SMART PLANT MONITORING SYSTEM WITH

IOT

B.E. SENIOR DESIGN PREOJECT REPORT

Electrical

Prepared by
Hafiz Ameed Abdullah (6882)
Project Advisor
Aatif Shahbaz

College of Engineering
PAF – Karachi Institute of Economics and
Technology
Karachi

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the present world of competition, there is a race of existence in which those are having the
will to come forward to succeed. The project is like a bridge between theoretical and practical
working. With this willing, we joined this particular project. We are grateful to Almighty Allah,
helped us throughout the project. We are also thankful to our Advisor Aatif Shahbaz and Co-
Advisor Dr. Arif, who gave us the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project and teachers
for their guidance and advice. I am thankful for and fortunate enough to get constant
encouragement, support and guidance from all Teaching staffs which helped us in completing
our project work. Also, I would like to extend our sincere esteems to all staff in a laboratory for
their timely support.

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 ABSTRACT
In today’s world where almost everything has an automated solution, the field of agriculture still thrives
in its manual-labored ways. Along with limitations of cost, the agriculture industry fails to maximize its
throughput as manual labors are not efficient while monitoring and controlling the system. Also due
climatic changes the pattern of crop growth is not as predictable and plant growth needs to be monitored
to assess efficiency constantly. The inefficiency of manual input causes loss of potential outputs. This
report comprises currently the initial work that was put into building a plant monitoring system. This
monitoring system uses the concept of IoT to make use of sensor data, which would allow users to access
and examine the plant environment conditions over the internet. The system would me assure readings of
temperature, humidity, soil moisture around plants. The system would provide history of readings which
would help farmers monitor the governing factors of plant growth. Also, replacing manual labor would
decrease errors while covering large area.

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 KEYWORDS

• Liquid Crystal Display

• Cloud Data
• C#
• Graphical User Interface
• Arduino Mega 2560
• DHT11 sensor
• ESP.01s
• BME 180
• WIFI module
• Histogram
• Soil Indicator
• Temperature and Humidity Indicator
• ThinkSpeak Server

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 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

S/No Abbreviation Full Form

1 LCD Liquid Crystal Display
2 C Celsius
3 F Fahrenheit
4 Dc Direct Current
5 Vin Voltage Input
6 D0 Digital Output
7 A0 Analog Output
8 SCL Serial Clock Line
9 SDA Specific Dynamic Action
10 AREF Analog REFerence
11 FDA Final Design Approval
12 P/T Pressure / Temperature
13 PCP Process Control Program
14 PIP Plant Investment Protection
15 GND Ground
16 FMH Fix Mounting Holes

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................ 7

1.1 Overview................................ ................................................................................... 7
1.2 Why Plant Monitoring System? ................................................................................. 8
1.3 Project Aim and Objective.......................................................................................... 8-9
Chapter 2: Literature Review........................................................................................ 10
2.1 Overview…………………………………………………………………………….. 10
2.2 Existing Literature Explanation…………………………………………………….. 10-12
Chapter 3: Methodology……………………………………………………………….. 13
3.1 Overview…………………………………………………………………………………….. 13
3.2 System Architecture…………………………………………………………………………. 13
3.3 Hardware Requirements……………………………………………………………………... 13
3.4 Hardware Implementation…………………………………………………………………… 14
3.5 Soil Moisture Sensor………………………………………………………………………… 14
3.6 LCD Display with I2c Communication…………………………………………………….... 15
3.7 Power Supply………………………………………………………………………………… 16
3.8 DHT sensor………………………………………………………………………………….. 16-17
Chapter 4: Software Implementation………………………………………………… 18
4.1 Processing Method………………………………………………………………………….. 18
4.2 Code…………………………………………………………………………………………. 19
4.2.1 Internal Code………………………………………………………………………. 19-21
4.2.2 Connection to Server………………………………………………………………. 22-24
Chapter 5: Results………………………………………………………………………. 25
5.1 Outcome…………………………………………………………………………………….... 25-26
5.2 ThinkSpeak Server Output…………………………………………………………………… 26-30
5.2.1 Accumulation of Soil Moisture……………………………………………………. 31-32
5.2.2 Accumulation of Temperature and Humidity……………………………………… 32-33
5.3 Discussion……………………………………………………………………………………. 33
Chapter 6: Conclusion…………………………………………………………………... 34
Reference………………………………………………………………………………… 35

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Fig (1.1.3) Lcd connection with I2c ……………………………………………… 8

Fig (2.2.1)System Architecture Diagram ……………………………………… 11

Fig (2.2.2) System Architecture Diagram ……………………………………… 11

Fig (3.2.1) Basic Workflow Diagram ……………………………………… 13

Fig (3.3.1) Structure of Arduino Mega 2560 ………………………………………. 14

Fig (3.4.1) Structure of Soil Moisture Sensor ……………………………….. 14

Fig (3.5.1) LCD and I2c Module ……………………………………………… 15

Fig 3.7.1 DHT11 Sensor ………………………………………………………….. 16

Fig (5.1.1) Smart Plant Monitoring System ……………………………………… 26

Fig (5.2.1.1) Accumulation of Soil Moisture ………………………………………. 31

(Fig 5.2.2.1) Display of Temperature and Humidity on LCD………………………. 32

Fig (5.2.1.2) Accumulation of Temperature ……………………………………… 33

Fig (5.2.1.) Accumulation of Humidity ……………………………………… 33

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 CHAPTER 1

1. PROJECT OBJECTIVES

1.1 OVERVIEW
The world is progressing at an upsetting rate with the commitment of machines to
replace human work. As machines do a more efficient and productive job than a human does,
various sectors adapt automation or machine analysis to have a larger throughput. Plant
monitoring is one of those sectors and uses IoT (Internet of Things) as an overall process of
acquiring environmental data of plants and sending, storing and displaying these data over the
internet hence making it available to the public. Information could be development variables of
plants, for example, Temperature, Humidity, soil dampness and light presentation. Users to
acquire an estimate of the soil quality and what the plants might need can then access these data.
These data could also be physical look of plants that predict or diagnose the condition of the
plant and what it might need. We intend to make a plant-observing framework that detects the
development factor conditions around a plant and makes it accessible to the client through the
web

1.2 WHY PLANT MONITORING SYSTEM?

Plant assumes an essential part in keeping up the biological cycle and structures the
establishment of an evolved way of life pyramid and along these lines to keep up the plant's
legitimate development and wellbeing sufficient checking is required. Subsequently the target
making plant-observing framework keen is utilizing mechanization and Internet of Things (IOT)
innovation. This point features different highlights, for example, well informed dynamic
dependent on soil dampness constant information.

The modernized water framework system with IOT is essentially and monetarily adequate for
arranging water assets for estate (gathering of a plant). Embracing the programmed water
framework system, we can exhibit that the use of water can be diminished for different manors
(gathering of plants) uses. The framework system has an appropriated microwaves (remote)
chain of dampness content in the dirt through soil dampness sensor, moistness, temperature
sensor set in the root zone of the plants, and level of water (ultrasonic) sensor is set in tank for
checking the water level in tank. The information will assemble from the sensors and ship off
the web worker (cloud).

The foundation of part features the investigation of IOT in the field of farming. This shows how
we can actualize the IOT innovation to make our planting shrewd and dependable with the
ongoing refreshed information. This part likewise causes the novices to execute the IOT
innovation and gain proficiency with the fundamentals of this innovation.

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 1.3 PROJECT AIM AND OBJECTIVE
Our goal is to create a smart plant monitoring platform/system, which would allow users to access and
examine the plant environment conditions over the internet. The system would measure readings of
temperature, humidity, soil moisture around plants. The system would provide history of readings which
would help farmers monitor the governing factors of plant growth. Also, replacing manual labor would
decrease errors while covering large area. The would need in future and when to maximize throughput
to owner and eventually the whole economy of the country.
It generally comprises of a focal microcontroller to which different articles are associated. The savvy
garden comprises of NodeMCU as a center point to which various kinds of sensors, for example,
dampness sensor, moistness sensor, temperature sensor and ultrasonic sensor are associated. The
ultrasonic sensor is associated with a water tank which demonstrated the degree of water in the tank.
Different sensors are associated with their individual positions and these sensors send the information to
NodeMCU which comprises of an inbuilt Wi-Fi innovation. Firebase is an information base accessible
on the web in which constant estimations of the sensor are refreshed each second. Web application is
created utilizing HTML , CSS. Inside the product, the network between the application and firebase will
be made. Along these lines, the client can screen the boundaries from anyplace. Watering of nursery
differs with the kind of soil. Henceforth the estimations of the sensors are foreordained for robotization
purposes inside the product. At whatever point the client discovers need of watering the plant a switch in
the application will mechanize the cycle. This aides in complete upkeep of the plant
The Other Operations of Smart Monitoring of Plants are as Follows :
• Soil moisture monitoring
• Pressure Monitoring
• Temperature and Humidity Monitoring
• Water level monitoring

Fig (1.1.3) Lcd connection with I2c

Module

Sensors are used for monitoring the environmental conditions surrounding the crop, whose outputs are
obtained on an Android based mobile application as well as uploaded on the cloud. The updates of the
atmospheric conditions such as temperature, humidity and soil moisture can be fetched from anywhere in the
world as the data is shared on the cloud platform (ThingSpeak). A record of this data can be maintained

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which could be used for the future reference, i.e., in the next cropping season, thereby, enhancing the
planning and development of crop production.

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 CHAPTER 2

2. LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 OVERVIEW
In order to build the system, we have looked into two papers which have worked on plant monitoring
system. We have chosen these papers because they are closely linked or similar to our work and hence
has provided insights to our work that would not have been possible
I have contemplated numerous past works done in this field by various researchers .Use of innovation in
the field of agriculture assumes significant part in expanding the creation just as in decreasing the labor
endeavors. Examination for improving farming creation by using various regulators like PIC
microcontroller,8051 regulator, ARM 7 and so on or likewise observing done by various correspondence
innovation like ZigBee, Wireless sensor network(WSN),even utilizing GSM.
Nursery observing and control framework dependent on remote Sensor Network by Marwa Mekki et al.
In this paper a WSN was actualized by conveyed remote sensor hubs in a nursery with temperature,
humidity, moisture sensors. To control the natural factors, the utilized microcontroller customized to
control the boundaries as indicated by preset qualities, or physically through a UI board. A ZigBee
based energy proficient natural checking cautioning and controlling framework by K. Lokesh Krishna et
al, the paper dependent on paper a novel ZigBee based energy proficient natural observing, cautioning
and controlling framework for horticulture is planned and executed. This framework uses an ARM
processor, different sensors and ZigBee correspondence module. Sensors assemble different actual
information from the field progressively and send it to the processor and to the end client by means of
ZigBee correspondence. At that point essential activities are started to perform activity in the interest of
individuals to lessen or kill the need of human work.
2.2 EXISTING LITERATURE EXPLAINATION
Although papers on plant monitoring system are vague or inadequate in Bangladesh, we have put
together few papers from around the world that are closely related to our works.
Srinidhi Siddagangaiah [1] proposed a solution to monitoring plant growth system by using sensors to
send data about plants. The project uses dht11, ESP-01Sand ESP8226MOD module to send data to an
Arduino Mega 2560. The Arduino Mega 2560 sends data to cloud and Ubidots IoT cloud platform
displays the data in the required format. The Arduino Uno uses either Ethernet or WIFI to connect to
Ubidots. Once the data is available in the cloud, it can be accessed by smartphones.

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Sharmad Pasha[2] proposed a system that senses various sensor data and feeds them to the cloud using
Arduino Mega 2560. The journal outlines vividly on how to send data to a cloud platform like
ThingSpeak and how ThingSpeak uses MatLab to represent data. The steps to interface cloud and sensor
data are also mentioned.

In [3], "IoT Enabled Pant Soil Moisture Monitoring Using Remote Sensor Networks" paper, the
creators have utilized Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) which is incorporated with Internet of
Things (IoT) to build up a far off checking framework that persistently screens the soil dampness of
the plant.

In [4], In "Brilliant IoT Water sprinkle and Monitoring framework for Chili Plant" paper, the
creators have utilized bean stew plant as the occurrence for the framework. It utilizes a few sensors
for example, moistness sensor, pH sensor and EC sensor to gather information which is prepared by

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the Arduino UNO. The bit of leeway of the framework is that it consequently sprinkles water and
add explicit combinations to keep up the pH level of the dirt.

In [5], In "Programmed Plant Monitoring and Controlling Framework Over GSM Using Sensors" by
C.G.Priya, M.A.Pandu, B.Chandra AM2302 i.e temperature and moistness sensor and DHT22 i.e
dampness sensor is utilized to acquire the accompanying boundaries, for example, temperature ,
dampness and dampness utilizing UNO.

In [6], In "Programmed Plant Irrigation System utilizing Arduino" by Devika CM, Karthika Bose
and Vijayalekshmi S soil dampness of the plant is recognized which is then contrasted and the
prerequisites of the plant and triggers the engine siphon utilizing transfer likewise

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 CHAPTER 3

3. METHODOLOGY

3.1 OVERVIEW
This section focuses on the methods applied while building the monitoring system. An overall work
flow is presented along with any hardware or software used, with focus on why they have been done in
that manner.

3.2 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

3.3 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

 Arduino Mega 2560.
 Soil moisture sensor.
 DHT 11 Sensor
 BME 180 Sensor
 Water level sensor.
 16X2 LCD with I2C communication.
 Wires
 Battery
 ESP8266 WIFI module
 Bread Board

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3.4 HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION
The figure 2 shows the Arduino mega2560. It controls the all elements of sensors and motors.
Sensors and motor works based on the processor instructions.

Arduino Mega2560 is a type of micro controller board. It consists of a 54 input/output digital

pins. In this system, 15 pins are used as PWM outputs, 16 pins are used as analog inputs, 4 pins
are hardware serial ports that is UARTs, a USB connection, a 16MHz precious stone oscillator,
an ICSP header, reset button and the force jack .It consist of everything whatever needed to
support the micro controller; this Arduino processor simply connect to a computer with USB
cable or power with a battery or DC to AC adapter to get started.

3.5 SOIL MOISTURE SENSOR

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Figure 3.4.1 represents soil moisture sensor. The soil moisture sensor is a device it is used to
identify the moisture level in the soil. This sensor utilizes a capacitance to distinguish the dielectric
permittivity of the dirt. In the dirt, dielectric permittivity is an element of water content in the dirt.
The moisture sensor provides the voltage proportional to the dielectric permittivity of the soil and
the how much of water content in the soil. Data of the Soil Moisture Sensor: When the water level is
low that is soil is dry, then the impedance will be high and the LM393 will high value at the output.
When the soil is wet, it will show the low value at the output. The pins are described in table 1.
Pins Definition
GND GND
VCC 5V
A0 Analog output interface
D0 Digital output (0 & 1)

Table 1: Pin Description of the Soil Moisture Sensor Pins Definition

3.6 LCD Display with I2c Communication

Figure 3.5.1 depicts LCD Display with I2c. For using this type of LCD display directly by
Arduino processor, 6 pins are required to connect: RS, EN, D4, D5, D6 and D7 to talk the LCD.
For simple project, the usages of pins are reduced in normal LCD shield. For this framework,
the I2C interface LCD module is utilized, by utilizing this module the framework required just
two lines to show the information of the dampness and water level. There are only 4pins on 12C
bus that is
Pins Definition
GND GND
VCC 5V

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 SDA Analog pin 4
SCL Analog pin 5

3.7 Power Supply

Arduino mega2560 can be controlled through the outside force link or with USB association. The
external power (without USB) can come either from AC to DC adapter or battery. This adapter
power cable can be connected through plugging a 2.1 mm Centre positive plug to the power jack
board. The power source is selected by automatically. Battery pins can be associated with the GND
and Vcc pins of the force link. The Arduino board can operate on only an external power supply in
the range between 6 to 20 volts. If the power supply is below the 7V, then the Arduino board may
not get the stable state. May be the supply power using above the 12V, then the voltage regulator
may get more heat and the Arduino board may get the damage. So for this recommended Arduino
voltage range is 1 to 12 volts.

3.8 DHT11 Sensor

The DHT11 humidity and temperature sensor makes it truly simple to add stickiness and temperature
information to your DIY hardware projects. It's ideal for distant climate stations, home ecological
control frameworks, and ranch or Plant checking frameworks.
The DHT11 is a regularly utilized Temperature and Humidity sensor. The sensor accompanies a devoted
NTC to quantify temperature and a 8-cycle microcontroller to yield the estimations of temperature and
mugginess as sequential information. The sensor is additionally industrial facility aligned and henceforth
simple to interface with other microcontrollers.
The sensor can gauge temperature from 0°C to 50°C and stickiness from 20% to 90% with an exactness
of ±1°C and ±1%. So in the event that you are hoping to quantify in this reach, at that point this sensor
may be the correct decision for you.

Fig 3.7.1 (DHT11 Sensor)

Step by step instructions to utilize DHT11 Sensor:

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The DHT11 Sensor is industrial facility aligned and yields sequential information and subsequently it is
exceptionally simple to set it up.

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 CHAPTER 4

4. SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION

4.1 PROCESSING METHOD

Programming usage of this undertaking work utilizes Arduino programming.. The programming
code is developed on Arduino software, which supports the Arduino package. Firstly, the integer
variables are initialized, that controls the input and output pins of the sensor. Here, the pins variables
are declared that will be used for communication with all devices.

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4.2 CODE

4.2.1 INTERNAL CODE

5. #include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
6.
7. /* i2c LCD Module ==> Arduino
8. * SCL ==> 21
9. * SDA ==> 20
10. * Vcc ==> Vcc (5v)
11. * Gnd ==> Gnd */
12. #include <Wire.h>
13. #include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
14. #include <Adafruit_Sensor.h>
15. #include <DHT.h>
16. LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 2, 1, 0, 4, 5, 6, 7, 3,
POSITIVE);
17.
18. // Set DHT pin:
19. #define DHTPIN 2
20. // Set Moisture Sensor
21. # define MoisturePIN A0
22. // Set DHT type, uncomment whatever type you're using!
23. #define DHTTYPE DHT11 // DHT 11
24. //#define DHTTYPE DHT22 // DHT 22 (AM2302)
25. //#define DHTTYPE DHT21 // DHT 21 (AM2301)
26. // Initialize DHT sensor for normal 16mhz Arduino:
27. DHT dht = DHT(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);
28.
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29. void setup(){
30. lcd.begin(16, 2);
31. Serial.begin(9600);
32. // Setup sensor:
33. dht.begin();
34. lcd.clear();
35. lcd.setCursor(0, 0); //starting position
36. lcd.print("Smart Plant");
37. lcd.setCursor(0, 1); //starting position
38. lcd.print("Monitor System");
39. //Anything you want
40. delay(2500); //delay 2 seconds
41. lcd.clear(); //clear all
42. lcd.setCursor(0, 0); //starting position
43. lcd.print("Ameed abdullah");
44. lcd.setCursor(0, 1); //starting position
45. lcd.print("Roll-No 6882");
46. delay(5000); //delay 2 seconds
47.
48. lcd.clear();
49.
50. }
51.
52. void loop(){
53. // Understanding temperature or mugginess takes around
250 milliseconds!
54. // Sensor readings may likewise be as long as 2 seconds
'old' (its an exceptionally moderate sensor)
55. // Read the humidity in %:
56. float h = dht.readHumidity();
57. // Read the temperature as Celsius:
58. float t = dht.readTemperature();
59. // Read the temperature as Fahrenheit:
60. float f = dht.readTemperature(true);
61. // Check if any peruses fizzled and exit ahead of
schedule (to attempt once more):
62. if (isnan(h) || isnan(t) || isnan(f)) {
63. Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT sensor!");
64. return;
65. }
66. int sensorValue = analogRead(MoisturePIN);
67. // print out the value you read:
68. int Moisture = (100 - (sensorValue/10)) ;
69. delay(500); // delay in between reads for
stability
70.
71. // print out the value you read:
72. lcd.clear();
73. lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
74. lcd.print("Temp = ");
75. lcd.setCursor(8, 0);
76. lcd.print(t);
77. lcd.setCursor(14, 0);
78. lcd.print("C");
79. lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
80. lcd.print("Humid = ");
81. lcd.setCursor(8, 1);

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 82. lcd.print(h);
83. lcd.setCursor(14, 1);
84. lcd.print("%");
85. delay(2500);
86. lcd.clear();
87. lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
88. lcd.print("Moisture : ");
89. lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
90. lcd.print(Moisture);
91. lcd.setCursor(5, 1);
92. lcd.print("%");
93.
94. delay(2500);
95.
96.
97. // Compute heat index in Fahrenheit (default):
98. float hif = dht.computeHeatIndex(f, h);
99. // Compute heat index in Celsius:
100. float hic = dht.computeHeatIndex(t, h, false);
101. Serial.print("Humidity: ");
102. Serial.print(h);
103. Serial.print(" % ");
104. Serial.print("Temperature: ");
105. Serial.print(t);
106. Serial.print(" \xC2\xB0");
107. Serial.print("C | ");
108. Serial.print(f);
109. Serial.print(" \xC2\xB0");
110. Serial.print("F ");
111. Serial.print("Heat index: ");
112. Serial.print(hic);
113. Serial.print(" \xC2\xB0");
114. Serial.print("C | ");
115. Serial.print(hif);
116. Serial.print(" \xC2\xB0");
117. Serial.println("F");
118. Serial.println(Moisture);
119.
120. //Type your name
121. }

4.2.2 CONNECTION TO SERVER

122. #include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
123. #include <ESP8266WebServer.h>
124. #include <DHT.h>
125. #include <ThingSpeak.h>;
126. #include <WiFiClient.h>;
127.
128. // Uncomment one of the lines beneath for whatever DHT
sensor type you're utilizing!
129. //#define DHTTYPE DHT22 // DHT 22 (AM2302), AM2321
130. //#define DHTTYPE DHT21 // DHT 21 (AM2301)
131. #define DHTTYPE DHT11 // DHT 11
132.

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133. WiFiClient client;
134.
135. unsigned long myChannelNumber = 1238862;
136.
137. const char * myWriteAPIKey = "J2475AH1RN5JK39S"; //Your
Write API Key
138.
139. /*Put your SSID & Password*/
140. const char* ssid = "Winter-Soldier"; // Enter SSID here
141. const char* password = "iPhone@2032&"; //Enter Password
here
142.
143. ESP8266WebServer server(80);
144.
145. // DHT Sensor
146. uint8_t DHTPin = D1;
147. uint8_t MoisturePIN = A0;
148.
149. // Initialize DHT sensor.
150. DHT dht(DHTPin, DHTTYPE);
151.
152. float Temperature;
153. float Humidity;
154.
155. void setup() {
156. Serial.begin(115200);
157. delay(100);
158.
159. pinMode(DHTPin, INPUT);
160.
161. dht.begin();
162.
163. Serial.println("Connecting to ");
164. Serial.println(ssid);
165.
166. //connect to your local wi-fi network
167. WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
168.
169. //check wi-fi is connected to wi-fi network
170. while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
171. delay(1000);
172. Serial.print(".");
173. }
174. Serial.println("");
175. Serial.println("WiFi connected..!");
176. Serial.print("Got IP: ");
Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
177.
178. server.on("/", handle_OnConnect);
179. server.onNotFound(handle_NotFound);
180.
181. server.begin();
182. Serial.println("HTTP server started");
183. ThingSpeak.begin(client);
184.
185.
186. }

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187. void loop() {
188.
189. server.handleClient();
190. Temperature = dht.readTemperature(); // Gets the values
of the temperature
191. Humidity = dht.readHumidity(); // Gets the values of the
humidity
192. int sensorValue = analogRead(MoisturePIN);
193. int Moisture = (100 - (sensorValue/10)) ;
194.
195. Serial.println(Temperature);
196.
197. ThingSpeak.writeField(myChannelNumber, 1,Temperature,
myWriteAPIKey);
198. // delay(20000);
199. ThingSpeak.writeField(myChannelNumber, 2,Humidity,
myWriteAPIKey);
200. Serial.println(Humidity);
201.
202. // delay(20000);
203.
204. ThingSpeak.writeField(myChannelNumber, 3,Moisture,
myWriteAPIKey);
205. Serial.println(Moisture);
206. // delay(20000);
207.
208. }
209.
210. void handle_OnConnect() {
211.
212. server.send(200, "text/html",
SendHTML(Temperature,Humidity));
213. }
214.
215. void handle_NotFound(){
216. server.send(404, "text/plain", "Not found");
217. }
218.
219. String SendHTML(float Temperaturestat,float Humiditystat){
220. String ptr = "<!DOCTYPE html> <html>\n";
221. ptr +="<head><meta name=\"viewport\"
content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-
scalable=no\">\n";
222. ptr +="<title>ESP8266 Weather Report</title>\n";
223. ptr +="<style>html { textual style family: Helvetica;
show: inline-block; edge: 0px auto; text-adjust: center;}\n";
ptr +="body{margin-top: 50px;} h1 {color: #444444;margin: 50px
auto 30px;}\n";
224. ptr +="p {font-size: 24px;color: #444444;margin-bottom:
10px;}\n";
225. ptr +="</style>\n";
226. ptr +="</head>\n";
227. ptr +="<body>\n";
228. ptr +="<div id=\"webpage\">\n";
229. ptr +="<h1>ESP8266 NodeMCU Weather Report</h1>\n";
230.
231. ptr +="<p>Temperature: ";

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 232. ptr +=(int)Temperaturestat;
233. ptr +=" °C</p>";
234. ptr +="<p>Humidity: ";
235. ptr +=(int)Humiditystat;
236. ptr +="%</p>";
237.
238. ptr +="</div>\n";
239. ptr +="</body>\n";
240. ptr +="</html>\n";
241. return ptr;
242. }
243.

CHAPTER 5
5. RESULTS
5.1 OUTCOME
Test Results have been gotten after the fruitful execution of the hardware. Fig. 11 shows the yield
detected by the sensors on the application created on the MIT application designer which was then
introduced on the Smartphone of the client. It screens the humidity, temperature, soil moisture. The
screen captures of the application just as of the picture of the plants yield of the infection have been
appeared to approve the outcomes acquired.
There are lots of disadvantages in existing methods that are hard to avoid over spray, uneven watering
patterns, water loss from evaporation and more expensive. In proposed framework is programmed
watering to the plants utilizing Arduino with sensors. By utilizing this strategy, the issues are dodged
effectively in the current technique. The main aim of this project is to recognize moisture level, humidity
, temperature and pressure in the soil and send the information to the Arduino. If moisture is low then
the Arduino will indicate that specific amount of water is needed to the plants and updated on Think
Speak server or on smartphone . If moisture level is high that is enough water to the plants then the
Arduino will turn off water irrigation process or it can be stop by manual function as well . When the
moisture level and water level will change that displayed on the LCD screen. When the moisture level
and water level decreases in the tank then a user has to fill the tank through pipes .
Design system will :
 Monitor of the plants with real time graphics.
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  Maintain possibility of performance monitoring on the basis of equipment to the operator.
 Computing the expected performance with Existing performance .
 Diagnose and give the solution offers before the problems come into existence in the plants.

5.2 THINKSPEAK SERVER OUTPUT

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ThingSpeak is a data stage for noticing your data on the web, coordinated to be used for IoT
applications. In ThingSpeak channel you can set the data as private or public according to your choice.
ThingSpeak takes least of 15 seconds to invigorate your readings. Its a phenomenal and easy to use stage
for building IOT adventures.
Whenever you have joined and endorsed into ThingSpeak, you start by making a ThingSpeak Channel.
A channel is the place where you send your information to store. Each channel incorporates 8 fields for
an information, 3 area fields, and 1 status field. When you have a ThingSpeak Channel you distribute
information to the channel, have ThingSpeak measure the information, at that point have your
application recover the information.

User have to put information into a ThingSpeak Channel by utilizing HTTP POST. For testing purposes,
you can utilize a Firefox Add-on called Poster. This device is incredible for testing web administrations
and APIs.
Here is what your solicitation will resemble on the off chance that you need to place information into
"field1" of the channel.
URL: http://api.thingspeak.com/update
Content Type: application/x-www-structure url encoded
Content: key=(Write API Key)&field1=123
Note: Replace (Write API Key) with your ThingSpeak API key.

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Channel ID: Auto-created ID of your special channel. Your application utilizes this ID to peruse
information from the channel. You can't change its worth.

Name: Enter an exceptional name for the ThingSpeak™ channel.

Portrayal: Enter a depiction of the ThingSpeak channel.

Field#: Check the container to empower the field, and enter a field name. Each ThingSpeak channel can
have up to eight fields.

Metadata: Enter data about channel information, including JSON, XML, or CSV information.

Labels: Enter catchphrases that distinguish the channel. Separate labels with commas.

URL: If you have a site that contains data about your ThingSpeak channel, indicate the URL.

Rise: Specify the situation of the sensor or thing that gathers information in meters. For instance, the
height of the city of Karachi is 35.052.

Show Channel Location: Check this container to empower entering channel area information on this
page. The outcome is a guide with an area pinpoint showed in the channel see. This area is a solitary
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section. Every information point in the channel feed can likewise incorporate area data, which is not the
same as the channel area data appeared here. Regardless of whether this case is cleared, you can in any
case peruse and compose scope and longitude data for the channel and for the feed utilizing the API. For
areas near the posts, a marker isn't obvious.

API Keys:
API keys empower you to compose information to a channel or read information from a private channel.
API keys are auto-produced when you make another channel.
API Keys Settings
Compose API Key: Use this key to compose information to a channel. In the event that you feel your
key has been undermined, click Generate New Write API Key.
Peruse API Keys: Use this key to permit others to see your private channel feeds and outlines. Snap
Generate New Read API Key to create an extra read key for the channel.
Note: Use this field to enter data about channel read keys. For instance, add notes to monitor clients
with admittance to your channel.

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Data Import/Export:

Channel Data Import and Export

Utilize the Data Import/Export tab in your channel view to transfer and download CSV information.
Import CSV Data
You can import information from a CSV document straightforwardly into a ThingSpeak™ channel.
To bring information into a ThingSpeak channel:

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Select Channels > My Channels.
Select the channel.
Select the Data Import/Export tab.
Pick a record.
Snap Upload.
The CSV record should utilize UTF-8 encoding. Ensure your CSV record is appropriately arranged with
these field headers. Utilize these qualities precisely, not your custom field names:
datetime,field1,field2,field3,field4,field5,field6,field7,field8,latitude,longitude,elevation,status .
CSV imports are viewed as updates and burn-through messages similarly as different updates. The CSV
document is restricted to 259,200 columns. The document should contain in any event one line of
information with a timestamp in the date time section. Timestamps can be in one of these organizations.
5.2.1 ACCUMULATION OF SOIL MOISTURE

In this Project, we are going to interface Resistive Soil Moisture Sensor with NodeMCU ESP8266
Display and Monitor Soil Moisture Data on ThingSpeak Server. This sensor evaluates the volumetric
substance of water inside the earth and gives us the clamminess level as yield. The sensor is furnished
with both straightforward and progressed yield, so it will in general be used in both basic and
modernized modes. Here we will use the sensor in Analog mode and measure the earth soddenness in
rate.

The conscious soil sogginess can be sent off any IoT cloud stage. For this circumstance, we will use
ThingSpeak Server. ThingSpeak laborer is an open data stage and API for the Internet of Things that
enables you to accumulate, store, analyze, imagine, and follow up on data from sensors. The earth
sogginess data from Soil Moisture Sensor can be noticed online from any bit of the world.
5.2.2 ACCUMULATION OF TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY

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Humidity and Temperature are exceptionally normal boundaries for estimating at numerous spots like
homestead, green house, clinical, ventures home and workplaces. We have just covered Humidity and
Temperature Measurement utilizing Arduino and showed the information on LCD.

In this IoT project, we will Monitor Humidity and Temperature over the web utilizing ThingSpeak
where we will show the current Humidity and Temperature information over the Internet utilizing the
ThingSpeak worker. It is cultivated by the information interchanges between Arduino, DHT11 Sensor
Module, ESP8266 WIFI module and LCD. Celsius scale thermometer and rate scale stickiness meter
shows the encompassing temperature and dampness through a LCD show and furthermore sends it to
ThingSpeak worker for live checking from anyplace on the planet.

Working and ThingSpeak Setup:

This IoT based undertaking having four segments, initially Humidity and Temperature Sensor DHT11
faculties the Humidity and Temperature Data. Furthermore, Arduino Uno extricates the DHT11 sensor's
information as appropriate number in rate and Celsius scale, and sends it to Wi-Fi Module. Thirdly, Wi-
Fi Module ESP8266 sends the information to ThingSpeak's Sever. Lastly ThingSpeak investigations the
information and shows it in a Graph structure. Discretionary LCD is likewise used to show the
Temperature and Humidity.

(Fig 5.2.2.1 Display of Temperature and Humidity on LCD)

ThingSpeak gives generally excellent device to IoT based undertakings for Arduino. By utilizing
ThingSpeak website, we can screen our information over the Internet from any place, and we can
likewise control our framework over the Internet, utilizing the Channels and site pages gave by
ThingSpeak. ThingSpeak 'Gathers' the information from the sensors, 'Examine and Visualize' the
information and 'Acts' by setting off a response. Here we are disclosing about How to send Data to
ThingSpeak worker by utilizing ESP8266 WIFI Module:

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On the other hand, we will send Temperature and Humidity sensor data to ThingSpeak using DHT11.
By this technique we can screen our DHT11 sensor's temperature and humidity data over web using
ThingSpeak IOT laborer, and we can see the logged data and outline as time goes on the ThingSpeak
dashboard. NodeMCU analyzes the current temperature and drenched state from DHT11 and sends it to
ThingSpeak worker for live observing from any place on the planet. We as of late used ThingSpeak with
Arduino Mega 2560 and ESP32 to move the data on cloud.

5.3 DISCUSSION
These days where almost everything has a robotized game plan, the field of agribusiness really prospers
in its manual-worked ways. Close by limitations of cost, the agribusiness business fails to enhance its
throughput as manual works are not gainful while noticing and controlling the structure. Moreover due
climatic changes the case of yield advancement isn't as obvious and plant improvement should be seen
to assess efficiency persistently. The weakness of manual data causes lack of likely yields. This report
contains at present the hidden work that was put into building a plant checking structure. This checking
structure uses the possibility of IoT to use sensor data, which would allow customers to get to and assess
the plant atmosphere conditions over the web. The system would me ensure readings of temperature,
humidity, soil moisture around plants. The system would give history of readings which would help
farmers screen the managing factors of plant advancement. Also, overriding actual work would decrease
botches while covering a colossal area.

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 CHAPTER 6
6. CONCLUSION
In this project, Smart plant monitoring system designed and developed using Arduino mega2560
with moisture, DHT11 sensor and BME180 sensor. In previous, they are using different techniques
for providing automatic watering to the plants. In this framework, a strategy is intended to make
effectively give the programmed watering to the plants. The contraptions work without the need of
pc if once modified and furthermore it is compact, more affordable. Finally, the conclusion is a
system for automatic water supply using humidity has designed and developed in a simple way.
The target of our investigation was to introduce the data about the utilization of mechanized
checking and controlling strategy in the Plant Monitoring framework. The plant monitoring
framework is the new plant development strategy for the cutting edge agribusiness. Its reality can
permit delivering food entire year with no stretch. The framework could make an amazing set which
supports the economical city everyday routine for those people groups who need to experience in
metropolitan region. In addition, during plant development from planting to collect time, the
techniques received in the plant monitoring framework require a little hand-worked commitment,
obstruction with respect to actual presence, and aptitude in space information on plants, climate
control, and activities to keep up and control the development of the plant. Along these lines, the
framework is considered up to this point to be to some degree unacceptable for the producer, and
because of the above reasons, rarely to discover an establishment. We audited the writing and found
that execution of cutting edge checking innovation could give an occasion to the rancher to screen
and control without utilizing lab instruments, and the rancher can handle the whole framework
distantly. Along these lines, it could diminish the idea of the convenience of the framework because
of the confounded manual observing and controlling cycle. The innovation offers staggering open
doors for the plant monitoring framework to build the ability, unwavering quality, and accessibility
among the ranchers and cultivators. We accept that our audit article will add to the selection of the
high level checking innovation in the plant monitoring framework. Nonetheless, the procedure gives
a scope of data which could be needed by plant researchers to give a more prominent comprehension
of how these natural and supplement boundaries correspond with plant development.

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REFERENCES
[1] For Arduino tutorials www.arduino.cc/.

[2] AZoNanotechnology Article: "Precision

Farming - Nanotech Methods Used, Such as 'Brilliant Dust', Smart Fields' and Nano
sensors:"http://www.azonano.com/details.asp.ArticleID=131
8.
[3] C. Arun, K. Lakshmi Sudha, "Agricultural Management using Wireless Sensor Networks - A
Survey", 2nd International Conference on Environment Science and Biotechnology IPCBEE vol.
48, 2012, IACSIT Press, Singapore.
[4] For LCD display: https://arduinoinfo.wikispaces.com/LCD-Blue-I2C
[5] For 2 relay module https://arduinoinfo.wikispaces.com/RelayIsolation

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