OCI Storage Services

Rohit Rahi
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
Feb 2020
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Agenda

Block Volume
Local NVMe
File Storage
Object Storage
Archive Storage
Storage Requirements

What type of data? Performance?

Persistent v/s non-
persistent? Database, videos, audio, Max capacity, IOPS,
photos, text throughput

Durability? Connectivity?
Protocol
Local v/s network, how does
# of copies of data Block v/s File v/s HTTPs
app access the data
OCI Storage Services

Block Local File Object Archive

Volume NVMe Storage Storage Storage
What is Block Storage?
• Hard drive in a server except the hard drive happens to be installed in a
remote chassis
• Data is typically stored on device in fixed sized blocks (e.g. 512 Bytes)
• Accessed by operating system as mounted drive volume
• Applications/file systems decide how blocks are combined and accessed Blocks
• Data is stored without any higher-level metadata e.g. for data format, type
or ownership
• You can place any kind of file system on block level storage. E.g., Windows
uses NTFS; VMware uses VMFS
• Commonly deployed in Storage Area Network (SAN) storage
Block Volume Service
ORACLE CLOUD INFRASTRUCTURE REGION
• Storage for compute instances
Availability Domain
• 2 types: Boot Volume (OS disk), Block Volume (data
Subnet disks)
10.0.0.0/24

• Service lets you store data independently and beyond

VNIC the lifespan of compute instances
VCN
10.0.0.0/16 Use cases:
• Databases
• Exchange (supports block level storage only)
Instance • VMware (common to deploy VMware servers
that use shared VMFS volumes on block level
storage)
Boot Data • Server boot (in public clouds, instances are
Block Volume configured to boot from block level storage)
Block Volume – highly durable

AVAILABILITY DOMAIN • Storage is highly durable and persistent

• Block Volume stores replica of data in 3

separate Fault Domains

X D1

D2
D1

D2
D1

D2
• You don’t need to configure any software
based protection (RAID-10 etc.)
D1 FD1 FD2 FD3
D2
• To minimize loss of data due to deletes or
corruption, we recommend to take
periodic backups of block
volumes. OCI allows automated
scheduled backups
Block Volume Backup

• Complete point-in-time OCI REGION OCI REGION

snapshot copy of your
Availability Domain 1
block volumes Availability Domain 1 Availability Domain 2

Subnet A Subnet A
Encrypted and stored in
Subnet B
•
the Object Storage, and Object
Instance 1 Instance 2 Storage Instance 3
can be restored as new
volumes to any AD within
the same region (for
multi-AD regions)
Block
• Can copy block volume Volume
Block
Volume
Block Volume
(X-region
(Backup)
backups from one-region (Restore) copy)

to another
• Backups can be
scheduled
Block Volume Tiers
Basic Balanced Higher Performance

Workloads that are Balanced choice for most Most IO-demanding

throughput intensive with workloads including those workloads that require the
large sequential I/O, such that perform random I/O best possible performance
as big data and streaming, such as boot disks including large databases
log processing and data
warehouses IOPS: 60 IOPS/GB IOPS: 75 IOPS/GB
Throughput: 480 Throughput: 600 KB/s/GB
IOPS: 2 IOPS/GB KB/s/GB
Throughput: 240 KB/s/GB

Volumes can be 50 GB - 32 TB in size; you can attach up to 32 volumes/instance.

Data encrypted at rest and in-transit (oracle managed) or customer managed keys
Local NVMe
ORACLE CLOUD INFRASTRUCTURE REGION
• Temporary NVMe based storage locally attached to the
Availability Domain compute instances
• Designed for applications that require high-performance
Subnet
10.0.0.0/24
local storage
• Use cases:
VNIC
• NoSQL databases (e.g. Cassandra, MongoDB, Redis),
VCN
• in-memory databases,
10.0.0.0/16 • Scale-out transactional databases,
• Data warehousing
Directly attached • Storage is non-persistent (survives reboot)
storage

XX
Instance

Directly Attached
Storage
Local NVMe
OCI uses NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express) interface for very high
performance
OCI provides no RAID, snapshots, backups capabilities for these devices and
customers are responsible for data durability
Block based Protocol (like Block Volume)
SLA around Performance

Instance type NVMe SSD Devices IOPS

BM.DenseIO2.52 8 drives = 51.2 TB raw 250k

VM.DenseIO2.8 2 drive = 6.4 TB raw 400k

VM.DenseIO2.16 4 drives = 12.8 TB raw 800k

VM.DenseIO2.24 8 drives = 25.6 TB raw 3.0MM

What is File Storage?
• Hierarchical collection of documents organized into named
directories which are themselves structured files
• Distributed file systems make distributed look exactly like local
file systems
• Distributed file standards – NFS and SMB
• Supported by Unix and Windows
• Allow creation, deletion, reading, writing, sharing and
locking
• Supported by all major OSes and hypervisors
• (typically) no extra client software needed
• Provide access over networks
File Storage Service (FSS)
ORACLE CLOUD INFRASTRUCTURE REGION

Availability Domain
• Shared file system storage for compute instances
• Supports NFS v.3 distributed file system
Subnet
10.0.0.0/24
• Data protection: Snapshots (10,000 snapshots
per file system)
Instance • Security: data-at-rest and in-transit encryption
for all file systems & metadata
• Use cases:
Subnet
10.0.1.0/24
• Oracle Applications (e.g. EBS)
• HPC
Instance

VCN • Big Data and Analytics

10.0.0.0/16
• General purpose File systems
File Storage – highly durable
AVAILABILITY DOMAIN Storage is highly durable and persistent

X
File Storage stores replica of data in 3
separate Fault Domains

You can take snapshots of file systems that

X
provide a read-only, space efficient, point-in-
FD1 FD2 FD3 time backup of a file system

You can restore a file within the snapshot, or

an entire snapshot using the cp or rsync
command
What is Object Storage?
• All data, regardless of content type, is managed as objects
• Each object is stored in a bucket. A bucket is a logical container for storing
objects
• Objects are stored in a single, flat structure without a folder hierarchy. This
means that accessing individual objects is fast and easy
• Each Object is composed of object itself and metadata of the object. This makes
it easier to index and access data
• Object storage is quite common in cloud-based storage scenarios with very high
scalability and reliability
• While files and blocks are generally available to an operating system (by mount
operation), object storage relies on standard HTTP verbs
Object Storage Service

An internet-scale, high-performance storage platform

Ideal for storing unlimited amount of unstructured data (images, media
files, logs, backups)
Regional service, not tied to any specific compute instance
Offers two distinct storage classes "hot" storage (standard), "cold" storage
(Archive)
Use cases
• Content repository for data, images, logs, and video etc.
• Archive/Backup for longer periods of time
• Storing log data for analysis and debugs/troubleshooting
• Storing large data sets (genome data, IoT)
• Big Data/Hadoop storage
Object Storage – highly durable
Storage is highly durable and persistent
AVAILABILITY DOMAIN 1 AVAILABILITY DOMAIN 1 AD3
Object storage stores replica of data in 3
separate Fault Domains in an AD

In a multi-AD region, it stores replica of

data in more than one AD

FD1 FD2 FD3 FD1 FD2 FD3 Data integrity is actively monitored and
corrupt data detected and auto repaired

You can leverage cross-region copy for

disaster recovery scenarios
Object Storage Tiers
Standard Storage Tier (Hot)
• Fast, immediate, and frequent access
• Data retrieval is instantaneous
• Always serves the most recent copy of the data when
retrieved
• Standard buckets can’t be downgraded to archive storage

Archive Storage Tier (Cold)

• Seldom or rarely accessed data but must be retained and
preserved for long periods of time
• 10X cheaper than Standard Tier ( $0.0026 v/s $0.0255
Gb/month)
• 90 days minimum retention requirement
• Objects need to be restored before download; Time To First
Byte (TTFB) after restore request is made: 4 Hours
• Archive Bucket can’t be upgraded to Standard storage tier
OCI Storage Services
Local Block File Object Archive
NVMe Volume Storage Storage Storage
NVMe SSD based NVMe SSD based NFSv3 compatible Highly durable Long-term
Type
temporary storage block storage file system Object storage archival & backup
Access Block Block File Object Object
Block level Block level
Structure Hierarchical Unstructured Unstructured
structured structured
Non-persistent; Durable (multiple Durable (multiple Multiple copies Multiple copies
Durability
survives reboots copies in an AD) copies in an AD) across ADs* across ADs*
Capacity Terabytes+ Petabytes+ Exabytes+ Petabytes+ Petabytes+
51.2 TB for BM, 50 GB to 32 TB/vol
Unit Size Up to 8 Exabyte 10 TB/object 10 TB/object
6.4-25.6 TB for VM 32 vols/instance
Database, VMFS, Oracle apps (EBS),
Unstructured data Backups and long
OLTP, NoSQL, NTFS, boot and HPC, general
Use cases incl. logs, images, term archival
Data warehousing data disks for purpose file
videos (DB backups)
instances systems

* in multi-AD regions
Summary

Block Volume
Local NVMe
File Storage
Object Storage
Archive Storage
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