sachs & Co.
PHOTO: DIANA BARBATTI
PHOTO: COURTESY OF ERCUMENT TOKAT
PHOTO: COURTESY OF KRISHEN SUD

Krishen Sud Ercument Tokat

Founder Partner
Members of the Brookings Council watch the first presidential debate
Sivik Global Healthcare, Inc. Centerview Partners
in San Francisco ahead of a discussion with Economic Studies Fellow
Aaron Klein and Governance Studies Senior Fellow Thomas Mann

34
 SUPPORT FOR
BROOKINGS
PHOTO: RALPH ALSWANG Co-Chair of
the Board
David Rubenstein

David M. Rubenstein Fellowships

Attract New Talent
One of the core goals of the Brookings 2.0 strategic plan
is to rejuvenate and diversify the Institution’s scholar
ranks. To help achieve this goal, Co-Chair of the Board

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

David Rubenstein made a pivotal gift to establish a new
fellowship program that would enable Brookings to recruit
Vice Chair of the Board
early- and mid-career experts from the U.S. and abroad Suzanne Nora Johnson
for two-year terms. The Rubenstein Fellows will bring
new ideas to the key governance challenges of the 21st
Century through in-depth research and analysis leading
to smart policy recommendations. Their work will be
disseminated using advanced communications tools and
other means designed to maximize the reach and impact
of their scholarship.
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Rubenstein Fellows will be appointed to one or more of

Brookings’s five research programs and will be encouraged
to foster collaboration across the Institution. Rubenstein
Fellows are selected from a highly competitive applicant
pool for their exceptional capacity for critical and expan-
sive thinking, an openness to multi-disciplinary approaches
to complex issues, and a passion for making a real differ-
ence on the issues and problems that confront society,
domestically and internationally.

The first class of Fellows began their tenure at Brookings

in September 2017 and they have already become an
Trustee Victor Hymes (LEFT) and Senator John McCain (R-AZ)
important part of the intellectual life of the Institution.

• Randall Akee, Economic Studies

• Scott R. Anderson, Governance Studies
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

• Dany Bahar, Global Economy and Development

• Marcus Casey, Economic Studies

• Ryan Hass, Foreign Policy

• Makada Henry-Nickie, Governance Studies

• Andre M. Perry, Metropolitan Policy Program

• Alina Polyakova, Foreign Policy

• Jenny Schuetz, Metropolitan Policy Program

• Landry Signé, Global Economy and Development

Brookings Society Co-Chair Katherine Harris and member
Adem Bunkedekko (RIGHT)

35
 Trustee Ann Fudge
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Strobe Talbott Steps Down as

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

President of Brookings after 15 Years
In January 2017, Brookings announced that Strobe
Talbott would step down in October as president
of the Institution after 15 years. During his time
at the helm, Brookings expanded tremendously
to meet the growing demand for rigorous, inde-
pendent research on public policy issues. Since
Brookings President
Strobe joined Brookings in 2002, Brookings added
Strobe Talbott speaks
two full research programs—the Metropolitan Policy at a dinner in honor of
Program and Global Economy and Development—and his 15 years of leading
launched overseas centers in Doha, Beijing, and New the Institution
Delhi. He also led the creation of the International
Advisory Council, which has grown to 32 members from 24 countries on six
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

continents and has established a prominent place in the intellectual life of

the Institution. Working closely with Second Century Campaign Chair Glenn
Hutchins, Strobe oversaw a comprehensive fundraising effort that brought
more than $670 million in new resources to Brookings.

Throughout his tenure, Strobe fostered scholarship of the highest quality.

He cultivated an atmosphere of academic freedom that encouraged scholars
to think innovatively about the challenges facing society and how effec-
tive public policy could help address them. He remained keenly focused on
impact, recognizing that Brookings scholarship is only as valuable as the
audiences that see it. For this reason, he spearheaded the use of new com-
munication technologies and platforms that enabled Brookings scholars to
reach key policymakers, influential media, and the public at large with smart
analysis and practical policy recommendations.

Although he is stepping down from the presidency of the Institution,

Strobe is joining the Foreign Policy program, where he will focus on critical
issues in global governance. In that capacity, he will remain a vital part of
the Brookings family.

Trustee Antoine van Agtmael, co-chair of the Strobe will be succeeded by John R. Allen, a
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

International Advisory Council retired U.S. Marine Corps four-star general and
former commander of NATO’s International
Security Assistance Force and United States
Forces in Afghanistan. Prior to his appointment as
the eighth leader in Brookings’s 101-year history,
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Allen was a distinguished fellow in the Foreign

Policy program. He most recently served as special
John R. Allen, incoming presidential envoy to the global coalition to
president of the counter ISIL and, prior to that, as senior advisor to
Brookings Institution the secretary of defense on Middle East Security.
His nearly 38-year military career included multi-
ple command and staff positions in the Marine Corps and Joint Force. Allen
graduated with military honors from the U.S. Naval Academy and holds
master’s degrees from Georgetown University, the Defense Intelligence
College, and the National War College.

Trustees Kenneth Jacobs, Ben Jacobs, and

Brian Greenspun (RIGHT)

36
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

SUPPORT FOR
BROOKINGS
Co-Chair of the Board
John Thornton and Trustee
Tracy Wolstencroft (RIGHT)

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

The Brookings Society was founded in 2012 to create opportunities for early-
and mid-career professionals to nurture their interest in public policy and get them
involved in the Institution’s work. With more than 80 members in four principal
chapters, the centerpiece of the Society’s event calendar is the annual Society Summit.
The 2017 Summit included an interactive simulation of the federal budgeting process
using the Fiscal Ship video game developed by the Hutchins Center on Fiscal and Vice Chair of the Board and
Monetary Policy, a discussion of politics and society with Governance Studies Fellow Chair of the Second Century
Vanessa Williamson, and regional breakout working groups on the Middle East, Campaign Glenn Hutchins
Russia and Europe, China, and emerging economies in Asia and Latin America. The
Summit is held in conjunction with the spring meeting of the Brookings Board and
provides significant opportunities for networking with Trustees and the Institution’s

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

leadership, from which all benefit greatly.
Like the Brookings Council, the Society gathers in person and on confer-
ence calls throughout the year for in-depth discussions with Brookings scholars
on a range of pressing topics. This year’s calendar included conversations with
Senior Fellow Carol Graham on her work and her new book, Happiness for All?,
and on the future of the transatlantic alliance with Robert Bosch Senior Fellow
Constanze Stelzenmüller. Senior Fellow and Director of the Center for Effective
Public Management Elaine Kamarck and Senior Fellow John Hudak previewed the
Trump Administration after the election for the Society and they received a progress
report on its first 100 days from Hudak and Fellow Molly Reynolds.
Trustee Arne Sorenson
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Trustees Art Collins, chair of

the Development Committee,
and Bea Welters (RIGHT)

37
 IN MEMORIAM

William T. Coleman, Jr. Lois Rice

William Coleman served on the Lois Rice came to Brookings in
Brookings Board for 42 years, 1991 as the Miriam Carliner Guest

PHOTO: AARON CLAMAGE

PHOTO: RALPH ALSWANG

including 20 years as a member of Scholar in Economic Studies, where
the Executive Committee. Coleman she focused on issues in education
was an attorney who contributed to policy. She played a critical role in
three major civil rights cases before developing and implementing the
the Supreme Court, including the Pell Grant program. She served on
landmark Brown vs. Board of Education. He also served as the Carnegie Council on Higher Education and chaired the
Secretary of Transportation during the Ford Administration. Visiting Committee to the African American Studies program
His memoir, Counsel for the Situation: Shaping the Law to at Harvard. She was instrumental in creating and leading the
Realize America's Promise, was published by the Brookings Think Tank Diversity Consortium, which works to increase
Institution Press in 2010. PHOTO: BROOKINGS INSTITUTION ARCHIVES
minority hiring in the field of public policy research.

Robert Lindsay Ralph Saul

Robert Lindsay joined Brookings as a Ralph Saul served on the Brookings
security guard in 2002 after serving Board of Trustees from 1982 through
PHOTO: RALPH ALSWANG

24 years as a special police officer 2009 and was vice chair from 1985
in the Washington area. In 2007, he through 1991. He was a member
became a member of the Brookings of the Development Committee,
facilities team, where he worked chairing it from 1987 through 1992,
through the spring of 2016. He was as well as the Investment, Audit, and
widely known and admired by all who came into contact with Nominating Committees during his tenure on the Board. He
him and he embodied Brookings’s dedication to civil dis- was chairman of the CIGNA Corporation. He began his career
course, mutual respect, and professionalism. as a foreign service officer in Prague and later was assistant
counsel to the governor of New York. Saul also served on the
Securities and Exchange Commission and was later presi-
Pietro Nivola dent of the American Stock Exchange.

Pietro Nivola was a senior fellow

PHOTO: BROOKINGS INSTITUTION ARCHIVES

in Governance Studies from 1993
PHOTO: RALPH ALSWANG

Charles Schultze
until 2013, including serving as Vice
President from 2004 through 2008. Charles Schultze was a Senior Fellow
He held the Douglas Dillon Chair for in Economic Studies for over 45
many years. He published numerous years, including serving as director
books and articles on subjects rang- of the program from 1987 through
ing from energy regulation and environmental protection to 1990. He published dozens of articles
trade and industrial policy, urban problems, federalism, and and books, including Memos to the
American national politics. In his memory, Brookings estab- President and was co-editor of the
lished the Pietro S. Nivola Internship in Governance Studies. Setting National Priorities series. Prior to Brookings, he
was assistant director of the Bureau of the Budget in the
Kennedy Administration and director under the Johnson
Administration. Under President Carter, he was Chairman of
the Council of Economic Advisors.

38
 PHOTO: SARAH MERIANS

SUPPORT FOR
BROOKINGS
Trustee Alan Batkin introduces
a panel discussion following
the first presidential debate
that featured Senior Fellow
Michael O’Hanlon of Foreign
Policy, Fellow Molly Reynolds of
Governance Studies, and Senior
Fellow William Galston, the
Ezra K. Zilkha Chair (FROM LEFT)

PHOTO: SARAH MERIANS

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Co-Chair of
the Board
John Thornton
(LEFT) and
Trustee Paul
Desmarais, Jr.,
co-chair of the
International
Advisory Brookings Council member Gordon Pattee
Council
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

PHOTO: JORGE RIVERA GARCÍA

Trustee
Ben Jacobs,
Chair of
the Budget
and Finance
Committee
Trustee James Johnson Trustees David Weinberg and
Pete Higgins (RIGHT)
PHOTO: JORGE RIVERA GARCÍA

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Trustee Philip Knight

Learn more about getting involved with Brookings.

Visit brookings.edu/development
Trustees Robert Abernethy and Helene Gayle (RIGHT)

39
BROOKINGS INSTITUTION
EXECUTIVE LEADERSHIP

Strobe Talbott
President

Martin Indyk
Executive Vice President
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Irena Barisic
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer,
Strobe Talbott
and Treasurer

Steven Bennett
Vice President and Chief Operating Officer

Kim Churches
Managing Director
PHOTO: MOSHE ZUSMAN
PHOTO: DAY WALTERS

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Kemal Derviş
Vice President and Director, Global Economy
and Development
Martin Indyk Irena Barisic Steven Bennett The Edward M. Bernstein Scholar

Ona Alston Dosunmu

Vice President and General Counsel
PHOTO: BROOKINGS INSTITUTION

Ted Gayer
Vice President and Director, Economic Studies
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

Joseph A. Pechman Senior Fellow

Bruce Jones
Vice President and Director, Foreign Policy
Kim Churches Kemal Derviş Ona Dosunmu
Amy Liu
Vice President and Director, Metropolitan
Policy Program
The Adeline M. and Alfred I. Johnson Chair in
Urban and Metropolitan Policy
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

David Nassar
Vice President for Communications

Darrell West
Ted Gayer Bruce Jones Amy Liu
Vice President and Director, Governance Studies
The Douglas Dillon Chair
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI
PHOTO: PAUL MORIGI

David Nassar Darrell West

40
 BOARD OF TRUSTEES

John L. Thornton Jason Cummins Brian Rogers HONORARY TRUSTEES

Chair of the Board Head of Economic Research Chairman
Brookings Brevan Howard Asset T. Rowe Price
Chairman Management Liaquat Ahamed James A. Johnson, chair
James Rogers Former Chief Executive emeritus
Barrick Gold Corporation Alan M. Dachs Retired Chairman and CEO Officer Chairman
Glenn Hutchins President and CEO Duke Energy Fischer Francis Trees and Johnson Capital Partners
Vice Chair of the Board Fremont Group Watts, Inc.
Nicole Pullen Ross Ann Dibble Jordan
Brookings Feng Deng Managing Director Zoë Baird
Chairman Founder Vernon E. Jordan Jr.
Goldman, Sachs & Co. President
North Island Northern Light Venture Capital Of Counsel
David M. Rubenstein The Markle Foundation Akin Gump Strauss Hauer &
Suzanne Nora Johnson Paul Desmarais, Jr. Co-Founder and Co-CEO Richard C. Blum Feld, LLP
Vice Chair of the Board
Chairman and Co-CEO The Carlyle Group Chairman and President
Brookings Richard A. Kimball Jr.
Power Corporation of Canada Blum Capital Partners, LP
Former Vice Chairman Victoria P. Sant Founder and CEO
Goldman, Sachs & Co. Kenneth M. Duberstein President Louis W. Cabot, chair HEXL
Chairman and CEO The Summit Foundation emeritus
Strobe Talbott Nemir Kirdar
The Duberstein Group, Inc. Chairman
President Leonard D. Schaeffer Chairman
Brookings Cheryl Cohen Effron Founding Chairman and CEO Cabot-Wellington LLC Investcorp
Founder WellPoint Kenneth W. Dam
Robert J. Abernethy Klaus Kleinfeld
Conjunction Fund Max Pam Professor of
President Peter Scher
Alfonso Fanjul American & Foreign Law Donald F. McHenry
American Standard Chairman of the Washington
Chairman and CEO University of Chicago Distinguished Professor in the
Development Co., Inc. D.C. Region & Head of
Fanjul Corp. and Florida Law School Practice of Diplomacy and
Paul M. Achleitner Corporate Responsibility
Crystals Corporation International Affairs
Non-Executive Chairman JPMorgan Chase & Co. Steven A. Denning School of Foreign Service
Deutsche Bank AG Bart Friedman Neil Shen Chairman Georgetown University
Senior Partner Founding Managing Partner General Atlantic
Dominic Barton Rajan Bharti Mittal
Cahill Gordon & Reindel Sequoia Capital China Vishakha N. Desai Ph.D.
Global Managing Director Vice Chairman
McKinsey & Company, Inc. Ellen V. Futter Special Advisor for Global Bharti Enterprises Limited
Arne M. Sorenson
President Affairs
Robert M. Bass President and CEO Mario M. Morino
American Museum of Natural Columbia University
President Marriott International, Inc. Co-Founder and Chairman
History Thomas E. Donilon
Keystone Group, L.P. Krishen Sud Venture Philanthropy Partners
Helene D. Gayle Former U.S. National Security
Alan R. Batkin Founder Thomas C. Ramey
CEO Advisor
Chairman Sivik Global Healthcare, Inc. Former Chairman
McKinsey Social Initiative Senior Partner
Converse Associates, Inc. Michael L. Tipsord O’Melveny and Myers Liberty International, Liberty
Brian L. Greenspun President & CEO Mutual Group
Crandall Bowles Lawrence K. Fish
Chairman and CEO State Farm Insurance Companies
Chairman Former Chairman and CEO Steven Rattner
Greenspun Media Group
The Springs Company Andrew H. Tisch Citizens Financial Group, Inc. Chairman
Pete Higgins Co-Chairman of the Board Willett Advisors LLC
Hanzade Doğan Boyner Cyrus F. Freidheim, Jr.
Founding Partner and Chairman of the
Vice Chairwoman Chairman Edgar Rios
Second Avenue Partners Executive Committee
Doğan Holding Şirketler Old Harbour Partners, LLC Co-Founder and Managing
Grubu A.Ş. Victor L. Hymes Loews Corporation Director
Chief Executive Officer and David Friend Wenzi Capital Partners
Paul L. Cejas Ercument Tokat CEO
Chief Investment Officer Partner
Chairman BlueArchive, Inc. James D. Robinson III
Legato Capital Management LLC Centerview Partners
PLC Investments, Inc. General Partner and
Benjamin R. Jacobs Ann M. Fudge Co-Founder
W. Edmund Clark Antoine W. van Agtmael Former Chairman and CEO
Senior Advisor/Founder Senior Adviser RRE Ventures
Retired Executive Young & Rubicam Brands
The JBG Companies Garten Rothkopf
TD Bank Group Haim Saban
Kenneth M. Jacobs Former Chairman Henry Louis Gates, Jr. Chairman and CEO
Abby Joseph Cohen Ashmore EMM, LLC Director, Hutchins Center for
Chairman and CEO Saban Capital Group, Inc.
Advisory Director; and Senior African & African American
Lazard David B. Weinberg Michael P. Schulhof
Investment Strategist Research
Goldman, Sachs & Co. Philip H. Knight Chairman & CEO Harvard University Chairman and CEO
Founder Judd Enterprises Global Technology
Betsy Z. Cohen William A. Haseltine Ph.D.
Nike, Inc. Beatrice W. Welters Investments
Founder & Strategic Advisor President
The Bancorp Sara Grootwassink Lewis Founder and Co-Chairperson The Haseltine Foundation Lynn Thoman
CEO AnBryce Foundation Chairman Co-Chair
Arthur R. Collins
Lewis Corporate Advisors, LLC John H. White, Jr. Haseltine Global Health, LLC Leon Lowenstein Foundation
Managing Partner
theGROUP Cathy Minehan President and CEO Teresa Heinz Larry D. Thompson
Managing Director Taco, Inc. Chairman Lawyer
Howard Cox
Special Limited Partner Arlington Advisory Partners Tracy R. Wolstencroft Heinz Family Foundation Stephen M. Wolf
Greylock Aditya Mittal President & CEO Joel Z. Hyatt Managing Partner
Group CFO and CEO Heidrick and Struggles Chairman, CEO and Alpilles, Inc.
Susan Crown
Chairman and Founder ArcelorMittal Europe Daniel Yergin Co-Founder Ezra K. Zilkha
The Susan Crown Exchange James Murren Vice-Chairman Globality, Inc. President
Chairman and CEO Chairman and CEO IHS, Inc. Shirley Ann Jackson Ph.D. Zilkha & Sons, Inc.
Owl Creek Partners MGM Resorts International Daniel B. Zwirn President
Arthur B. Culvahouse, Jr. Laxman Narasimhan CEO and Chief Investment Rensselaer Polytechnic
Chairman Emeritus CEO Officer Institute
O’Melveny & Myers LLP PepsiCo Latin America Arena Investors LP

41
PROGRAM LEADERSHIP
COUNCILS

E ach of Brookings’s five research programs has established a Program Leadership Council to provide business, community, and phil-
E anthropic leaders opportunities to engage in substantive conversations on policy issues and help maximize the impact of Brookings’s
independent research. The Councils convene throughout the year for briefings from senior policymakers and Brookings experts, conference
calls, and other activities focused on policy.

Economic Studies Council Foreign Policy Leadership John L. Thornton Metropolitan Council
Council Antoine van Agtmael
Jason Cummins, Chair Sharon Alpert
Sadek Wahba
H. Rodgin Cohen, Vice Chair Jonathan E. Colby, Co-Chair Rebecca Arbogast
David B. Weinberg
Sandeep Arora Benjamin R. Jacobs, Co-Chair Alexis Bataillon
Nick Welch
Greg Baer Dominic Barton Robert Bauer
Poju Zabludowicz
Ken Bentsen Alan R. Batkin Xavier de Souza Briggs
Arshad Zakaria
Fritz Bittenbender Wael Bayazid Mark Cafferty
Seamus Brown Matthias Berninger Valerie Chang
Jason Cole Jeffrey Boyd
Global Leadership Council Don Chen
Julia Coronado Charles Bronfman Suzanne Nora Johnson, Chair Arthur R. Collins
Scott Evans Paul L. Cejas Yavuz Ahiska David Egner
Jason Gold Ronald Cohen Yonca Brunini Travers Garvin
Lorenzo Giorgianni Howard Cox Lou Anne King Jensen Bob Giloth
Jameel A. Johnson Jason Cummins Tawfic Khoury Joanne Harrell
Ann Kappler Alan M. Dachs Jonathan Schaffzin Phillip Henderson
George Kellner Mick Davis Ercument Tokat Pete Higgins
David Lichtenstein Feng Deng Don Howard
Dean Maki Hugo Doyle Governance Studies Victor Hymes
Matt Miller Ronald I. Dozoretz Council Robert Jaquay
Hidemoto Mizuhara Alfonso Fanjul David Johnson
Cory Alexander
Barbara Novick Theresa M. Fariello James A. Johnson
Rebecca Arbogast
Roberto Perli Robert Fee Tom Kaplan
Daniel (Dan) Berger
Christopher Pernie Rajiv K. Fernando Monica Keany
William (Bill) D. Budinger
Andrew Plepler Lawrence K. Fish Richard Kimball
Daniel Cruise
Nancy Prior David I. Fisher Darcie Kiper
Jay W. Eisenhofer
Chris Rokos Lee Folger Alicia Kitsuse
Gary L. Ginsberg
Wilbur Ross Bart Friedman Jamie Merisotis
Fred Humphries
Mark Spindel Susie and Michael Gelman Josh Moskowitz
Bill Kamela
Paul Schott Stevens Vartan Gregorian Henrik Nolmark
Carol Melton
Carl Tannebaum Andrew Gundlach Esra Ozer
Heath Morrison
Michael Tipsord Roger Hertog Andrew Plepler
R. Hewitt Pate
Vivek Tulpule Suzanne Nora Johnson Rip Rapson
John Piescik
David Zervos Samer Khoury Christine Richards
Sage Rhodes
Michael Klein Kimberly Roberson
Edgar Rios
Robert A. Kotick Mary Skelton Roberts
Peter Scher
Edward M. Lamont Louis Salkind
Kenny D. Thompson, Jr.
Jeffrey D. Lapin Peter Scher
Stephanie Valencia
Daniel Lubetzky Jewel Scott
Claude Wasserstein
Daniel Lufkin Lee Sheehy
Seymour and Kate Weingarten
John G. Macfarlane Thomas A. Stewart
John White, Jr.
Sharon Nazarian Deidre Swesnik
Ezra Zilkha
Richard B. Nye Nicole Tremblett
Ozan M. Ozkural Antoine van Agtmael
John G. Popp Jeffrey Walker
Joseph L. Rice Orson Watson
Stephen Robert John O. Wynne
David M. Rubenstein
Haim Saban
Rangu Salgame
Joseph N. Sanberg
William A. Shutzer
Ramez Sousou
David S. Steiner
Krishen Sud

42
 HONOR ROLL

Cash, Contracts, and In-Kind Contributions

July 1, 2016 – June 30, 2017

$2,000,000 and Above Japan International Cooperation Agency Drexel University SK holdings
Charles Koch Foundation Cheryl Cohen Effron and Arne and Ruth Sorenson
Steve and Roberta Denning Blair W. Effron
National Science Foundation Tom Steyer and Kat Taylor
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Northrup Grumman Corporation Facebook Krishen Sud
The Hutchins Family Foundation
Pivotal Ventures Alfonso Fanjul Toyota
JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Schlosstein-Hartley Family David and Marianna Fisher UN University World Institute for
Embassy of the State of Qatar Development Economics Research
Foundation Mark T. Gallogly and
Eric E. Schmidt Elizabeth B. Strickler U.S. Central Command
$1,000,000–$1,999,999 Eric S. Schwartz Genentech – A Member of U.S. Department of the Navy
Robert Bosch Stiftung Searle Freedom Trust The Roche Group David B. and Lynne Weinberg
Carnegie Corporation of New York Skoll Global Threats Fund Pablo R. González Jiyi Weng
The William and Flora Hewlett Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Google Inc. The World Bank Group
Foundation Taipei Economic and Cultural The George Gund Foundation Xcoal Energy & Resources
LEGO Foundation Representative Office in the Andrew Gundlach, Anna-Maria and Jerry Yang
The John D. & Catherine T. United States Stephen Kellen Foundation Chi Zhang
MacArthur Foundation The Urban Institute Heising-Simons Foundation Ezra K. Zilkha
Government of Norway U.S. Department of the Treasury Antti Herlin, KONE Corporation
David M. Rubenstein The Walton Family Foundation Pete Higgins $50,000–$99,999
Cheryl and Haim Saban Wellspring Philanthropic Fund Intel Corporation
Intesa Sanpaolo Anonymous (4)
Leonard D. Schaeffer Tracy R. Wolstencroft
Gail and Benjamin Jacobs Accton Technology Corporation
John L. Thornton
Kenneth M. Jacobs All Nippon Airways Co., Ltd.
$100,000–$249,999
Allen & Company LLC
$500,000–$999,999 Embassy of Japan
Anonymous (4) Asia Cloud Computing Association
The Jenesis Group
Anonymous Robert John Abernethy (ACCA)
James A. Johnson
Australian Government, Department Paul Achleitner and Deutsche Bank AT&T
of Foreign Affairs & Trade Philip Knight
AG Rahul Bajaj
Daniel Berger Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co.
Ahearn Family Foundation Banco de Sabadell S.A.
Brevan Howard Lenovo Group Limited
Mohammed Mahfoodh Alardhi Barr Foundation
Annie E. Casey Foundation Frank P. Lowy
Altman/Kazickas Foundation The Bates Family Foundation
Echidna Giving The Henry Luce Foundation
American Institutes for Research Booz Allen Hamilton
Ford Foundation Lili Lynton BP plc
Australian Government, Department
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation of Industry, Innovation & Science Howard Marks Bristol-Myers Squibb Foundation
The Kresge Foundation Baidu Inc. Mars, Incorporated The Andrea and Charles Bronfman
Liberty Mutual Group Barrick Gold Corporation The McKnight Foundation Philanthropies
Robert C. Pozen and the Ashurst Anne T. and Robert M. Bass Microsoft Corporation California HealthCare Foundation
Foundation Jane and Alan Batkin The MITRE Corporation Center for American Progress
Christopher Rokos BlackRock Financial Management, Aditya Mittal The Civic Council of Greater
State Farm Mutual Automobile Inc. Jaime J. Montealegre Kansas City
Insurance Company The Brown Foundation, Inc. of Charles Stewart Mott Foundation The Clearing House Association
A. Alfred Taubman* Houston Nan Ya Plastics Corporation, America Abby Joseph Cohen
The Andrew H. and Ann R. Tisch Ambassador Paul L. Cejas Office of Director of National Cornerstone Macro
Foundation Central Indiana Corporate Intelligence The Crown Family
Turkish Industry and Business Partnership/BioCrossroads Open Society Foundations Alan and Lauren Dachs
Association (TÜSİAD) Anla Cheng Pearson plc Deloitte LLP
United Arab Emirates Cheniere Energy, Inc. PepsiCo Government of Denmark
UnitedHealth Group, Inc. Chevron Richard Perry Deutsche Gesellschaft für
University of Nevada, Las Vegas Sheldon M. Chumir Foundation for Victor Pinchuk Foundation Internationale Zusammenarbeit
Antoine van Agtmael, Sunrise Ethics in Leadership Ploughshares Fund (GIZ) GmbH/Emerging Market
Foundation Citi Sustainability Dialogues (EMSD)
John G. Popp
Programme/Economic Policy Forum
W. Edmund Clark Pritzker Traubert Family Foundation
$250,000–$499,999 (EPF)
Betsy Z. Cohen Thomas C. Ramey and Perrin Ireland Discovery Capital Management
Anonymous (3) Jonathan E. Colby Repsol Foundation Eberstadt Kuffner Fund
Alcoa Foundation Art Collins Rio Tinto European Recovery Program (ERP),
Laura and John Arnold Foundation The Council for the United States Charles W. Robinson* German Federal Ministry of
Bank of America and Italy The Rockefeller Foundation Economic Affairs and Energy
Richard C. Blum and the Honorable Howard Cox Christopher Rokos (BMWi)
Dianne Feinstein The Nathan Cummings Foundation Robert E. Rubin European Union
Paul Desmarais, Jr. Daimler Victoria and Roger Sant FedEx Corporation
Exxon Mobil Corporation George A. David Peter L. Scher Fidelity Investments
Deng Feng The Davis Foundation Gerald Schwartz and Heather Reisman Government of Finland
FutureWei Technologies, Inc. Haluk Dinçer Securities Industry and Financial Bart Friedman and Wendy A. Stein
The James Irvine Foundation Jian Ding Markets Association Garfield Foundation
The Japan Foundation Center for Hanzade Doğan Boyner, Doğan Group Sequoia Capital China Advisors GE Foundation
Global Partnership Ronald I. Dozoretz, M.D. Limited H&R Block

43
HONOR ROLL

William A. Haseltine $25,000–$49,999 Sharon S. Nazarian, Ph.D. Hitachi, Ltd.

Henry L. Hillman Foundation Lisa O’Kelly ITOCHU International Inc.
Anonymous (3)
I Squared Capital The David and Lucile Packard Douglas M. Kaden
AARP Foundation
Jefferies, LLC Harold Kalishman
Actagon AB
Lou Anne King Jensen Point72 Asset Management Kanter Family Foundation
ACTwireless
Samer Khoury Raytheon Company Cassandra Kelly
Yavuz Ahiska
Michael Klein San Diego Regional Economic Shiv Khemka
AIG Development Corporation
Korea International Trade Association Lee Klingenstein
(KITA) Eileen A. Aptman Sanofi US Robert and Arlene Kogod
David Lichtenstein Aramco Services Company Sumitomo Mitsui Banking The Korea Foundation
Lockheed Martin Corporation Arnhold Foundation Corporation Korea Institute for Defense Analyses
Alexander R.M. Boyle and Elizabeth Tata Group of Companies
Dan W. Lufkin, Peter Jay Sharp Jayne Koskinas Ted Giovanis
B. Roberts Temasek Holdings
Foundation Foundation for Health and Policy
Martin Neil Baily University of Chicago
Philip Mallinckrodt, The Schroder Samantha Lasry-Fleisher
Foundation The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd. University of Toronto Toby Devan Lewis
John Manley Crandall C. Bowles U.S. Department of the Air Force Linklaters LLP, on behalf of the
McGraw-Hill Education Louis W. Cabot U.S. Department of the Army Advancing Good Governance in
Medtronic, Inc. CAF-Development Bank of Visa Inc. International Development Seminar
Latin America LMI Government Consulting
MetLife, Inc. Washington University in St. Louis
Cámara Colombiana de Informática y Bertil P. Lundqvist
Mitsubishi Corporation (Americas) John Hazen White, Jr.
Telecomunicaciones
The Leo Model Foundation Michael L. Martell, Morrison Cohen LLP
Central Intelligence Agency
Ambrose Monell Foundation $10,000–$24,999 Edward and Dale Mathias
H. Rodgin Cohen
Moore Capital Management John P. McCormick
Cummins Inc. Anonymous (2)
Morgan Stanley Arjay Miller
Department for International Aetna, Inc.
The Morningstar Foundation Mary Miller
Development, United Kingdom The Loreen Arbus Foundation
Nihon Keizai Shimbun-sya (NIKKEI) Mitsui & Co. (U.S.A.), Inc.
State of Delaware Astra Capital Management
Noble Energy James J. Murren
DLI North America, Inc. Ballmer Group
Nomura Foundation NCTA - The Internet and Television
Edith B. Everett Linda and Jim Beers
Northern Trust Association
Raj Fernando Franklin M. Berger
Richard B. Nye Embassy of the Kingdom of the
Embassy of France David K. Berler Netherlands
Ozan M. Ozkural Mitzi and Cyrus Freidheim The Boeing Company NTT Corp.
Palantir Technologies Funders’ Network for Smart Growth Anders Brag Gordon and Dailey Pattee
Permanent Secretariat of the and Livable Communities, Inc.
Community of Democracies The Brodsky Family Foundation William Penn Foundation
GEICO Carter Cafritz
The Peter G. Peterson Foundation Dina and George Perry
Global Challenges Foundation Harvey Cherner
Prudential Financial Inc.  Purdue Pharma L.P.
The William T. Grant Foundation Corning Incorporated Foundation
Marian Puig Charles Rossotti
The Hamzavi Foundation Susan Crown and William C. Kunkler III
Steven Rattner and Maureen White Frederic A. and Susan Rubinstein
Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung Arthur B. Culvahouse, Jr.
Joseph L. Rice III Jonathan Schaffzin
The Heinz Endowments The Curtis Family Foundation
Stephen Robert Michael L. Schler
Honda North America, Inc. Davis Polk & Wardwell, LLP
S&P Global Inc. Shimizu Corporation
Indra Porter Dawson
Rangu Salgame John Shubin
The International Fund for Laura A. DeFelice
Dr. Fay L. Shutzer and William A. Stanley S. Shuman
Agricultural Development (IFAD)
Shutzer Digital Trust Foundation Steven J. Simmons
Frank F. Islam
Spencer Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Richard Elden Skoll Centre for Global
Japan Bank for International
Strobe Talbott R.S. Evans Foundation Entrepreneurship
Cooperation
Lynn Thoman and the Leon Drs. Riadh and Manal Fakhoury Emily and Robert E. Smith
Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation
Lowenstein Foundation Roger C. Faxon Sojitz Corporation of America
Kaye Family Foundation
Tides Center Lawrence K. Fish Karim A. Souaid
George Kellner
Time Warner, Inc. Victoria Foley Andrew P. Steffan
Ned Lamont
Ercument Tokat The Lee and Juliet Folger Fund Jeffrey and Susan Stern
Jeffrey D. Lapin
Tudor Investment Corporation David Friend Sumitomo Corporation of Americas
Sara Grootwassink Lewis
United Technologies Corporation John L. Furth Larry D. Thompson
Linden Trust for Conservation
USA Funds Gardner Grout Foundation Toshiba America, Inc.
Amy Liu
Verizon Communications General Motors Foundation Transurban
Marine Corps University
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. Marilyn and Michael Glosserman Ranvir Trehan
Marubeni America Corporation
Jeffrey C. Walker Jeff Gore Turner Foundation
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
Marcus Wallenberg, Foundation Asset America, Inc. Brian L. and Myra S. Greenspun and UBATEC
Management (FAM) Mario M. Morino the Greenspun Family Foundation John Usdan
Claude Wasserstein Hashem Mubarak Patrick W. and Sheila Proby Gross Paul Verbinnen and Cecilia Greene
Beatrice W. and Anthony Welters National Counterterrorism Center Agnes Gund Vitol Foundation
The Ralph C. Wilson, Jr. Foundation National Institute for Health Care Teresa Heinz Kerry VOX Global
Daniel H. Yergin and Angela Stent Management Research and Hellman Foundation Seymour and Kathleen Weingarten
D.B. Zwirn Foundation Educational Foundation Loren W. Hershey Stephen M. Wolf

44
 HONOR ROLL

Xerox Corporation Steven Bennett and Erin Loubier R. Kent Insley Nicholas Rugoff
Rachel Zhang Steffi and Robert Berne John Jackson Mark E. Saadine
Sarah Binder Robert K. Jackson Charles Savage
$5,000–$9,999 Erik Blumenkranz Rahul Jaswa Henry Schacht
Brockton B. Bosson Andrew Johnman Anya Schmemann and Eric Lohr
Anonymous (3)
Lisa Bradburn Adam Justin Stacy Schroeder
Baker Donelson
Evan Brewer Marvin Kalb Robert Schulz
Alan Berube
Valerie T. Broadie Elaine Kamarck Michael Schwartz
Bipartisan Policy Center
Christian Prescott Buckson Mark N. Katz Search for Common Ground
William M. Cameron
Adem Bunkeddeko Hans Keithley Naveen R. Shahani
Sean Campbell
Theodore Bunzel Thomas L. Kempner Daniel Shefter
Jacqueline Carter
Richard C. Bush Douglas Kiessling Alvin Sherman
Morris Clarke
Paul Cadario Peter S. Kim Aaron Shutzer
Everett R. Cook
Campbell Family Foundation Aaron Kinnari Amanda Silver
The Honorable Kenneth M. Duberstein
Pam Chan Jennifer Klein Nick Simmons
Charles W. Duncan, Jr.
Samuel Charap Morris M. Klein Zachary Singer
Brenda Earl
William B. Chism Bobby Koduvalil Colm Singleton
Elinor K. Farquhar
Kimberly Churches Emi Kolawole T. Otey Smith
Frank and Kathy Finelli
Greg Clark Christopher S. Koza Marjorie H. Sonnenfeldt
Florida International University
Morton and Shirley Cohen Steve Lake Benjamin Squires
Nancy Folger
The Costa Family Trust Dan Henry Lee III Constanze Stelzenmüller
Forum for the Future of Higher
Education Hanna Dameron Wayne P. Limberg Christopher Stover
Ellen V. Futter Khurram Dara Michael Ling Helen Tigani
Susan Gutfreund Cathy & Phil Davis Johannes Linn Greg Trotter
Katherine Clark Harris Milo Dee Kin-ming Liu Laura Tyson
Nadia M. Diuk London School of Economics United Nations Industrial
Cynthia R. Helms
Development Organization
Igluu LLC Miles Dickson Benjamin Luxenberg
United Nations University
Andrew Klaber Nick & Lynn Dragisic Aidan Madigan-Curtis
U.S.-Russia Business Council
Scott & Chelsea Kohler Courtney Dunakin Nicolas A. Martell
Danielle Vetter
Rebecca Liao Conor P. Durkin Daniel Martinez
Virginia Economic Development
Malcolm R. and Celia Lovell Emal Dusst Eduardo Martinez Partnership
Bruce and Virginia MacLaury Spencer & Dulci Edge Camilla McFarland Paula Warrick
The Markle Foundation Christine Edmonston Donald F. McHenry Darrell M. West
Jeffrey Marlough Jessica Elledge Hugh Membrino Nicholas Whalen
Allison Nathan Elliott Company of Indianapolis, Inc. MercyCorps Carol Wise
National Rural Electric Cooperative Jared Elosta Cesare Merlini John Zacharias
Association Anthony Elson Michel Mitri Jeffrey K. Zuttah
Princeton University Patricia Fabrikant Frederick Mulhauser
Marie Ridder Richard Fawal Sakura Namioka
Mustafa Shafi Riffat Allen Friedman Ann Beldecos Natale
Cordel Robbin-Coker A. Lee Fritschler Omar Nazzal
Jonathan M. Robins FSD Africa Neighborworks America
Robert J.T. Rosenfeld Ann M. Fudge Robert C. Nurick
Drew Ruben Toby and Charles Gati Kyle O’Hehir
Sidney Stern Memorial Trust Helene Gayle Wayras Olivier
Frederick Stavis Robert Gelfand Robert Orttung
Paul and Chandler Tagliabue Elisa B. Glazer Ibrahim Onur Oz
Margaret L. Tomlinson Global Development Network Bruce Parrott
Josh S. Weston David B. Golder Richa Pathak
Malcolm H. Wiener Joshua K. Goldman Jane G. Pepper
Jeremy W. Goldstein Marc Peters
Up to $4,999 Joshua Goldstein Steven Pifer
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Elmore Alexander Marion Guggenheim Philip A. Piro III
Abdulaziz Alnuaimi Julia S. Gurganus Samuel Plimpton
Simone Aloisio Joseph H. Guttentag William Eric Pomeranz
The AmazonSmile Foundation Sherif Hamid Elizabeth Pond *deceased
Rian Amiton William A Hamler III Random House India Private
Anders Aslund Michael Hansen Pavan Rangachar Brookings strives to be complete and
Harley D. Balzer Stephen Hess Jason Richey accurate in recognizing the generous
Melissa Bass Nancy Maisto Hewett Brian J. Rose support of our donors. We regret any
omissions or errors.
Scott Baxter Ellen Higgins Amy Rosenberg
William Horton Beebe-Center Ray Hollmann Jon Rotenstreich

45
S TAT E M E N T O F A C T I V I T I E S

Years Ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands)

Preliminary and Unaudited*

TEMPORARILY PERMANENTLY FY 2017 FY 2016

UNRESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED TOTAL TOTAL

OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Revenue and Support
Investment return designated for operations $  10,804 $  4,538 — $  15,342 $  15,098
Grants, contracts, and contributions 8,244 84,178 4,422 96,844 90,539
Program services 420 — — 420 —
Brookings Press 1,725 — — 1,725 1,715
Facility and other revenue, net 2,833 172 — 3,005 2,845
Net assts released from restrictions -
Satisfaction of program restrictions 75,138 (75,138) — — —
Total Operating Revenue 99,164 13,749 4,422 117,336 110,197

OPERATING EXPENSES
Program Services
Economic Studies 15,943 — — 15,943 15,683
Foreign Policy 15,335 — — 15,335 17,683
Global Economy and Development 12,105 — — 12,105 12,028
Governance Studies 7,327 — — 7,327 7,006
Metropolitan Policy Program 8,170 — — 8,170 10,056
Institutional Initiatives 9,560 — — 9,560 8,296
Brookings Press 2,545 — — 2,545 2,455
Communications 2,157 — — 2,157 2,622
Total Program Services 73,142 — 73,142 75,829
Supporting Services
Management and General 21,254 — — 21,254 23,186
Fundraising 3,590 — — 3,590 3,395
Total Operating Expenses 97,986 — — 97,986 102,410
Net Operating Activity 1,178 13,749 4,422 19,350 7,787
Change in net assets before non-operating activities 1,178 13,749 4,422 19,350 7,787

NON-OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Investment return in excess of amounts designated
for operations
Realized gain (loss) on sale of investments 4,763 3,536 — 8,299 11,734
Unrealized gain (loss) from investments 30,494 8,341 — 38,835 (12,882)
Interest and dividends, net (331) 1,002 — 671 1,515
Investment return designated for operations (10,804) (4,538) — (15,342) (15,098)
Total investment return (loss) in excess of amounts
designated for operations 24,122 8,341 — 32,463 (14,731)
Other Non-Operating Activities
Loss on Bond Debt Refinancing — — — — —
Total Non-Operating Activities 24,122 8,341 — 32,463 (14,731)
Change in net assets before post-retirement related
changes other than net periodic post-retirement
benefit cost 25,300 22,090 4,422 51,813 (6,944)
Post-retirement related changes other than net
periodic post-retirement pension cost 367 — — 367 319
CHANGE IN NET ASSETS 25,667 22,090 4,422 52,180 (6,625)
Net assets, Beginning of year 192,230 137,765 84,270 414,265 420,890
Net assets, End of year $  217,897 $  159,855 $  88,692 $ 466,445 $ 414,265

46
 S TAT E M E N T O F F I N A N C I A L
POSITION

Years Ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands)

Preliminary and Unaudited*

2017 TOTAL 2016 TOTAL

ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents $  25,067 $  21,176
Grants, contributions and accounts receivable, net 96,920 81,927
Investments — Endowment 346,419 311,060
Investments — Other 18,649 18,655
Property and equipment, net 34,924 37,315
Other assets 2,224 3,397
TOTAL ASSETS 524,203 473,530

LIABILITIES AND NET ASSETS

LIABILITIES
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 5,945 6,653
Notes payable, net 46,525 47,234
Accrued compensated leave 1,919 2,043
Accrued post-retirement benefit obligation 1,421 1,788
Deferred revenue 1,949 1,547

TOTAL LIABILITIES 57,759 59,265

NET ASSETS
Unrestricted 217,897 192,230
Temporarily restricted 159,855 137,765
Permanently restricted 88,692 84,270
TOTAL NET ASSETS 466,444 414,265
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND NET ASSETS $  524,203 $  473,530

Operating Revenues Program Services Expenses

22%
Economic Studies
13%
Institutional Initiatives

84% 3%
Gifts and Grants Communications
17%
3% Global Economy and Development
Miscellaneous
3%
2% Publications
Publications
10%
11% Governance Studies
Endowment
21%
Foreign Policy
11%
Metropolitan Policy Program

Notes:
As a nonprofit and scientific organization, Brookings is exempt from federal income taxes under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code.
The Institution also qualifies as a publicly supported organization under section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) of the code.
Brookings's policy is to make an annual investment spending allocation for the support of operations. This amount is calculated based on
70% of the prior year’s spending adjusted for inflation and 30% of 5% of the market value of the investments as of December 31 of the prior
fiscal year. Certain reclassifications of prior year balances have been made to conform to the current year presentation.

*A copy of the Institution’s audited financial statements is available by visiting brookings.edu.

47
 BY TH E N U M B ERS
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48
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