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' Sec:tion 2

•
structu~eand
Written Expression
Time: 25 minutes (including the reading of the directions)
Now set your clock for 25 minutes.

This section is designed to measure your ability to recognize language that is

appropriate for standard .written English. There are tW<:J
types of questions in this
section, with special directions for each type.
Structure
Directions: Questions 1-15 are incomplete sentences. Beneath e,ach sentence you
will see four words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Choose the one word
or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the
number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the
answer you have chosen. Fill in the space so that the letter inside the oval cannot be
seen.

Example I Sample Answer

Geysers have often been compared to volcanoes -------

they both emit hot liquids from below the Earth's surface.
(A) due to
(B) because
(C) in spite of
(D) regardless of
The sentence should read, "Geysers have often been compared to volcanoes because
they both emit hot liquids from below the Earth's surface:" Therefore, you should
choose (B).

Example II Sample Answer

@<ID@.
During the early period of ocean navigation, ----~--
any need for sophisticated instruments and techniques.
(A) so that hardly
(B) when there hardly was
(C) hardly was
(D) there was hardly
The sentence should read, "During the early period of ocean navigation, there was
hardly any need for sophisticated instruments and techniques." Therefore, you should
choose (D).
Now begin work on the questions.

Pr.actice Test 0 129

 1. Clinical psycholoiist Dr. Carl 5. The Hawmian alphabet.
Rogers found that 80 percent introduced by missionaries in the
---- verbal communication 1820's. ~-.- and only seven
involved five types of responses: consonants.
evaluative, interpretive.
(A) the five vowels consist of
supportive, probing, and (B) consisting of five vowels
understanding. (C) that consists of five vowels
(A) all (D) consists of five vowels
(B) is the
(C) with 6. Working lite a telescope. ----
(D) of all the size of objects at great
distances.
2. The early feminist leader Susan B. (A) which magnifies a telephoto
Anthony became increasingly lens
aware through her work in the (B) a telephoto lens magnifIeS
temperance movement ---- the (e) a telephoto lens which
same rights as men. magnifies
(A) women were not granted that (D) and magnifying a telephoto
(B) that women were not granted lens
(e) not granted women that were
(I» that were not granted women 7. Volcanoes are divided into three
main groups; based on their shape
3. DNA, ------, is found in the cell and the type of material they
nucleus in the form of very long ---.
and thin molecules consisting of (A) are made
two spiral strands. (B) made of
(A) inherits material (C) are made of
(B) is inheritance material (D) made for
(e) material is inherited
(D) the material of inheritance 8. -- to inanimate objects. such
as machines. is a form of animism.
4. -- plants. which manufacture (A) When attributing emotion
their own food. animals obtain (B) Attributing emotion
nourishment by acquiring and .
(e) Emotion is attributed
ingesting their food.
(D) If emotion is attributed
(A) Unlike
(B) Different
(e) Whereas
(D) As much

.~

130 PractiCe Telt 0

9. -------, dolphips have no sense of ] 3. The early years of the United
smell. States government were
characterized by a debate
(A) As known as far concerning --..._-- or individ~al
(B) Known thus far as states should have more power.
(C) It is known as far
(0) As far as is known (A) whether the federal
government
]0. The growth of psychobiology (B,) either the federal government
owes ------- to major conceptual (C) that the federal government
advances in the way people think (0) the federal government
about the brain.
]4. Beneath the l:treets of a modem
(A) much city ---- of walls, columns,
(B) as much as cables, pipes, and tunnels required
(C) much which to satisfy the needs of its
(0) there is so much
inhabitants. .,
11. In ]938 Pearl S. Buck became the (A) where exists the network
first American woman ------- the (B) the existing network
Nobel Prize for Literature. (C) (he network's existence
(0) exists the network
(A) receive
(B) received 15. The province of Newfoundland
(C) to receive has --- than any other region of
(0) she received North America in which the first
language is English.
]2; Now considered an art form, quilt-
making originated as a means of (A) its longer history
fashioning bed covers from bits of (B) a longer history
fabric that otherwise -----. (C) the longer the history
(0) the history is longer
(A) not use
(B) were no use
(C) had no use
(0) it was not used

Practice TellO ,131

16. The antique colleetor must be able to distinguish ~ antiques from
A B
later imitations, which can be either reproductions!!2! fakes.
C D or
17. Paint must be stirred and sometimes ~ before !l is applied.
ABC D
diluted
18. A great aviation pioneer, Amelia Earhart was already famous when she ~
A B' C
out on her ill-fated attempt to circle the globe in 1937. set
D

19. Although apples do not grow during the cold season, apple trees must have
A B
~ season in order to flourish.
C such a D
20. Two unique features of the Arctic they are lack of precipitation and
ABC
permanently frozen ground.
hapus they
D
21. Faced with petroleum shortages in the. 1970's, scientists and engineers in the
A
United States stepped up its efforts to develop more efficient heating systems
'B C ' D
and better insulation. their

22. Rabbits have large front tooth, short tails, ,and hind legs and feet adapted for
~. B' C
running and jumping. teeth
~,.. ;

D
23. Dentistry is a branch of medicine that has developed very dramatic in the last
A B' C D
twenty years. ' dramatically
depends on
24. The ease of solving a jigsaw puzzle depends the number of pieces, their shapes
A B
and shadings, and the design of the picture.
C D

Practice TestD 133

 from
25. Plants range in size!2 tiny, single-celled, blue-green algae, invisible to the
ABC
naked eye, to giant sequoias. the largest living plants.
D

26. During the ]940's science and engineering had an impact on the way music
A
reach its audience and ~ influenced the way in which it was composed.
BCDreached

27. !!l1860 the railroads of the United States J!!g 3.000 miles~, three-
ABC
quarters of which it was east of the Mississippi River and north of the Ohio
D
River. hapus it

28. Ballads were early types of ~ and may have been among ! first kinds of
ABC the first
music.
D

29. The thin outer layer of the skin is £!!!=!! the epidermis. ~ the layer inner.
ABC D
which is slightly thicker, is called the dermis.
inner layer
30. With the incorporation of jazz history into ~ academic curricula. leading
ABC
jazz musicians are now founding on the faculties of several universities.
D founded

31. Humus, a substaneef2!!!!2 in soil, is ~ and spongy and enables plant roots to
A B
send ~ tiny hairs through that they absorb water and food.
C D
which they
32. Although flies live longest in cool temperatures. !! breed prolifically when
A B
temperatures are warm, food is abundant, and humidity is moderate.
C D
attract
33. Alaska's vast areas of untamed wilderness ~ many people who enjoy the

-.
ABC D
outdoors.

134 Practice Teat 0

34. The giant panda closely resembles the bear. but account of cenain anatomical
ABC account
features it is placed in the raccoon family. for
D
originally
35. The ode was original a ceremonial. poem written to celebrate public occasions
ABC
~ exalted subjects.
D
36. Even as he ~ copiously on such diverse topic as education. politics. lUld
A B
.religion. Lewis Mumford remained active in city an4 regional planning.
C D
an
37. Oscillation is a electronic function that changes direct current to the signal of
ABC
~ frequency.
D hapus they
38. Papier-mAche figures by Stephen Hensen. which they cheerfully depicted life
A B
in the Information Age, were the ~ of an exhibit ~ Museum of
C D
American History.
pharmacists
39. Pharmacist fill drug prescriptions, keeping records of the dJ.ugs their patients
A B
are taking to make sure that harmful combinations are not prescribed.
C D
.
40. Great technical advances in aerial and ~ photography ~ been made
ABC
since end of the Second World War.
D the end

Practlcl TI.t D 111