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Toulmin's Model

Here is a paraphrase of the key points about the Toulmin Model: The Toulmin Model is a system for analyzing arguments developed by philosopher Stephen Toulmin. It breaks down arguments into six components: claim, grounds, warrant, backing, rebuttal, and qualifier. The claim is the assertion or position being argued. Grounds provide data or evidence to support the claim. A warrant is the implied logical connection between the grounds and claim. Backing further supports the warrant. A rebuttal challenges or refutes the claim or warrant. And a qualifier limits the scope of the claim. Together these components provide a framework for understanding and evaluating the structure and strength of arguments.

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126 views12 pages

Toulmin's Model

Here is a paraphrase of the key points about the Toulmin Model: The Toulmin Model is a system for analyzing arguments developed by philosopher Stephen Toulmin. It breaks down arguments into six components: claim, grounds, warrant, backing, rebuttal, and qualifier. The claim is the assertion or position being argued. Grounds provide data or evidence to support the claim. A warrant is the implied logical connection between the grounds and claim. Backing further supports the warrant. A rebuttal challenges or refutes the claim or warrant. And a qualifier limits the scope of the claim. Together these components provide a framework for understanding and evaluating the structure and strength of arguments.

Uploaded by

Mhd Zain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Toulmin Model

Who was Stephen Toulmin?


 March 1922 – December
2009
 Author, Educator,
Philosopher
 Created theories to deal
with practical issues using
moral reasoning.
 Developed a system to
break down any type of
arguments and the
assumptions that surround
it.
 Toulmin has influenced
philosophy, rhetoric, and
computer science.
The Toulmin Model Structure
Claim

Definition of Claim:
An assertion usually supported
with evidence. Usually
includes a support, refute, or
qualify statement.

Example: Students should not


have cell phones in school
because it is a distraction in the
classroom.
Grounds

 Definition of Grounds:
Evidence provided to
bolster the Claim and
support the Warrant.

 Backing: In 2010, cell phone


violations were the second
most disciplined offense at
Kentridge High School.
Warrant

 Definition of Warrant: the


implied statement that
creates a logical
connection between the
Claim and the Backing.

 Example: Even though cell


phones are banned from
school, it is assumed all
students carry a cell phone
with them, and many of
them send text messages in
class, but are never caught.
Rebuttal

 Definition of Rebuttal: an
answer that challenges or
refutes a claim. Rebuttals may
also be offered by writers who
anticipate objections to the
claims or evidence they offer.
 Rebuttal Example: Parents may
argue all students should carry
cell phones with them in case of
an emergency, like the
Columbine shooting.
Qualifier

 Definition of Qualifier: A
word, or phrase, that limits
the scope of a claim: Usually,
Sometimes, In most cases,
etc.
 Qualifier: In most cases, it is
highly unlikely an emergency
will happen in school.
Furthermore, the school
could always contact parents
making a phone call using a
land line.
Create a Toulmin Model on your own
Qualifier – specific
limits to you claim or
warrant.

Grounds – reasons or
Claim – The position or evidence that supports
claim being argued for. the claim.

Warrant – implied or
stated principle that
connects the grounds
to the claim.

Rebuttal – counter
arguments to the claim
or warrant
iPad Scenario

 State a Claim, the


Grounds, and a Warrant
supporting, refuting, or
qualifying a Kent School
Board initiative requiring
all students to have an
iPad to attend school in
the Kent School District.
iPad Scenario continued

 Claim:
Students should not be required to
buy an iPad to attend a KSD school
because it would cause an undo
financial burden for families.
 Backing:
The average iPad costs over $400
and would be unaffordable to
most students.
 Warrant:
All families who live within the KSD
boundaries could afford an iPad.
Please write a Paraphrase on the
Toulmin Model

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