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 INDEX
QURAN
TOPIC PAGE DATE OF TEACHER’S PARENTS
NUMBER TEACHING SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
1) Surah-e-Takassur 7
2) Surah-e Alam Nashrah 8
3) Surah-e-Teen 9
4) Ayat by topic 10
5) Short Duas 11
6) Duas of Wudu 12
7) Names of Surahs 13
8) Specifics of Surahs 14
9) Quranic Information 15
10) Nad-e-Ali 16

AQAAID
TOPIC PAGE DATE OF TEACHER’S PARENTS
NUMBER TEACHING SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
1) Angels 19
2) Prophethood & Miracles 20
3) Sifaate-e-Sabootea 21
4) Sifaate-e-Salbeea 22
5) Blessings of Allah 23
6) Justice 24

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 FIQH
TOPIC PAGE DATE OF TEACHER’S PARENTS
NUMBER TEACHING SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
1) Taqleed 27
2) Types of Water 29
3) Najasaat 30
4) Mutahiaat 32
5) Rulings on utensils 34
6) Wudhu 35
7) Wudhu Jabeera 39
8) Shower (Ghusul) 40
9) Tayamum 42
10) Obligations of Namaz 44
11) Timings of Namaz 46
12) Fasting 47

ETHICS
TOPIC PAGE DATE OF TEACHER’S PARENTS
NUMBER TEACHING SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
1) Etiquettes of Majlis-e-aza 51
2) Gossiping 53
3) Vain (Useless) talking 55
4) Thanking Allah SWT 56
5) Importance of knowledge 58
6) Forgiveness 60
7) Importance of Salawat 61
8) Tasbeeh-e-Fatima (a.s.) 63
9) Lying 65
10) Praying Namaz on time 66
11) Disobeying parents 67

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 HISTORY
TOPIC PAGE DATE OF TEACHER’S PARENTS
NUMBER TEACHING SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
1) Hazrat Idrees (a.s.) 71
2) Hazrat Issa (a.s.) 72
3) Hazrat Yahya (a.s.) 74
4) The battle of Khyber 76
5) Prophet’s Mairaj 78
6) Eid-e-Ghadeer 80
7) Imam Jaffer Sadiq(a.s.) 82
8) Imam Musa Kazim (a.s.) 83
9) Imam Mahdi (a.s.) 85
10) Hazrat Owais Qurni (r.a.) 87
11) Ashab-e-Kehaf 89

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4
QURAN

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6
 SURAH-E-TAKASSUR

TRANSLATION
The mutual rivalry for piling up (the good things of this world) diverts
you (from the more serious things),
Until ye visit the graves.
But nay, ye soon shall know (the reality).
Again, ye soon shall know!
Nay, were ye to know with certainty of mind, (ye would beware!)
Ye shall certainly see Hell-Fire!
Again, ye shall see it with certainty of sight!
Then, shall ye be questioned that Day about the joy (ye indulged in!).

IMPORTANCE:
The Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) said:
● Whoever recites this Surah, Allah SWT will not take
accountability from him about the worldly blessings
given to him.
● Whoever recites this Surah, while it is raining, Allah SWT will
forgive all his sins, as the recitation ends.
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 SURAH-E-ALAM NASHRAH

TRANSLATION:
1. Did We not expand for you, [O Muhammad], your breast?
2. And We removed from you your burden.
3. Which had weighed upon your back
4. And raised high for you your repute.
5. For indeed, with hardship [will be] ease.
6. Indeed, with hardship [will be] ease.
7. So when you have finished [your duties], then stand up [for
worship].
8. And to your Lord direct [your] longing.

REMOVAL OF THE GRIEF OF THE PROPHET (P.B.U.H.)

The Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) said, “One who recites
this Surah will get the sawab of the person who has
removed the grief of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.)

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 SURAH-E-TEEN

TRANSLATION:
1) By the fig and the olive
2) And [by] Mount Sinai
3) And [by] this secure city [Makkah],
4) We have certainly created man in the best of
stature;
5) Then We return him to the lowest of the low,
6) Except for those who believe and do righteous deeds, for they will
have a reward uninterrupted.
7) So what yet causes you to deny the Recompense?
8) Is not Allah the most just of judges?
THE GOOD NEWS OF JANNAT:
Imam Jaffer Sadiq (a.s.) said, “
“One who recites this Surah in his recommended and obligatory namaz,
inshallah he will get Jannat as his wish and desire.”
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 AYATS BY TOPICS
1) EATING PURE AND HALAAL FOOD:

Translation: O people! Eat of the lawful and pure

things in the earth and follow not in the footsteps of Satan. For surely he is
your open enemy (Surah-e-Baqarah: ayat 168)

2) THE IMPACT OF GOOD (NAIKI):

Translation: And establish prayer at the two ends of the

day and in parts of the night. No doubt, good deeds
obliterate evildeeds. This is admonition for the persons
accepting admonition. (Surah-al-hud: ayat 114)

3) COOPERATION IN GOOD (NAIKI):

Translation: And cooperate in righteousness and piety, but

do not cooperate in sin and aggression
(Surah-e-Mayda: ayat 114)

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 ‫‪SHORT DUAS‬‬
‫‪1) FOR MEMORY:‬‬

‫‪2) FOR READING:‬‬

‫ت ْال َوھْ ِم‬ ‫اَلَّل ُھ َّم اَ ْخرجْ نِیْ ِمنْ ُ‬
‫ظلُ َما ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َو اَ ْک ِرمْ نِیْ ِب ُن ْو ِر ْال َفھ ِْم‬
‫اب َرحْ َمتِکْ‬ ‫اَلَّل ُھ َّم ال ْف َتحْ َعلَ ْی َنا اَب َْو َ‬
‫شرْ َعلَ ْی َنا َخ َزآئ َِن عُلُ ْو ِمک ِْب َرحْ َمتِکَ َیا اَرْ َح َم ْال َرا ِ‬
‫ح ِمیْن‬ ‫َوا ْن ُ‬

‫‪3) FOR SAFETY:‬‬

‫َیا َولیَّ ا ْل َعافِ َیہْ َن ْْٔسلُکَ ا ْل َعافِ َیہْ َو َد َوا َم ا ْل َعافِ َیہْ‬
‫اْلخ َِر ْۃ ِا َّنکَ َع ٰلی ُک ِّل َشیْ ٍء َق ِد ْی ُر‬ ‫َعافِ َی َۃ ال ّدین َوال ّد ْن َیا َو ْ ٰ‬
‫ِ ِ‬

‫‪11‬‬
 DUAS FOR WUDHU
1) Dua while putting water in nose:

O Lord! Do not deprive me of the fragrance of Paradise, and

make me of those who smell its fragrance and perfume.

2) Dua while washing face:

O Lord! Make my face bright on the Day when the faces will
turn dark. Do not darken my face on the Day when the face
s are bright.

3) Dua while washing right hand:

O Lord! Give my book of deeds in my right hand, and a

permanent stay in Paradise on my left, and make my reckoning
an easy one.
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 NAMES OF SURAHS

1) Anbia ………………………………………………..……….Prophets

2) Haj……………………………………………………………………..Haj.

3) Mominoon…………………………………………………………Believers.

4) Noor……………………………………………….…………………Light.

5) Furqan………………………………………………………………Standard.

6) Shuara……………………………………………………..……….Poets.

7) Namal………………………………………………………………..Ant.

8) Qasas………………………………………………………………..Stories.

9) Ankaboot………………………………………….………………Spider.

10) Rome………………………………………………………Rome.

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 SPECIFICS OF SURAHS

1) FOR WEAK MEMORY:

One who has weak memory, should recite Surah-e-

shams regularly. Allah SWT improves his memory
who does so.

2) FOR REMOVAL OF DISEASES:

One who wants that he should get rid of all

diseases, then he should recite Surah Al-hamd
and Surah-e-Akhlas, as these two Surahs drive
away all illnesses.

3) FOR PROTECTION OF SINS:

One who recites Surah-e-Akhlas 11 times after
the morning Namaz (fajar), he will not sin that
day, no matter how much the Satan tries.

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 QURANIC INFORMATION

1) THE IMPORTANCE OF THE RECITATION OF THE HOLY QURAN:

The house in which the Holy Quran is recited:
a) Prosperity increases
b) The angels come Satan runs away.
c) The house shines for the inhabitants of the sky, just the
way the stars shine for the people on earth.

1) THE IMPORTANCE OF MEMORIZING THE HOLY QURAN:

● The one who tries to memorize the Holy Quran and tries hard
because of weak memory then Allah SWT will give him two rewards:
a) for memorization AND
b) for the effort. (Imam Jaffer Sadiq a.s.)
● One who memorizes and follows the Holy Quran will stand in the line
of Prophets. (Imam Jaffer Sadiq a.s.)

2) QURAN IN ARABIC LANGUAGE:

● Allah SWT says in the Holy Quran that “We revealed Quran
in Arabic language, so people may think and reflect.”
● Arabs were famous for their eloquence and they were arrogant of it.
Allah SWT, through the eloquence of the Holy Quran, ended their
arrogance.
● The Arabs used to hang their poetry on the Holy Kaa’ba. When the
Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) hung Surah-e-Kausar on the Holy Kaa’ba, on
the command of Allah SWT, then a poet said, this is not a write up of
a human being.
● In all the languages, Arabic language is the richest as in Arabic, there
are multiple meanings of a single word.

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 NAD-E-ALI (a.s.)

TRANSLATION:
Call on Ali,
(He) is able to bring about the extraordinary.
You will find him an effective
supporter in all calamities.
(All) worries and sorrows will soon disappear .
by Your greatness of O Allah, By Your Prophethood O Mohammed, By
your Vicergency

O Ali! O Ali! O Ali!

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AQAID

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18
 ANGELS
The angels have been created with “light” (noor) and they perform
various tasks, as assigned by Allah SWT. Every angel has been created
for a specific task and he shall keep on doing it till the day of Judgment.
Some angels with their assigned tasks are:

1) HAZRAT JIBRAEL (a.s.): responsible for transmitting the message of

Allah SWT to the Prophet.

2) HAZRAT MIKAEL (a.s.): distributes sustenance amongst the people.

3) HAZRAT IZRAEL (a.s.): responsible for taking away human spirit at

the time of his death.

4) KARAM-UN-KATIBEEN: are with the people all the time and they
note the good and the sins that people do.

5) MUNKIR O NAKEER: Responsible to question the dead in the

grave.

6) HAZRAT ISRAFEL (a.s.): responsible for blowing the trumpet on the

day of judgment.

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 PROPHETHOOD AND MIRACLES
The Prophets sent by Allah SWT are different from the normal
people. There are certain qualities found in Prophets that are not
present in other humans. One of these specialties is “Miracle.”
What is a Miracle?
Miracle is an act that a normal person cannot do. But the Prophets do it
to prove their truth. Allah SWT has sent different Prophets with
miracles. Some of them are as follows:
1) HAZRAT ISA (a.s.):
He used to give life to the dead. He cured sick
people from their illness. As he moved his hand on
the sick person, they used to get free from illness.
2) HAZRAT MUSA (a.s.):
As he used to throw his stick, it turned in a snake.
3) HAZRAT DAWOOD (a.s.):
As he used to touch iron and steel, it turned soft (which is not a
property of iron, except when it is hot.)
4) THE HOLY PROPHET (P.B.U.H.):
He had many miracles e.g. dividing the moon into
two pieces, the trees bending to say salaam to
Him, clouds sheltering Him, telling about the unknown etc.
The biggest miracle of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) is the Holy
Quran. There is no other book like the Holy Quran. There can be
no change in the Holy Quran till the day of Judgment as Allah SWT
has taking the responsibility of it Himself.
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 SIFAAT-E-SABOOTEA
The qualities that are found in Allah SWT are called
“Sifaat-e-sabootea.”
Though all good traits are found in Allah SWT. Some of
them are as follows:
1) AALIM: means Allah SWT knows everything.

2) QADIR: means Allah SWT has power over everything.

3) HAEE: means Allah SWT is alive.

4) MUREED: means Allah SWT is not helpless but is the One with
intention.

5) MUDRIK: means Allah SWT hears, sees and understands

everything and is aware of everything.

6) QADEEM: means Allah SWT is from always.

7) MUTAKALLIM: means Allah SWT converses (does kalaam), but is

not dependent on lips, tongues or mouth for it.

8) SADIQ: Allah SWT is truthful and never lies.

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 SIFAAT E SALBEA
The qualities that are not found in Allah SWT are called
“Sifaat-e-salbeea.”
Though no bad traits are found in Allah SWT. Some of
them are as follows:
1) NOT MURAKAB: means Allah SWT is not made of a compound of
things.

2) NO BODY: means Allah SWT has no body

3) NOT MURAEE: means Allah SWT cannot be seen, neither in the

world nor in akhirat.

4) NO SPECIFIC PLACE: means Allah SWT is not found in a specific

place.

5) NO PARTNER: means there is no partner with Allah SWT in

anything.

6) NOT MASAFEE: means the attributes of Allah SWT are not

separate from Allah SWT.

7) NOT DEPENDENT: means Allah SWT is not dependent on anyone

for anything.

8) NO CHANGE WITH TIME: means there is no change in Allah SWT

with the passage of time
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 THE BLESSINGS OF ALLAH SWT
Do you know how many Blessings Allah SWT has blessed us with?
Allah SWT created air, so we can breath, created water so we can drink
and keep ourselves clean, made trees so we can have sweet and tasty
fruits. Allah SWT created sun so we can have light and heat during the
day, the moon and stars so we have light at night. Created sea so we
can get water from it, travel through it, get fish from it and extract
valuable pearls from it. Then created silver, gold and valuable stones in
land so we can make jewelry from it. Besides, from earth we get oil,
gas, coal so as to use it for fuel.
Then Allah SWT gave us eyes to see, tongue to taste food flavors, ears
for hearing, hands for working, legs for walking. And most important,
mind for thinking. Had Allah SWT not given us all these bodily functions
as blessings, we would not have been able to enjoy or take advantage
of all the bounties of the world.
Who has given the blessing of the world and of ourselves? But Allah
SWT.
We should thank Allah SWT as a response to these. Narrations say, the
best gratitude to Allah SWT is that his given blessings should not be
used for disobedience against Him.
QUESTIONS:
Q1) Which blessings has Allah SWT created for all humans in the world?
Q2) Name some blessings of our bodies.
Q3) Which is the biggest blessing of Allah SWT?
Q4) What should we do in response to the blessings of Allah SWT?
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 JUSTICE
Dear children, have you ever thought that how the fishes stay alive in
the water? If we go in the water, we cannot stay alive for more than a
few seconds. Who teaches these fishes how to breathe in water? Allah
SWT has given them special lungs with which they take the oxygen
present in the water, but these lungs don’t take the water in.
Dear children, have you ever noticed how birds fly in the air? They
jump from the trees and mountains but don’t fall on the ground. In fact
they start flying in the air with the help of their wings. Who has given
them the wings to fly?
Dear children, do you know that a camel can stay without water in the
dessert for days, as camel reserves water in his body. In extreme
winters, how does the bear survives the cold weather? They have
special hair on their body that protect them from cold and keep them
warm.
Dear children, all of them have been created by Allah SWT and He only
protects them; whether His creation is in water or on land, in cold areas
or in deserts. Allah SWT has given all His creations the body that suits
their weather and needs so they can live easily. As Allah SWT knows the
best how to raise His creations. This is called the “Justice” (Adal) of
Allah. This means to provide the blessings to all Creations as per their
need. For us Justice is to keep everything in its place& use it correctly.
QUESTIONS
Q1) How does the fish survive in water?
Q2) How do the birds fly in the air?
Q3) Which special blessing has Allah SWT given to the camel?
Q4) What is Justice (Adal)?
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FIQH

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26
 TAQLEED
DEFINITION:
To follow the fatwa(ruling) of Mujtahid on a religious issue.
CONDITIONS:
The Mujtahid who is followed, should have the following:
a) Should be a man
b) Should be adult (Baligh)
c) Should be Sane (Aaqil)
d) Should be the believer of 12 Imams
a.s.(Shia Isna shri)
e) Should be a legitimate child
f) Should be alive
g) Should be Just (Aadil)
ARGUMENTS:
We go to the specialist of every field for the relevant concern. For
example, we go to the doctor when we are ill, to the teacher for
studies, to the engineer for machines etc. Similarly it is important that
we go to a Mujtahid for understanding religious issues.
FOR WHAT ISSUES TAQLEED IS REQUIRED:
● There is no Taqleed in Usool-e-deen (e.g. Tawheed, Adal,
Nabuwat, Imammat, qayamat)
● Taqleed is obligatory in Furoo-e-deen (e.g. Namaz, Fasting, Haj etc)

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WAY OF IDENTIFYING MUJTAHID:
The Mujtahid who is followed can be identified through three ways:
1) Your believe yourself.
2) Two fair people give its testimony
3) “Ahl-e-khabra” give testimony.
Ahl-e-khabra are the ones who are close to becoming a Mujtahid.

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 TYPES OF WATER
A) MUZZAF WATER: The water that is derived from something or
something is added in it. E.g. watermelon’s water, rose extract
etc
B) MUTLAQ WATER: Besides Muzzaf, all water is called as Mutlaq
water. Mutlaq water has the following types:

1) KURR WATER: which is approximately 384 liters or more. If

something which is inherently unclean (Ain Najis) E.g. Urine,
blood or Najis clothes, falls in kurr water and changes the
colour, smell or taste of the water, then the water will turn Najis
otherwise it will not.
2) LESS (QALEEL) WATER: the water that does not come out from
earth and whose quantity is less than one kurr. When Qaleel
water falls on something najis or something najis falls in qaleel
water, then this water becomes najis.
3) CONTINOUSLY FALLING (JAREE) WATER: This is the water which
is flowing continuously. E.g. lake water.
Jaree water, even if less than kurr, does not get najis
on the mixing of najasat; on the condition that the
colour, taste or smell of the water does not change.
4) RAIN WATER: the rain water purifies everything in one go
except the absolute najis (Ain najis) and Najis.
5) WELL WATER: the well water, even though it may be
less than one kurr, does not become najis with
najasat, unless the colour, taste or smell of the water changes.

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 NAJASAAT
1) URINE OR STOOL:
● The urine and stool is Najis of humans and every animal
whose flesh is Haraam (not allowed) and whose blood is
Jahinda ( means if its vein is cut, the blood will gush out
with a jump)
● The stool of animals is clean whose meat is haram but their
blood doesn’t come out with a gush. E.g. the fish whose
meat is not allowed.
● The excretion is clean (pak) of small animals/insects who
have no flesh e.g. mosquitos, flies etc
● The birds whose flesh is haram e.g. eagle, crow, parrot etc;
their urine and excretion is pak (ruling of Ayatullah Sistani)

2) BLOOD:
● The blood of human and of any animal with
blood that gushes out (jahinda) is haram.
● Accordingly, any animal whose blood doesn’t
gushes out with a jump, is clean. E.g. fish,
mosquito etc.

3) DOG AND PIG:

● Dog and Pig are Najis, even their hair, bones, claws, nails
and secretions (saliva etc) are najis.

4) INFIDELS (Kafir):
Kafir is any person who denies the existence
or oneness of Allah SWT. Kafir is Najis.
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 ● GHALI: the ones who call any Aimaah(a.s.) as Lord are also
Najis.
● KHARJI & NASBI: those people who keep hatred and Malice
for Aimaah (a.s.) are also najis.
● Those people who deny the Prophethood of Prophet or the
any necessities of religion e.g. Namaz, fasting etc are also
Najis.
But, the followers of a holy book, (ahl-e-kitab) are not najis. The people
who are unanimously counted as Ahlu '1-kitab are: the Jews, the
Christians and the Zoroastrians.
5) ALCOHOL:
● Alcohol is Najis.
● The non-liquid intoxicants are haram (forbidden) but
not najis.
● Perfumes and medical alcohol that are used in hospitals
(e.g. alcohol swabs) are also clean (pak).

6) THE PERSPIRATION OF AN ANIMAL WHO EATS NAJIS:

● The perspiration of a camel who is habitual of eating
human excretions (najasaat), is Najis.
● In this way, on the basis of Ahtiyat-e-Wajib, the
perspiration of other such animals is also najis.

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 MUTAHARAAT
Water and Earth can make anything clean in the following way:
1) WATER:
● Water is the biggest Mutahhir (one the makes things clean).
Water makes all Najis things clean.
● But those things that don’t accept Taharaat,
water cannot purify them. For example, blood,
dog, pig etc cannot be made clean, no matter
how much they are washed
● Similarly, oil that does not take water because of its
greasiness, cannot be made clean(pak) with water.
● Water can clean the unclean (Najis) with the following four
conditions:
a) Should be mutlaq
b) Should be pure (Pak)
c) Water should not turn Muzaaf after washing the unlean (Najis)
thing
d) Water should not have remains of the absolute unclean thing ( Ain
Najis) after washing the Najis

2) EARTH/ GROUND:
● The earth cleans the foot sole and the
bottom of shoe on the following four
conditions:
a) The earth/land should be clean (Pak)
b) The earth should be dry.
c) Najasat should have come form ground.
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d) If while walking, the bottom of the feet or the bottom of the shoe
becomes Najis, then by walking or rubbing it on the ground, it
once again becomes Tahir, with the condition that the najasat is
removed.

● If by walking or rubbing on the ground, the najasat on the

bottom of the shoe or foot is removed, then it will become
Tahir, but it is better that a minimum of 15 steps are walked.
● It should be made clear that except foot & shoe, the tires of
the car do not become clean (Pak) like this.

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 RULLING ABOUT UTENCILS
● There are two ways to wash unclean utensils with Qaleel
water.
1) The utensil should be filled with water thrice and then emptied.
2) Put sufficient amount of water in the utensil, and rinse it in such a
way that water reaches all unclean places and then throw it off.

● On the basis of Ahtiyat-e-wajib, it is forbidden (haram) to eat

in gold and silver utensils.
● There is no harm in eating and drinking in utensils that have
been coated with gold and silver water.
● There is no harm in using in eating in drinking in a utensil
about which it is unknown that if it is of silver, gold or of
some other metal.
● If a big utensil e.g. a big pot gets Najis, then filling it with
water thrice and emptying it every time will make it clean
(Pak).
● If the utensil after being Najis gets so greasy that the water
cannot reach it, then it is essential to remove the grease so
that water can reach it.

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 WUDHU
Q1) What is Wudhu?
A1) Wudhu is to wash the face, both hands, and the Massah of the
head and foot, as ordered by Allah SWT.

Q2) How many actions have to be performed in Wudhu?

A2) There are 9 actions that have to be performed in Wudhu. Three of
them are Mustahib and the remaining 6 are Wajib.

Q3)Which are the three Mustahib actions in Wudhu?

A3) The three mustahib actions are:
1) To wash both palms till wrist twice.
2) To gargle thrice and to swap finger on the teeth while gargling
3) To put the water in the nose thrice.
Q4)Which are the six Obligatory (wajib) actions in Wudhu?
A4) The four Obligatory (Wajib) actions are:
1) Niyyat
2) Washing face
3) Washing right hand
4) Washing left hand
5) The Wiping (Massah) of head
6) The Wiping (Massah) of left and right foot

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Q5) How much are we supposed to wash the face in length and
breadth?
A5) The face in length has to be washed from the top of forehead from
where the hair growth starts to the chin. In
breadth, the face has to be washed as much as it
comes in the middle finger and thumb. To make
sure that all of this area has been washed, the
sides should be washed additionally too.

Q6) How much the right hand should be washed?

A6) The right hand should be washed from the elbow
to the end of the fingers, that is till the nails. To make
sure that the required area has been washed, the
upper part of the elbow should be washed
additionally.
Q7) How much the left hand should be washed?
A7) The left hand should be washed like the right hand that is from the
upper part of the elbow to the tips of fingers.
NOTE: Though the palms are washed in the beginning of the Wudhu,
but while washing both the hands, wash fingers till ends.
Q8) Who should we do the Massah of head?
A8) The wetness of Wudhu water which is on the in hand, should be
used to do Wiping (Massah) of the head. Wipe the front most quarter
of the head with the moisture that remains in your right hand. The
moisture must reach the scalp however if the hair is so short that it

36
cannot be combed, it is sufficient to wipe your hair. While wiping the
head, your hand should not touch your forehead
Q9) Which is the best way to do Wiping (Massah) of head?
A9) The best way to do Massah is to Wipe from the upper part of the
head downwards (from the back of the head towards the face).
Q10) Is the wiping done if the hand is kept on head and pulled down
little bit?
A10) It is recommended to wipe the length of at least one finger.
Wiping can be done with one finger only; however it is recommended
to use three fingers together (the middle finger, index finger and ring
finger).
Q11) How is the wiping of feet done?
A11) Wipe your feet with the moisture that
remains in your hands. Wipe starting from the tip
of any toe up till the ankle joint. It is better to wipe at least the width of
three joined fingers (the middle finger, index finger and ring finger),
and better yet to wipe your entire foot with your entire hand. At the
time of wiping the foot, actually pull the hand from toes to the ankle
joint (as described above) along the length of the toe-tips till the
ankles. Do not just place your whole hand on your foot and pull up a
little.
Q12) Which foot should be wiped first and which hand should be used
to wipe which foot?
A12) First the right foot should be wiped and then the left foot. Wipe
your right foot with your right hand, and your left foot with your left
hand.
37
EXPLANATION:
● Be careful that all actions of Wudhu should be done without any
gap. This is called “Molaat”, which means one after the other. If
there is distance, for example one stops after washing face, and
then after a while washes right hand, then Wudhu is nullified
(Batil), because continuity is important for Wudhu.
● One more important condition of Wudhu is that the parts of
Wudhu at the time of Wudhu and Wiping (Massah), should be
clean (Pak).

38
 JABIRA WUDHU
● Al-jaba’’ir are bandages (in the term of the time) or others which
are put on fractures, wounds, cuts, and abscesses.

● The wudhu done on Jabira is called “Wudhu-e-Jabira”.

● If it is possible for one to wash or rub the affected area

without any harm, then it is obligatory on him to do
the Wudhu. This means that in this condition Wudhu-e-Jabira is
not allowed.

● The surrounding area should be washed as explained in the

regular Wudhu.

● If the wound has spread over the place of swiping (Massah), and
swiping is not possible, then place a clean cloth on the wound and
with the moist of hands, do Massah on the cloth.

● The prayers that one has offered with Wudhu-e-Jabira

are valid.

● One can pray more Namaz with one Wudhu-e-Jabira too.

● Where its possible to open the bandage and water is not harmful
for it, then it is essential to open it and do Wudhu.

● In case of doubt that if it is Wudhu or Wudhu-e-Jabira

then its essential to perform both.
39
 GHUSL
The washing of the whole body in a specific way, as ordered by Allah
SWT and prescribed by Islamic law is called Ghusl.

CONDITIONS OF GHUSL:
1) After Ghusl, no part of body shall remain dry.
2) In Ghusl, if a part as thin as hair also remains unwashed, then the
Ghusl is invalid.
3) It is not obligatory to wash the inner side of ears, nose and all
other internal parts of the body.
4) In case of urgency/unavailability, Tayamum can be done in place
of Ghusl.
TYPES OF GHUSL:
1) OBLIGATORY GHUSL (GHUSL-E-WAJIB)
There are 7 types of Wajib Ghusl.
1) Janabat, (2) Haiz, (3) Nifas. (4) Istihaza (5) Mayyit, (6) Mass al-
Maiyit. and (7) The ghusl of nadhar, qasam or ‘ahd
2) RECOMMENDED GHUSL ( GHUSL-E-MUSTAHAB)
The famous recommended Ghusl are approximately 27. They
include Friday Ghusl, Eid Ghusl, Ghusl of the day of Arf’a etc

40
WAYS OF DOING GHUSL:
1) Ghusl tartibi : In this way of ghusl, the body is washed in three
stages. This Ghusl is done step by step. This ghusl is preferable

2) Ghusl Irtimasi: It can be done in pools or rivers only. In it the

whole body is immersed in the water at once after the niyyah, not
gradually.

WAYS OF DOING GHUSL-E-TARTIBI:

1) First, the head down to the chamber-bone is washed including
the face and neck.
2) Second, the right side of the body is washed from the shoulders
down to the feet. It should be made sure that all parts of the
right side have been washed.
3) Third the left side of the body is washed from the shoulders
down to the feet. It should be made sure that all parts of the
left side have been washed.
MISTAKES IN GHUSL:
● Not to perform Ghusl in the three systematic steps.
● Not to remove things that may prevent the water from
reaching the body E.g. Nail polish, oil etc.
● It is important to remove these things before
Wudhu and Ghusl, otherwise Ghusl and Wudhu
are invalid.
● To consider tayamum as incorrect in place of
Ghusl. In the law of Shariah, tayamum can be done in place of
Wudhu or Ghusl.

41
 TAYAMMUM
Tayamum is done when one cannot do Wudhu or Ghusl because of
some limitations. The conditions of Tayamum are:
1) When there is no possibility of finding water sufficient for ghusl or
wudhu
2) When there is any danger to life or health from the use of water
3) When there is not much time left for Namaz and doing Wudhu
may pass the Namaz time.
THINGS UPON WHICH TAYAMMUM IS PERMISSIBLE:
(a) Earth; (b) Sand; (c) Chunks of sand or earth -- other than baked in
fire; (d) Stones - other than minerals; (e) If the first mentioned four
things are not available then, and only then, it is permissible to do
tayammum on the dust which gathers upon the mats, floors, desks etc.;
(f) If the dust, also, cannot be found, then it is allowed to do
tayammum on mud.
● There are two conditions of the thing on which tayammum is
done:
a) It should be clean (Pak)
b) It should by Mubah _ not Ghasbi (snatched from someone)
THE RULINGS ON TAYAMMUM:
● Tayammum is done in place of Wudhu or Ghusl.
● There is no difference in both Tayammum (i.e. for Wudhu and
Ghusl) except for the Niyyat. The procedure will stay the same.
● Those things that make Ghusl and Wudhu void (Batil) are the same
that make Tayammum (done in place of Wudhu & Tayammum)
also void.
42
● Those things that are correct/valid with Ghusl and Wudhu are also
valid/correct for Tayammum (done in place of Wudhu &
Tayammum).
● While doing Tayammum, if there is a ring on the finger, it should
be removed.
● In Tayammum, the forehead and hands should be swipped
(Massah) from up to down.
THE WAY OF DOING TAYAMMUM:
1. Niyyah: I am doing tayammum in place of wudhu or ghusl (as the
case may be), so that my prayer or fast (as the case may be) may
be correct, wajib or sunnat (as the case may be) qurbatan ilal-
Laah.
2. Strike palms of both hands together upon the thing on which
tayammum is correct
3. Pull both palms together from the beginning of the forehead down
to the point of the nose. Both sides of the forehead joining the
ears should be included in it. Eyes and cheeks are not to be
included.
4. Then pull the left palm upon the back of the right hand from the
projecting small bone on the wrist up to the fingertips
5. Then pull the right palm on the back of the left palm likewise:
6. Strike the palms together upon earth etc. second time
7. Pull the left palm on the back of right hand, as explained above
8. Pull the right palm on the back of the left hand, as explained
above.

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 WAJIBAT (OBLIGATORY ACTS) OF PRAYER
The acts that are obligatory in Namaz are called Wajibat-e-Namaz.
There are 11 Wajibat in Namaz. Out of these 11, 5 are Wajibat-e-rukn
and the others are Wajibat-e-ghayr rukn. The other acts besides Namaz
(like Qunoot) and Zikr (like Astaghfar) are recommended (Mustahib)

WAJIBAT-E-RUKN
Rukn means such actions which invalidate the prayer if they are left out
or added, though unintentionally. If one adds more, unintentionally
(e.g. doing 2 rukus instead of one) then the Salat will become batil
(void)
Wajibat-e-Rukn are five. These include:
(1) Niyyah
(2) Takbiratul-Ihram
(3) Qiyam at the time of Takbiratul-Ihram and just before going to Ruku
(4) Ruku
(5) Both sajdahs together.

44
WAJIBAT-E- GHAYR RUKN
Ghayr rukn means such wajib acts which invalidate the prayer if they
are left out, or added, intentionally. But they do not invalidate the
prayer if they are left or added unintentionally. These are the
remaining wajib acts of prayer, which are:
1) Qira'at: to recite Surah al-Hamd and another Surah in first two
rak’ats and Tasbihat al-Arba’ah or Surah al-Hamd in the 3rd and
4th rak’ats.
2) Dhikr: to recite tasbih in ruku’ and sajdah,
3) Tashahhud
4) Salaam.
5) Tartib: To pray in the sequence prescribed by the shari’ah.
6) Mawalaat: To pray without interruption or gap.

45
 TIMES OF PRAYER
THE TIME OF THE FIVE PRAYERS:
● Morning prayers…………………from subh al-sadiq, ending at sunrise
● Zuhr & Asr……………………..….from exact noon, ending at sunset.
● Maghrib & I’sha……………..…Starts after sunset ending at midnight

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SUNSET & SHARIAH SUNSET:

● The time of Maghrib Namaz in Ahl-e-Sunnah is called Sunset time.
● In fiqh-e-jafria the time of Maghrib Namaz is called as “Ghuroob-e-
sharai” (maghrib)
● The difference between ghuroob-e-sharai and sunset is 12
minutes.
THE TIMINGS OF QAZ’A:
● Namaz-e-Fjar: Is Qaza at sunrise.
● Namaz-e-Zuhr: Is Qaza when only four rak’ats
time of As’r remains to sunset.
● Namaz-e-As’r: Is Qaza at sunset.
● Namaz-e-Maghrib: Is Qaza when only four
rak’ats I’sha time remains to exact mid-night.
● Namaz-e-Isha: Is Qaza at midnight.

46
 FASTING
DEFINITION: Avoiding food, water and other things from the Morning
prayer to sunset (Maghrib), for the sake of Allah SWT, is called Fasting.
NIYYAT: It is not necessary that one does Niyyat in the heart or
verbally, E.g. saying that “I will fast tomorrow”. Infact, the intention of
is enough. The niyyat of the entire fasting of the Holy month of
Ramadan, can be done on the first of Ramadan.
THE QUERIES ON FASTING:
⮚ Roza is void (batil), if one eats, drinks, vomits
intentionally or if the dust reaches the throat.
⮚ If the person who is fasting, eats or drinks
unintentionally, then the Fast (Roza) stays Valid.
⮚ Roza does not get invalid (Batil), with the use of Injections or
Drips. (even if the drip is taken for energy).
⮚ Putting medicine in eyes or ears does not invalidate the Roza, even
if the flavor of medicine reaches the throat.
⮚ If the flavor of medicine put in the nose, does not reach the
throat, then the Roza stays valid.
⮚ If the person who is fasting, intentionally swallows
the food stuck in the teeth, then the Roza gets void
(Batil).
⮚ Swallowing of spit does not invalidate the Fast
(Roza).
⮚ There is no harm in swallowing the head and chest phlegm, until it
is not in the inner side of the mouth. However, once it reaches the
mouth, it is better not to swallow it.
47
⮚ Immersing the whole head in the water does not
invalidate the Fast (Roza) but it is intensely
Makrooh (Not recommended).
⮚ If vomiting happens without intention, Roza
stays Valid.
⮚ It is Makrooh (Not recommended) to gargle
without a reason while Fasting.

48
ETHICS

49
50
 MANNERISM OF MAJLIS-E-AZA
Every gathering has some manners. Similarly there are manners of
Majlis-e-Aza also. Majlis-e-Aza is held for the mourning of Imam
Hussain (a.s.) and the martyr of Karbala, so these Majlises should be
highly respected. The following should be considered carefully in regard
to Majlis-e-Aza.
⮚ The right foot should be placed first while entering Majlis-e-Aza.
⮚ When you enter Majlis (if the Majlis has not started), the
attendees of Majlis should be greeted with Salaam.
⮚ Before entering, the shoes should be kept in a corner. One should
not place their shoes on someone’s
shoes.
⮚ In Majlis-e-Aza, one should sit wherever
the place is available. Climbing others to
go ahead should be avoided.
⮚ It is bad to talk, eat or sleep during
Majlis, so this should be avoided.
⮚ One should cry during the narration of grief (Masaib). If he cannot
cry, then should sit with the head down.
⮚ After sitting once in the Majlis, it is not advisable to get up
repeatedly.
⮚ One should avoid taking playful things in Majlis-e-Aza.
⮚ Once the Majlis ends, one should avoid running for leaving.
⮚ If one doesn’t find his shoes, he should avoid wearing someone
else’s shoes to leave.
⮚ One should wait for their turn to take Niyaz. Only one niyaz should
be taken per person.
51
⮚ Whatever one listens to in the Majlis-e-Aza, they should come
home and tell others too and should try to follow it.
⮚ Girls should wear proper Hijab while going for Majlis-e-Aza.
⮚ We should help each other in the work of Majlis-e-Aza.
⮚ The important points of Majlis should be noted down in a diary.

52
 GOSSIPING
DEFINITION:
“Talking about your believing Brother (Momin), in his absence, of
something that he hears, he can feel offended about. This could be
even about his physical defect E.g. calling a
blind person as blind or a limping person as
physically handicap. Gossiping is a Major Sin
“Gunah-e-Kabeera”.

THE HOLY QURAN says:

“Don’t gossip about others. Would anyone of you like to eat the flesh of
his dead brother. Surely you will dislike it. Then fear Allah SWT” (Surah-
e-Hujrat: Ayat 12)

NARRATIONS:
1) Avoid gossiping, it’s the food of the dogs of Hell.
2) It is such a sin that besides Repentance (Tauba), unless the Momin
about whom was the gossiping done, forgives, Allah SWT does not
forgive.
3) One who gossips, even if forgiven, will be the last one to enter
Jannat. And if not forgiven, he will be the first one to enter Hell.
4) Gossiping eats up good deeds just as fire eats up the wood.

STORY:
When the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) went for Mira’j to the sky, he saw
that there was a person who had iron and copper nails, with which he
was pulling and eating his flesh. Then the place from where he would
53
have scratched off the flesh, new flesh would come there. So this
episode would continue. The Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) asked Hazrat
Jibrael (a.s.) as who is he? Hazrat Jibrael replied that this person was a
gossiper and backbiter.

54
 VAIN (USELESS) TALK
DEFINITION:
A conversation that has no utility, neither worldly nor of akhirat.
NARRATIONS:
● The Tongue of the low and degraded people,
rules on them.
● Avoiding Vain talk leads to completion of
Intellect.
● Vain talk is a sign of ignorance.
● Many people get destroyed because of their
tongue.
● One whose tongue (talk) is bad, his fate also turns bad.
● One who talks more, his mistakes are also more.
STORY:
A young man was martyred in the Battle of Uhud. Before his
martyrdom, he used to tie stones to his stomach because of hunger.
When his mother came to his dead body, she while cleaning his face
kept on saying, “Son congratulations for getting into Jannat.” On
hearing this, the holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) said, “How do you know that
he may have gotten Jannat? Could be possible that he did vain talk.”
MESSAGE:
Useless and vain conversation is such a bad thing that it can become a
hindrance, even in the way of a martyr to reach his actual destination.
So we should avoid vain talk so our good deeds are not wasted.

55
 THANKING ALLAH SWT
Allah SWT has blessed us with innumerable bounties. We should thank
Allah SWT in response to these blessings.
THE HOLY QURAN says:
‫لَئِن َش َكرْ ُت ْم ََلَ ِزیدَ َّن ُك ْم‬
“If you thank Me, then I shall give you even
more.”(Surah-e-Ibrahim: Ayat 7)
NARRATIONS:
Once a man came to our fourth Imam Zain-
ulabedin (a.s.) and said, “Imam (a.s.) I don’t
understand, how should we thank Allah
SWT for His blessings?” Imam (a.s.) replied, “Utilizing the bounties of
Allah SWT in obeying Allah SWT, will be like thanking Allah SWT.”
STORY:
In the times of Hazrat Musa (a.s.), there was a very rich man. Once he
came to Hazrat Musa (a.s.) and said that God has given me so much
wealth that I am unable to look after it. You pray to Allah SWT to lessen
it. Hazrat Musa (a.s.) prayed for him.
Once this man was travelling in a desert. He felt hungry, so he got out
the food and started eating. While eating, a grain of chickpea fell from
his hand on the ground. He tried looking for it but could not find it. So,
he built four walls around the area, so if someone passes from there,
the grain does not come under his foot. Or of it rains, the grain would
grow in a plant and could be of benefit for humans and animals. When
56
he came back from his journey, he saw that his wealth has increased
further. He went to Hazrat Musa (a.s.) and told him the whole story.
Hazrat Musa (a.s.) went and spoke to God. The reply of Allah SWT was,
“ O Musa, go and tell my being that till he keeps on thanking for the
Blessings, I will keep on increasing his Bounties.”

57
 THE IMPORTANCE OF KNOWLEDGE
Islam lays a lot of emphasis on Knowledge. Islam recommends the
acquiring of knowledge on every Muslim man and woman.
THE HOLY QURAN says:
“Say (oh Prophet), that can the ones who know and
who don’t know can be equal?”
(Surah-e-Zamar: Ayat 9)

NARRATIONS:
⮚ The one who gains knowledge will enter with Martyrs, even if he
dies on bed.
⮚ The one who acquires knowledge gets the Sawab of a Prophet, on
every step.
⮚ The one who gains knowledge will have Hazrat Khizer as his friend
in Jannat.
⮚ The knowledgeable people will be included in the army of Imam
(a.s.)
⮚ The inhabitants of the heavens and earth even the fishes in water,
ask for forgiveness for the student.
STORY:
Dear children, there was a great Aalim, by the name of “Noor-ullah-
Shostri”. The king of his time was a tyrant and the enemy of Ahl-e-bait
(a.s.). He somehow found out that Noor-ullah Shostri is a lover and
follower of Ahl-e-bait (a.s.), writes books and spreads religion. The cruel
king called him in his palace and ordered to pull out his tongue, kill him
and dump his body in the garbage. The servants did as ordered. They
58
pulled his tongue with a spearhead, killed him and threw his dead body
in the garbage. Nobody came to bury him out of fear. Just then, Bibi
Fatima (a.s.) came in the dream of an Aalim and told him that, “my
son’s body is at this place. Give him Ghusl and bury him.” Now when
this Alim came to the garbage dump, he saw that it has turned in a
garden, there are flowers everywhere and there is fragrance in the air.
The Aalim gave ghusl to Noor-ullah Shostri and buried him.

59
 FORGIVENESS
To forgive, means “to let go or pardon.”
Forgiving is a very good trait. Allah SWT also likes people
who forgive others.
THE HOLY QURAN says:
“O Messenger, adopt tolerance, enjoin good and turn
away from the ignorant.” (Surah-e-Araf: Ayat 199)
NARRATIONS:
● You forgive people, Allah SWT will give you respect.
● Whoever forgives people, Allah SWT forgives him.
● Forgiveness is the Zakat of Success.
STORY:
Once Hazrat Ali (a.s.) was passing from a place with his fellows. A man
was sitting in the way who was the enemy of Hazrat Ali (a.s.). He
started cursing Hazrat Ali (a.s.). Imam (a.s.) passed quietly from there.
His fellows asked, Imam (a.s.), why did not you reply to this man?”
Hazrat Ali (a.s.) replied, “Allah SWT likes those who pardon.” So the
fellow asked, “Mola (a.s.), did not you feel angry? Did not you feel like
seeking revenge from him?”. Hazrat Ali (a.s.) replied, “No. because I
told myself that he is not telling me, he is telling someone else. And
when my ears didn’t hear him, t hen revenge for what?”
The best way to pardon is to forgive everyone; closed ones, relatives,
friends, class fellows etc. even if someone has done injustice to you,
then forgive him also. If someone quarrels with you, then leave that
place so that the fight may not go further; and pray for them.
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 THE IMPORTANCE OF SALWAT
Salwat means “Blessings and Mercy”
THE HOLY QURAN says:
“Verily Allah and His angels send Blessings
on the Prophet. O you who believe! Send
blessings on him and greet him with a worthy
greeting.” (Surah-e-Ahzab: Ayat 56)
NARRATIONS:
There are many benefits of reciting Salawat on the Holy Prophet
(P.B.U.H.) and his progeny. Some of them are as follows:
1) The holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) will do your intercession (shafa’at) and
will be close to you.
2) Your 100 needs will be fulfilled, 30 worldly wants and 70 of
Akhirat.
3) People will not gossip about you.
4) People will have your love in their hearts.
5) If you forget something then reciting salwat will remind you of it.
STORY:
Once a man came to Imam Jaffer Sadiq (a.s.) and said “Imam (a.s.) the
meaning of Salawat is that the blessings should be on you. You are a
Masoom, why would you need Blessings from us?” Imam (a.s.) said,
“Go and bring water in a utensil”. He went and got a utensil full of
water. Imam (a.s.) asked him to pour another glass of water in it,
though there was no space in the utensil. When that person put water
in that as Imam (a.s.) had asked him to, the water spilled on him and
61
made his clothes wet. Imam (a.s.) said, “The Salawat that you send
upon us, We don’t need that, it comes back on you only.” This means
that you come under the shadow of Allah’s SWT blessings because of
us.

62
 TASBEEH-E-FATIMA (a.s.)
Tasbeeh is “praise and glorification of Allah.” Tasbeeh-e-Fatima (a.s.)
means that specific Zikr that the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) gave to his
daughter Bibi Fatima (a.s.). Once Bibi Fatima (a.s.) went to the Holy
Prophet (P.B.U.H.)to ask for a bondmaid, so she could help her with the
house chores. The Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) gave his daughter Tasbeeh
instead of bond maid. This tasbeeh was later called as Tasbeeh-e-
Fatima (a.s.). In this way, the Ummah gets the Sawab of reading it
morning and night. This Tasbeeh is based on three Zikr which is recited
after every Namaz and so it increases the Sawab of Namaz. The Zikr is:
● Allah-ho Akbar : 34 times
● Alhamdulillah : 33 times
● Subhanallah : 33 times
IMORTANCE
1) Jannat becomes obligatory (Wajib) one who recites it after Namaz.
2) Satan goes away.
3) Allah SWT gets happy with such a person.
4) All sins are forgiven.
5) The equilibrium of deeds increases in weight.
6) One gets the Sawab of reciting 1,000 recommended
(Mustahab) prayers.
7) Body ailments go away especially the diseases of the ear.
8) If you recite it before leaving the house, then it
protects the person’s life.

63
● When Bibi Fatima (a.s.) recites Tasbeeh, she used to tie a knot in
the wool for count of the Tasbeeh. When the uncle of the Holy
Prophet (P.B.U.H.), Hazrat Hamza (a.s.) was martyred in the Battle
of Uhud, Bibi Fatima (a.s.) took clay from his grave and made a
Tasbeeh from it. Then after the Martydom of Imam Hussain (a.s.),
Imam Zain-ul-abedin (a.s.) took clay from the grave of Imam
Hussain (a.s.) and made Tasbeeh out of it. This sand is called
“Khak-e-Shifa” (Sacred earth)

64
 LYING
Lying means to speak falsely or utter untruth knowingly. Lying is a
Major sin (Gunah-e-kabeera). Lying has many disadvantages.
THE HOLY QURAN says:
َ ‫اب أَلِی ٌم ِب َما َكا ُنوا َی ْك ِذ ب‬
‫ُون‬ ٌ ‫َولَ ُھ ْم َع َذ‬
“Because of them lying there is painful wrath
(azaab) for them.”
DISADVANTAGES OF LYING:
1) Lying always leads to embarrassments for the liar.
2) Allah SWT and His angels curse (send La’nat) on the Liar.
3) No one likes a liar.
4) There is no respect of a liar.
STORY:
Once a man came to the holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) and said, “O Prophet
(P.B.U.H.), I am a big sinner and I want to leave all sins and evil deeds,
but I am unable to leave them.” So the holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) told him
that, “come to me tomorrow and when you come to me tomorrow, tell
me honestly whatever you do today. Be honest and don’t lie when you
tell me about it.” He said, “That’s it! This is not difficult.” When he
came home he thought of drinking alcohol, but then he thought that if I
tell this to the holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.), he will hate me and will not sit
with me. Then he thought of stealing, and the same thought came to
his mind. So, whenever he thought of committing a sin, he immediately
thought that he will have to tell the holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) the truth
infront of everyone. This led to him avoiding all sins.
Indeed it is true that “Lying is the root cause of all evil.”
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 PRAYING NAMAZ ON TIME
Praying Namaz on time, gives us the following benefits:
1) We will get the intercession of the holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) and his
progeny.
2) The grave will be enlightened.
3) Prayers (duas) will be accepted.
4) The angel of death will deal with kindness.
5) The one who prays on time will pass the bridge of Sirat quickly.
6) The age will increase.
7) There will be success in examinations.
8) There will be happiness on the day of Judgment.
9) The angel of death shall befriend such person.
STORY:
Once a boy saw his deceased father in his dream. The father had a
bright face. When the boy asked him the reason for it, the father
replied that this enlightened face is because he used to pray Namaz on
time.

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 DISOBEDIENCE TO PARENTS
Disobeying parents, means not listening to them,
is a Major sin (Gunah-e-Kabeera)
THE HOLY QURAN says:
“Do good to your parents.” (Surah-e-Ankaboot: Ayat 8)
NARRATIONS:
● The one who disobeys parents is neither successful in the world
and nor in Akhirat.
● One who upset his parents, upsets Allah SWT.
● Disobedient to parents will be one level lower to Firoun in hell.
● If someone looks at his parents with anger, because of their
oppression, Allah SWT will not accept his prayers.
● The one who is disobedient to his parents, will not smell the
fragrance of Jannat.
STORY:
Once an Aalim dreamt himself in a beautiful garden. He had not seen
such a garden before. He thought, this looks like Jannat. Suddenly a
voice said, yes this is Jannat, this garden is of this specific person. The
Aalim knew this person that how good and pious person he was. As he
was thinking about it, suddenly this beautiful garden caught fire and
the fire turned everything into dust. The Aalim woke up from sleep. The
next day, he went to this man and asked him that what did you do
yesterday that all of your gardens in Jannat caught fire. So this man said
that yesterday I fought with my mother over something and I
misbehaved with her. The Aalim said, your disobedience burnt all your
gardens in Jannat that you owned.
Indeed! Disobeying parents eats up all good deeds.
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68
TAREEKH

69
70
 HAZRAT IDREES (a.s.)
Hazrat Idrees (a.s.) was Allah’s SWT messenger. He was the Great grand
father of Hazrat Noah (a.s.). His name in Toorah (Taurait) is “Akhnooh.”
He was called as “Idrees” because he used to preach (give dars) of the
Allah’s SWT wisdom and the goodness of Islam.
He was sent at a time when people had forgotten the teachings of
Hazrat Adam (a.s.). Hazrat Idrees (a.s.) gave the message of Allah SWT
to people. He was the first person to teach people how to write with a
pen. He also invented the types and features of alphabets. Hazrat
Idrees (a.s.) is also called the first teacher of humans. Hazrat Idrees
(a.s.) also taught people as how to stitch clothes. Before that, people
used animals’ skin to hide their bodies. Thirty Holy scripts (Saheefa)
were revealed on him.
It is said that he befriended the angel of death. Then he went to see the
skies on the wings of this angel. He then desired to taste the flavor of
death. After that he went to see hell. And then he was taken to see the
gardens of heaven, where he stayed.
The house of Hazrat Idrees (a.s.) was at the place
where there is the Mosque of Sehla today. This
mosque is in Iraq and is famous for meeting Imam
Mehdi (a.s.). To date, when people go to Iraq, they go
for Ziyarat of the Mosque of Sehla. Whoever prays here for his need,
gets it fulfilled and on the day of Judgment he get the place near Hazrat
Idrees (a.s.). The life of Hazrat Idrees (a.s.) was more than 300 years.
QUESTIONS:
Q1) Why was Hazrat Idrees (a.s.) called as “Idress”?
Q2) Which two things did Hazrat Idrees (a.s.) invented?
Q3) Where is the house of Hazrat Idrees as & what is its importance?
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 HAZRAT ISSA (a.s.)
After Hazrat Musa (a.s.), Allah SWT sent Hazrat issa (a.s.) as a Prophet
so that he can guide people and prevent them from going astray. Allah
SWT gave him miracles related to medicine, as at that time this field
was at its peak. Hazrat issa (a.s.) used to give life to the dead, vision to
the blind and healed to the leprosy patients. After Hazrat Musa (a.s.),
much evil was spread amongst people and their beliefs had also spoiled
greatly. Allah SWT revealed the holy book Gospel (Injeel), so he could
teach people the actual religion. There were 12 people who believed in
Hazrat issa (a.s.) and they are called as “Hawaree”. They always used to
stay with Hazrat issa (a.s.). He also looked after the Hawaree very well
to the extent that Hazrat issa (a.s.) used to wash their feet. Because of
preaching, people started opposing Hazrat issa (a.s.) but he did not care
of their opposition and kept on educating them about good. Eventually
the enemies along with the king, planned his assassination. But God
concealed him from their eyes, and they crucified another by mistake
who resembled Hazrat 'Isa (a.s.), and thus they believed in their error
that they had crucified Hazrat 'Isa (a.s.). On the other hand, Allah SWT,
saved Hazrat Issa (a.s.) from the enemies and lifted him in the sky.
Hazrat Issa (a.s.) is also called The
Messiah. And so his followers are called
Christians or Messieehe. The Christians
believed that Hazrat Issa (a.s.) was
crucified. While the Muslims believe
that he is alive in the Skies. He will
reappear when Imam Mehdi (a.s.) shall come and will fight with the
enemies of Islam as a soldier of imam Mehdi (a.s.)
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QUESTIONS:
Q1) Which miracles did Allah SWT bless Hazrat Issa (a.s.) with?
Q2) Who were Hawaree?
Q3) What is the difference in belief between Muslims and Christians
about Hazrat Issa (a.s.)?
Q4) What will Hazrat Issa (a.s.) do after the reappearance of Imam
Mehdi (a.s.)?

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 HAZRAT YAHYA (a.s.)
Hazrat Yahya (a.s.) was one of the Prophets
sent by Allah SWT. He was the son of Hazrat
Zakriya (a.s.). The mother of Hazrat Yahya
(a.s.) and the mother of Bibi Maryam (a.s.)
were sisters. Bibi Maryam (a.s.) was a very
pious woman.
Hazrat Zakriya (a.s.) wanted a child pious and pure like Bibi Maryam
(a.s.). Though he was very old, but he kept on praying to Allah SWT for
a child. Finally, Allah SWT, answered his prayers and the angels gave
him the good omen of a son.
When Hazrat Yahya (a.s.) was born, Allah SWT named him. He was 6
months elder to Hazrat Essa (a.s.), who was his maternal cousin’s son.
He was Hazrat Yahya (a.s.)
the first person to give the testimony of the Prophet hood of Hazrat
Issa (a.s.). He started preaching from the age of 7 years. He stopped
people from bad things and passed the message of Allah SWT to them.
The meaning of Hazrat Yahya (a.s.) is “the one who is alive.” He was
famous for his piety and cried a lot due to the fear of Allah SWT.
Because of his fear, Hazrat Zakriya (a.s.) avoided the talk of the day of
Judgment (Qayamat) in front of him.
Hazrat Yahya (a.s.) resembled Imam Hussain (a.s.) in many traits. The
king of his time killed him on the suggestion of a woman. The piece of
earth where his blood fell, boiled and spilled blood for a very long time.
Then a king came and took revenge of the blood of Hazrat Yahya (a.s.),
after which the earth stopped errupting blood.
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QUESTIONS:
Q1) What is the relationship between Hazrat Yahya (a.s.) and Hazrat
Issa (a.s.)?
Q2) Name the good traits of Hazrat Yahya (a.s.)?
Q3) Hazrat Yahya (a.s.) resembled which Imam (a.s.)?
Q4) What happened after Hazrat Yahya (a.s.) was martyred?

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 THE BATTLE OF KHYBER
The Battle of Khyber was fought in the 7th Hijri. The Jews lived in the
area of Khyber, who used to enrage the Polytheists against Muslims.
They had good terms with the Roman Christians and the Polytheists of
Faris. That’s the reason why Muslims surrounded their 7 castles, but
they could not capture the actual Castle. The holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.)
sent many people to conquer the castle but none of them succeeded.
Eventually the holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) said that “Tomorrow I will give
the Banner (Alam) to the person who loves Allah SWT and Allah SWT
loves him.” The next day, everyone gathered around the holy Prophet
(P.B.U.H.). Hazrat Ali (a.s.) could not come because of pain in the eyes.
The holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) called him and put his Holy saliva in the
eyes of Hazrat Ali (a.s.) that healed his eyes. Hazrat Ali (a.s.) took the
banner (alam) and went in the battle field. He first killed Antar and
Marhab and then the famous warrior of Jews, Marhab. The Jews lost
their hopes looking at this. Then Hazrat Ali (a.s.) conquered the
remaining castle and budged the door of Khyber with one hand.
Though later, this door could not be lifted by 40 men together. On the
day of the Battle of Khyber, the brother of Hazrat Ali (a.s.), who is
Hazrat Jaffer-e-Tayyar (a.s.)
came from Habsha.
The holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) said,
“I don’t know whether I should
celebrate the happiness of the
conquest of Khyber more or of
the return of Jaffer-e-Tayyar.”

76
 QUESTIONS:
Q1) Who lived in Khyber?
Q2) What did the holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) say about the person to
whom the Banner had to be given?
Q3) How did Hazrat Ali (a.s.) conquer khyber?
Q4) What did the the holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) say about the return of
Hazrat Jaffer-e-Tayyar (a.s.)

77
 ASCENSION (MAIRAJ) OF THE HOLY PROPHET
The event of Mairaj took place on the 27th of Rajab when the Holy
Prophet (P.B.U.H.) travelled to the heavens and met Allah SWT. The
Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) travelled this in some stages.
First he made his night journey from Mecca to the Al-Aqsa Mosque in
Jerusalem. Here he lead the prayers and the spirits of Hazrat Ibrahim
(a.s.), Hazrat Musa (a.s.) and and Hazrat issa (a.s.) followed him in the
prayers.
From Al-Aqsa mosque, he travelled to the heaven. He travelled through
all the seven skies and witnessed a different thing in each sky. He met
the Prophets and Messengers in some skies, the heaven and dwellers
of heaven in some; and hell and the dwellers of hell in other skies. He
also saw some people going through punishment (azaab) and some in
peace and luxury.
The Holy Prophet met Allah SWT
also in Mairaj. Allah SWT spoke to
the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) in the
tone of Hazrat Ali (a.s.) and
informed him about the
forthcoming events. Allah SWT says
in the Holy Quran regarding the
event of Mairaj:
"Glorious is He Who made his servant travel by night from Al-Masjid-ul-
Haram to Al-Masjid-ul-Aqsa of which environs We have blessed, so that
We let him see some of Our signs. Surely, He is the All-Hearing, the All-
Seeing." (Surah-e-Bani Israel: Ayat 1)
78
QUESTIONS:
Q1) When did the event of Mairaj take place?
Q2) Discuss the sequence of the Holy Prophet’s (P.B.U.H.) journey of
Mairaj.
Q3) Discuss the meeting of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) with Allah SWT.
Q4) Where has the event of Mairaj mentioned in the Holy Quran?

79
 EID-E-GHADEER
When the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) was returning from the last Haj on
the 18th of Zilhaj and heading to
Madinah, Hazrat Jibrael (a.s.) came at
the place of Ghadeer-e-khum and
gave the message of Allah SWT.

“O Messenger! Make known that

which hath been revealed unto you from thy Lord, for if you do it not,
you wilt not have conveyed His message. Allah will protect you from
mankind. Lo! Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk." (Surah-e-Mayda:
Ayat 67)
The Holy Prophet Mohammad (P.B.U.H.) suddenly stopped on hearing
the above 'Ayah' from The Archangel Jibraeel (a.s.). He quickly ordered
the halt of the caravan in astonishment of all his companions and
followers. To stop in such a place under the hot blazing midday sun, at
such a desolate place in the desert called Ghadeer Khumm.

The Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) ordered for some camel saddles to be piled
up, so as to make shift a pulpit, upon a small elevated sandy mount, for
the people to see him. He then began his address. He started first by
praising Allah Almighty (SWT). He then proceeded to give them the sad
news of his own nearing death saying,

I have been summoned, and it is the moment for me to answer, for

the time has come for me, to depart from you. However I do leave
behind me, amongst you, two weighty and precious things. And, if
you cleave to them, you will surely never go astray! The Holy Book of
God and, my Offspring the Ahl-ul-Bait. For they will never be

80
separated from each other until they have led you to me, at the
sacred shores of Heaven
The Holy Prophet Mohammad (P.B.U.H.) then continued by taking hold
of both of Imam Ali(a.s.)'s arms and raised them high above his
shoulders, so much so that Ali(a.s.)'s sleeves slipped down his arms and
rested on his shoulders, exposing Ali's(as) naked white armpits.
The Prophet (P.B.U.H.) went on to proclaimed that Ali (a.s.) as his
successor and the legitimate Khalifa of Allah (SWT).

Allah is my master and I am your master and whosoever, I am master

of, Then this man, Ali is his master as well.
Then the Holy Prophet prayed to Allah SWT,
O God! Befriend him, who so ever befriends him. Oppose him,
whosoever opposes him.
Support him, who so ever supports him. Desert him, whosoever
deserts him.
Wherever Ali (a.s.) goes, turn truth (Haq) towards him.
Then Hazrat Jibrael (a.s.) came with the message of completion of
Religion to the Prophet (P.B.U.H.). He thanked Allah SWT and said “
Allah has agreed on the successor ship and Khalifat of Ali (a.s.).” then
everyone congratulated Hazrat Ali (a.s.) on the successor ship. All shias
of Hazrat Ali (a.s.) celebrate Eid-e-Ghadeer on the 18th of Zilhaj as the
day of successor ship of Hazrat Ali (a.s.).
QUESTIONS:
Q1) Which Ayat was revealed at the place of Ghadeer-e-Khumm?
Q2) How did the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) announced the successorship
of Hazrat Ali (a.s.)?
Q3) Why do we celebrate Eid on the 18th of Zilhaj?

81
 HAZRAT IMAM JAFFER SADIQ(a.s.)

NAME: Jaffar In the times of Imam Jaffer Sadiq

FATHER: Imam Muhammad Baqir (a.s.) (a.s.) the rivalry of Banu-Ummayad
MOTHER:Bibi Umme Farwa. and Banu-Abbas was at its peak.
KUNIYAT: Abu Abdullah Imam (a.s.) took advantage of the
TITLES: Sadiq, Sabir, Tahir, Fazil situation and spread religion
BIRTHDATE: 17th Rabi ul Awwal 83H. extensively. He founded a Madarsah
DIED: 25th Shawwal 148H where more than 4000 students of
PLACE OF BURIAL: Jannat ul Baqi different religions took education.
The Madarsah gave worldly as well as
religious education. The famous Chemist Jabir Bin Hayyan also studied
in the Madarsah of Imam Jaffer Sadiq (a.s.). Fiqh-e-Jafria, was famous in
the name of Imam Jaffer Sadiq (a.s.). Once Imam Jaffer Sadiq (a.s.)
answered an Indian Physician about medicine in such a way that he was
amazed. He spontaneously said “ this is not the
knowledge of medicine, this is the knowledge of God.”
Once Imam Jaffer Sadiq (a.s.) sent his servant to the
market for some work. On the way, he slept under a tree. Imam (a.s.)
went after him and instead of scolding him, he started fanning him. The
servant was very embarrassed. Imam(a.s.) told him that the day is for
working and night is for resting. Next time, be careful.
Imam Jaffer Sadiq (a.s.) used to help the poor people a lot. Once the
king lured the poors to attack Imam (a.s.) in the palace hall, but they all
denied. The kig, Mansoor got quiet then but later he martyred Imam
Jaffer Sadiq (a.s.) through poisoning.

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 HAZRAT IMAM MUSA KAZIM(a.s.)
NAME: Musa
FATHER: Imam Jafar Sadiq (a.s.)

MOTHER: Bibi Hameeda Khatoon.

KUNIYAT: Abul Hassan
TITLES: Kazim, Babul Hawaij
BIRTHDATE: 7th Safar.
DIED: 25th Rajab

PLACE OF BURIAL: Kazmain

His title was Kazim as he used to control his anger. Imam Musa kazim
(a.s.) used to do his work on his own, in fact he even farmed his land by
himself. He spent his time in spreading religion and reolved people’s
problems even before listening it from them. He asked his associate
(sahabi) Ali bin Yaqteen to be the minister of the king so as to assist the
believers of Imam (a.s.)
Imam Musa kazim (a.s.) spent 14 years in imprisonment. Looking at his
worship, the caretakers of the prison also adored him. While being
imprisoned, Imam Musa kazim (a.s.) stayed in touch with his followers
and kept on guiding them.
Once three people including Behlool, contacted Imam Musa kazim (a.s.)
in the prison. They sent a chit mentioning the oppressions of the king
and asked for Imam (a.s.)’s suggestion. Imam (a.s.) wrote the letter
on a stone and threw it outside the prison. One person understood the
word “Jabal” (mountain) from it, so he went to live on the mountains.
The other one assumed “Jila-watani” (leaving the country) so he left
83
the country and went to live some other place. The third one was
behlool who understood “Junoon” (insanity) from it. So behlool, acted
insane in front of people and in that state started telling people to do
good (Amar Bil Maroof) and stopping people from bad (Nahi unil
Munkar).
Looking at the popularity of Imam Musa Kazim (a.s.), the king martyred
him. Then stopped the people strictly from his burial. The Janaza (body)
of Imam Musa Kazim (a.s.) stayed on the bridge of Baghdad for 3 days.
Then some believers buried him. Imam Musa Kazim (a.s.) is called as
Bab-ul-Hawaij because to date, people get their duas fulfilled from his
Roza which is in Kazmain, Iraq.

84
 HAZRAT IMAM MEHDI(a.s.)

After his birth, a bird took him

NAME: Muhammad towards the sky and used to bring
FATHER: Imam Hasan Askari (a.s.) him once every day to his father.
MOTHER:Bibi Nargis khatoon. There were arrangements for his
KUNIYAT: Abul Qasim upbringing in the heavens. His birth
TITLES: Baqiat-ullah, Hujat,
was kept as a secret. But to tell the
Qaim,Muntazir, Mehdi shias of his birth, Imam Hassan
BIRTHDATE: 15th Shaban 255H. Askari (a.s.) did a splendid Aqeeqah
PLACE OF GHAYBAT: Samarah
(he Islamic tradition of the sacrifice
of an animal on the occasion of a
child's birth).
It is not much known about the childhood of Imam Mehdi (a.s.). He
appeared on his father’s martyrdom and disappeared after praying the
funeral prayers (Namaz-e-janaza) of his father. With this, the people
believed that he is the 12th and last Imam.
After this the time period of Minor Occultation (ghaybat-e-sughra) of
Imam Mehdi (a.s.) started, in which only a few people
could contact him who were called as
Representatives of Imam (a.s.). After 70 years the
Major Occultation (ghaybat-e-kubra) period started in
which people could not contact him. This period is
still going on and the reappearance time of imam
Mehdi (a.s.) is only known to Allah SWT.

85
The signs of the reappearance of Imam Mehdi (a.s.) show that his
reappearance is close. E.g. increase in natural disasters, murders,
keeping musical instruments in pocket, women without cover (hijab),
the oppression of kings, the resemblance of men to women and
women to men, construction of huge buildings, lying etc
The believers of Imam Mehdi (a.s.) should wait for him in his
occultation, because waiting for him is also Ebadat. Some of the
responsibilities of one who waits for Imam Mehdi (a.s.) are: to stay sad
for Imam Mehdi (a.s.), to pray for the protection of one’s religion and
belief, to give charity (sadqa) for Imam (a.s.), to stand up when the
name of Imam (a.s.) is taken, to seek his tawassul (favor through Him)
in difficult times etc

86
 HAZRAT OWAIS QARNI (r.a.)
Hazrat Owais Qarni is one of the Hawarees
(close followers) of Imam Ali (a.s.) and is
amongst the eight ascetic and pious people.
He is amongst those who pledged
allegiance to Hazrat Ali (a.s.) in Sifeen. He
participated in Holy war (Jihad) with Hazrat
Ali (a.s.), until he embraced martyrdom. The
Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) gave testimony in his favor for going to Heaven.
It is said, that Hazrat Owais used to graze camels and from the earning,
he used to give money to his mother.
Once he asked permission from his mother to go Madina to meet the
Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.). His mother said that I will permit you on the
condition that don’t stay for more than half day there. He left from
Yemen for Madina. When he reached the house of the Holy Prophet
(P.B.U.H.), he was not home. He waited for a long time but the Holy
Prophet (P.B.U.H.) did not return. So as the half day passed, Hazrat
Owais, left his house for Yemen, as he had promised his mother. When
the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) reached home he asked, “what is this light
that I see in this house?” People replied that the Camel gazer, Owais
had come and then he left. The Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) replied, “ he
has left this light as a gift in this house for us.”
It is said, that Hazrat Owais (r.a.) used to say about his certain nights
that it is “Ruku Night” and he used to stay in Ruku all night till morning.
Some nights he called as “Prostration (Sajdah) nights” and used to
spend all nights in Sajdah. People used to ask, why do you put yourself
through this trouble? He used to reply that “ I wish there would have
87
been one night from the beginning to the end and I would have spent
that in Prostration.”
The Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) narrated so much superiority of Hazrat
Owais (r.a.) that many of his fellows (Sahabas) used to go to Hazrat
Owais, in Yemen, for asking for their duas.

88
 ASHAB-E-KAHAF (THE FELLOWS OF CAVE)
Ashab-e-kahf, means the fellows of cave.
They have been mentioned in the Holy Quran
in Surah-e-Kahf. These were 6 pious and
honest people who were of high grade for the
Roman king called Daqyanoos (Decius). When
the king claimed to be God, these men refused
to accept him as God. The king turned into
their enemy so they ran for refuge in a desert.
After walking for long, they got tired and rested. A cattle gazer and a
dog also joined them. On the way, they all went to hide in a cave. When
the king found out that they have ran away, he sent troops to find
them. Here, Allah SWT made them sleep for a very long time, around
300 years. Then when Allah SWT woke them up. After waking up, they
felt hungry. So they decided to get some food from the city. A fellow
from amongst them, called as “Mekha” decided to go and get the food.
As he reached the city, he saw that the place has changed completely.
He went to a baker, and brought some bread. As he gave the coins to
him for the bread, he asked, where did these coins come from? They
are very old. The baker took him to the king. When the king heard the
entire story, he went himself with his troops and Mekha to the cave.
When they reached there, Mekha told them to wait outside, while he
goes inside, as his fellows may get scared that the troops of Daqyanoos
(Decius) have come. They all waited outside, while Mekha went inside.
His fellows were relieved to see him safe and thanked Allah SWT for it.
Mekha told his fellows the whole story and that the king with his troops
was waiting outside for them. When they heard this, they got afraid
that they may get into trouble again. So they prayed to Allah SWT to
89
put them to sleep again. Allah SWT made them sleep again and the
cave’s door got closed. The king along with his soldiers waited for
Maikha and his fellows but nobody came out. After waiting for some
days, the king left hopelessly and constructed a Mosque there as their
Momento.
QUESTIONS
Q1) Where is this cave?
Q2) Where is the narration of Ashab-e-Kahf in the Holy Quran?

90