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Key Pillars of Criminal Justice

The document discusses the criminal justice system (CJS) in the Philippines and its key pillars. It identifies police/law enforcement as the prime mover or initiator that dominates the other pillars. The objectives of law enforcement are listed as crime prevention, criminal apprehension, law enforcement, order maintenance, and public service. Prosecution is conducted by the National Prosecution Service and involves preliminary investigations, issuing subpoenas, and recommending criminal charges. Courts represent the center pillar where legal proceedings occur. Correction involves both institutional and non-institutional community-based approaches to rehabilitate offenders. Lady Justice is a common symbol of courts and represents the fair and impartial administration of law.

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360 views3 pages

Key Pillars of Criminal Justice

The document discusses the criminal justice system (CJS) in the Philippines and its key pillars. It identifies police/law enforcement as the prime mover or initiator that dominates the other pillars. The objectives of law enforcement are listed as crime prevention, criminal apprehension, law enforcement, order maintenance, and public service. Prosecution is conducted by the National Prosecution Service and involves preliminary investigations, issuing subpoenas, and recommending criminal charges. Courts represent the center pillar where legal proceedings occur. Correction involves both institutional and non-institutional community-based approaches to rehabilitate offenders. Lady Justice is a common symbol of courts and represents the fair and impartial administration of law.

Uploaded by

JvnRodz P Gmlm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BACKGROUND OF STUDY

CJS – the crime prevention mechanism

P – POLICE/LAW ENFORCEMENT
As the first pillar in the criminal justice system, the police is considered as the initiator of action. Its
actions and decisions essentially control or dominate the activities or functions of the other pillars.
OBJECTIVE OF LAW ENFORCEMENT/POLICE
1) Crime prevention – the prevention and suppression of crimes have traditionally been accepted as
the primary goal of the local police forces
2) Criminal apprehension – it is a police responsibility to identity, locate, and apprehend offenders.
3) Law enforcement – it is the basic responsibility of the police to enforce the law.
4) Order maintenance – one of the most troublesome responsibilities of the police.
5) Public service – because the police is the most visible symbol of authority, they are called upon to
assist in situation like location of lost persons or properties, to provide VIP, bank and funeral
escorts and other similar duties.
6) Traffic regulation and motor accident investigation –
The police are excepted to ensure road safety for both pedestrians and motorists and assist in cases of
road accident and emergencies.

P – PROSECUTION
Its is made up actually by the National Prosecution service.
Its main functions are
Conduct Inquest Procedure, determine probable cause through preliminary investigation, issue subpoena,
administers oath, and also they recommend the dismissal and filling of criminal charges, prosecute
criminals and also the prosecution pillar represents the State in all Criminal Proceedings.
C – COURT

C – CORRECTION
C - COMMUNITY
Correction as a process
1. Institutional
2. non-institutional based correction

BOARD QUESTIONS

Which of the pillars of Philippine Criminal


Justice is the __
1. “Prime mover”?
2. “Investigator/state representative?
3. “Center pillar”?
4. “Reformer”?
5. “Base pillar”?
6. The superstar in the CJS?
7. The forgotten person in the CJS?
What does the __ symbolizes in the context of the criminal justice system?
1. The lady justice – divine rightness of law
2. The balance – truth and fairness
3. The sword – power of reason
4. The blindfold – objectivity - IMPARTIALITY!

What do you call the judge hammer?


- Mallet or Gavel

BASIC CONCEPTS

1. Correction vs. Penology


2. Positivist vs. Classical Thoughts
3. Correction – Positivist influence
4. Penology – Classical influence

Lady Justice, a blindfolded woman carrying a sword and a set of scales, is a common symbol on courts.
She symbolizes fair and equal administration of the law, without corruption, favor, greed(hinakog), or
prejudice(bias).

"Lady Justice originates from the personification of Justice in Ancient Roman art known as Iustitia or
Justitia after Latin: Iustitia, who is equivalent to the Greek goddesses Themis and Dike ." 
Dike was the goddess of justice and moral order in Greek mythology.
She was the daughter of Zeus and Themis. Although both Dike and Themis were considered
personifications of justice, Dike represented more the justice based on socially enforced norms and
conventional rules, human justice, while Themis was the representation of divine justice.

The blindfold represents objectivity and impartiality, that justice should be meted out without fear or favor,


regardless of money, wealth, or power.

She holds scales to represent the weighing of evidence, evidence must be weighed on its own merit.

The sword represents punishment, signifying that justice can be swift and final. She holds the sword below
the scales to show that evidence weighted on its merit in a court of law come before punishment.

The snake under her foot represents evil, and lies, and the book is the law, the constitution from which
justice is administered.

What are the two kinds of


CORRECTION APPROACHES in the Philippines?
1. Institutional Correction – Rehabilitation of offenders in Jail or Prison.
2. Community-Based Correction – correctional activities that takes place in the community that
directly addressed to the offender and aimed at helping him to become a law abiding citizen.

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