OPHTALMOLOGY MULTIPLE QUESTION

CHOICES FOR 4TH YEAR COURSE

MOSCOW STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
EDITTED BY: Hairie *kurus
Vision functions

Please, choose the one or more correct answers:

1. Vision functions include:
A. peripheral vision
B. Color vision
C. Adaptation
D. central vision
E. Binocular vision
F. Double vision

2. Low visual acuity is the result of:

A. Pupil reactions
B. Opacities of optic system
C. Ambliopia
D. Epiphora
E. Diseases of the retina & the optic nerve
F. Refractive errors

3. Defects of vision field are located in:

A. optic system
B. optic focus
C. chiasma
D. optic disk
E. optic tract
F. optic nerve

4. Disturbances of vision field’s are followed by:

A. Refractive errors
B. glaucoma
C. retinitis
D. nevritis of the optic nerve
E. orbital tumor
F. myopia
 5. The primary colors are:
A. grey
B. yellow
C. red
D. green
E. white
F. blue

6. Night blindness is associated with;

A. pigmentary degeneration of retina
B. optic nerve disease
C. Vit. A deficiency
D. kidneys diseases
E. liver diseases
F. myopia

7 .Binocular vision is:

A. double vision
B. vision with fusion reflex
C. both eyes vision
D. vision with physiological diplopia
E. central vision
F. vision with diplopia

8. Binocular vision is based on:

A. visual acuity 0,8 and more
B. visual acuity 0,1 and more
C. fusion reflex
D. corneal reflex
E. saved motility of the eyeball
F. anisometropia

9. The cones form following vision:

A. Visual acuity (central vision)
B. Fields of vision (peripheral vision)
C. Color vision
D. Light adaptation
 E. Darkness adaptation
F. Binocular vision

10. The rods form following vision

A. Vision acuity (central vision)
B. vision Field’s (peripheral vision)
C. Color vision
D. Light adaptation
E. Darkness adaptation
F. Binocular vision

ANATOMY OF THE EYE

1. The globe consists of the layers:

A. uvea
B. fibrous
C. periorbita
D. conjunctiva
E. retina
F. Tenon capsule

2. The parts of uvea are:

A. iris
B. cornea
C. ciliary body
D. optic nerve
E. choroidea
F. retina

3. The cornea is divided following layers:

A. anterior epithelium
B. Bowman’s membrane
C. Bruch’s membrane
D. stroma
E. posterior epithelium
 F. nerve fibre
G. Descemet’s membrane

4. The sensory retina is divided following neurons:

A. pigment epithelium
B. rods and cones
C. glials cells
D. bipolar cells
E. ganglion cells
F. fibroblasts

5. The tear film is formed by following layers:

A. secret of the goblet cells
B. aqueous humor
C. tears
D. secret of the meibomian glands
E. secret of the sweat glands

6. The parts of the fibrous layer are:

A. conjunctiva
B. cornea
C. iris
D. ciliary body
E. sclera
F. retina

7. The supplying artery of the globe is:

A. facial artery
B. ophthalmic artery
C. vertebral artery
D. angular artery
E. posterior cerebral artery
F. external carotid artery

8. Venous drainage of the eye occurs to:

A. superior sagittal sinus
B. sinus cavernosus
 C. pterigoid plexus
D. inferior sagittal sinus
E. transversus sinus

9. The retina receives blood supply from:

A. short posterior arteries
B. anterior ciliary arteries
C. central retinal artery
D. long posterior arteries
E. lacrimal artery
F. temporal artery

10. The sensory nerves of the globe are:

A. oculomotor nerve
B. first branch of trigeminus nerve
C. abducens nerve
D. trochlear nerve
E. facial nerve
F. second branch of trigeminus nerve.

GLAUCOMA

1. Glaucoma can be defined with the help of such examinations

1. Tonometry
2. Gonioscopy
3. Opthalmoscopy
4. Visometry
5. Biometry
2. Clinical findings of acute angle-closure glaucoma
1. Injection of limbus and conjunctiva blood vessels
2. Proptosis
3. Increasing of IOP
4. Mucopurulent discharge
5. Vertically oval pupil
3. Treatment of acute angle-closure glaucoma:
1. Miotics
 2. Acetozolamide 500mg orally
3. Hyperosmic agents
4. Spasmolytics
5. Antioxidants
4. Ddx of acute angle glaucoma
1. Acute uveitis
2. Neovascular glaucoma
3. Glaucomatocyclitic crisis
4. Migraine
5. Migrainous neuralgia
5. Reasons for increasing IOP in case of open angle glaucoma are
1. Degenerative process in the trabecular meshwork
2. Synechia between iris and the lens
3. Reduction of aqueous outflow
4. Complete closure of the angle by peripheral iris
5. Maldevelopment of angle of anterior chamber
6. Signs of primary congenital glaucoma are:
1. Small size of eyeball
2. Large size of eyeball
3. Increasing of cornea size
4. No changing in cornea size
5. Enophthalmos
7. Indication of surgery in the case of open angle glaucoma
1. Failed medical therapy
2. Hypermetropia
3. Development of cataract
4. Progressive field loss
5. Young age
8. Faults of filtration surgery are:
1. Difficulty in dosage of IOP
2. Risk of hypotension
3. Development of cataract as a result of surgical treatment
4. Daryocystitis
5. Thinning of conjunctiva in “drainage bleb”
9. Glaucomatous field loss involves
1. Horizontal hemianopsia
2. Constriction of nasal periphery
 3. Arcuate scotoma
4. Enlarging of blindspot
5. Crossed hemianopsia

10. Clinical findings of acute closure angle glaucoma

1. Injection of limbal and conjunctival blood vessels

2. Corneal edema with stromal thickening
3. Unreactive pupil
4. Deep anterior chamber
5. Nausea, vomiting

11. For the treatment of acute angle closure glaucoma:

1. Analgesia
2. Miotics
3. Beta blockers
4. Large fluid intake
5. Treatment in dark room

12. Classic principles of medical therapy

1. Any chosen drug should be used in highest concentration

2. Initial treatment with combined preparation
3. Monitoring every 3-4 months
4. Surgical treatment in case of progressive field loss
5. Patient use the drug using all his life

13. Reason for high IOP in case of primary angle closure glaucoma

1. Degenerative process in the trabecular meshwork

2. Small size of eyeball
3. Anteriorly located lens
4. Maldevelopment of the angle of anterior chamber
5. Complete closure of angle by peripheral iris
14. Treatment of acute angle closure glaucoma

1. Up to 1 hr
2. Up to 24 hrs
3. Up to 1week
4. Up to 6 hrs
5. Up to 1 month

15. Monitoring of open angle glaucoma must be performed

1. Every week
2. Once a week
3. Once a month
4. Every 3-4 month
5. Once a year

16. Methods of surgical treatment of glaucoma

1. Peripheral iridectomy
2. Keratotomy
3. Sclerophatic surgery
4. Trabeculotomy
5. Trabeculoplasty (laser)

17. We diagnose glaucoma on the basis of such clinical signs as

1. Age of patient
2. Raised IOP
3. Typical changes in visual field
4. Myopic refraction
5. Changes in optic disk

18. Medical therapy of open-angle glaucoma includes:

1. Spasmolytics
2. Beta blockers
3. Analgesics
4. Prostaglandin analogues
5. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
19. Factors influencing acute angle closure glaucoma development

1. Emotional stress
2. Long lasting work in dark room
3. Long lasting short distant work
4. Using of mydriatic drugs
5. Long lasting work with head down position

20. Recommended time period after which surgery can be made in the case of
failed medical therapy of angle-closure glaucoma:

1. After one month

2. During 1 hr
3. During 1 week
4. After 24 hrs
5. After 6 hrs

21. Aims of surgical treatment

1. To get lens transparency

2. To make a new exit for aq from the anterior chamber
3. To save visual functions
4. Reduction of IOP
5. Recovery of visual functions

22. Trabecular meshwork includes such portion as

1. Juxtacanalicular
2. Uveal
3. Nasal
4. Corneoscleral
5. Endothelial

23. Predisposing factors of angle closure glaucoma:

1. Relatively anterior location of iris-lens diaphragm

2. Wide anterior chamber
3. Narrow entrance of the chamber angle
4. A small corneal diameter
 5. Anteriorly located lens

24. Clinical findings of acute angle closure glaucoma

1. Miosis
2. Mydriasis
3. IOP severely elevated (50-60mmHg)
4. Deep anterior chamber
5. Small anterior chamber

25. Medical therapy of open angle glaucoma includes

1. Prostaglandins analogues
2. Beta-blockers
3. Mydriatics
4. Anaestatics
5. Miotics

26. Method of surgical treatment of primary congenital glaucoma

1. Goniotomy
2. Laser trabeculoplasty
3. Iridectomy
4. Trabeculotomy
5. Trabeculectomy

27. Reasons of high IOP in secondary glaucoma

1. Neovascularization of anterior chamber angle

2. Anterior and posterior synechia
3. Hypermetropia
4. Hypermature cataract
5. Deposition of pigment in the trabecular meshwork

28. Medical therapy of open angle glaucoma lasts

1. Till getting target pressure

2. 1 month
3. During all life
 4. 1 yr
5. Till recovery

29. Choosing of surgical treatment method depends on

1. Wish of patient
2. Type of glaucoma
3. Reason for bad outflow of aq humour
4. Age of the patient
5. Appearance of systemic disease

30. Buphthalmos means

1. Small eyeball
2. Large eyeball
3. Proptosis
4. Enophthalmos
5. Dislocation of IOL

RED EYE SYNDROME

1. The symptoms and signs of the conjunctivitis are:

A. pain
B. blurred vision
C. iching
D. burning
E. conjunctival injection
F. circumcorneal injection

2. The symptoms and signs of the keratitis are:

A. pain
B. blurred vision
C. iching
D. corneal infiltration
E. photophobia
F. conjunctival injection
3. The symptoms and signs of the iridocyclitis are:
A. pain
B. discharge (exudation)
C. blurred vision
D. keratic precipitates
E. pupil is small
F. pupil is dilated

4. The membranes are formed in the acute conjunctivitis, caused by:

A. staphylococcus
B. streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
C. corynobacteria diphtheriae
D. adenovirus
E. chlamydia
F. allergy

5. The mucopurulent discharge is in the following types of acute conjunctivitis:

A. bacterial
B. viral
C. chamydial
D. allergic
E. fungal

6. The signs of acute bacterial conjunctivitis are:

A. conjunctival injection
B. mucopurulent discharge
C. mucous discharge
D. follicular reaction
E. membranes
F. blurred vision

7. The signs of adenoviral conjunctivitis are:

A. mucopurulent discharge
B. follicular reaction
C. subconjunctival hemorrhages
D. membranes
E. enlargement of preauricular nodes
 F. mucous discharge

8. The signs of trachoma are:

A. superior tarsal follicles
B. membranes
C. pannus formation
D. subconjunctival hemorrhages
E. scarring
F. conjunctival injection

9. The treatment of acute bacterial conjunctivitis consists of:

A. antibiotic drops
B. corticosteroid drops
C. antibiotic ointment
D. sulfonamide drops
E. antiviral drops
F. corticosteroid ointment

10. The follicular conjunctivitis may be induced the following reasons:

A. bacteria
B. adenovirus
C. chlamydia
D. allergy
E. herpes simplex virus

11. The treatment of herpetic keratitis consists of:

A. antibiotic drops
B. antiviral drops
C. systemic antiviral therapy
D. corticosteroid drops
E. antiviral ointment
F. corticosteroid ointment

12. The factors of recurrent herpetic keratitis are:

A. fever
B. exposure to ultraviolet light
C. trauma
 D. psychic stress
E. corticosteroid therapy

13. The treatment of bacterial corneal ulcer consists of:

A. antibiotic drops
B. antiviral drops
C. cycloplegics
D. systemic antibiotic therapy
E. steroid drops
F. corneal coagulation

14. The treatment of iridocyclitis consists of:

A. mydriatic (cycloplegic) drops
B. non-steroid anti-inflammatory drops
C. steroid drops
D. systemic non-steroid anti-inflammatory therapy
E. miotics
F. systemic antihistamine therapy

15. The complications of iridocyclitis are:

A. glaucoma
B. vitreous opacity
C. keratic precipitates
D. cataract
E. discharge
F. corneal perforation.

CATARACT

1. According the position of opacities (morphological Classification) cataract

can be
1. Cortical
2. Subcapsular
3. Traumatic
4. Nuclear
5. Christmas tree
2. Stages of age-related cataract development can be
1. Mild damage
2. Hypermature
3. Moderate damage
4. Severe damage
5. End stage
3. Indications for vitamin eye drops treatment:
1. Age of patient
2. Appearance of opacities in the lens
3. A morgagnian cataract
4. Congenital cataract
5. After cataract
4. Method of surgical treatment of cataract:
1. LASIK
2. Intracapsular extraction
3. Keratotomy
4. Phacoemulsification
5. Extracapsular extraction

5. Complications in case of late surgical treatment of congenital cataract:

1. Development of secondary glaucoma
2. Development of corneal edema
3. Ambliopia
4. No complications
5. Iridodialysis
6. Signs of aphakia

1. Shallow anterior chamber

2. Iridodonesis
3. Deep anterior chamber
4. Low intraocular pressure
5. Hypermetropia

7. What is artiphakia

1. Absence of the lens

 2. Opacity in the lens
3. Presence of IOL
4. Dislocation of IOL
5. Subluxation of the lens

7. The reasons of after cataract development are

1. Inflammation
2. After extracapsular cataract extraction
3. After intracapsular cataract extraction
4. Regeneration of subcapsular lens epithelium
5. In case of systemic diseases
8. Reasons of age related cataract
1. Malnutrition
2. UV light damage
3. Protein alterations
4. Long lasting visual activity
5. Oxidative damage

10. Contraindication for surgery treatment of cataract are

1. Age of patient
2. MI (not acute)
3. Atrophia of nervus opticus
4. Retinal detachment
5. Absolute glaucoma

11. Methods of treatment of congenital cataract:

1. Vit eye drops

2. Cataract extraction
3. Contact lens
4. Prescribing spectacles
5. Laser stimulation of macula

12. Disadvantages of aphakia correction with spectacles

1. Marginal blephoritis
2. Impossibility of correction with spectacles in case of monocular aphakia
3. Ring scotoma
 4. Risk of progressive hypermetropia
5. Visual discomfort

13. Relative contracindications for IOL implantation

1. Still’s disease
2. Congenital cataract
3. Retinal detachment
4. Angle-closure glaucoma
5. The traumatic damage of lens capsule

14. During early postoperative period patient must prevent himself from

1. Lifting more than 5kg

2. Overcooling
3. Physical activity with head down position
4. Getting of water or other things (soap, shampoo)
5. Long lasting visual work

15. Complication of intracapsular cataract extraction

1. Postoperative retinal detachment

2. After cataract
3. Cystoids macular edema
4. Secondary glaucoma
5. Conjunctivitis

16. Disadvantages of correction aphakia by spectacles

1. Spherical aberration
2. Cheap and safe method
3. Ring scotoma
4. Reducing of peripheral visual field
5. Impossible to use them for long time

17. Congenital cataract can be:

 1. Zonular
2. Polar cataract
3. Drug induced
4. Coronary
5. Traumatic

18. Stages of age-related cataract

1. Mild damage
2. Immature
3. Mature
4. Hypermature
5. Morgagnian

19. Time of surgical treatment of congenital cataract

1. 1st month of life

2. 1st year of life
3. 1st 2nd year of life
4. Not later than 15 years
5. When patients want

20. Method of aphakia correction

1. Spectacles with prism lens

2. IOL
3. Spectacles with spherical concave lens -10.D -12.D
4. Spectacles with spherical convex lens +10.D +12.D
5. Contact lens

21. According to time of starting of cataracts can be:

1. Associated with systemic diseases

2. Congenital cataracts
3. Drug-induced
4. Acquired cataracts
5. Subcapsular cataracts

22. Preoperative medical examination includes

 1. Visual acuity
2. Perimetry
3. Color vision tests
4. Biometry
5. Analyzing of FHx

23. Indications for surgery include:

1. Patient’s wish for surgical treatment

2. Mature cataract
3. Low visual acuity
4. Phacolytic glaucoma
5. Allergenic reactions on vitamin drops

24. Methods of surgical treatment of cataract

1. Phacoemulsification
2. Traditional extracapsular cataract extraction
3. Keratotomy
4. Intracapsular extraction
5. Dacryocystorhinostomy

25. Complications of traditional extracapsular cataract extraction

1. Dislocation of IOL
2. Develelopment of astigmatism
3. Corneal edema
4. Conjunctivitis
5. Acute postoperative endophthalmitis

26. Signs of aphakia

1. Low IOP
2. Iridonesis
3. Deep anterior chamber
4. Iridodialysis
5. High hypermetropia
 Diseases of the ocular Annexes

Please, choose the one or more correct answers:

1. Ocular annexes consist of:

A. cornea
B. orbit
C. eyelids
D. sclera
E. lacrimal organs
F. optic nerve
2. Diagnosis of exophthalmoses includes:
A. endophthalmitis
B. thyroid disease
C. neoplasm
D. iridocyclitis
E. pseudo tumor
F. cellulites

3. The main clinical symptoms of orbital diseases are:

A. displacement of the eyeball
B. exophthalmos
C. strabismus
D. motility defects
E. diplopia
F. anisocoria

4. Complications of the exophthalmoses are:

A. redness
B. pain
C. ulcer of the cornea
D. blindness
E. lagophthalmos
F. enophthalmos
5. Superior orbital fissure syndrome includes:
A. enophthalmos
B. exophthalmos
C. miosis
D. midriasis
E. ptosis
F. uveitis

6. Lagophthalmos is the result of the plegia of the following nerve:

A. N.oculomotorius
B. N.ophthalmicus
C. N.trochlearis
D. N. facialis
E. N.abducens
F. N.opticus

7. Complications of the lagophthalmos are:

A. cyclitis
B. cornea abrasion
C. cornea ulcer
D. keratitis
E. canaliculitis
F. scleritis
8. Chalazion is the inflammation of the following glands & cells:
A. Moll
B. Zeis
C. Meibomian
D. lacrimal
E. Krause
F. Goblet
9. Hordeolum is the inflammation of the following cells:
A. Moll
B. Zeis
C. Meibomian
D. lacrimal
E. Krause
F. Goblet
 10. Entropion leads to:
A. enophthalmos
B. endophthalmitis
C. cornea ulcer
D. eyeball’s redness
E. keratitis
F. conjunctivitis
11. Symptoms of the dry eye are:
A. lacrimation
D. red eye
C. foreign-body sensation
D. often blinking
E. blepharospasm
F. lagophthalmos

12. Tear film consists of:

A. aqueous humour
B. lipides
C. blood
D. water
E. mucin
F. air
TRAUMA.

1. Clinical sings of the penetrating injuries:

A. Iridociclitis
B. hyphema
C. corneal wound
D. intraocular foreing body
E. appearance of the iris in the wound
F. haemophthalmos
2. Diagnosis of the orbital bone fructures includes:
A. Opthalmoscopy
B. X-rays
C. MRT
D. Biomycroscopy
E. Gonioscopy
 F. CT
3. The main clinical symptoms of the acute orbital trauma are:
A. Lagophthalmos
B. Exophthalmos
C. Subconjuncival haemorrage
D. Motility defects
E. Diplopia
F. Enophthalmos
4. The main clinical symptoms of the late orbital trauma are:
A. Lagophthalmos
B. Exophthalmos
C. Subconjuncival haemorrage
D. Motility defects
E. Diplopia
F. Enophthalmos

4. Complications of the lagophthalmos are:

A. redness
B. painess
C. ulcer of the cornea
D. blindness
E. corneal opacity
F. dry eye
5. Superior orbital fissure syndrome includes:
A. enophthalmos
B. exophthalmos
C. ophthalmoplegia
D. midriasis
E. ptosis
F. diplopia
6. Blow-out fractures are:
A. Isolated fracture of zygoma
B. Isolated fracture of the medial orbital wall
C. Isolated fracture of the lateral orbital wall
D. Isolated fracture of the infeior orbital wall
E. Multipe fractures of all orbital walls
F. Multipe fractures of the orbital rim
7. Complications of the penetrating injuries are:
A. cyclitis
B. cornea abrasion
C. foreing bodies
D. keratitis
E. canaliculitis
F. sympathic ophthalmitis

8. The first care in ocular trauma includes:

A. Antitetanus treatment (antiserum, activ immunization)
B. Steroids
C. Antibiotics
D. Binocular bandage
E. Monocular bandage
F. Surgical treatment

9. The appearance of the sympathic ophthalmitis is not early ??? than:

A. 2-3 days
B. 5-7 days
C. 2 weeks
D. 2 months
E. 2 years
F. 2 hours

10. Endophthalmitis leads to:

A. enophthalmos
B. panophthalmitis
C. cornea ulcer
D. redness of the eyeball
E. orbital cellulitis
F. cavernous sinus trombosis

11. The first care in acute chemical burns includes:

A. Antitetanus treatment (antiserum, activ immunization)
B. Irrigation
C. Antibiotics
D. Binocular bandage
E. Monocular bandage
F. Ointment