Group 1
Avlean Rica A. Torralba
Chilsey Viñas
Ernielita F. Rosas
Kenneth Esber
Jeyah Dennice Villarama
Reynante Tiamzom
Concept of Management: Definition and Characteristics
Management is required in all kinds of organisations whether they are
manufacturing computers or handlooms, trading in consumer goods or providing
saloon services and even in non-business organisations. No matter what the
organisation is or what its goals might be, they all have something in common –
management and managers. Successful organisations achieve their goals by
following a deliberate process called ‘management. Management consists of a series
of interrelated functions that are performed by all managers. Let’s understand the
concept of management.
Concept of Management
Some of the common definition of management given by famous writers and
thinkers are:
According to Harold Koontz and Heinz Weihrich, Management is the process
of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals, working
together in groups, efficiently accomplish selected aims.
According to Robert L. Trewelly and M. Gene Newport, Management is
defined as the process of planning, organising, actuating and controlling an
organisation’s operations in order to achieve coordination of the human and
material resources essential in the effective and efficient attainment of
objectives.
According to Kreitner, “Management is the process of working with and
through others to effectively achieve organisational objectives by efficiently
using limited resources in the changing environment.
So Management can be defined as a process of getting things done with the aim of
achieving goals effectively and efficiently. Some important terms in this definition
are:
1. Process: Process means the primary functions or activities that management
performs to get things done. These functions are planning, organising,
staffing, directing and controlling.
2. Effectiveness: Effectiveness is concerned with the end result. It basically
means finishing the given task. Thus Effectiveness in management is
concerned with doing the right task, completing activities and achieving goals
3. Efficient: Efficiency means doing the task correctly and with minimum cost.
Management is concerned with the efficient use of input resources which
ultimately reduce costs and lead to higher profits.
it is important for management to achieve goals (effectiveness) with minimum
resources i.e., as efficiently as possible while maintaining a balance between
effectiveness and efficiency.
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Characteristics of Management
Basic characteristics of management are:
1. Management is a goal-oriented process: An organisation has a set of basic
goals which are the basic reason for its existence. Management unites the
efforts of different individuals in the organisation towards achieving these
goals.
2. Management is all pervasive: The activities involved in managing an
enterprise are common to all organisations whether economic, social or
political.
3. Management is multidimensional: Management is a complex activity that
has three main dimensions:
1. Management of work: All organisations exist for the performance of
some work. Management translates this work in terms of goals to be
achieved and assigns the means to achieve it.
2. Management of people: Human resources or people are an
organisation’s greatest asset. Managing people has two dimensions:
1. it implies dealing with employees as individuals with diverse
needs and behavior;
2. it also means dealing with individuals as a group of people
The task of management is to make people work towards achieving
the organisation’s goals, by making their strengths effective and their
weaknesses irrelevant.
3. Management of operations: It requires a production process which
entails the flow of input material and the technology for transforming
this input into the desired output for consumption
4. Management of operations: It requires a production process which entails
the flow of input material and the technology for transforming this input into
the desired output for consumption
5. Management is a continuous process: The process of management is a series
of continuous, composite, but separate functions (planning, organising,
directing, staffing and controlling). These functions are simultaneously
performed by all managers all the time.
6. Management is a group activity: An organisation is a collection of diverse
individuals with different needs. Management should enable all its members
to grow and develop as needs and opportunities change
7. Management is a dynamic function: Management is a dynamic function and
has to adapt itself to the changing environment. In order to be successful, an
organisation must change itself and its goals according to the needs of the
environment.
8. Management is an intangible force: Management is an intangible force that
cannot be seen but its presence can be felt in the way the organisation
functions
